Untitled - Iverieli
Untitled - Iverieli Untitled - Iverieli
damowmebul epizodSi manuel ritori yvela im arguments imeorebs, romelic awyuris eparqiis `prioritetulobaze~ miuTiTebs. awyuris kaTedris samociqulo xasiaTTan erTad avtori xazs usvams awyuris RvTismSoblis xatis pirveladobasac, radgan swored is aris pirmSo xati da dedani: `maT xatis dedani dautova, romelmac awyurSi daivana, dRemde imyofeba iq da morwmuneebi Tayvans scemen mas~. manuel ritori am TvalsazrisiT saintereso siaxlesac gvTavazobs da aRniSnavs, rom wm. andriam Seqmna awyuris xatis meore aslic da igi Satberdis monasterSi (VIII s.) datova. qarTuli versia Satberdis xatze arafers gvauwyebs da mxolod didaWaris mkvidr- TaTvis gamosaxul aslze saubrobs. sagulisxmoa, rom berZnuli versiis avtori Satberdis xatis Sesaxeb arsebuli gadmocemis wyarod qar- Tul zepir gadmocemas asaxelebs (Sdr.: rkinis jvris aRmarTvis epizodi `axal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~): `rogorc zogierTi ambobs, xatis es asli Cvens dromde inaxeba Satberdis monasterSi (Σαπερτίον μονή)~. VI. berZnuli versiis daskvniTi nawili qarTulTan SedarebiT ufro srulia da Satberdis xatTan erTad masSi saubaria mociqulis mier awyuridan patramde ganvlil gzaze: Txroba manuelisa axali qarTlis cxovreba `xolo mociquli miiwia adgilad, romelsac baTumi (Βαθύ) ewodeba, sadac aris navsadguri, iqidan wavida sebastopolisSi da qadagebiT ganvlo samegrelo, afxazeTi, savromatia, sugdea da guTeTi, gadascura 93 `xolo wmidaman mociqulman andria moikiTxna yovelni simdabliT da siyuaruliT, misca mSÂdoba da waremarTa sxuaTaca adgilTa qadagebad saxarebisa~. ponto da mopirdapire sanapiroze bizantionSi Cavida. aq episkoposad staqe daadgina, samocdaaT mociqulTagan erTerTi, da Trakiis herakliisken gaemarTa. iq man xeli daasxa epikopos apeless, imave samocdaaTTagan erT-erTs, ganvlo mTeli rumineTi da SeCerda peloponesSi, sadac, aqaiis patraSi, anTipatma egeatma sikvdiliT dasaja, jvarze, TaviT qvemoT. aseTia, mokled, moTxroba wminda mociqulze~. samarTlianad aRniSnavs r. bartikiani, rom berZnuli teqstis Βαθύ-Si baTumi igulisxmeba (bartikiani 1987: 76). saxelwodeba Βαθύς berZnul literaturaSi pliniusisa da arianes droidan gvxvdeba da gadmogvcems adgilobriv toponims (baT-om-i). berZnebs es saxelwodeba gaazrebuli aqvT, rogorc berZnuli Βαθύς – `Rrma~. amgvar mniSvnelobas Seesabameba baTumis la- Tinuri saxelwodeba Portus altus (georgika II: 22). niSandoblivia, rom XV saukunis bizantieli istorikosi laonike xarkokondile, manuel ritoris msgavsad, baTums Βαθύ-d ixseniebs (georgika VIII: 91). amrigad, manuelis `Txrobis~ mixedviT, wm. andria awyuridan baTumSi Cavida: `miiwia adgilad, romelsac baTumi (Βαθύ) ewodeba, sadac aris navsadguri~ da iqidan sebastopolisSi, anu cxumSi gaemgzavra. wm. andrias qadagebis marSrutSi baTumi manuel ritorma CarTo. es niSandoblivicaa, radgan baTumis navsadgurma (`havanma~) saerTaSoriso funqcia manamde ramdenime saukuniT adre (XII s.) SeiZina, roca wina 94
