gamocdili maswavlebeli
gamocdili maswavlebeli gamocdili maswavlebeli
Tavi 7 vidualizebuli sakontraqto sistemiT Tavi gaarTva swavlebas. moswavleebma mxari aubes da is energia, romelic maswavlebelTan brZolaSi unda daxarjuliyo saswavlo miznebis Tanxvedras moxmarda. Tumca is weli mainc rTuli iyo. molodini wlis dasawyisSive rom Camoyalibebuliyo, misi sakontraqto sistema am konkretul klass swor gzaze daayenebda. klasis cxovrebaSi moswavleTaTvis Tanamflobelobis grZnobis Camoyalibebis sami SesaniSnavi midgoma aseTia: molaparakeba mendlerisa da kurvinis `socialur kontraqtze~, swavlis principis gamoyeneba, romelsac `miznis dasaxva~ hqvia (ix. me-9 Tavi) da swavlebis xuTi kooperaciuli modelidan erT-erTis gamoyeneba (ix. me-15 Tavi). sicxadis parametris kursis Seswavlis dros inglisuris erT-erTma maswavlebelma gaacnobiera, rom mis mier dasmuli SekiTxvebi TamaSs _ `mixvdi ras gulisxmobs maswavlebeli~ _ hgavda. meore dRes es aRmoCena Tavis moswavleebs gauziara da hkiTxa, Tanaxma iyvnen Tu ara eTanamSromlaT da aseTi kiTxvebis Tavidan acilebis gegma SeemuSavebinaT. diskusiaze gamoTqmuli mosazrebebis safuZvelze isini aseT proceduraze SeTanxmdnen: Tu moswavleebi mixvdebian, rom aseTi SekiTxva dausves, SeuZliaT pirdapir miuTiTon maswavlebels da sTxovon SekiTxvis xelaxla Camoyalibeba; Tu moswavle ver gascems pasuxs SekiTxvaze, SeuZlia igive SekiTxva Tanaklasels dausvas; maswavlebeli klass dausvams Semajamebel SekiTxvebs saSinao davalebis teqstTan dakavSirebiT da Tu romelime moswavle ver dascems pasuxs an arasworad upasuxebs, imave SekiTxvas sxva moswavles usvams. Tu zedized sami moswavle ver upasuxebs, maswavlebeli xvdeba, rom SekiTxva arasworad iyo dasmuli da xelaxla ayalibebs mas. dabali moswrebis moswavleebisaTvis am aqtivobis saboloo Sedegi gakveTilze ufro aqtiuri monawileoba da akademiuri warmatebebis zrda iyo. Tumca, Cveni azriT, am konkretul klasSi maswavlebeli gacilebiT met muSaobas eweoda. upirveles yovlisa, maswavlebeli samarTlianobasa da bunebriobas amJRavnebda (pirovnuli urTierTobis Camoyalibeba) imis aRiarebiT, rom SeiZleboda is yofiliyo moswavleTaTvis Seqmnili problemis mizezi da problemebis mogvarebas Riad cdilobda. meore, es teqnika moswavleebs azris gamoTqmis sa- Sualebas aZlevda klasSi TamaSis wesebis gansazRvrisa da movlenebis gakontrolebis dros. meore maswavlebeli, saSinao davalebis kargad Sesasruleblis mizniT moswavleTa motivaciis amaRlebas cdilobda. mas praqtikaSi hqonda moswavleTaTvis saxlSi sakiTxavi masalis mixedviT agebuli yoveldRiuri testebi mieca. erT dRes maswavlebelma gamoucxada, rom Tu oTxjer zedized 100 qulas miiRebdnen, Tavisufal 100 qulas moipovebdnen, romlis `daxarjvasac~ nebismieri momavali testirebisas TavianTi survilisamebr SeZlebdnen. aRmoCnda, rom moswavleTa (maT Soris warmatebulTa) Zalisxmeva saSinao davalebisa da testebis SesrulebisTvis mniSvnelovnad gaizarda. Cveni azriT, am