kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
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XX saukunis manZilze iyo mcdelobebi _ SeeerTebinaT `<strong>da</strong>savluri teqnika <strong>da</strong><br />
aRmosavluri morali~, `muSaoba <strong>da</strong> locva~, mecniereba <strong>da</strong> a<strong>da</strong>mianuri faseulobani,<br />
racionalizmi <strong>da</strong> humanizmi. mwvave problemam — SesaZlebelia Tu ara sxva civilizaciam<br />
aiTvisos <strong>da</strong>savluri teqnologia <strong>da</strong> moaxerxos misi trans<strong>for</strong>mireba sakuTar<br />
RirebulebaTa Sesabamisad — cnobil amerikel mkvlevar m.melkosTan Semdegi<br />
interpretacia SeiZina: `Tu CineTma SesZlo induri budizmis trans<strong>for</strong>mireba ise, rom<br />
igi ufro <strong>da</strong>osizms <strong>da</strong>emsgavsa, ratom ar SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom XXI saukuneSi igi<br />
moaxerxebs <strong>da</strong>savluri teqnologiebisa <strong>da</strong> politikuri ideebis trans<strong>for</strong>mirebas ise,<br />
rom isini Cinur <strong>kultura</strong>s Seesatyvisebodnen?~ 1<br />
mkvlevarTa nawili saubrobs `ekleqtikuri msoflios~ Camoyalibebis Sesaxeb,<br />
romelic moicavs <strong>da</strong>savlur <strong>da</strong> ara<strong>da</strong>savlur civilizaciebs <strong>da</strong> romlis<br />
<strong>da</strong>saxasiaTeblad xSirad mimarTaven `msxvilad <strong>da</strong>Wrili salaTis~ an `nakuwebisagan<br />
Sekerili sabnis~ meta<strong>for</strong>as. es meta<strong>for</strong>ebi Caenacvla `sadnobi Rumelis~ saxeliT<br />
cnobil Teoriul winamorbeds, romliTac aRiniSnebo<strong>da</strong> amerikuli kulturis xasiaTi,<br />
Camoyalibebuli sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva kulturuli tradiciis ga<strong>da</strong>muSavebisa <strong>da</strong><br />
urTierTSerwymis Sedegad. axali saxeliT monaTluli fenomeni ki gulisxmobs ara<br />
mTlian, erTian <strong>kultura</strong>s, aramed eTnikur kulturul elementTa narevs.<br />
`ekleqtikuri msoflios~ liderad jer kidev rCeba <strong>da</strong>savleTi, magram aziurwynarokeanuri<br />
regioni zustad reagirebs civilizacia-lideris nebismier<br />
warumateblobaze <strong>da</strong> cdilobs mis gamoyenebas Tavis sasargeblod. swored igi SeiZleba<br />
mogvevlinos liberaluri <strong>da</strong>savleTis principebis mTavar metoqed 2 .<br />
meore nawili ar iziarebs amgvar xedvas. magaliTad, a.dirliki miiCnevs, rom aziurwynarokeanuri<br />
regioni warmoadgens geoekonomikur sistemas, romlis saTaveebTan<br />
idgnen aRmosavleT aziaSi SeWrili evropelebi <strong>da</strong> amerikelebi. misive azriT, dRes am<br />
sistemis farglebSi mimdinare procesebi <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia ukve aRmosavleT azielebis<br />
mier iniciativis xelSi aRebasTan, rasac mosdevs `kvazikonfuciuri menejeruli<br />
kapitalizmis~ mier aSS <strong>da</strong> kana<strong>da</strong>Si sakuTari niSebis Seqmna. amis Sedegad civilizacialideri<br />
kargavs sakuTari sistemis funqcionirebis mniSvnelovan rgolebze kontrols,<br />
romelic <strong>da</strong>savleTis samyaroSi CarTul ucxo kulturul erTobaTa warmomadgenlebis<br />
xelSi ga<strong>da</strong>dis 3 .<br />
amasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT, yuradRebas iqcevs kidev erTi garemoeba: Tu XIX saukunesa <strong>da</strong><br />
XX s-is pirvel naxevarSi ara<strong>da</strong>savluri warmomavlobis imigrantebi, xvdebodnen ra<br />
<strong>da</strong>savluri kulturis `sadnob RumelSi~, iRebdnen <strong>da</strong> iTvisebdnen samoqalaqo<br />
sazogadoebis <strong>kultura</strong>s, axla isini arc cdiloben Camoyalibebul socialur garemoSi<br />
a<strong>da</strong>ptirebas, aramed qmnian diasporebs, tradiciul Rirebulebebze <strong>da</strong>fuZnebul, metnaklebad<br />
<strong>da</strong>xSul lokalur erTobebs, romlebic cxovroben pirvel rigSi sakuTari <strong>da</strong><br />
mxolod Semdeg _ maspinZeli qveynis normebis Sesabamisad. amasTan, isini, rogorc wesi,<br />
iReben <strong>da</strong>savleTis qveSevrdomobas <strong>da</strong> gar<strong>da</strong>qmnian (cvlian) <strong>da</strong>savleTis qveynebis<br />
socialur garemos 4 .<br />
CineTisa <strong>da</strong>, saerTod, aRmosavleT aziis gar<strong>da</strong>, <strong>da</strong>savleTis civilizaciur<br />
oponentad xSirad ganixilaven muslimur samyaros. xSirad saubroben bipolarizmis<br />
axali <strong>for</strong>mis — <strong>da</strong>savleTisa <strong>da</strong> islamis samyaros <strong>da</strong>pirispirebis Sesaxeb. <strong>da</strong>savleTis<br />
gamowvevis pasuxad muslimuri samyaros gamococxlebis erT-erT <strong>for</strong>mad gvevlineba<br />
1<br />
Melko M. World Systems Theory: Faustian Delusion. – Comparative Civilizations Review, 1994, 30, p.11-12.<br />
2<br />
Цымбурский В. Сколько цивилизаций? (С Ламанским, Шпенглером и Тойнби над глобусом ХХ1 века. – В журн.: т.5, № 3<br />
(Россия и ее южные соседи). М.., 2001, с.186.<br />
3<br />
Цымбурский В. Сколько цивилизаций? ..., с.186.<br />
4<br />
Иноземцев В.Л., Кузнецова Е.С. Глобальный конфликт XXI в. Размышления об истоках и перспективах<br />
межцивилизационных противоречий. – В журн.: Политические исследования. М., 2001, № 6, с.137.<br />
32
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