kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
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koleqtivizmis brZolac vuwodoT~ 1 . amitom xSirad saubroben winaindustriuli sazogadoebebis<br />
koleqtivistur xasiaTze, dRes ki koleqtivisturad miiCneven samxreT evropis,<br />
laTinuri amerikis, aziuri <strong>da</strong> afrikuli kulturebis umravlesobas. <strong>da</strong>savleT<br />
evropaSi yvelaze mkafio koleqtivisturi orientaciiT espanur <strong>kultura</strong>s gamoar-<br />
Ceven.<br />
saqarTvelos ar hqonia urTierToba evropasTan mas Semdeg, rac iq individualisturi<br />
sazogadoeba mkafiod Camoyalib<strong>da</strong>. Cveni <strong>kultura</strong>, koleqtivisturi<br />
aRmosavluri (muslimuri) kulturebis garemocvaSi, romelsac mogvianebiT ruseTis<br />
aseve koleqtivisturi <strong>kultura</strong> <strong>da</strong>emata <strong>da</strong> mcirejgufovan koleqtivistur<br />
<strong>kultura</strong>d Camoyalib<strong>da</strong>. amas xeli Seuwyo im mizezebma, romlebzec cota zemoT<br />
gvqon<strong>da</strong> saubari.<br />
sivrcisa <strong>da</strong> drois kulturebi<br />
samecniero literaturaSi gvxvdeba `drois kulturisa~ <strong>da</strong> `sivrcis kulturis~<br />
cnebebi. am klasifikaciiT, Tanamedrove <strong>da</strong>savleTi, moderni _ drois <strong>kultura</strong>a; misi<br />
mTavari maxasiaTebelia dinamikuroba, mudmivi cvalebadoba, romelic ukeTesisaken<br />
gamudmebul svlad gaiazreba. Sesabamisad, arsebobs mniSvnelobaTa mobiluri<br />
struqturebi <strong>da</strong> cvalebadi <strong>for</strong>mebi. CveulebaTa azri mudmivad kiTxvis qveS dgeba <strong>da</strong>,<br />
saqmis interesebi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, icvleba. ara<strong>da</strong>savleTi, premoderni an aramoderni<br />
_ sivrcis <strong>kultura</strong>a, romelic aRbeWdilia TavianT adgilsamyofelze a<strong>da</strong>mianTa <strong>da</strong><br />
saganTa mijaWvulobis niSniT. es aris mSvidi, statikuri inercia, romelic a<strong>da</strong>mianebs<br />
simyudrovis, usafrTxoebisa <strong>da</strong> movlenaTa prognozirebadobis ganc<strong>da</strong>s aniWebs.<br />
drois kategoria am kulturisaTvis ucxo ar aris, magram igi, iseve rogorc masTan<br />
<strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli cvalebadoba, did rols ar TamaSobs. drois kulturis sworxazovani,<br />
swrafwarmavali droisagan gansxvavebiT, es cikluri droa, romelic wrebrunvas<br />
asrulebs gaCenas, aRsasrulsa <strong>da</strong> kvlav gaCenas Soris. sivrcis kulturisaTvis<br />
<strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia myari sazogadoebrivi jgufebis arseboba, romlebic gansazRvraven<br />
calkeul individTa cxovrebas <strong>da</strong>badebi<strong>da</strong>n sikvdilamde <strong>da</strong> romlebTanac es<br />
individebi mWidrod arian <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli. sivrcis <strong>kultura</strong> aRbeWdilia myari<br />
ritualebiT, wes-Cveulebebis SenarCunebisaTvis zrunviT. es wes-Cveulebebi am saxiT<br />
mxolod am <strong>kultura</strong>Si _ am sivrceSi, am nia<strong>da</strong>gze arseboben, simyudrovisa <strong>da</strong><br />
Sinaurulobis ganwyobas uqmnian im a<strong>da</strong>mianebs, vis Cveulebebsac isini warmoadgenen 2 .<br />
saqmis gamartiveba iqnebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>Sveba, rom droisa <strong>da</strong> sivrcis niSniT <strong>da</strong>savluri <strong>da</strong><br />
aRmosavluri kulturebi mkafiod emijnebian erTmaneTs. v.Smidis azriT, sivrcis<br />
<strong>kultura</strong> arsebobs planetis oTx mexuTedze, TviT aRmosavleT evropis CaTvliT.<br />
ufro metic _ <strong>da</strong>Zabuloba drosa <strong>da</strong> sivrces Soris Tavs iCens ara mxolod<br />
erTmaneTisagan geografiulad gamijnul regionebSi, aramed erTi kulturis SigniTac:<br />
magaliTad, amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi faSisturi <strong>da</strong>jgufeba gamodis modernis<br />
winaaRmdeg <strong>da</strong> piriqiT, iranSi XXI saukunis <strong>da</strong>mdegs mravali axalgazr<strong>da</strong> uwevs<br />
winaaRmdegobas aramodernul, xist mmarTvelobas 3 .<br />
sabolood <strong>kultura</strong>Ta aseTi saxis <strong>da</strong>jgufebam:<br />
individualisturi koleqtivisturi<br />
inovaciuri tradiciuli<br />
drois sivrcis<br />
1 muzaSvili n. “orientaciebis” Sesaxeb. _ Jurn. “omega”, Tb., 2000, 7, gv.4.<br />
2 Smidi v. omi sivrcesa <strong>da</strong> dros Soris (leqcia, wakiTxuli 2001 wlis 15 oqtombers, iv.javaxiSvilis sax.<br />
Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi). _ gaz.: “Cveni mwerloba” 49 (75), Tb., 7-14 dekemberi, 2001, gv.2.<br />
3 Smidi v. <strong>da</strong>sax. naSr., gv.2.<br />
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