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From Static Conservation to Dynamic<br />

Displays: Interactive Exhibitions in Museum<br />

Culture<br />

zinaida svestelnik, Politecnico di Milano<br />

Introduction<br />

Visitors come to museums in search of things; they are looking for<br />

real objects, pieces of art, and etc. The object conventionally occupies<br />

the most significant part in exhibition design in museums<br />

environment. Exhibition design can be compared to information<br />

environment for the object. This media (ICT - Information Communication<br />

Technology) has a supportive function: it transmits<br />

information to visitors. Currently, interaction is one of the most<br />

expressive, spectacular, and successful tools to develop exhibition<br />

design.<br />

One can ask “Why do we use ICT in a museum?” The answer is<br />

obvious - we believe that technologies are able to support learning<br />

and engagement with museums’ objects and artefacts.<br />

Evidently, collaboration between ICT and different types of museums<br />

are not the same. Technological approach or media programs<br />

that could be effectively used in the exhibition depend on<br />

“the learning object” which is often specific to type of the museum.<br />

Historical museums invite visitors inside their walls to learn “the<br />

cultivation of cultural, national, and personal identity”. Art museums<br />

are available to visitors with “perceptual and affective theories<br />

of learning (that) are intertwined with long traditions in aesthetics”<br />

(Palmyre, 2007). Science museums and scientific centres provide<br />

learning concentrating on relatively abstract scientific principles<br />

(MacDonald, 1998).<br />

The conceptual way of using Information Communication Technology<br />

is various in different types of museums. Although “the<br />

technology is / should be seamless, providing a convenient means<br />

of serving an idea... attributes of convenience and of transparency<br />

are essential” (Thomas, 1998). However, in science museums technologies<br />

are usually embedded, integrated with the exhibited objects<br />

or exhibition in general. In the art museums technologies are<br />

separated from the exhibits and occur like, for instance, multimedia<br />

103

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