kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
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Tema I. ZiriTadi cnebebi <strong>da</strong> terminebi<br />
pirveli Tema eTmoba im ZiriTadi cnebebisa <strong>da</strong> terminebis ganmartebebs, romlebic<br />
kursis manZilze iqneba gamoyenebuli. am terminebiT operireba aucilebelia iseT<br />
sakiTxebze msjelobisas <strong>da</strong> im procesebis aRsawerad, romelic gar<strong>da</strong>uvalia sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva<br />
regionsa <strong>da</strong>, Sesabamisad, sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva kulturul sivrceSi modernizaciis procesis<br />
mimdinareobisas. es aris <strong>kultura</strong>Ta Soris kontaqtis problema _ misi sxvadsxvagvari<br />
gamovlineba (asimilacia, kulturuli Soki, konfrontacia, simbiozi, sinTezi, kulturuli<br />
konfliqti, kulturuli difuzia), tradiciis roli <strong>da</strong> adgili modernizaciis<br />
procesSi, tradiciisa <strong>da</strong> modernizaciis urTierTmimarTebis problema; identurobis<br />
problema ara<strong>da</strong>savlur kulturebSi mimdinare modernizaciuli gar<strong>da</strong>qmnebis<br />
pirobebSi <strong>da</strong> a.S.<br />
pirvel rigSi aucilebelia kulturisa <strong>da</strong> civilizaciis cnebaTa interpretaciis<br />
gadmocema, ramdena<strong>da</strong>c modernizaciuli procesebis warmoSoba <strong>da</strong> mimdinareoba or<br />
ZiriTad _ kulturul <strong>da</strong> civilizaciur _ doneze xdeba <strong>da</strong> am procesebis Seswavla <strong>da</strong><br />
analizi am ori fenomenis farglebSi <strong>da</strong> maT safuZvelze un<strong>da</strong> mimdinareobdes.<br />
kulturisa <strong>da</strong> civilizaciis cnebaTa interpretacia.<br />
kulturis fenomenze saubrisas yuradRebas gavamaxvilebT mis or aspeqtze:<br />
1. <strong>kultura</strong> _ rogorc kacobriobis universaluri maxasiaTebeli;<br />
2. <strong>kultura</strong> _ rogorc calkeul sazogadoebaTa Soris arsebuli gansxvavebebisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> mijnebis ZiriTadi safuZveli.<br />
pirveli maTgani gulisxmobs, rom <strong>kultura</strong> aris Homo sapiens-is, rogorc<br />
biologiuri saxeobisa <strong>da</strong> socialuri arsebis unikaluri unaris Sedegi. swored am<br />
niSniT gansxvavdeba es saxeoba yvela sxva biologiuri arsebisagan. a<strong>da</strong>mianSi<br />
genetikura<strong>da</strong>a (biologiura<strong>da</strong>a) determinirebuli potencia _ iyos kulturis<br />
Semoqmedi, kvlavmwarmoebeli <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>mcemi, magram am potenciis realizeba mxolod<br />
socialur garemoSia SesaZlebeli, rac aucilebel pirobad iTxovs kavSirs wina<br />
Taobebi<strong>da</strong>n gadmocemuli socialuri cxovrebis gamocdilebasTan <strong>da</strong> mTlianad<br />
<strong>da</strong>mokidebulia socializaciis procesze. rogorc r.benediqti aRniSnav<strong>da</strong>, `<strong>kultura</strong><br />
ar eZleva a<strong>da</strong>mians <strong>da</strong>badebi<strong>da</strong>n, ar aris Cadebuli Canasaxovan ujredebSi rogorc<br />
krazanebTan an WianWvelebTan, aramed aTvisebuli un<strong>da</strong> iqnes yoveli axali Taobis mier<br />
ufrosTagan Seswavlis gziT~ 1 . anTropolog e.hiobelis gansazRvrebiT, <strong>kultura</strong> aris<br />
`integrirebuli sistema qcevis Seswavlili modelebisa, romlebic <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia<br />
sazogadoebis wevrTaTvis <strong>da</strong> romlebic ar warmoadgenen biologiuri memkvidreobis<br />
Sedegs~ 2 .<br />
e.tailori, romelic kulturis cnebis pirveli mecnieruli gansazRvrebis<br />
avtora<strong>da</strong>a miCneuli, xazs usvams kulturis socialur bunebas. misi sityvebiT,<br />
`<strong>kultura</strong> Sedgeba codnis, rwmena-warmodgenebis, xelovnebis, zneobis, kanonebis, zne-<br />
Cveulebebisa <strong>da</strong> zogi sxva unar-Cvevisgan, romlebic SeZenilia a<strong>da</strong>mianis rogorc<br />
sazogadoebis wevris mier~ 3 .<br />
<strong>kultura</strong> SeiZleba miviCnioT aseve RirebulebaTa, qcevis normaTa <strong>da</strong> stan<strong>da</strong>rtTa<br />
erTobliobad, romelic aregulirebs a<strong>da</strong>mianTa urTierTobebs erTmaneTTan, sazogadoebasa<br />
<strong>da</strong> bunebasTan.<br />
1 kulturologia (kulturis istoria <strong>da</strong> Teoria). Tb., 2003. gv. 24.<br />
2 iqve, gv.22.<br />
3 iqve.<br />
4
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