Life Cycle Assessment di sistemi per le auto elettriche - Enea

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Scheda N.8 1. Prodotto: Batteria agli ioni di litio 2. Autori e riferimenti bibliografici: Susan M. Schexnayder, Sujit Das, Rajive Dhingra, Jonathan G. Overly, Bruce E. Tonn, Jean H. Peretz, Greg Waidley, Gary A. Davis, Environmental evaluation of new generation vehicles and vehicle components, 2001, ORNL/TM-2001-266, available on: http://www-cta.ornl.gov/cta/Publications/Reports/ORNL_TM_2001_266.pdf 3. Caratteristiche del prodotto Peso: 40 kg Vita utile (anni): 3 4. Metadati Unità funzionale (U.F.): 1 batteria Confini del sistema: estrazione delle materie prime, produzione e assemblaggio dei componenti della batteria, uso. Regole di cut-off: il processo di riciclo della batteria a fine vita non è stato incluso nell’analisi. Regole di allocazione: - Qualità dei dati: I dati relativi all’intero ciclo di vita esaminato sono stati reperiti in letteratura, ad eccezione dei dati relativi al processo di produzione di alcuni componenti del circuito elettrico. 5. Analisi di Inventario Emissioni relative alla fase d’uso CH4: 0,15 lbs/vita utile CO: 9,34 lbs/vita utile CO2: 1.231,1 lbs/vita utile NOx: 0,19 lbs/vita utile PM: 0,09 lbs/vita utile 6. Impatti energetici ed ambientali Metodo di valutazione dell’impatto utilizzato: - Indici di impatto Totale Uso di risorse non rinnovabili 1.735,48 [lbs] Uso di risorse rinnovabili 34.657,78 [lbs] Consumo di energia 21,47 [MMBTUs] Effetto serra potenziale 3.570,21 [lbs CO2eq] Distruzione dell’ozono stratosferico 0,00025 [lbs CFC11eq] Acidificazione 19,82 [lbs SO2eq] Formazione di smog 0,67 [lbs C2H4eq] 49
Particolato 6,57 [lbs PM] Eutrofizzazione 0,08 [lbs PO4 3- eq] Qualità dell’acqua – BOD 0,34 [lbs BOD] Qualità dell’acqua - TSS 1,72 [lbs TSS] Uso del suolo in discarica per rifiuti solidi 21,68 [ft 3 ] Uso del suolo in discarica per rifiuti pericolosi 0,11 [ft 3 ] Informazioni dettagliate sullo studio sono riportate su: http://www-cta.ornl.gov/cta/Publications/Reports/ORNL_TM_2001_266.pdf 50
Page 1 and 2: Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecn
Page 3 and 4: Inquadramento programmatico Il Pres
Page 5 and 6: 1. Scopo del documento Il documento
Page 7 and 8: Per quel che riguarda invece le reg
Page 9 and 10: Gli studi esaminati risultano purtr
Page 11 and 12: Figura 1: Batterie prodotte da Hipo
Page 13 and 14: N.4 Celle BMS Elettricità Produzio
Page 15 and 16: I data sets primari costituiranno u
Page 17 and 18: Litio ferro fosfato vedi Tabella 6
Page 19 and 20: 5. Organizzazione dei data sets pri
Page 21 and 22: 6. Valutazione degli impatti Il pro
Page 23 and 24: Tabella 11: Consumo di energia prim
Page 25 and 26: Tabella 13: Consumo di energia prim
Page 27 and 28: 7. Interpretazione dei risultati I
Page 29 and 30: 9. Bibliografia Boureima Fayçal-Si
Page 31 and 32: Allegato 1 Schede dei dati raccolti
Page 33 and 34: - Uso; - Fine vita. 32
Page 35 and 36: 4. Metadati Unità funzionale (U.F.