teqnikis siZliere is iyo, rom moswavleebs garkveuli kontrolis, kerZod, mopovebuli qulebis gamoyenebis, uflebas aZlevda. maTi neba iyo moipovebdnen Tu ara qulebs da mopovebis SemTxvevaSi rogor `daxarjavdnen~. (warmatebuli moswavleebisaTvis ki es teqnika erTgvari sadazRvevo polisi iyo momavali warumateblobis SemTxvevaSi.) es teqnika sxva maswavleblebmac gadaiRes, magram ugulebelyves oTxjer zedized 100 qulis miRebis moTxovna; ubralod, oTxi 100 qulis miReba gvaZlevs 100 qulas bonusad. am maswavlebelTa martivma eqsperimentma gvafiqrebina, rom klasis cxovrebaSi yovelTvis Sei- Zleba movZebnoT moswavleTaTvis meti kanonieri kontrolis miniWebis gzebi. 120 sworad vayalibebT Tu ara saklaso sazogadoebas (erTmaneTis Sesaxeb codna, erTmaneTis dafaseba da erTmaneTTan TanamSromloba)? uiliam glaseris saklaso Sexvedrebi (Glasser 1969), jin stenfordis aqtivobaTa wre `efeqtiani klasebis Camoyalibeba~ (Stanford 1977), urTierTobis Camoyalibebis aqtivobebi (Wilt &
disciplina Watson 1978), kooperaciuli swavla (Dishon & O’Leary 1984) specifikuri (magram ara martivi) strategiebia klasSi iseTi kavSirisa da harmoniis dasamyareblad, romelic Tavidan agvacilebs disciplinis problemebs. disciplinaze zrunvis gareSec, oTxive naSromi TavisTavad Rirebulia, magram roca urTierTobebi klasis wevrebs Soris daZabulia an ganxeTqilebisken midis (an orive), am strategiebs SeuZliaT daZabulobis Semcireba da erTmaneTTan brZolisaTvis gamiznuli energiis produqtiulad gamoyeneba. strategiebis aRweramde, mniSvnelovania imis aRniSvna, rom strategiis gacnoba (iseve, rogorc `swavlebis modelis~ SemTxvevaSi) sakmarisi rodia misi warmatebiT ganxorcielebisaTvis. es arc yuradRebis aqtebia da arc sicxadis, romelTa gagebac da mosinjvac advilia. isini ufro rTuli modelebia da maTi warmatebisaTvis, mniSvnelovania maT miRma arsebuli rwmenisa da suliskveTebis gacnobiereba. amrigad, adamianma unda (1) daxarjos dro strategiebis swavlaze; (2) surdes maTze muSaobis gagrZeleba sawyisi mcdelobebis fonze; da (3) albaT, rac yvelaze mniSvnelovania, ar imuSaos damoukideblad (martom). gWirdebaT kolega, romelic TqvensaviT gamoscdis am strategiebs, raTa masTan gadaamowmoT, ukukavSiri gqondeT da erTad gadaWraT problemebi. aseve fasdaudebeli iqneba mwvrTneli an strategiis mcodne adgilobrivi kadri. orive erTad – kidev ufro ukeTesi. bolo 15 wlis ganmavlobaSi saklaso Sexvedrebis praqtika sakuTar klasebTanac gamoviyeneT da rogorc kadrebis marTvis specialistebi, sxvebsac vexmarebodiT, rom saklaso Sexvedrebi saklaso cxovrebis damaxasiaTebeli niSani gamxdariyo. TiTqmis ar Segvxvedria sxva ufro sasargeblo praqtika klasSi erTobis zogadi gancdis Camoyalibebis TvalsazrisiT da iseT problemebTan sabrZolvelad, rogoricaa ciliswameba, bulingi da `kutokebi~. wignSi `skola marcxis gareSe~ uiliam glaseri detalurad aRwers `saklaso Sexvedrebis~ Catarebas. is wers: `ar Semxvedria bavSvi, romelsac