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SCENARI - SCENARIOS<br />

UPSTREAM. Il primo volume <strong>del</strong>l’enciclope<strong>di</strong>a<br />

è de<strong>di</strong>cata al settore petrolifero <strong>del</strong>l’upstream.<br />

Nella foto, Kazakhstan, Mar Caspio,<br />

isola artificiale per la perforazione e messa<br />

<strong>in</strong> produzione <strong>di</strong> Kashagan, <strong>il</strong> più grande<br />

giacimento al mondo scoperto negli ultimi<br />

trent’anni. L’attività è condotta da una jo<strong>in</strong>t<br />

venture cui partecipa <strong>Eni</strong> che svolge <strong>il</strong> ruolo<br />

<strong>di</strong> operatore unico.<br />

UPSTREAM. The first volume of the encyclopae<strong>di</strong>a<br />

is devoted to the upstream petroleum sector.<br />

In the picture, Kazakhstan, Caspian Sea, an<br />

artificial island to dr<strong>il</strong>l and develop Kashagan, the<br />

largest o<strong>il</strong> field <strong>di</strong>scovered <strong>in</strong> the last thirty years<br />

worldwide. Work is carried out by a jo<strong>in</strong>t venture<br />

with <strong>Eni</strong> as s<strong>in</strong>gle operator.<br />

ci e questi d<strong>il</strong>emmi siano al centro <strong>del</strong>le<br />

riflessioni dei decisori pubblici, <strong>del</strong>le istituzioni<br />

f<strong>in</strong>anziarie, <strong>del</strong>le organizzazioni<br />

sociali sulla base <strong>di</strong> una cultura con<strong>di</strong>visa,<br />

<strong>di</strong> un <strong>in</strong>sieme <strong>di</strong> <strong>in</strong>formazioni aggiornate,<br />

serie ed esaurienti, capaci <strong>di</strong> dar<br />

conto <strong>del</strong>le <strong>in</strong>terrelazioni nuove che si<br />

stanno determ<strong>in</strong>ando tra energia, sv<strong>il</strong>uppo<br />

e ambiente. Per questo motivo l’<strong>Eni</strong><br />

ha dato vita a questa nuova Enciclope<strong>di</strong>a<br />

degli Idrocarburi, per offrire a un<br />

ampio pubblico <strong>in</strong>ternazionale tutti gli<br />

elementi conoscitivi <strong>in</strong><strong>di</strong>spensab<strong>il</strong>i a<br />

comprendere le potenzialità e le sfide <strong>di</strong><br />

un settore decisivo per lo sv<strong>il</strong>uppo equ<strong>il</strong>ibrato<br />

<strong>del</strong>le nostre economie e <strong>del</strong>le nostre<br />

società.<br />

Con questa <strong>in</strong>iziativa culturale l’<strong>Eni</strong> si è<br />

posta <strong>in</strong> una <strong>di</strong>rettrice sia <strong>di</strong> cont<strong>in</strong>uità<br />

con l’<strong>in</strong>tuizione e l’opera e<strong>di</strong>toriale promossa<br />

da Enrico Mattei, sia <strong>di</strong> r<strong>in</strong>novata prospettiva.<br />

Per l’<strong>Eni</strong> oggi, <strong>in</strong> cont<strong>in</strong>uità con <strong>il</strong> passato, resta prioritario<br />

mantenere attivi i canali <strong>di</strong> comunicazione con tutte le realtà<br />

e i soggetti esterni, <strong>in</strong><strong>di</strong>viduali e sociali, che dal suo operato<br />

derivano servizi, prodotti, ricchezza, ma anche op<strong>in</strong>ioni, stimoli<br />

e reazioni <strong>in</strong> quanto cittad<strong>in</strong>i e istituzioni.<br />

Al tempo stesso, per l’<strong>Eni</strong> cont<strong>in</strong>ua a essere connaturato al<br />

proprio st<strong>il</strong>e <strong>di</strong> impresa l’obiettivo <strong>di</strong> fornire un mo<strong>del</strong>lo <strong>di</strong><br />

lettura trasparente <strong>del</strong> proprio modo <strong>di</strong> operare sui fronti<br />