aziis saxmeleTo gzebze Turq-selCukebi gabatondnen da msoflio satranzito gzebma saqarTveloSi gadmoinacvla. `abreSumis gzis~ erTi Sto am dros ba- Tumze, aWarasa da samcxeze gadioda (beraZe 1981: 167) 72 . mesxuri gadmocemis qarTuli versiis mixedviTac, wm. andria mociquli am gzas mihyveba da samcxeSi (awyurSi) aWaridan (didaWaridan) gadadis. cxadia, ioakime konstantinopoleli patriarqis dros saxmeleTo gzis es monakveTi baTumis havanze gadioda da swored amgvari warmodgena aisaxa manuel ritoris TxzulebaSi. mociqulis Semdgomi gza (samegrelo, afxazeTi, savromatia, sugdea, guTeTi, pontos zRva, bizantioni, Trakiis heraklia, mTeli rumineTi, peloponesi da aqaiis patra) `mimoslvis~ gviandel versiebs imeorebs da wm. andrias mesame misioneruli mogzaurobis marSruts emTxveva. arsebobs safuZveli vifiqroT, rom analogiuri viTareba iqneboda qarTul versiaSic, magram, rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, `axali qarTlis cxovrebis~ avtorebma mociqulis didaWara-awyurSi qadagebis epizodi `mimoslvis~ teqstis sxva monakveTs daukavSires, kerZod, wm. andrias pirvel misionerul mogzaurobas. ase rom, XVI saukunis dasawyisSi mesxuri gadmocemis arqetipi literaturelad ukve gaformebulia da arsebobs misi berZnuli Targmanic, romelic safuZvlad daedo manuel ritoris Txzulebas. `axal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ ki warmodgenilia aRniSnuli gadmocemis gadamuSavebuli da vrceli varianti. dakvirveba cxadyofs, rom gadmocemis qarTuli versia XVI saukuneSive gadaamuSaves da masSi Seitanes iseTi mniSvnelovani epizodebi, rogoricaa: RvTis- ` 72 `axali qarTlis cxovreba~ wm. andrias marSruts ase warmogvidgens: didaWara > rkinis jvris mTa > oZrxis xevi > sofeli zadengora > awyuri (qca I: 39). am gzas mkvlevrebi ufro akonkreteben (sixaruliZe 1991; mgelaZe... 1999: 129; berZeniSvili 2004: 80). 95 mSoblis monawileoba mociqulTa wilisyraSi, misdami saqarTvelos wilxvdoma da awyuris xatis xelTuqmnelad (deda RvTisas `pirsa zeda~ ficris dadebiT) gamosaxva. am epizodebs `axal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ gansakuTrebuli adgili eTmoba. mesxuri gadmocemis amgvari redaqciis XVI saukunis dasawyisSive warmoqmnas adasturebs `mzeWabuk aTabagis sigeli awyuris RvTismSoblisadmi~ (mcxeTis sigel-gujari #482): `Cuen wilmxudarsa amasa erisa Senisa... inebe pirmSoisa xatisa Senisa... pirsa Sensa zeda miyrdnobiT gamosaxulsa ÃeliTa wmidisa andria mociqulisaTa aqa mosvenebaD da wmidasa taZarsa Sensa awyuers damkÂdreba. mieriTgan vidre aqamomde vinme aRracxnes... qvelis moqmedebani Senni Cuenda momarT!... raodenni niSni da saswaulni aRasrulen samxilebelad uRmrToTa barbarozTa zeda, rameTu pirvel ZululebiTa (!) daguemen usjuloni igi... da aqa JamTa amaT Sina CuenTa romelTa ikadres gmoba Seni da Seuracxeba taZrisa Senisa, sruliad mospen da daamÃuen didiTgan vidre mciredmde da ganabnien da iavar yven... da ganaqarven zraxvani maTni... me Zeman didisa patronisa yuaryuaresman patronman mzeWabuk da Zmiswulman Cemman, patronman yuaryuare... SemovswireT... saydarsa Tquensa... da... saWeT mpyrobelsa mamaTmTavarsa sÂmon mawyuerelsa... didi da didebuli monasteri zarzma sruliad misiTa SesavliTa agarak-soflianiTa da glexebiTa... sruliad aWaruliTa da guriuliTa mamuliTa~ (Jordania 1897: 321). mzeWabukis sigelsa da `manuelis Txrobas~ Soris saerToa Semdegi Temebi: 1) `pirmSo xati~, romelic misi aslis arsebobasac gulisxmobs; 2) xatis `ÃeliTa wmidisa andria mociqulisaTa... mosveneba~; 3) xatis davaneba `wmidasa taZarsa... awyuers~; 4) awyuris xatis mier 96
- Page 2 and 3: amaz xalvaSi andria pirvelwodebuli
- Page 4 and 5: Sesavali saqarTvelos eklesia samoci
- Page 6 and 7: gzis mkvlevi eqspedicia~ (xelmZRvan
- Page 8 and 9: kapadokieli, asieli da biTvinieli p
- Page 10 and 11: sinamdvileSi, `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ
- Page 12 and 13: Semcvel uZveles xelnawerSi (A-1103,
- Page 14 and 15: doniisani vidre Tesalonikemde~ 43 .
