gamocdili maswavlebeli
gamocdili maswavlebeli gamocdili maswavlebeli
Tavi 7 150 v) v. klasis SekrebaTa umravlesoba ori kategoriis mixedviT (Ria dasasruliT da saganmanaTleblo-diagnostikuri) CaatareT. z) z. klasis Sekrebebi standartuli saswavlo programis SeZlebisdagvarad ukeT swavlebisaTvis gamoiyeneT. mxardaWeris sistema 1. heterogenuli, sakuTar klasze agebuli gakveTilebi. klasma, rogorc socialurma erTeulma, dRis umetesi nawili erTad unda gaataros, raTa ganviTardes erTmaneT- Tan da maswavleblebTan CarTulobis SegrZneba. 2. araviTari `ABCDF~ tipis Sefaseba. (araviTari `warumateblis~ iarliyi). 3. saswavlo programa orientirebuli unda iyos `azrovnebaze~, raTa... 4. saswavlo programa moswavleTa cxovrebiseuli sakiTxebis relevanturi unda iyos. 5. warmateba kiTxvaSi. glaseri am miRwevas imdenad Tvlis skolasTan dakavSirebuli socialuri molodinis nawilad da, faqtobrivad, imdenad saWirod miiCnevs skolaSi warmatebis SegrZnebebis miRwevisTvis, rom mas gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces saswavlo programis Seqmnisas. amisaTvis is klasis dayofasac ki gvTavazobs kiTxvis gakveTilze. 6. albaT, umniSvnelovanesia, maswavlebeli iyos is adamiani, romelsac endomeba TviT- Sewirva da TviTinvestireba Tavis moswavleebTan `CarTulobis~ misaRwevad. socialuri sistema 1. aradamsjeli. 2. moswavleebi monawileoben wesebis SeqmnaSi. 3. rwmena da mcdeloba. maswavleblis mudmivi survili, rom Tavidan daiwyos im moswavlesTan erTad, romelmac ver Seasrula piroba, gamoxatavs rwmenasa da ndobas moswavlisadmi, rom is warmatebas miaRwevs. (aseve gamoxatavs maswavleblis CarTulobis siRrmes.) 4. maswavleblis roli aris pasuxismgeblobis modeli. 5. maswavlebels aqvs keTilganwyobili despotis rolic, ara damsjelis, aramed wesebis gamtareblisa da damcvelis da bavSvebisTvis dadebuli pirobis Sesrulebis meTvalyurisa. 6. gonivruli wesebi. moswavleebis monawileoba konstituciur procesSi mimarTulia wesebis gonivrulobaze. Tumca glaseri acnobierebs da iwonebs im faqts, rom ufrosebi asruleben im principebis ZiriTadi wyaros rols, saidanac modis wesebi. es aris praqtikuli realoba. glaseris debuleba, rom wesebi `unda iyos gonivruli~, maswavleblebisa da administratorebis misamarTiT aris naTqvami, radgan maT unda hqondeT mTavari saTqmeli. (glaseri samerhileli ar aris. [samerhili (Summerhill) er-er- Toblivi swavlebis erT-erTi yvelaze cnobili pedocentristuli skola qveyanaSi, romelic sufolkis sagrafoSi mdebareobs. mTargmn. Sen.] 7. moswavleebi pasuxs ageben sakuTar qcevaze da yovelTvis Tavisufali arian qcevis arCevanSi. maTi pasuxismgebloba vrceldeba ara mxolod TviT maTze, an maswavlebelze, aramed, yvela sxva moswavlezec. efeqtebi pirdapiri: Riad xdeba muSaoba socialur problemebze, orientacia keTdeba mogvarebaze da ara dadanaSaulebaze.