<strong>del</strong>la scienza, <strong>del</strong>la tecnologia e <strong>del</strong> mercato. Presentare <strong>in</strong><br />

modo articolato e rigoroso <strong>il</strong> bagaglio <strong>del</strong>le conoscenze legate<br />

agli idrocarburi e all’energia costituisce una ulteriore manifestazione<br />

<strong>del</strong>la politica <strong>del</strong>l’<strong>Eni</strong> <strong>di</strong> <strong>di</strong>ffusione <strong>del</strong>la cultura<br />

e <strong>del</strong>la conoscenza connessa con <strong>il</strong> successo economico. Se<br />

da un lato <strong>in</strong>fatti ricerca e <strong>in</strong>novazione pervadono e sostengono<br />

tutte le attività <strong>in</strong>dustriali, dall’altro formazione e addestramento<br />

per la valorizzazione <strong>del</strong>le risorse umane <strong>in</strong>terne<br />

ed esterne costituiscono elementi <strong>in</strong><strong>di</strong>spensab<strong>il</strong>i perché l’impresa<br />

consegua pienamente la propria missione.<br />

L’<strong>in</strong>evitab<strong>il</strong>e evoluzione <strong>di</strong> impostazione <strong>del</strong>l’opera si coglie<br />

<strong>in</strong>vece nel fatto che concepire all’<strong>in</strong>izio <strong>del</strong> nuovo m<strong>il</strong>lennio<br />

un progetto <strong>di</strong> enciclope<strong>di</strong>a, per quanto settoriale, significa<br />

accettare la sfida <strong>di</strong> mettere a sistema contenuti e prospettive<br />

<strong>in</strong> rapi<strong>di</strong>ssimo cambiamento, confidando <strong>di</strong> raggiungere<br />

un obiettivo <strong>di</strong> completezza.<br />

Il progetto, certamente ambizioso, è stato affrontato non<br />

tanto operando – come <strong>in</strong> passato – per semplice accumula-<br />

zione <strong>di</strong> voci e concetti quanto attraverso una mappatura<br />

<strong>del</strong>le trasversalità e <strong>in</strong>terconnessioni <strong>di</strong> temi complessi, al<br />

cui <strong>in</strong>terno gran<strong>di</strong> s<strong>in</strong>tesi concettuali e tematiche organicamente<br />

collegate possono trovare la propria specifica decl<strong>in</strong>azione.<br />

Il tratto più <strong>in</strong>novativo <strong>del</strong>l’Enciclope<strong>di</strong>a degli Idrocarburi<br />

è la pervasività, <strong>in</strong> tutti i volumi e i capitoli <strong>in</strong> cui si articola<br />

l’opera, <strong>del</strong>la questione <strong>del</strong>la sostenib<strong>il</strong>ità ambientale. Lungi<br />

dall’essere una problematica separata e aggiuntiva, la tutela<br />

<strong>del</strong>la salute, <strong>del</strong>la sicurezza e <strong>del</strong>l’ambiente è considerata e<br />

trattata come una modalità <strong>in</strong>tr<strong>in</strong>seca <strong>del</strong> sapere e <strong>del</strong>l’operare<br />

<strong>del</strong>l’<strong>Eni</strong> <strong>in</strong> questo settore.<br />

Ciò a cui si mira è far emergere un corpus <strong>di</strong> saperi aggiornato<br />

e pienamente rappresentativo <strong>del</strong>la molteplice natura –<br />

tecnologica, <strong>in</strong>dustriale, economica e geopolitica – degli<br />

idrocarburi nel contesto <strong>del</strong>le nuove tematiche globali che<br />

<strong>in</strong>trecciano energia e ambiente e che sono dest<strong>in</strong>ate a <strong>in</strong>fluenzare<br />

<strong>in</strong> maniera sempre più ra<strong>di</strong>cale lo sv<strong>il</strong>uppo <strong>del</strong> settore,<br />

dei sistemi produttivi, <strong>del</strong>le economie e <strong>del</strong>le società<br />

nelle <strong>di</strong>verse aree <strong>del</strong> mondo.<br />

Questo sapere è offerto a tutti i soggetti <strong>in</strong>teressati, sia nel<br />

campo specifico, sia nella società, perché ne possano trarre<br />

<strong>in</strong>formazioni, conoscenza, spunti <strong>di</strong> riflessione e <strong>di</strong> consapevolezza.<br />