Page 37 and 38: Scheda N.2 1. Prodotto: Batteria al
Page 39 and 40: Esaurimento di metalli (MDP) 0,85 [
Page 41: di cut-off basato su una combinazio
Page 44 and 45: Figura D: Confini del sistema Regol
Page 46 and 47: Scheda N.5 1. Prodotto: 1) Batteria
Page 48 and 49: Consumo di energia primaria (senza
Page 52 and 53: Scheda N.9 1. Prodotto: Batteria ag
Page 54 and 55: Polipropilene:9 Polietilene:9 Parti
Page 56 and 57: Scheda N.10 1. Prodotto: Veicolo el
Page 59 and 60: WTT: well-to-tank (impatti dal pozz
Page 61 and 62: 2. Quale è la provenienza della ma
Page 63 and 64: Elenco dei macchinari utilizzati, d
Page 65 and 66: Qual è la potenza dei macchinari i
Page 67 and 68: 1. Quale è il consumo della materi
Page 69 and 70: (2) kg/a 2.2 Qual è la produzione
Page 71 and 72: QUESTIONNAIRE TO COLLECT DATA RELAT
Page 73 and 74: Annual electricity consumption for
Page 75: SALE OF THE PRODUCT 1 Percentage (%
Page 78 and 79: Copper, 0.99% in sulfide, Cu 0.36%
Page 80 and 81: TiO2, 54% in ilmenite, 2.6% in crud
Page 82 and 83: Transformation, to dump site, inert
Page 84 and 85: Formaldehyde Emission to air Furan
Page 86 and 87: 1-Butanol Emission to air high. pop
Page 88 and 89: Ethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifl
Page 90 and 91: Ozone Emission to air high. pop. µ
Page 92 and 93: Antimony Emission to air low. pop.
Page 94 and 95: Iodine-135 Emission to air low. pop
Page 96 and 97: Thorium Emission to air low. pop.
Page 98 and 99: Carbon dioxide, fossil Emission to
Page 100 and 101:
Solved solids Emission to water Str
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BOD5, Biological Oxygen Demand Emis
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Chlorinated solvents, unspecified E
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2-Methyl-1-propanol Emission to wat
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Dimethylamine Emission to water riv
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Propylamine Emission to water river
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Oils, unspecified Emission to soil
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Magnesium Emission to soil industri
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Dolomite, in ground Resource in gro
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Volume occupied, final repository f
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Transformation, to forest, intensiv
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Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, u
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2-Aminopropanol Emission to air hig
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Ethene, chloro- Emission to air hig
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Pentane Emission to air high. pop.
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Barium Emission to air low. pop. mg
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Krypton-87 Emission to air low. pop
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Tin Emission to air low. pop. mg 22
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Ethylene oxide Emission to air stra
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Thallium Emission to water Tin, ion
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Chloride Emission to water groundwa
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Cyanide Emission to water ocean mg
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Acetaldehyde Emission to water rive
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Ethene Emission to water river mg 3
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Radium-224 Emission to water river
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Aldrin Emission to soil agricultura
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Silicon Emission to soil industrial
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Dolomite, in ground Resource in gro
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Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, u
Page 162 and 163:
2-Aminopropanol Emission to air hig
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Ethene, chloro- Emission to air hig
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Pentane Emission to air high. pop.
Page 168 and 169:
Barium Emission to air low. pop. mg
Page 170 and 171:
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Tin Emission to air low. pop. mg 36
Page 174 and 175:
Ethylene oxide Emission to air stra
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Thallium Emission to water Tin, ion
Page 178 and 179:
Chloride Emission to water groundwa
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Cyanide Emission to water ocean g 1
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Acetaldehyde Emission to water rive
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Ethene Emission to water river mg 4
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
Aldrin Emission to soil agricultura
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Silicon Emission to soil industrial
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Feldspar, in ground Resource in gro
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Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturate
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2-Butene, 2-methyl- Emission to air
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Ethene, tetrachloro- Emission to ai
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Phenol Emission to air high. pop.
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Barium-140 Emission to air low. pop
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Titanium Emission to air low. pop.
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Formaldehyde Emission to air strato
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Titanium, ion Emission to water TOC
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Cobalt Emission to water groundwate
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Fluoride Emission to water ocean mg
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Acetone Emission to water river ng
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Ethyl acetate Emission to water riv
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Page 226 and 227:
Antimony Emission to soil agricultu
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Strontium Emission to soil industri
Page 230 and 231:
Feldspar, in ground Resource in gro
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturate
Page 238 and 239:
2-Butene, 2-methyl- Emission to air
Page 240 and 241:
Ethene, tetrachloro- Emission to ai
Page 242 and 243:
Phenol Emission to air high. pop.
Page 244 and 245:
Barium-140 Emission to air low. pop
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Titanium Emission to air low. pop.
Page 250 and 251:
Formaldehyde Emission to air strato
Page 252 and 253:
Titanium, ion Emission to water TOC
Page 254 and 255:
Cobalt Emission to water groundwate
Page 256 and 257:
Fluoride Emission to water ocean mg
Page 258 and 259:
Acetone Emission to water river ng
Page 260 and 261:
Ethyl acetate Emission to water riv
Page 262 and 263:
Page 264 and 265:
Antimony Emission to soil agricultu
Page 266 and 267:
Strontium Emission to soil industri
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Life Cycle Assessment di sistemi per le auto elettriche - Enea

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