kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
(mamakacuri) kulturebisaTvis <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia mamakacisa <strong>da</strong> qalis socialuri<br />
rolebis mkveTri gamijnva; normirebulia mamakacuri <strong>da</strong> qaluri profesiebi <strong>da</strong><br />
saqmianobis sferoebi; qalis cxovreba ufro mkacra<strong>da</strong>a reglamentirebuli, vidre<br />
mamakacis, <strong>da</strong> wesis <strong>da</strong>rRvevisaTvis mas mamakacze ufro mZime sasjeli elis;<br />
sazogadoebas msWvalavs mamakacuri faseulobani, fasobs yvelaferi didi, masStaburi<br />
<strong>da</strong> Zlieri; warmatebis demonstrireba karg tonad miiCneva; azrovneba racionalurobisaken<br />
iswrafvis. feminur kulturebSi pirveladia is faseulobani, romlebic,<br />
tradiciulad, qalis rols ukavSirdeba: Tavm<strong>da</strong>bloba; kom<strong>for</strong>ti <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>culoba;<br />
sxvebze _ gansakuTrebiT, sustebze _ zrunva; orientacia urTierTobebze <strong>da</strong> ara<br />
saqmeze; lamazad miiCneva ara `yvelaze didi~, aramed patara <strong>da</strong> koxta; mniSvnelovania<br />
romelime jgufisadmi kuTvnileba; azrovneba intuitiurisaken ixreba. g.hofstedes<br />
mier Catarebuli gamokvlevebiT, Tanamedrove ganviTarebul kulturebSi maskulinobis<br />
maRali xarisxiT gamoirCeva iaponia, romelsac mosdevs germanulenovani<br />
kulturebi. feminurobis maCvenebliT pirveloben skandinaviis qveynebi <strong>da</strong> holandia 1 .<br />
Tumca miCneulia, rom maskulinoba-feminurobis done <strong>kultura</strong>Si met-naklebad myaria,<br />
igi mainc SeiZleba Seicvalos konkretuli socialur-politikuri garemoebebis<br />
zegavleniT. magaliTad, omebi, politikuri krizisebi <strong>da</strong> msgavsi movlenebi gmirebis<br />
moTxovnilebas badebs <strong>da</strong> maskulinobis Rirebulebas zrdis 2 , magram Zneli saTqmelia,<br />
ramdenad myaria aseTi koniunqturiT gamowveuli cvlileba <strong>da</strong>, saerTod, cvlis Tu ara<br />
igi kulturis maskulinur Tu feminur xasiaTs.<br />
maskulinuri <strong>da</strong> feminuri kulturebis gar<strong>da</strong>, arsebobs Sereuli tipis kulturebi.<br />
g.niJaraZis azriT, qarTuli <strong>kultura</strong> swored am ukanasknelTa ricxvs ganekuTvneba.<br />
masSi Tanaarseboben maskulinuri <strong>da</strong> feminuri niSnebi, romelTa ucnaur kombinacias<br />
ganapirobebs Cveni kulturis erTgvari infantilizmi.<br />
fsiqologTa interesis sferos scildeba imis kvleva, ganviTarebis romeli<br />
etapi<strong>da</strong>n iCens Tavs es infantilizmi, bavSvuroba, survili _ <strong>da</strong>vrCeT bavSvad, romelsac<br />
mudmivad sWirdeba de<strong>da</strong>. saerTod, es (<strong>da</strong> sxva) kulturuli ganzomilebebi<br />
istoriul WrilSi aravis ukvlevia. aseTi samuSaos Catarebas, albaT, istorikosTa <strong>da</strong><br />
fsiqologTa erToblivi Sroma <strong>da</strong>sWirdeba, romelTagan pirvelebis mier moZiebul<br />
faqtebsa Tu movlenebs (miRebuls ara mxolod istoriul xdomilebaTa qronologiuri<br />
rigis gaxsenebiT, aramed saistorio wyaroTa analizis <strong>da</strong> sxva monacemebis Sejerebis<br />
gziTac) meoreni kulturis fsiqologiuri kvlevis meTodebis momarjvebiT<br />
gaiazreben.<br />
jerjerobiT ki, fsiqologTa mier mxolod is aRiniSneba, rom `sazogadoeba an<br />
maskulinuri un<strong>da</strong> iyos, an feminuri; infantilur sazogadoebas mxolod <strong>da</strong>qvemdebarebuli<br />
qveynis statusiT SeuZlia arseboba~, aqe<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinareobs <strong>da</strong>skvna, rom<br />
Cveni sazogadoeba am TvalsazrisiTac un<strong>da</strong> Camoyalibdes, anu gansazRvros sakuTari<br />
saxe. magram aq Ria rCeba sakiTxi: ramdenad cnobieria kulturuli ganzomilebebis<br />
Camoyalibebis procesi, ramdenad SesaZlebelia am procesebis mizanmimarTuli marTva?<br />
rac Seexeba individualizmi-koleqtivizmisa <strong>da</strong> maskulinoba-feminurobis<br />
maxasiaTebelTa urTierTmimarTebas, literaturaSi gavrcelebuli Tvalsazrisis<br />
sapirispirod, g.hofstede aRniSnav<strong>da</strong> maskulinobis individualizmTan, xolo femi-<br />
1 g.niJaraZe saintereso garemoebaze miuTiTebs: skandinaviis qveynebis mosaxleobis didi nawili,<br />
ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d, mrisxane vikingebis STamomavlebi arian (ix.: niJaraZe g. qarTuli <strong>kultura</strong>..., gv. 80).<br />
rogorc Cans, maskulinoba-feminobis xarisxi pir<strong>da</strong>pir kavSirSi ar aris cxovrebis wesTan, an kidev<br />
simyariT ar xasiaTdeba <strong>da</strong> Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT advilad eqvemdebareba cvlilebas.<br />
2 surmaniZe l. <strong>da</strong>sax. naSr., gv. 85.<br />
98
Change language