Roberto Poli e Paolo Scaroni sono rispettivamente Presidente e<br />

Amm<strong>in</strong>istratore Delegato <strong>di</strong> <strong>Eni</strong>.<br />

gas <strong>in</strong>dustry w<strong>il</strong>l be dom<strong>in</strong>ated by two<br />

elements: the first, tra<strong>di</strong>tional one is<br />

the supply of <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>g quantities of<br />

hydrocarbons on the market; the<br />

second, new one is operat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> l<strong>in</strong>e<br />

with the strong demand for<br />

environmental quality.<br />

Converg<strong>in</strong>g on this objective are<br />

various factors: the ra<strong>di</strong>cal progress of<br />

science and rapid technological<br />

<strong>in</strong>novation, the spread of computer and<br />

communication technology, and<br />

alternative energy sources com<strong>in</strong>g onto<br />

the scene, above all because of the<br />

need and urgency to achieve a high<br />

level of environmental compatib<strong>il</strong>ity.<br />

Alongside these strongly <strong>in</strong>novative<br />

elements, the <strong>in</strong>ternational energy<br />

scenario is witness<strong>in</strong>g the reemergence<br />

of fears and unresolved<br />

problems that have accompanied the<br />

entire history of the o<strong>il</strong> <strong>in</strong>dustry. Such<br />

fears and unresolved problems<br />

generate attitudes and reactions of<br />

pure conservation, which can obscure<br />

both our understand<strong>in</strong>g of what is new<br />

and the development of such<br />

opportunities.<br />

This is the case of fears that resources<br />

w<strong>il</strong>l become exhausted; of the return by<br />

some States to the search for energy<br />

self-sufficiency; of the crucial role<br />

played by o<strong>il</strong>, regard<strong>in</strong>g both the<br />

aspirations and the <strong>in</strong>stab<strong>il</strong>ity <strong>in</strong> vast<br />

regions of our planet.<br />

In the cultural debate, public policies and company choices,<br />

the overlapp<strong>in</strong>g of old and new runs the risk of hamper<strong>in</strong>g a<br />

clear assessment of opportunities. This can slow down the<br />

capacity to provide positive responses to the demand for<br />

energy, as occurs <strong>in</strong> this century <strong>in</strong> terms of geographical<br />

orig<strong>in</strong>, quantity and quality.<br />

The companies, <strong>in</strong> particular, f<strong>in</strong>d themselves fac<strong>in</strong>g a<br />

situation <strong>in</strong> which several factors co-exist and <strong>in</strong>fluence each<br />

other: the scarcity of sound <strong>in</strong>vestment opportunities <strong>in</strong> the<br />

upstream, the uncerta<strong>in</strong> nature of the scenarios, strong<br />

competitiveness <strong>in</strong> every sector of the o<strong>il</strong> and gas <strong>in</strong>dustry,<br />

market deregulation processes and <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>g environmental<br />

regulation.<br />

To meet these challenges, it is necessary to reth<strong>in</strong>k<br />

strategies and new ways of generat<strong>in</strong>g value <strong>in</strong> a sector <strong>in</strong><br />

which – more than <strong>in</strong> any other bus<strong>in</strong>ess – the tra<strong>di</strong>tional<br />

d<strong>il</strong>emma between growth and profitab<strong>il</strong>ity is made more<br />

critical, to a greater extent today than <strong>in</strong> the century that has<br />

just ended, by the <strong>in</strong>tensity of capital required for new<br />

<strong>in</strong>vestments and by the duration of the projects.<br />

It is equally important that these strategic themes and<br />

d<strong>il</strong>emmas should be the primary reflections of public decisionmakers,<br />

f<strong>in</strong>ancial <strong>in</strong>stitutions and social organizations on the<br />

basis of a shared culture, an ensemble of updated, serious<br />

and exhaustive elements of <strong>in</strong>formation, tak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>to account<br />

the new <strong>in</strong>terrelations that are emerg<strong>in</strong>g between energy,<br />

development and environment. For this reason <strong>Eni</strong> has<br />

promoted this new Encyclopae<strong>di</strong>a of Hydrocarbons, to offer a<br />

wide-rang<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>ternational public all the elements of<br />

knowledge essential for understand<strong>in</strong>g the potential and<br />

challenges of a sector that is decisive for the balanced<br />

development of our economies and of our societies.<br />

With this cultural <strong>in</strong>itiative <strong>Eni</strong> has taken up a position both of<br />

cont<strong>in</strong>uity, with the <strong>in</strong>tuition and the publish<strong>in</strong>g work promoted<br />

