0 Cop CAPRI 25 - Caesar Augustus

0 Cop CAPRI 25 - Caesar Augustus 0 Cop CAPRI 25 - Caesar Augustus

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Un suggestivo panorama invernale che ricorda le tele dal cupo azzurro del pittore Karl W. Diefenbach. Sotto, una tavola tratta da “Flora Napolitana” di Michele Tenore raffigurante la “Lithodora rosmarinifolia”. A striking winter landscape reminiscent of the painter Karl W. Diefenbach’s canvases with their dark blue tones. Below, an illustration of Lithodora rosmarinifolia taken from Flora Napolitana by Michele Tenore. BLUE SYMPHONY by TULLIA RIZZOTTI The sea and sky are the same colour as the blue flower that symbolizes Capri By a strange coincidence, the blue island and German Romanticism are both symbolized by a blue flower. The perfect blaue Blume, celebrated by Novalis in his novel Heinrich von Ofterdingen, takes shape in the Lithodora rosmarinifolia, which even in the thick of winter adorns the island’s steepest cliffs with its cascading blue blossoms. It is extremely rare, yet this precious indigenous plant is so common on Capri that it has come to be known locally as the “Capri Blue”. In the novel by Novalis (whose real name was Friedrich von Hardenberg), the blue flower is first mentioned in a story told by a stranger to Heinrich; it then reappears in a dream in a scene of such extraordinary beauty that he is left with an aching nostalgia for the unknown woman’s face whose portrait had appeared in the garland of petals. The young woman actually existed: at the end of his adventurous, symbolic voyage, Heinrich recognizes her in Mathilde, (daughter of the old poet Klingsor), whom he eventually marries. Mathilde’s love and Klingsor’s wisdom awaken the poet in Heinrich. The storyline symbolizes the path of the poet’s inner growth that makes it possible for him to sense and sing the world’s ancient lost harmony. The novel contains all the elements most dear to Romantic literature: fantasy and dreams, understood as a reality “beyond” normal reality, love of nature, wanderlust, a yearning to see distant lands, and nostalgia for by-gone days and splendours. Indeed, the blue flower became a DA “FLORA ILLUSTRATA DI CAPRI” - ELECTA ED. symbol of Romanticism; one that is reached by a path that winds through daring journeys in the real world, but actually inside oneself, working through life’s experiences. Blue itself is a mystic colour: it is the colour of the sea and the sky, the infinite, of inner freedom and of universal love. The Winterinsel (the Winter Island) It was precisely this wanderlust, this desire to pursue dreams of eternal spring and mirages of ancient Greek and Roman culture that propelled a multitude of German travellers and artists throughout the nineteenth century to journey southwards, particularly in the winter. Capri was the perfect goal, with its dazzlingly blue and dreamy vistas and the timelessness of its remote areas, dotted with ancient ruins. In 1826, at the height of the Romantic period, two German painters – August Kopisch and Ernst Fries – “rediscovered” the Blue Grotto, which the islanders had always known and, since the seventeenth century, called the Gradola Grotta. The grotto’s fame spread quickly far and wide, bringing more tourism to the island. It is no surprise that exploration of the Grotto was enthusiastically backed by Giuseppe Pagano, a lawyer and the island’s first hotelier. His hotel, which opened in 1821 in a wing of his private home, became a legend: in the midst of an old orange grove, surrounded by gardens and vineyards, the Pagano Hotel was the perfect setting for the bohemian characters who sought it out and made it famous, sketching the garden’s evocative palm tree in works that are now housed in museums around the world. Capri was chosen as the “Montmartre” of the Mediterranean, site of a joyous return to nature, of a life en plein air. The walls and doors of the hotel doubled as canvases, adorned with portraits, caricatures, and bucolic landscapes – a precious legacy (and testimony of an epoch) of the brilliant and often penniless élite who gathered there in boisterous good spirits around the long dining room table. An equally high-spirited gathering place was the Zum Kater Hiddigeigei beer cellar, in the style of Munich and Dresden, also known as the Caffè Morgano after the family who opened it in 1885 and continued to manage it until 1923. Hiddigeigei was a friendly, lazy cat (Kater = male cat), subject of the paraphilosophic poem written by the painter/poet Victor von Scheffel, a guest in 1853 – where else? – at the Pagano Hotel. The colony of resident artists and the German families who annually “descended from the north” to celebrate New Year’s Eve transformed the island into a klein Deutschland, little Germany, up until the eve of the First World War; in fact, the ▼ 43

