gamocdili maswavlebeli

Tavi 11
sakuTari Tavis rwmenisa da riskis gawevis unars ayalibebs, swor pasuxamde miyvanis gzaze
mcdelobas ar aklebs da, Sesabamisad, CamonaTvalis Sua nawilSi mocemul reaqciebs iyenebs.
xSirad, Cvens seminarebze, maswavleblebs ainteresebT, rogor SeiZleba moswavlis swor
pasuxamde miyvanaze, miniSnebaze amdeni drois daxarjva da sasurveli masalis amowurvac.
sinamdvileSi amas sulac ar sWirdeba meti dro, SesaZloa, sul ramdenime wamiT meti. moswavleze
`dayovneba~ sulac ar amcirebs `masalis amowurvis siCqares~ (Tumca, sxva mizeziT ase-
Ti Semcireba, SeiZleba, kargic ki iyos). im moswavleze `ardayovnebis~ Sedegebi ki, romelic
pirvel jerze ar pasuxobs an arasworad pasuxobs, aseTia: aseT dros ise advilad Cndeba moswavlis
mier sakuTari umaqnisobis gancda da Sedegad Semecnebis `Caqroba~. ase rom `ardayovneba~
didi riskia. amas garda, maswavlebeli xelidan uSvebs moswavlisTvis azrovnebisa da
saswavlo masalis daZlevis rwmenis amaRlebis SesaZleblobas. yoveli xangrZlivi dayovneba
anu siCumis dro, roca moswavle kiTxvis gamo Tavs SeSinebulad da uimedod grZnobs, misive
Tavdajerebulobisa da SesaZleblobis rwmenis ganmtkicebis Sansia.
moswavlis pasuxebze sxvagvari reaqciebic arsebobs. damatebiTi kiTxva an ganvrcoba
(romelsac samecniero literaturaSi `zondireba~, `mosinjva~ ewodeba) saSualebas gvaZlevs,
SevamowmoT, namdvilad gaigo moswavlem SekiTxva Tu TuTiyuSiviT imeorebs. magaliTad, moswavlem
SeiZleba gvipasuxos `pi r 2 ~ da ar icodes, rom r wrewiris radiuss aRniSnavs.
moswavlis pasuxis miReba gansjis gareSe sxva moswavleebs Semdgomi SeniSvnebis gamoTqmis,
xolo imave moswavles pirveladi pasuxis srulyofis saSualebas aZlevs.
maswavleblis mier moswavlis pasuxis srulyofilad Camoyalibeba sxva moswavleebisaTvis
sasargebloa, radgan rwmundebian, sworad gaiges Tu ara pasuxi.
moswavleTaTvis maTive pasuxebis gaazrebis Txovna maswavlebels exmareba gaigos, risi
Tqma surdaT: `ufro zustad xom ver amixsnidi?~ `darwmunebuli ara var, rom sworad gavige,
risi Tqma gsurda. iqneb ufro detalurad amixsna!~ `jein, ufro dawvrilebiT unda gviTxra.
rogor ggonia, am bolodan rogoria RerZis daSoreba?~
Seqeba mxolod Sesabamisi gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSia efeqtiani reaqcia moswavlis pasuxze.
jeri brofis (Jere Brophy 1981) kvlevaSi Sejamebulia Seqebis swori gamoyeneba. kerZod, efeqtiani
qeba aris:*
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¤ konkretuli. konkretulad gansazRvravs ra aris Seqebis Rirsi moswavlis saqmiano-
¤ ganpirobebuli. qeba damokidebulia moswavlis warmatebul saqmianobaze da ar aris
¤ gulwrfeli: maswavlebeli gulwrfelad aqebs da ara manipulaciis an konkretuli qce-
¤ kongruentuli: maswavleblis Jesti, xmis toni, poza da mdgomareoba imave Setyobine-
baSi: `jon, gaocebuli var Sens naSromSi zmnebisa da winadadebis nimuSebis mravalferovnebiT.
es Seni saukeTeso namuSevaria~.
SemTxveviTi an wamaxalisebeli. SemTxveviT qebas (romelic SemTxveviT da xSirad araswori
pasuxebis dros gamoiyeneba), rogorc aRmoCnda, `ufro xSirad is maswavleblebi
iyeneben, romelTac dabali molodinebi aqvT moswavlis swavlis mimarT. misi mizania
moswavlis waxalisebis mcdeloba. miuxedavad amisa, rogorc wesi, moswavleebi kargad
gamoicnoben xolme amgvari qebis mizans, romelsac Sedegad sircxvilis grZnoba,
imedgacrueba da sxva arasasurveli Sedegebi mohyveba~ (Brophy 1981, gv. 13).
vis `waxalisebis~ mizniT da Sesabamisad, namdvil mowonebas asaxavs.
bebs ugzavnis moswavles, rasac sityvebi. roca maswavlebeli ukan ixreba, sxvagan iyureba
da gaRizianebuli toniT ambobs, `fred, rogorc vxedav, am amocanebze bevri gi-
* ibeWdeba gamomcemlis nebarTviT. Brophy, Jere. ‘Teacher Praise: A Functional Analysis’. Review of Education Research 51 (Spring
1981): 5-32. (c) 1981 by the American Educational Research Association.)