by Enrico Mattei, and of renewed perspectives.<br />

In l<strong>in</strong>e with the past, <strong>Eni</strong>’s priority today is to stay <strong>in</strong> touch<br />

with all external <strong>in</strong>stitutions and people, that derive services,<br />

products and wealth from <strong>Eni</strong>’s work, but also op<strong>in</strong>ions,<br />

stimuli and reactions <strong>in</strong> their capacity as citizens and<br />

communities.<br />

At the same time, the objective of provid<strong>in</strong>g a transparent<br />

mo<strong>del</strong> of operat<strong>in</strong>g on the scientific, technological and market<br />

fronts, cont<strong>in</strong>ues to be part and parcel of <strong>Eni</strong>’s bus<strong>in</strong>ess<br />

style. Present<strong>in</strong>g its wealth of knowledge l<strong>in</strong>ked with<br />

hydrocarbons and energy <strong>in</strong> an articulate, rigorous manner is<br />

a further manifestation of <strong>Eni</strong>’s policy of <strong>di</strong>ssem<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g culture<br />

and knowledge bound up with its economic success. Wh<strong>il</strong>e,<br />

on the one hand, research and <strong>in</strong>novation pervade and<br />

susta<strong>in</strong> all <strong>in</strong>dustrial activities, on the other hand, coach<strong>in</strong>g<br />

and tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g to maximize its <strong>in</strong>ternal and external human<br />

resources are <strong>in</strong><strong>di</strong>spensable elements for the company to fully<br />

accomplish its mission.<br />

The <strong>in</strong>evitable evolution of <strong>Eni</strong>’s approach and method <strong>in</strong><br />

writ<strong>in</strong>g this work is observed <strong>in</strong> the fact that, at the beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g<br />

of the new m<strong>il</strong>lennium, the conception of an encyclopae<strong>di</strong>a<br />

project, albeit of a sectoral nature, enta<strong>il</strong>s tak<strong>in</strong>g on the<br />

challenge of systemiz<strong>in</strong>g contents and prospects that are <strong>in</strong> a<br />

state of very rapid change, trust<strong>in</strong>g that its objective of<br />

completeness is achieved.<br />

The project, surely an ambitious one, has been tackled not<br />

simply by putt<strong>in</strong>g together – as <strong>in</strong> the past – an accumulation<br />

of ideas and concepts, but rather by mapp<strong>in</strong>g out the<br />

transversal nature and <strong>in</strong>terl<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g of complex themes, with<strong>in</strong><br />

which great conceptual syntheses and organically connected<br />

subjects can f<strong>in</strong>d their own specific exposition.<br />

The most <strong>in</strong>novative feature of the Encyclopae<strong>di</strong>a of<br />

Hydrocarbons is the pervasive presence, <strong>in</strong> all the volumes<br />

and chapters, of the issue of environmental susta<strong>in</strong>ab<strong>il</strong>ity. Far<br />

from be<strong>in</strong>g considered as a separate, ad<strong>di</strong>tional problem, the<br />

safeguard<strong>in</strong>g of health, safety and the environment is<br />

regarded and treated as an <strong>in</strong>tr<strong>in</strong>sic way of understand<strong>in</strong>g and<br />

operat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this sector by <strong>Eni</strong>.<br />

The aim is to comp<strong>il</strong>e a body of up-to-date knowledge fully<br />

representative of the manifold nature – technological,<br />

<strong>in</strong>dustrial, economic and geopolitical – of hydrocarbons with<strong>in</strong><br />

the context of the new global themes <strong>in</strong> which energy and the<br />

environment are <strong>in</strong>terwoven, and which are bound to <strong>in</strong>fluence<br />

ever more ra<strong>di</strong>cally the development of the sector, the<br />

systems of production, the economies and societies <strong>in</strong><br />

various areas of the world.<br />

This knowledge is offered to all those who are <strong>in</strong>terested,<br />

both <strong>in</strong> the specific field and <strong>in</strong> society at large, so that they<br />

may glean <strong>in</strong>formation, knowledge, and ideas for reflection<br />

and added awareness.<br />

Roberto Poli and Paolo Scaroni are respectively <strong>Eni</strong> Chairman and<br />

Chief Executive Officer.<br />

42 <strong>Eni</strong>’s Way<br />

<strong>Eni</strong>’s Way<br />

43

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