ar SeuZlia fiqri da garkveul doneze skolis marTvaSi monawileobis miReba, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu gavagebinebT, rom vafasebT mis wvlils~ (gv 97). es Sexeduleba umTavresia maswavleblisTvis, romelsac surs, rom klasis Sexvedrebi Sedegiani iyos, radgan gansjis gareSe moswavleTa wvlilis aRiareba, saklaso Sexvedrebis gaZRolis ZiriTadi unaria. Sexvedrebis saSualebiT moswavleebi swavloben rogorc monawileobas, aRiarebasa da dafasebas, ise raRac realuris nawilad yofnas. klasis krebebs regularulad (sul mcire yovelkvireulad da umjobesia kviraSi ramdenjerme) atareben wreSi mWidrod msxdomi moswavleebi da maswavlebeli. maswavlebeli gansjis gareSe moswavleebTan erTad ganixilavs maTTvis mniSvnelovan da aqtualur sakiTxebs. SexvedraTa sami saxeoba arsebobs: Tavisufali (droSi SeuzRudavi) Sexvedrebi, Sexvedrebi socialuri problemebis gadaWris mizniT da saganmanaTleblo-diagnostikuri Sexvedrebi. Tavisufal Sexvedraze gansaxilveli Tema maswavlebels an moswavles Semoaqvs. maswavleblis erT-erTi rolia sakiTxis garSemo moswavleTaTvis saintereso sakiTxebze yuradRebis gasamaxvilebeli SekiTxvebis Camoyalibeba. erT-erTi Sexvedris dros, roca moswavleebma disneilendze saubris survili gamoTqves, maswavlebelma ikiTxa: `isurvebdiT disneilend- Si wasvlas?~ TiTqmis yvela moswavlem dadebiTad upasuxa. `warmoidgineT, rom viRacam disneilendis ori bileTi momca da miTxra, rom isini Cemi ori moswavlisTvis mimeca. vis unda mivce bileTebi?~ Ria Temebis fokusirebul diskusiebad gadaqcevis garda, maswavleblebi iyeneben aqtiuri mosmenisa da Sejamebis unar-Cvevebs. Tavisufali Sexvedrebi moswavleebs Tanaziarobis gancdas uyalibebs da safuZvels uyris saswavlo saqmianobaSi mniSvnelovan investiciebsa da ufro rTul sferos _ socialuri problemebis gadaWras. glaseris wignis me-10, me-11 da me-12 Tavebi kargi saxelmZRvaneloa am Sexvedrebis Sesaswavlad da Casatareblad, ase rom, aq sityvas aRar gavagrZelebT. Tumca, gvsurs SemogTavazoT socialuri problemebis gadaWris mizniT Catarebuli erT-erTi 121
- Page 70 and 71: Tavi 5 70 ¤ moswavleTa CarTulobis
- Page 72 and 73: Tavi 5 maCvenebeli maRali unda iyos
- Page 74 and 75: Tavi 5 misi meti `raodenoba~ ukeTes
- Page 76 and 77: Tavi 5 tempis kargi unaris mqone ma
- Page 78 and 79: Tavi 5 78 `v~ maswavlebeli midis da
- Page 81 and 82: d r o - S e j a m e b a 1. Seesabam
- Page 83 and 84: d r o - s a v a r j i S o SeamowmeT
- Page 85 and 86: gamxsneli, saWreli iaraRebi, nimuSe
- Page 87: literatura: Anderson, L. W. “Stud
- Page 91 and 92: utina ra iqneboda yoveldRiuri cxovr
- Page 93 and 94: 7. rutina Seesabameba individebis x
- Page 95: u t i n a - S e j a m e b a 1. gada
- Page 98 and 99: 98 biT. gakveTilis win moswavleebi
- Page 100 and 101: 100 19. aRmovaCine, rom es teqnika
- Page 102 and 103: 102 dafaze. me aseve vakrav lanCis
- Page 104 and 105: Tavi 6 104 literatura: Randolph, N.