NATURA del popolo» (dall’autobiografia Confesso che ho vissuto, uscita postuma nel 1974). Nell’evoluzione del poeta, Heinrich reale dei nostri giorni, la missione irrinunciabile alla libertà non esclude l’anelito all’amore assoluto, che esiste ed ha un nome: curiosamente, Matilde. E, ancora più curiosamente, Neruda inserirà in una delle infinite poesie a lei dedicate, (Il tuo sorriso), questa strofa: «Amore, voglio il tuo riso come il fiore che attendevo, il fiore azzurro». Neruda sbarca a Capri con Matilde una notte, nella dimensione irreale del sogno, a gennaio, la stagione dei galoppi di nubi sui cieli tempestosi degli inquietanti quadri di Diefenbach. Ne apprezza tutta la bellezza inconsueta, visita con la compagna gli angoli più reconditi dell’isola, scoprendo una terra fuori dal quotidiano, avvolta da un’aura di vitalizzante sacralità che ricorderà nell’autobiografia come «l’ultimo santuario azzurro del Mediterraneo». Amante dei fiori (spesso aggiunge alle sue lettere il disegno di un fiore) ed appassionato na- turalista, a Capri Neruda confeziona erbari e colleziona semi; canta da poeta le cascate di Lithodora sulle rupi: «Il fiore azzurro esplode/ricamando il manto irsuto/col suo sangue celeste» (Chioma di Capri, dalla raccolta L’uva e il vento). Un’eco del “Blu di Capri” rivivrà in un altro fiore azzurro, spuntato questa volta sulle rive del Pacifico durante l’ultimo periodo di vita forzatamente lontano da Matilde, e cantato nell’Ode al fiore azzurro (Odi elementari, 1954) come «un piccolo stendardo/ di fuoco azzurro, di pace irresistibile, d’indomita purezza». Fino ad allora Neruda e la sua donna si erano inseguiti tra l’America e l’Europa in un amore dipanato tra separazioni troppo lunghe ed incontri troppo brevi. A Capri, ospiti in Casa Arturo generosamente messa a disposizione da Edwin Cerio, hanno finalmente la possibilità di vivere insieme giorni sereni e semplici, sia pure in un Paradiso a tempo, scandito dalla durata del permesso di soggiorno in Italia concesso a Neruda (fino al 30 giugno 1952). In Italia comincia una nuova vita luminosa e un nuovo corso poetico. Attraverso l’a- ▼ present-day Via Vittorio Emanuele was called Via Hohenzollern. The German years peaked in the early 1900s, the period of the tormented painter Karl W. Diefenbach, who produced huge, deep blue paintings now found in the Museo della Certosa on Capri, and of the steel magnate Alfred F. Krupp, patron in 1902 of the precipitous Via Krupp: another dive into the blue. The days of Neruda The German years came to an end, but the themes of love, land and seascapes, the search for one’s true self and artistic expression will always be part of Capri. In the winter of 1952, Neruda landed on the island – the Chilean poet in exile due to his passionate political commitment against dictatorship. His wanderlust began voluntarily, when he became a diplomat in order to escape from his narrow world. After he came out in favour of the Republic during the Spanish Civil War, events drove him back and forth frenetically between Europe and the Americas. His passion for learning transformed these outer voyages into an inner one into the depths of his soul and his Latin American roots, and thrust him into the world of poetry. Neruda recalled, “My poetry never refused anything it managed to pull into its path; it accepted passion, explored mystery, and opened the pass between the hearts of the people.” (from his autobiography Memories: I Confess that I have Lived, published posthumously in 1974.) In the evolution of the poet Neruda, a true Heinrich of our times, his mission-like search for freedom did not exclude a yearning for pure love, which existed in fact and had a name: curiously, that name was Matilde. And even more curiously, in one of the multitude of poems dedicated to her (“Your Laughter”), Neruda writes, “…love, I want your laughter like the flower I was waiting for, the blue flower.” Neruda arrived in Capri with Matilde at night, in the surreal dimension of dreams, in January, the season when clouds charge through stormy skies, as seen in the paintings of Diefenbach. Neruda appreciated M. MASTRORILLO - SIME/SIE ▼ Il più famoso dei blu di Capri è sicuramente quello della Grotta Azzurra. The most famous of the Capri blues is undoubtedly that of the Blue Grotto.

