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gamocdili maswavlebeli gamocdili maswavlebeli

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Tavi 11 moswavlis unarze aseTi Sexeduleba avaldebulebs maswavlebels mas efeqtiani Zalisxmeva aswavlos. es swavlebis rolis bevrisaTvis axali da ucnobi aspeqtia. efeqtian Zalisxmevas oTxi niSani aqvs: 300 1. dro. moswavleebi sakmaris wuTebsa da saaTebs uTmoben samuSaos Sesrulebas. miuxedavad amisa, es dro arasakmarisia rTuli saswavlo amocanebis Sesasruleblad, es sine qua non-ia. mravali moswavle ubralod ver xvdeba, rom monaxazis Seqmnaze, gasworebasa Tu redaqtirebaze daxarjul ramdenime saaTSi naSromi ver gaxdeba maRali standartebis Sesabamisi. maswavlebelma unda imsjelos moswavleebTan erTad, ra dro unda daxarjon saswavlo davalebaze imisaTvis, rom is maRal standartebs pasuxobdes. 2. gulisyuri. samuSao dro efeqtiani unda iyos da yuradRebis gafantva ar unda xdebodes. zogierTi moswavle musikas, xmamaRalsac ki, yuradRebis gamfantavad ar miiCnevs. gulisyuris gansazRvraSi individualuri stilis Tavisuflebis xarisxi uzomoa. TumTumca akademiuri samuSaos Sesrulebisas megobrebTan damdegi SabaT-kviris gatarebaze saubari an televizoris yureba SeuTavsebelia gulisyuris koncefciasTan. 3. resursebis siuxve. moswavleebma ician, sad da rogor unda eZebon daxmareba. daxmarebis wyaroebi SesaZlebelia sxva adamianebi (megobrebi, saSinao davalebis Sesrulebis centrebi, na- Tesavebi) an sxva wyaroebi (damatebiTi literatura, interneti, biblioTeka) iyos. moswavleebs unda vaswavloT, amgvari resursebis raoba da maTi gamoyeneba. erT-erT meoTxe klasSi bavSvebis jgufi adgilobrivi amerikelebis tomebze moxsenebas amzadebda. jgufma moxseneba imaze saubriT daiwyo, Tu sad moipoves informacia, ra winaaRmdegobebi SexvdaT da rogor daZlies. swored maswavlebelma aswavla maT, rogor gamoeyenebinaT saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi klasis gareT daxmareba informaciis mopovebisTvis. 4. strategiebi. moswavleebma ician akademiuri samuSaoebis Sesrulebis Sesatyvisi strategiebi da iyeneben maT. mravali literaturuli wyaro adasturebs, rom moswavleebi gacilebiT ukeT asruleben akademiur samuSaos, roca maswavlebeli maT kiTxvis, gaazrebis, organizebis, namuSevris Semowmebis, ganxilvis, damaxsovrebisa da Sejamebis strategiebs aswavlis (Paris, Wasik, and Turner 1991; Pressley, Borkowsky, and Schneider 1987). arsebobs maTematikis swavlebis strategiebic. mkiTxveli albaT icnobs kidec am strategiaTagan zogierTs, magaliTad, urTierTswavlebas, da mnemonikur sakvanZo sityvaTa teqnikas. nebismier maswavlebels SeuZlia moswavleTa miRwevebis gaumjobeseba swavlebis rolis koncefciis gafarToebiT. Cven yvelam metakognituri strategiebi unda vaswavloT – teqstidan nawyvetis mniSvnelobis gageba da weris dros azrebis organizeba da warmodgena. es yvelam erTad unda gavakeToT _ maTematikis, sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebebis, ucxo enebis, fizkulturis, musikisa Tu xelovnebis maswavleblebma. Cven yvelani kiTxvisa da weris maswavleblebi unda viyoT, radgan es kargad swavlisa da azrovnebis wina pirobaa. am Sexedulebas didi xnis istoria da saxeli ki aqvs – kiTxva da wera konkretul saganSi (Reading and Writing in the Content Area) da arsebobs saxelmZRvaneloebi maswavleblisaTvis (Vacca and Vacca 1989). winamdebare Tavis wyalobiT Sexedulebam damatebiTi stimuli SeiZina. Tu Cven efeqtiani Zalisxmevis mniSvnelobaSi moswavleTa darwmuneba da Tandayolili in-

molodinebi teleqtis Sesaxeb maTi Sexedulebebis Secvla gvsurs, maSin maT saWiro strategiebi unda vaswavloT. ramdenime boloTqma SesaZloa yovel skolas `usazRvro molodinebze~ pasuxismgebeli adamiani sWirdeba, romelic `gamoaRviZebs~ maswavleblebs, drodadro Seaxsenebs maT gadaxedon sakuTar molodinebsa da moTxovnebs moswavleTa saqmianobis mimarT. SesaZloa, SesaZloa yovel skolas `usazRvro molodinebze~ pasuxismgebeli adamiani sWirdeba. es am Tavis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani gavlena iyos mkiTxvelebze. am parametris ganxilvisas imedi gvaqvs da gpirdebiT, rom yvela moswavlisadmi samarTliani da erTnairi mopyroba sasikeTod waadgeba maT saswavlo saqmianobas. molodinis parametri imis magaliTia, rom swavleba saqmeze metia. Tu warmatebuli swavleba moswavleTa sakuTar ZalebSi darwmunebasac, maSin is sulierebasTan dakavSirebuli saqmianoba ufroa, vidre xeloba. 301