- Page 107 and 108: I nawiliM Sesavali da mimoxilva dis
- Page 109 and 110: fizikuri mizezebi moswavlis mier um
- Page 111 and 112: maT, rogor gaakeTon is, ris gakeTeb
- Page 113 and 114: disciplina riTac Tavidan icilebs ar
- Page 115 and 116: disciplina Sedegebidan erT-erTs da
- Page 117 and 118: disciplina roca zustad ici, ris gak
- Page 119: disciplina dadro `moveli~ kidec mas
- Page 123 and 124: disciplina klasSi sazogadoebis Camo
- Page 125 and 126: disciplina sayalibeblad. is Tavis m
- Page 127 and 128: disciplina 7. Semobruneba: qcevis a
- Page 129 and 130: socialuri sistema disciplina 1. mas
- Page 131 and 132: disciplina moswavleebs monacemTa wi
- Page 133 and 134: problemis gansazRvra `vnaxoT, ra ar
- Page 135 and 136: avSvi: SemeZlo meTxova misTvis. dis
- Page 137 and 138: disciplina le Tavs ufro komfortulad
- Page 139 and 140: disciplina aRmzrdelobiTi: 1. maswav
- Page 141 and 142: miznebi gamoiyeneT es Rirebulebebi
- Page 143 and 144: disciplina lemis qonas~ hgavs (ix.
- Page 145 and 146: disciplina logikuri Sedegis ganxorc
- Page 147 and 148: 5. siyvaruli: CarTuloba. (smg) disc
- Page 149 and 150: gegma moswavlisaTvis realuri unda i
- Page 151 and 152: disciplina saswavlo programaSi xazi
- Page 153 and 154: moswavles aqvs problem swavleba- sw
- Page 155 and 156: socialuri sistema disciplina moswav
- Page 157 and 158: disciplina sxva aRmzrdelobiTi efeqt
- Page 159 and 160: fiziologiuri daculoba da usafrTxoeb
- Page 161 and 162: disciplina rogor SegviZlia gamoviye
- Page 163 and 164: disciplina dreikursis meTodi Tavs a
- Page 165 and 166: disciplina eloba, pasuxismgebloba,
- Page 167 and 168: VI nawili reaqcia akrZalul qcevaze
- Page 169 and 170: d i s c i p l i n i s p r o b l e m
Tavi 7<br />
vidualizebuli sakontraqto sistemiT Tavi gaarTva swavlebas. moswavleebma mxari aubes da<br />
is energia, romelic maswavlebelTan brZolaSi unda daxarjuliyo saswavlo miznebis Tanxvedras<br />
moxmarda. Tumca is weli mainc rTuli iyo. molodini wlis dasawyisSive rom Camoyalibebuliyo,<br />
misi sakontraqto sistema am konkretul klass swor gzaze daayenebda.<br />
klasis cxovrebaSi moswavleTaTvis Tanamflobelobis grZnobis Camoyalibebis sami SesaniSnavi<br />
midgoma aseTia: molaparakeba mendlerisa da kurvinis `socialur kontraqtze~, swavlis<br />
principis gamoyeneba, romelsac `miznis dasaxva~ hqvia (ix. me-9 Tavi) da swavlebis xuTi<br />
kooperaciuli modelidan erT-erTis gamoyeneba (ix. me-15 Tavi).<br />
sicxadis parametris kursis Seswavlis dros inglisuris erT-erTma maswavlebelma gaacnobiera,<br />
rom mis mier dasmuli SekiTxvebi TamaSs _ `mixvdi ras gulisxmobs <strong>maswavlebeli</strong>~<br />
_ hgavda. meore dRes es aRmoCena Tavis moswavleebs gauziara da hkiTxa, Tanaxma iyvnen Tu<br />
ara eTanamSromlaT da aseTi kiTxvebis Tavidan acilebis gegma SeemuSavebinaT. diskusiaze<br />
gamoTqmuli mosazrebebis safuZvelze isini aseT proceduraze SeTanxmdnen: Tu moswavleebi<br />