- Page 16 and 17: ogorc davinaxeT, `giorgi mTawmideli
- Page 18 and 19: leonti mroveli sxva mxrivac cdilobs
- Page 20 and 21: (gv. 187). `...xolo neokesariiT gan
- Page 22 and 23: aramed cvlis pirvelwyaroSi naxseneb
- Page 24 and 25: qalaqad, gankurnebad sensa da yovel
- Page 26 and 27: ameTu arasada umrwemes gyo Sen qris
- Page 28 and 29: konkurenti cixisjvarel-jayelebi, ma
- Page 30 and 31: `mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqciebi da `
- Page 32 and 33: da Sewirna uflisa wmidisa naTlis-Re
- Page 34 and 35: vidre mdinaredmde Woroxisa daucxrom
- Page 36 and 37: winadadeba `xolo kualad ganamtkicna
- Page 38 and 39: 2. wm. andrias misioneruli mogzauro
- Page 40 and 41: nis mesxuri gadmocemis arqetipze, a
- Page 42 and 43: Txroba manuelisa axali qarTlis cxov
- Page 44 and 45: man umalve moiwvia mociquli da sTxo
- Page 46 and 47: lis qurumebic araerTxel Seecilnen m
- Page 50 and 51: apolonisa da artemidas kerpebis Sem
- Page 52 and 53: zomebi miiRo aTabagis TviTnebobis a
- Page 54 and 55: des saswaulTa da esreT moiwines que
- Page 56 and 57: RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomiloba, wm.
- Page 58 and 59: amas e. gabiZaSvili aRniSnavs (Zegl
- Page 60 and 61: yvelaze niSandoblivi ki isaa, rom m
- Page 62 and 63: aRsaniSnavia, rom Zvel `qarTlis cxo
- Page 64 and 65: III. awyuruli matianis Semdgomi epi
- Page 66 and 67: 7) awyuris xatis qarTulma matianem
- Page 68 and 69: xolo odes warvidodes mociqulni TviT
- Page 70 and 71: viseburebebisa da siaxlis gamo, rom
- Page 72 and 73: samma mociqulma: andria pirvelwodeb
- Page 74 and 75: gverds uvlis mociqulis mesxeTSi qad
- Page 76 and 77: 49. TamaraSvili 1995: TamaraSvili m
- Page 78 and 79: Ramaz Khalvashi APOSTLE ST. ANDREW
- Page 80 and 81: abazgia - ix. afxazeTi `abos wameba
- Page 82 and 83: leonti mroveli 6, 17, 27_33, 40, 42
- Page 84: wm. andriasa da wm. petres mowodeba
aziis saxmeleTo gzebze Turq-selCukebi gabatondnen<br />
da msoflio satranzito gzebma saqarTveloSi gadmoinacvla.<br />
`abreSumis gzis~ erTi Sto am dros ba-<br />
Tumze, aWarasa da samcxeze gadioda (beraZe 1981: 167) 72 .<br />
mesxuri gadmocemis qarTuli versiis mixedviTac,<br />
wm. andria mociquli am gzas mihyveba da samcxeSi<br />
(awyurSi) aWaridan (didaWaridan) gadadis. cxadia, ioakime<br />
konstantinopoleli patriarqis dros saxmeleTo<br />
gzis es monakveTi baTumis havanze gadioda da swored<br />
amgvari warmodgena aisaxa manuel ritoris TxzulebaSi.<br />
mociqulis Semdgomi gza (samegrelo, afxazeTi,<br />
savromatia, sugdea, guTeTi, pontos zRva, bizantioni,<br />
Trakiis heraklia, mTeli rumineTi, peloponesi da aqaiis<br />
patra) `mimoslvis~ gviandel versiebs imeorebs da<br />
wm. andrias mesame misioneruli mogzaurobis marSruts<br />
emTxveva. arsebobs safuZveli vifiqroT, rom analogiuri<br />
viTareba iqneboda qarTul versiaSic, magram,<br />
rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, `axali qarTlis cxovrebis~<br />