disciplina saswavlo programaSi xazi esmeba relevanturobas (Sesabamisobas). aRmzrdelobiTi: maswavlebelsa da moswavleebs da TviT moswavleebs Soris siTbo da siyvaruli izrdeba. viTardeba erTmaneTis moTxovnilebebisa da uflebebis mimarT pativiscema. moswavleTa moTxovnilebebis dakmayofilebisa da pa su xi sm geblobis ganviTarebasTan erTad viTardeba empaTia. Semdegi modeli, Tomas gordonis `maswavleblis efeqtianobis wvrTna~ (mew) misive wignis `mSobelTa efeqtianobis wvrTnis~ principebzea agebuli da gamoiyeneba skolebisaTvis rogorc kvalifikaciis asamaRlebeli kursi mTeli qveynis masStabiT. Tomas gordonis `maswavleblis efeqtianobis wvrTna~ disciplina, rogorc komunikacia mew modelSi gordoni komunikaciis unar-Cvevebis swavlebiT cdilobs im konfliqtebisa da gaugebrobebis aRmofxvras, romlebic auareseben maswavleblisa da moswavleebis urTierTobebs. mew-is komunikaciis unar-Cvevebi moswavleebsa da maswavleblebs Zalauflebis alternativas sTavazoben moTxovnilebaTa konfliqtis gadaWrisas. maswavlebels aRar sWirdeba moswavlis moTxovnilebaTa xarjze gamarjveba (I meTodi) an, piriqiT, moswavles – maswavleblis xarjze (II meTodi). III meTodi _ `yaimiT~ (no-lose), romelic mewSi iswavleba, moswavleebsa da maswavleblebs moTxovnilebaTa Tanxvedris saSualebas aZlevs. gansazRvrebebi 1. aqtiuri mosmena: mosaubris SeniSvnaSi emociuri Sinaarsis (daSifruli Setyobinebis) daWera da mosaubrisadmi emociuri gamoxmaureba. 2. `me~-Setyobineba: sxvisi qcevis miukerZoebeli aRwera, am qcevis xelSesaxebi gavlenis danaxva da qceviT gamowveuli emociebis gadmocema. nebismieri TanamimdevrobiT dalagebuli am sami elementisagan Sedgeba `me~-Setyobineba. 3. qmedebis Secvla: `me~-Setyobinebis gagzavnis Semdeg aqtiur mosmenaze gadasvla. varaudebi 4. roca adamians viRebT, mas cvlilebisa da zrdis saSualebas vaZlevT. Tu adamiani grZnobs, rom is `kargia~ rogorc pirovneba, miRebulia iseTad, rogoric aris, is mgrZnobiare xdeba sakuTari qcevis cvlilebis mimarT. garda cvlilebis xelSewyobisa miReba misTvis sine qua non-ia. rodesac adamiani grZnobs miuReblobas cvlilebis agentisagan, is winaaRmdegobas uwevs cvlilebas. aq aSkaraa, rom gordoni maslousa da rojerss eyrdnoba. 5. gordonis sistemas mxedvelobaSi fsiqikurad SedarebiT jansaRi bavSvebi hyavs; is emociurad agznebuli bavSvebisaTvis ar aris Seqmnili. 6. maswavlebelica da moswavlec afasebs maT Soris arsebul urTierTobas. sistema mxolod maSin gamoiyeneba, roca maswavlebels `sjera urTierTobis~, afasebs da nerviulobs masze. (gasakviri araa, rom gordoni da glaseri amJamad erTad atareben treiningebs.) adamiani ar iqneba motivirebuli, gaiaros aqtiuri mosmenisa da sxva nabijebi sintaqsSi, Tu mas ar anaRvlebs meore mxare. 7. moswavleebs SeuZliaT ikisron pasuxismgebloba da gadaWran sakuTari problemebi. 151
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disciplina<br />
saswavlo programaSi xazi esmeba relevanturobas (Sesabamisobas).<br />
aRmzrdelobiTi: maswavlebelsa da moswavleebs da TviT moswavleebs Soris siTbo da<br />