Tavi 11<br />

moswavlis unarze aseTi Sexeduleba avaldebulebs maswavlebels mas efeqtiani Zalisxmeva<br />

aswavlos. es swavlebis rolis bevrisaTvis axali da ucnobi aspeqtia. efeqtian Zalisxmevas<br />

oTxi niSani aqvs:<br />

300<br />

1. dro.<br />

moswavleebi sakmaris wuTebsa da saaTebs uTmoben samuSaos Sesrulebas. miuxedavad<br />

amisa, es dro arasakmarisia rTuli saswavlo amocanebis Sesasruleblad, es sine qua<br />

non-ia. mravali moswavle ubralod ver xvdeba, rom monaxazis Seqmnaze, gasworebasa<br />

Tu redaqtirebaze daxarjul ramdenime saaTSi naSromi ver gaxdeba maRali standartebis<br />

Sesabamisi. maswavlebelma unda imsjelos moswavleebTan erTad, ra dro<br />

unda daxarjon saswavlo davalebaze imisaTvis, rom is maRal standartebs pasuxobdes.<br />

2. gulisyuri.<br />

samuSao dro efeqtiani unda iyos da yuradRebis gafantva ar unda xdebodes. zogierTi<br />

moswavle musikas, xmamaRalsac ki, yuradRebis gamfantavad ar miiCnevs. gulisyuris<br />

gansazRvraSi individualuri stilis Tavisuflebis xarisxi uzomoa. TumTumca akademiuri samuSaos Sesrulebisas megobrebTan damdegi SabaT-kviris gatarebaze<br />

saubari an televizoris yureba SeuTavsebelia gulisyuris koncefciasTan.<br />

3. resursebis siuxve.<br />

moswavleebma ician, sad da rogor unda eZebon daxmareba. daxmarebis wyaroebi SesaZlebelia<br />

sxva adamianebi (megobrebi, saSinao davalebis Sesrulebis centrebi, na-<br />

Tesavebi) an sxva wyaroebi (damatebiTi literatura, interneti, biblioTeka) iyos.<br />

moswavleebs unda vaswavloT, amgvari resursebis raoba da maTi gamoyeneba. erT-erT<br />

meoTxe klasSi bavSvebis jgufi adgilobrivi amerikelebis tomebze moxsenebas amzadebda.<br />

jgufma moxseneba imaze saubriT daiwyo, Tu sad moipoves informacia, ra winaaRmdegobebi<br />

SexvdaT da rogor daZlies. swored maswavlebelma aswavla maT, rogor<br />

gamoeyenebinaT saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi klasis gareT daxmareba informaciis<br />

mopovebisTvis.<br />

4. strategiebi.<br />

moswavleebma ician akademiuri samuSaoebis Sesrulebis Sesatyvisi strategiebi da<br />

iyeneben maT. mravali literaturuli wyaro adasturebs, rom moswavleebi gacilebiT<br />

ukeT asruleben akademiur samuSaos, roca <strong>maswavlebeli</strong> maT kiTxvis, gaazrebis,<br />

organizebis, namuSevris Semowmebis, ganxilvis, damaxsovrebisa da Sejamebis strategiebs<br />

aswavlis (Paris, Wasik, and Turner 1991; Pressley, Borkowsky, and Schneider 1987).<br />

arsebobs maTematikis swavlebis strategiebic. mkiTxveli albaT icnobs kidec am<br />

strategiaTagan zogierTs, magaliTad, urTierTswavlebas, da mnemonikur sakvanZo<br />

sityvaTa teqnikas.<br />

nebismier maswavlebels SeuZlia moswavleTa miRwevebis gaumjobeseba swavlebis rolis<br />

koncefciis gafarToebiT. Cven yvelam metakognituri strategiebi unda vaswavloT – teqstidan<br />

nawyvetis mniSvnelobis gageba da weris dros azrebis organizeba da warmodgena. es<br />

yvelam erTad unda gavakeToT _ maTematikis, sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebebis, ucxo enebis,<br />

fizkulturis, musikisa Tu xelovnebis maswavleblebma. Cven yvelani kiTxvisa da weris maswavleblebi<br />

unda viyoT, radgan es kargad swavlisa da azrovnebis wina pirobaa.<br />

am Sexedulebas didi xnis istoria da saxeli ki aqvs – kiTxva da wera konkretul saganSi<br />

(Reading and Writing in the Content Area) da arsebobs saxelmZRvaneloebi maswavleblisaTvis<br />

(Vacca and Vacca 1989). winamdebare Tavis wyalobiT Sexedulebam damatebiTi stimuli SeiZina.<br />

Tu Cven efeqtiani Zalisxmevis mniSvnelobaSi moswavleTa darwmuneba da Tandayolili in-

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