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Riconquistare il paesaggio less than 5% and the extent of habitat conversion exceeds that of habitat protection by a factor which is greater than 8 (Hoekstra et al. 2005). In comparison, the extent of habitat conversion exceeds that of habitat protection by a factor of 4 in temperate broadleaf and mixed forests, tropical dry forests, and tropical conifer forests, usually considered among the most endangered ecosystems in the world (Myers et al. 2000). However, despite their importance, protected areas cannot be the only conservation tool used in regions of high human densities (Tilman et al. 1994; Carroll et al. 2003). Our results suggest that a comprehensive management plan to take into account biodiversity conservation in the little remaining natural matrix of the Mediterranean coastal areas is urgently needed to complement the function of the protected areas. Moreover, much more emphasis should be placed on preserving and reintroducing traditional land use management activities, because the Mediterranean landscape and its biotic assemblages have developed as a consequence of past (and now disappearing) human activities. Future conservation efforts should address the broad socio-political and ecological processes that are most likely to occur across the whole hotspot, especially along coastal areas, and the network of protected areas should be functionally integrated in a conservation strategy that explicitly includes the human dominated matrix and the traditional land-use practices. In this context, analysis of land-use/land-cover changes within the various macro-regions provide significant support to conservation planning by producing accurate information regarding local threats and costs of action. Acknowledgements This work is mainly based on a series of analyses presented in Falcucci A., Maiorano L. and Boitani L. 2007: Changes in land-use/land-cover patterns in Italy and their implications for biodiversity conservation. Landscape Ecology 22:617-631. A.F. and L.M. were supported by the Directorate for Nature Conservation (Italian Ministry of the Environment). Jianguo Wu, James Wickham, A. Montemaggiori, C. Rondinini, V. Salvatori, and I. Sinibaldi provided valuable comments and contributions. References Ales R.F., Martin A., Ortega F. & Ales E.E., 1992 – Recent changes in landscape structure and function in a Mediterranean region of SW Spain (1950-1984). Landscape Ecol. 7:3-18. Alkorta I., Albizu I. & Garbisu C., 2003 – Biodiversity and agroecosystems. Biodivers. Conserv. 12:2521-2522. Balletto E. & Casale A., 1991 – Mediterranean insects conservation. In Collins N.M. & Thomas J.A. (Eds), The conservation of insects and their habitat: 122-142. Academic Press, London, UK. Benton T.G., Vickery J.A. & Wilson J.D., 2003 – Farmland biodiversity: is habitat heterogeneity the key? Trends Ecol. Evol. 18:182-188. Blondel J. & Farré H., 1988 – The convergent trajectories of bird communities along ecological successions in European forests. Oecologia 75:83-93. Blondel J. & Aronson J., 1999 – Biology and wildlife of the Mediterranean region. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. Boitani L. & Ciucci P., 2000 – Action plan for the conservation and management of the wolf in the Alps. WWF, Rome, Italy. Boitani L., Lovari S. & Vigna-Taglianti A., 2003 – Fauna d’Italia. Mammalia III – Carnivora and Artiodactyla. Calderini, Bologna, Italy. Brooks T.M., Mittermeier R.A., Mittermeier C.G., da Fonseca G.A.B., Rylands A.B., Konstant W.R., Flick P., Pilgrim J., Oldifeld S., Magin G. & Hilton-Taylor C., 2002 – Habitat loss and extinction in the hotspots of biodiversity. Conserv. Biol. 16:909- 923. Brotons L., Mañosa S. & Estrada J., 2004 – Modeling the effects of irrigation schemes on the distribution of steppe birds in Mediterranean farmland. Biodiv. Conserv. 13:1039-1058. Brown D.G., Johnson K.M., Loveland T.R. & Theobald D.M., 2005 – Rural land-use trends in the conterminous United States, 1950-2000. Ecol. Appl. 15:1851-1863. Carroll C., Noss R.F., Paquet P.C. & Schumaker N., 2003 – Extinction debt of protected areas in developing landscapes. Conserv. Biol. 18:1110-1120. 185
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RICONQUISTARE IL PAESAGGIO La Conve
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A cura di: Corrado Teofili e Rosa C
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Sommario Presentazione, di Enzo Ven
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Presentazione di Enzo Venini Presid
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Riconquistare il paesaggio diversi
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14 NOTA DEI CURATORI gi uno dei pi
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16 NOTA DEI CURATORI mente in “se
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18 INTRODUZIONE Ma ora, all’inizi
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20 INTRODUZIONE I tecnici dell’Is
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22 INTRODUZIONE delle falesie a str
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24 INTRODUZIONE tro di ricerche eco
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26 INTRODUZIONE Bibliografia Gianfr
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28 CAPITOLO 1 - La Convenzione Euro
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366 Makhzoumi, J. and Pungetti G.,
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La Convenzione Europea sul Paesaggi
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