mixvdebian, rom aseTi SekiTxva dausves, SeuZliaT pirdapir miuTiTon maswavlebels da sTxovon<br />
SekiTxvis xelaxla Camoyalibeba; Tu moswavle ver gascems pasuxs SekiTxvaze, SeuZlia<br />
igive SekiTxva Tanaklasels dausvas; <strong>maswavlebeli</strong> klass dausvams Semajamebel SekiTxvebs<br />
saSinao davalebis teqstTan dakavSirebiT da Tu romelime moswavle ver dascems pasuxs an<br />
arasworad upasuxebs, imave SekiTxvas sxva moswavles usvams. Tu zedized sami moswavle ver<br />
upasuxebs, <strong>maswavlebeli</strong> xvdeba, rom SekiTxva arasworad iyo dasmuli da xelaxla ayalibebs<br />
mas. dabali moswrebis moswavleebisaTvis am aqtivobis saboloo Sedegi gakveTilze ufro<br />
aqtiuri monawileoba da akademiuri warmatebebis zrda iyo. Tumca, Cveni azriT, am konkretul<br />
klasSi <strong>maswavlebeli</strong> gacilebiT met muSaobas eweoda. upirveles yovlisa, <strong>maswavlebeli</strong><br />
samarTlianobasa da bunebriobas amJRavnebda (pirovnuli urTierTobis Camoyalibeba)<br />
imis aRiarebiT, rom SeiZleboda is yofiliyo moswavleTaTvis Seqmnili problemis mizezi da<br />
problemebis mogvarebas Riad cdilobda. meore, es teqnika moswavleebs azris gamoTqmis sa-<br />
Sualebas aZlevda klasSi TamaSis wesebis gansazRvrisa da movlenebis gakontrolebis dros.<br />
meore <strong>maswavlebeli</strong>, saSinao davalebis kargad Sesasruleblis mizniT moswavleTa motivaciis<br />
amaRlebas cdilobda. mas praqtikaSi hqonda moswavleTaTvis saxlSi sakiTxavi masalis<br />
mixedviT agebuli yoveldRiuri testebi mieca. erT dRes maswavlebelma gamoucxada, rom Tu<br />
oTxjer zedized 100 qulas miiRebdnen, Tavisufal 100 qulas moipovebdnen, romlis `daxarjvasac~<br />
nebismieri momavali testirebisas TavianTi survilisamebr SeZlebdnen. aRmoCnda,<br />
rom moswavleTa (maT Soris warmatebulTa) Zalisxmeva saSinao davalebisa da testebis SesrulebisTvis<br />
mniSvnelovnad gaizarda. Cveni azriT, am teqnikis siZliere is iyo, rom moswavleebs<br />
garkveuli kontrolis, kerZod, mopovebuli qulebis gamoyenebis, uflebas aZlevda.<br />
maTi neba iyo moipovebdnen Tu ara qulebs da mopovebis SemTxvevaSi rogor `daxarjavdnen~.<br />
(warmatebuli moswavleebisaTvis ki es teqnika erTgvari sadazRvevo polisi iyo momavali<br />
warumateblobis SemTxvevaSi.)<br />
es teqnika sxva maswavleblebmac gadaiRes, magram ugulebelyves oTxjer zedized 100<br />
qulis miRebis moTxovna; ubralod, oTxi 100 qulis miReba gvaZlevs 100 qulas bonusad. am<br />
maswavlebelTa martivma eqsperimentma gvafiqrebina, rom klasis cxovrebaSi yovelTvis Sei-<br />
Zleba movZebnoT moswavleTaTvis meti kanonieri kontrolis miniWebis gzebi.<br />
120<br />
sworad vayalibebT Tu ara saklaso sazogadoebas (erTmaneTis Sesaxeb<br />
codna, erTmaneTis dafaseba da erTmaneTTan TanamSromloba)?<br />
uiliam glaseris saklaso Sexvedrebi (Glasser 1969), jin stenfordis aqtivobaTa wre `efeqtiani<br />
klasebis Camoyalibeba~ (Stanford 1977), urTierTobis Camoyalibebis aqtivobebi (Wilt &
Change language