NATURA<br />

del popolo» (dall’autobiografia Confesso che<br />

ho vissuto, uscita postuma nel 1974). Nell’evoluzione<br />

del poeta, Heinrich reale dei<br />

nostri giorni, la missione irrinunciabile alla<br />

libertà non esclude l’anelito all’amore assoluto,<br />

che esiste ed ha un nome: curiosamente,<br />

Matilde. E, ancora più curiosamente,<br />

Neruda inserirà in una delle infinite<br />

poesie a lei dedicate, (Il tuo sorriso), questa<br />

strofa: «Amore, voglio il tuo riso come il<br />

fiore che attendevo, il fiore azzurro».<br />

Neruda sbarca a Capri con Matilde una<br />

notte, nella dimensione irreale del sogno,<br />

a gennaio, la stagione dei galoppi di<br />

nubi sui cieli tempestosi degli inquietanti<br />

quadri di Diefenbach. Ne apprezza<br />

tutta la bellezza inconsueta, visita con la<br />

compagna gli angoli più reconditi dell’isola,<br />

scoprendo una terra fuori dal quotidiano,<br />

avvolta da un’aura di vitalizzante<br />

sacralità che ricorderà nell’autobiografia<br />

come «l’ultimo santuario azzurro<br />

del Mediterraneo».<br />

Amante dei fiori (spesso aggiunge alle sue lettere<br />

il disegno di un fiore) ed appassionato na-<br />

turalista, a Capri Neruda confeziona erbari e<br />

colleziona semi; canta da poeta le cascate di<br />

Lithodora sulle rupi: «Il fiore azzurro esplode/ricamando<br />

il manto irsuto/col suo sangue<br />

celeste» (Chioma di Capri, dalla raccolta L’uva<br />

e il vento). Un’eco del “Blu di Capri” rivivrà in<br />

un altro fiore azzurro, spuntato questa volta<br />

sulle rive del Pacifico durante l’ultimo periodo<br />

di vita forzatamente lontano da Matilde, e<br />

cantato nell’Ode al fiore azzurro (Odi elementari,<br />

1954) come «un piccolo stendardo/ di<br />

fuoco azzurro, di pace irresistibile, d’indomita<br />

purezza».<br />

Fino ad allora Neruda e la sua donna si erano<br />

inseguiti tra l’America e l’Europa in un amore<br />

dipanato tra separazioni troppo lunghe ed<br />

incontri troppo brevi. A Capri, ospiti in Casa<br />

Arturo generosamente messa a disposizione<br />

da Edwin Cerio, hanno finalmente la possibilità<br />

di vivere insieme giorni sereni e semplici,<br />

sia pure in un Paradiso a tempo, scandito dalla<br />

durata del permesso di soggiorno in Italia<br />

concesso a Neruda (fino al 30 giugno 1952).<br />

In Italia comincia una nuova vita luminosa e<br />

un nuovo corso poetico. Attraverso l’a-<br />

▼<br />

present-day Via Vittorio Emanuele was<br />

called Via Hohenzollern. The German years<br />

peaked in the early 1900s, the period of the<br />

tormented painter Karl W. Diefenbach, who<br />

produced huge, deep blue paintings now<br />

found in the Museo della Certosa on Capri,<br />

and of the steel magnate Alfred F. Krupp,<br />

patron in 1902 of the precipitous Via Krupp:<br />

another dive into the blue.<br />

The days of Neruda<br />

The German years came to an end, but the<br />

themes of love, land and seascapes, the<br />

search for one’s true self and artistic<br />

expression will always be part of Capri. In<br />

the winter of 1952, Neruda landed on the<br />

island – the Chilean poet in exile due to his<br />

passionate political commitment against<br />

dictatorship. His wanderlust began<br />

voluntarily, when he became a diplomat in<br />

order to escape from his narrow world. After<br />

he came out in favour of the Republic during<br />

the Spanish Civil War, events drove him<br />

back and forth frenetically between Europe<br />

and the Americas. His passion for learning<br />

transformed these outer voyages into an<br />

inner one into the depths of his soul and his<br />

Latin American roots, and thrust him into the<br />

world of poetry. Neruda recalled, “My poetry<br />

never refused anything it managed to pull<br />

into its path; it accepted passion, explored<br />

mystery, and opened the pass between the<br />

hearts of the people.” (from his<br />

autobiography Memories: I Confess that I<br />

have Lived, published posthumously in<br />

1974.)<br />

In the evolution of the poet Neruda, a true<br />

Heinrich of our times, his mission-like search<br />

for freedom did not exclude a yearning for<br />

pure love, which existed in fact and had a<br />

name: curiously, that name was Matilde. And<br />

even more curiously, in<br />

one of the multitude of<br />

poems dedicated to her<br />

(“Your Laughter”), Neruda<br />

writes, “…love, I want<br />

your laughter like the<br />

flower I was waiting for,<br />

the blue flower.”<br />

Neruda arrived in Capri<br />

with Matilde at night, in<br />

the surreal dimension of<br />

dreams, in January, the<br />

season when clouds<br />

charge through stormy<br />

skies, as seen in the<br />

paintings of Diefenbach.<br />

Neruda appreciated<br />

M. MASTRORILLO - SIME/SIE<br />

▼<br />

Il più famoso dei blu di Capri è<br />

sicuramente quello<br />

della Grotta Azzurra.<br />

The most famous of the Capri<br />

blues is undoubtedly that<br />

of the Blue Grotto.

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