kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
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civilizaciaTa istoriebad, SemdgomSi, swored evropis mier inicirebulma<br />
trans<strong>for</strong>maciebma erTiani sakacobrio istoria Teoriuli<strong>da</strong>n praqtikul sferoSi<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>itana.<br />
mkvlevarTa azriT, es roli ganpirobebuli iyo evropuli civilizaciis unikaluri<br />
Sinagani TaviseburebebiT, romelTac gansazRvres misi sicocxlisunarianoba <strong>da</strong><br />
eqspansia, socialur-kulturul niSebSi Canergvisa <strong>da</strong> ucxo kulturul garemoSi<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>rCenis unari. mecnierTa nawili ZiriTad Taviseburebad miiCnevs antikur epoqaSi<br />
Camoyalibebul polisis struqturas, romelmac safuZveli Cauyara <strong>da</strong>savleTisa <strong>da</strong><br />
aRmosavleTis struqturul-tipologiur gansxvavebas. polisi orientirebuli iyo<br />
moqalaqis kerZo sakuTrebasa <strong>da</strong> Tavisufali bazris institutebze, rac principulad<br />
ucnobi iyo aRmosavleTis nebismieri sazogadoebisaTvis 1 . mas <strong>da</strong>efuZna evropuli<br />
feo<strong>da</strong>lizmi avtonomiuri qalaq-komunebiT, romlebic politikur brZolaSi<br />
<strong>da</strong>moukidebel subieqtebad gamodiodnen, rac agreTve ucnobi iyo sxva<br />
civilizaciebisaTvis. Camoyalib<strong>da</strong> erTiani mwkrivi antikuri polisi<strong>da</strong>n — Sua<br />
saukuneebis saqalaqo komunebis gavliT — industriuli <strong>da</strong> postindustriuli<br />
sazogadoebisaken 2 .<br />
<strong>da</strong>savlur <strong>da</strong> ara<strong>da</strong>savlur civilizaciaTa urTierTobis problema<br />
Tanamedrove etapze<br />
XX s-is bolo ori aTwleulis manZilze didi yuradReba eqceva civilizaciaTa <strong>da</strong><br />
<strong>kultura</strong>Ta urTierTobis problemaTa Seswavlas. am sakiTxebs sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva kuTxiT<br />
ikvlevs kulturologia, sociologia, saistorio mecniereba. am mimarTulebiT<br />
mimdinare kvlevaTa <strong>da</strong> miRweuli Sedegebis popularizaciaSi makoordinirebel<br />
funqcias asrulebs `<strong>kultura</strong>TSorisi komunikaciis kvlevisa <strong>da</strong> swavlebis<br />
saerTaSoriso sazogadoeba~ (SIETAR International), romelic yovelwliurad marTavs<br />
konferenciebs, gamoscems specialur Jurnals.<br />
cnobili germaneli mecnieris karl iaspersis Teoriis mixedviT, msoflios<br />
<strong>da</strong>yofas <strong>da</strong>savleTad <strong>da</strong> aRmosavleTad safuZveli e.w. `RerZul droSi~ Caeyara,<br />
sai<strong>da</strong>nac saTaves iRebs, agreTve erTiani, globaluri msoflio, rogorc im droisaTvis<br />
Soreuli perspeqtiva. swored maSin yalibdeba is ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebi, romlebmac<br />
<strong>da</strong>savleTisa <strong>da</strong> aRmosavleTis saxe gansazRvres. rogorc wesi, samecniero<br />
literaturaSi es maxasiaTeblebi Semdeg opoziciur wyvilebad jgufdeba: individualizmi-koleqtivizmi,<br />
inovaciuroba-tradiciuloba, racionaloba-intuiciuroba,<br />
Tavisufleba-wesrigi, neba-fatalizmi, anTropocentrizmi-Teocentrizmi, materializmi-suliereba,<br />
pragmatizmi-idealizmi, obieqtivizmi-subieqtivizmi, dinamizmi-statikuroba,<br />
istorizmi-aistorizmi <strong>da</strong> sxv. aRmosavleTi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>savleTi urTierTSeRwevadni<br />
gaxdnen, pirvel rigSi, xmelTaSuazRvispireTis arealSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c aRmocen<strong>da</strong> didi<br />
civilizaciebi, maT Soris evropulic.<br />
rac Seexeba maxasiaTebelTa <strong>da</strong>jgufebas opoziciur wyvilebad, Tavis droze,<br />
p.sorokini miuTiTeb<strong>da</strong>, rom aseTi diqotomiuri sqemebis gar<strong>da</strong>uval nakls warmoadgens<br />
erTi tipis farglebSi erTmaneTisagan mniSvnelovnad gansxvavebuli<br />
socialur-kulturuli warmonaqmnebis Tavmoyra, agreTve did Tu mcire erTobaTa<br />
specifikis gamokveTis sirTule. Cveni azriT, es gansakuTrebiT iTqmis swored mcire<br />
kulturebze, romelTa ricxvs miekuTvneba qarTuli <strong>kultura</strong> <strong>da</strong> romelTa<br />
1<br />
Васильев Л.С. Восток и Запад в истории (Основные параметры проблематики). – В кн.: Альтернативные пути к<br />
цивилизации, с.104.<br />
2<br />
Драгунский Д.В., Цымбурский В.Л. Генотип европейской цивилизации. – В журн.: Политические исследования, М., 1991,<br />
№ 1, с.7-8.<br />
28
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