kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
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meqisaken pirSeqceuli aRavlenen, bombs amzadebdnen amerikuli samgzavro<br />
TviTmfrinavis asafeTqeblad. 1970-ian <strong>da</strong> 1980-ian wlebSi amerikelebi yovelgvari<br />
`iaponizirebis~ gareSe moixmardnen milionobiT iaponur manqanas, televizors,<br />
kameras <strong>da</strong> eleqtronul xelsawyos, metic _ es yvelaferi iaponiisadmi antagonisturi<br />
<strong>da</strong>mokidebulebis fonze xdebo<strong>da</strong>. mxolod gulubryvilo ampartavnoba Tu<br />
afiqrebinebs <strong>da</strong>savlelebs, rom ara<strong>da</strong>savlelebi `vesternizdebian~ <strong>da</strong>savluri<br />
saqonlis SeZenis Sedegad. marTlac<strong>da</strong> sasaciloa, rodesac <strong>da</strong>savlelebi TavianT<br />
civilizacias aigiveben SuSxuna sasmelebTan, gaxunebul jinsebTan <strong>da</strong> sendviCTan.<br />
universaluri popularuli kulturis ufro <strong>da</strong>xvewili versia yuradRebas<br />
amaxvilebas ara samomxmareblo saqonelze, ara koka-kolaze, aramed mediasa <strong>da</strong><br />
holivudze. amerikis gavlena msoflio kinoze, televiziasa <strong>da</strong> konoproduqciaze<br />
aRemateba kidec amerikis poziciebs saaviacio mrewvelobaSi. 1993 wlis monacemebis<br />
mixedviT, 100 yvelaze popularuli filmi<strong>da</strong>n 88 amerikuli iyo. ori amerikuli <strong>da</strong> ori<br />
evropuli organizacia dominirebs globaluri masStabiT axali ambebis mopovebasa <strong>da</strong><br />
gavrcelebaSi. aq erTmaneTisgan un<strong>da</strong> gavmijnoT ori movlena. pirveli _ esaa<br />
sayovelTao moTxovnileba produqciaze, romelic <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia siyvarulTan,<br />
seqsTan, ZaladobasTan, idumal ambebTan, gmirobasTan, simdiresTan; agreTve mogebaze<br />
orientirebuli kompaniebis (pirvel rigSi, amerikuli) unari _ gamoiyenon es<br />
moTxovnileba sakuTari interesebis Sesabamisad. Zalian cotaa an saerTod ar arsebobs<br />
argumenti imis sasargeblod, rom vifiqroT, TiTqos globaluri komunikaciis<br />
saSualebaTa gasayovelTaoebas gamoewvios mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi a<strong>da</strong>mianTa<br />
warmodgenebsa <strong>da</strong> rwmenaSi. `garToba~, ambob<strong>da</strong> maikl vlaxosi, `sulac ar niSnavs<br />
kulturuli saxis Secvlas.~ meore: a<strong>da</strong>mianebi siaxleebs aRiqvamen imTaviTve<br />
gansazRvruli Rirebulebebis <strong>da</strong> Tvalsawieris pozicii<strong>da</strong>n (e.i. Taviseburad). `erTi <strong>da</strong><br />
igive vizualuri gamosaxulebis gadmocema planetis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva kuTxeSi~, amtkicebs<br />
kiSore mahbubani, `sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvanair aRqmas iwvevs. <strong>da</strong>savleTSi aplodismentebiT<br />
Sexvdebian mfrinavi raketebiT baR<strong>da</strong>dis <strong>da</strong>bombvis kadrebs, xolo sxvebi <strong>da</strong>inaxaven,<br />
rom feradkaniani erayelebi <strong>da</strong> somalelebi, TeTrkaniani serbebisagan gansxvavebiT,<br />
ufro metad isjebian <strong>da</strong>savleTis mier — sagangaSo signalia yvela TvalsazrisiT.~<br />
globaluri kavSiris saSualebebi <strong>da</strong>savluri gavlenis yvelaze mniSvnelovani<br />
Tanamedrove gamoxatulebaa. Tumca, es ukanaskneli saSualebas aZlevs ara<strong>da</strong>savlur<br />
sazogadoebaTa populist politikosebs, lanZRon <strong>da</strong>savluri kulturuli<br />
imperializmi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>razmon TavianTi sazogadoebebi gaqrobis piras myofi sakuTari<br />
kulturebis erTianobis <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>rCenisaTvis. globalur komunikaciaTa<br />
sferoSi <strong>da</strong>savleTis gavlenis masStabebi <strong>da</strong>savleTisadmi ara<strong>da</strong>savlur sazogadoebaTa<br />
mtruli <strong>da</strong> uaryofiTi <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebis mTavar wyarod (mizezad) gvevlineba. metic,<br />
1990-iani wlebis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi ara<strong>da</strong>savlur sazogadoebaTa <strong>modernizacia</strong>m <strong>da</strong><br />
ekonomikurma ganviTarebam ganapiroba adgilobrivi <strong>da</strong> regionuli mediaindustriis<br />
gaCena, romlis muSaoba gaTvlili iyo iqauri sazogadoebebis gemovnebaze. magaliTad,<br />
1994 wels, CNN International <strong>da</strong>adgina, rom mas hyav<strong>da</strong> 55 milioniani potenciuri<br />
mayurebeli, anu msoflio mosaxleobis <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 1 procenti (saocaria, rom es<br />
raodenoba emTxveva `<strong>da</strong>vosis kulturis~ matarebeli xalxis raodenobas), misma<br />
prezidentma ki ganacxa<strong>da</strong>, rom inglisurenovanma ga<strong>da</strong>cemebma, sabolood, SeiZleba<br />
bazris mxolo 2-4 procenti Seadginos. maSasa<strong>da</strong>me, regionuli (e.i. civilizaciuri)<br />
telekompaniebi <strong>da</strong>iwyeben ga<strong>da</strong>cemebs espanurad, iaponurad, arabulad, frangulad<br />
(<strong>da</strong>savleT afrikisaTvis) <strong>da</strong> sxva enebze. `globalur re<strong>da</strong>qcias~, sami mkvlevris<br />
<strong>da</strong>skvniT, `kvlav ewinaaRmdegeba babilonis godoli~. ronald dors moyavs<br />
diplomatiur wreebsa <strong>da</strong> sazogado moRvaweebSi globaluri inteleqtualuri<br />
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