avtorebma mociqulis didaWara-awyurSi qadagebis epizodi<br />
`mimoslvis~ teqstis sxva monakveTs daukavSires,<br />
kerZod, wm. andrias pirvel misionerul mogzaurobas.<br />
ase rom, XVI saukunis dasawyisSi mesxuri gadmocemis<br />
arqetipi literaturelad ukve gaformebulia da<br />
arsebobs misi berZnuli Targmanic, romelic safuZvlad<br />
daedo manuel ritoris Txzulebas. `axal qarTlis<br />
cxovrebaSi~ ki warmodgenilia aRniSnuli gadmocemis<br />
gadamuSavebuli da vrceli varianti.<br />
dakvirveba cxadyofs, rom gadmocemis qarTuli versia<br />
XVI saukuneSive gadaamuSaves da masSi Seitanes<br />
iseTi mniSvnelovani epizodebi, rogoricaa: RvTis-<br />
`<br />
72 `axali qarTlis cxovreba~ wm. andrias marSruts ase warmogvidgens:<br />
didaWara > rkinis jvris mTa > oZrxis xevi > sofeli zadengora<br />
> awyuri (qca I: 39). am gzas mkvlevrebi ufro akonkreteben<br />
(sixaruliZe 1991; mgelaZe... 1999: 129; berZeniSvili 2004: 80).<br />
95<br />
mSoblis monawileoba mociqulTa wilisyraSi, misdami<br />
saqarTvelos wilxvdoma da awyuris xatis xelTuqmnelad<br />
(deda RvTisas `pirsa zeda~ ficris dadebiT)<br />
gamosaxva. am epizodebs `axal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~<br />
gansakuTrebuli adgili eTmoba.<br />
mesxuri gadmocemis amgvari redaqciis XVI saukunis<br />
dasawyisSive warmoqmnas adasturebs `mzeWabuk aTabagis<br />
sigeli awyuris RvTismSoblisadmi~ (mcxeTis sigel-gujari<br />
#482):<br />
`Cuen wilmxudarsa amasa erisa Senisa... inebe pirmSoisa<br />
xatisa Senisa... pirsa Sensa zeda miyrdnobiT gamosaxulsa<br />
ÃeliTa wmidisa andria mociqulisaTa aqa mosvenebaD<br />
da wmidasa taZarsa Sensa awyuers damkÂdreba. mieriTgan<br />
vidre aqamomde vinme aRracxnes... qvelis moqmedebani Senni<br />
Cuenda momarT!... raodenni niSni da saswaulni aRasrulen<br />
samxilebelad uRmrToTa barbarozTa zeda, rameTu pirvel<br />
ZululebiTa (!) daguemen usjuloni igi... da aqa JamTa amaT<br />
Sina CuenTa romelTa ikadres gmoba Seni da Seuracxeba<br />
taZrisa Senisa, sruliad mospen da daamÃuen didiTgan<br />
vidre mciredmde da ganabnien da iavar yven... da ganaqarven<br />
zraxvani maTni... me Zeman didisa patronisa yuaryuaresman<br />
patronman mzeWabuk da Zmiswulman Cemman, patronman<br />
yuaryuare... SemovswireT... saydarsa Tquensa... da... saWeT<br />
mpyrobelsa mamaTmTavarsa sÂmon mawyuerelsa... didi da<br />
didebuli monasteri zarzma sruliad misiTa SesavliTa<br />
agarak-soflianiTa da glexebiTa... sruliad aWaruliTa da<br />
guriuliTa mamuliTa~ (Jordania 1897: 321).<br />
mzeWabukis sigelsa da `manuelis Txrobas~ Soris<br />
saerToa Semdegi Temebi: 1) `pirmSo xati~, romelic misi<br />
aslis arsebobasac gulisxmobs; 2) xatis `ÃeliTa wmidisa<br />
andria mociqulisaTa... mosveneba~; 3) xatis davaneba<br />
`wmidasa taZarsa... awyuers~; 4) awyuris xatis mier<br />
96
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