siyvaruli izrdeba.<br />
viTardeba erTmaneTis moTxovnilebebisa da uflebebis mimarT pativiscema.<br />
moswavleTa moTxovnilebebis dakmayofilebisa da pa su xi sm geblobis<br />
ganviTarebasTan erTad viTardeba empaTia.<br />
Semdegi modeli, Tomas gordonis `maswavleblis efeqtianobis wvrTna~ (mew) misive wignis<br />
`mSobelTa efeqtianobis wvrTnis~ principebzea agebuli da gamoiyeneba skolebisaTvis<br />
rogorc kvalifikaciis asamaRlebeli kursi mTeli qveynis masStabiT.<br />
Tomas gordonis `maswavleblis efeqtianobis wvrTna~<br />
disciplina, rogorc komunikacia<br />
mew modelSi gordoni komunikaciis unar-Cvevebis swavlebiT cdilobs im konfliqtebisa<br />
da gaugebrobebis aRmofxvras, romlebic auareseben maswavleblisa da moswavleebis urTierTobebs.<br />
mew-is komunikaciis unar-Cvevebi moswavleebsa da maswavleblebs Zalauflebis<br />
alternativas sTavazoben moTxovnilebaTa konfliqtis gadaWrisas. maswavlebels aRar<br />
sWirdeba moswavlis moTxovnilebaTa xarjze gamarjveba (I meTodi) an, piriqiT, moswavles<br />
– maswavleblis xarjze (II meTodi). III meTodi _ `yaimiT~ (no-lose), romelic mewSi iswavleba,<br />
moswavleebsa da maswavleblebs moTxovnilebaTa Tanxvedris saSualebas aZlevs.<br />
gansazRvrebebi<br />
1. aqtiuri mosmena: mosaubris SeniSvnaSi emociuri Sinaarsis (daSifruli Setyobinebis)<br />
daWera da mosaubrisadmi emociuri gamoxmaureba.<br />
2. `me~-Setyobineba: sxvisi qcevis miukerZoebeli aRwera, am qcevis xelSesaxebi gavlenis<br />
danaxva da qceviT gamowveuli emociebis gadmocema. nebismieri TanamimdevrobiT<br />
dalagebuli am sami elementisagan Sedgeba `me~-Setyobineba.<br />
3. qmedebis Secvla: `me~-Setyobinebis gagzavnis Semdeg aqtiur mosmenaze gadasvla.<br />
varaudebi<br />
4. roca adamians viRebT, mas cvlilebisa da zrdis saSualebas vaZlevT. Tu adamiani<br />
grZnobs, rom is `kargia~ rogorc pirovneba, miRebulia iseTad, rogoric aris, is<br />
mgrZnobiare xdeba sakuTari qcevis cvlilebis mimarT. garda cvlilebis xelSewyobisa<br />
miReba misTvis sine qua non-ia. rodesac adamiani grZnobs miuReblobas cvlilebis<br />
agentisagan, is winaaRmdegobas uwevs cvlilebas. aq aSkaraa, rom gordoni maslousa<br />
da rojerss eyrdnoba.<br />
5. gordonis sistemas mxedvelobaSi fsiqikurad SedarebiT jansaRi bavSvebi hyavs; is<br />
emociurad agznebuli bavSvebisaTvis ar aris Seqmnili.<br />
6. <strong>maswavlebeli</strong>ca da moswavlec afasebs maT Soris arsebul urTierTobas. sistema<br />
mxolod maSin gamoiyeneba, roca maswavlebels `sjera urTierTobis~, afasebs da<br />
nerviulobs masze. (gasakviri araa, rom gordoni da glaseri amJamad erTad atareben<br />
treiningebs.) adamiani ar iqneba motivirebuli, gaiaros aqtiuri mosmenisa da sxva<br />
nabijebi sintaqsSi, Tu mas ar anaRvlebs meore mxare.<br />
7. moswavleebs SeuZliaT ikisron pasuxismgebloba da gadaWran sakuTari problemebi.<br />
151
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