kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
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<strong>da</strong>ukavSir<strong>da</strong>. erTmorwmune mokavSiris, Semdeg ki mfarvelis Zieba saukuneTa manZilze<br />
saqarTvelos sagareo politikis erT-erTi ZiriTadi mimarTuleba iyo. politikuri<br />
orientaciis sakiTxi CvenSi kulturuli orientaciis problemad trans<strong>for</strong>mir<strong>da</strong>,<br />
islamur samyarosTan mravalsaukunovani <strong>da</strong>pirispirebis pirobebSi ki am arCevanma<br />
miiRo, agreTve religiur-kulturuli arCevanis saxe 1 .<br />
SemTxveviTi ar un<strong>da</strong> iyos is faqti, rom qarTul saistorio wyaroebSi Cveni<br />
mahmadiani mezoblebi umTavresad sarwmunoebrivi Sinaarsis matarebeli saxelebiT<br />
ixseniebian: `musulmanni~ (`istoriani <strong>da</strong> azmani SaravandedTani~), `musurmanni~ (basili<br />
ezosmoZRvari), `mohmadianni~ (iqve), `islemTa eri~ (iqve), `islemni~ (`istoriani <strong>da</strong><br />
azmani...`), `sarkinozni~ (iqve), Tumca gvxvdeba eTnikuri saxelebic 2 .<br />
aRniSnul sakiTxTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT, niSandoblivia saqarTvelos demokratiuli<br />
respublikis cnobili moRvawis gr.lorTqifaniZis Tvalsazrisi. `saqarTvelos<br />
kulturuli <strong>da</strong> civilizaciuri orientacia mtkiced iyo mimarTuli evropisaken. es<br />
politika qarTveli xalxis tradiciul-istoriuli swrafvaa, _ aRniSnav<strong>da</strong> igi. _<br />
aziaSi SeWrili saqarTvelo Tavis saqristiano kulturiT mu<strong>da</strong>m ufro evropis nawils<br />
warmoadgen<strong>da</strong>, vidre aziisas. saqarTvelos Segnebuli hqon<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> aqvs, rom jerjerobiT<br />
yovel SemTxvevaSi yvelaze uaresi evropa saukeTeso azias sjobia~ 3 .<br />
magram, rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, erTia politikuri <strong>da</strong>, Tun<strong>da</strong>c, sarwmunoebrivi<br />
orientacia, meore ki _ ama Tu im civilizaciisadmi kuTvnileba, romelic, politikur<br />
<strong>da</strong> ekonomikur interesebze <strong>da</strong>myarebuli kavSirebisagan gansxvavebiT, xangrZlivi<br />
drois manZilze yalibdeba <strong>da</strong> warmoadgens mravali sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva garemoebis (zogjer _<br />
SemTxveviTisac) Sedegs. ingliseli mecnieri a.smiti aRniSnavs, rom religiuri<br />
identuroba SeiZleba aZlierebdes sxva, maT Soris civilizaciur, identurobebs, <strong>da</strong><br />
SeiZleba asustebdes maT 4 .<br />
s.semionovis azriT, religiuri parametris miCneva civilizaciis ZiriTad<br />
msazRvrelad, rac farTo<strong>da</strong>a gavrcelebuli istoriul-filosofiur literaturaSi,<br />
<strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia meTodologiur reduqcionizmTan <strong>da</strong> saTaves evropocentrizmi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
iRebs: ukanaskneli saukuneebis <strong>da</strong>savleTevropuli civilizaciis ZiriTadi<br />
maxasiaTebeli aRiarebulia yvela civilizaciis umTavres determinantad 5 . magram es<br />
maxasiaTebeli Znelad Tu gamodgeba sasazRvro civilizaciebisa Tu kulturebisaTvis,<br />
romlebic warmoadgenen <strong>da</strong>savleTis <strong>da</strong> aRmosavleTis, CrdiloeTis <strong>da</strong> samxreTis<br />
samyaroTa aTaswlovani urTierTqmedebis Sedegs.<br />
mkvlevari aRniSnavs CvenTvis sayuradRebo kidev erT garemoebas: konfesiurad<br />
Wrel regionebSi araiSviaTad yalibdeba kulturuli erTobebi, romlebic mravali<br />
saukunis manZilze arsebobs. kulturuli memkvidreobiToba aq mJRavndeba ara<br />
religiur sferoSi, aramed kulturis esTetikur <strong>da</strong> eTikur aspeqtebSi, miTologiaSi,<br />
fsiqologiasa <strong>da</strong> xasiaTSi 6 .<br />
kulturisa <strong>da</strong> civilizaciis mTavar determinantad religiis aRiarebis kritikiT<br />
XX s. 50-ian wlebSi, rogorc zemoTac aRvniSneT, gamovi<strong>da</strong> amerikeli kulturologi<br />
f.begbi, romelic xazgasmiT miuTiTeb<strong>da</strong>, rom religia zecivilizaciuri fenomeni ki<br />
ara, misi erT-erTi Semadgeneli nawilia, sxva maxasiaTeblebTan erTad. amitom savsebiT<br />
1 kacitaZe k. orientirebi, gv.4.<br />
2 dondua v. “vefxistyaosani” <strong>da</strong> qarTveli istorikosebi. _ wignSi: saqarTvelo rusTavelis xanaSi<br />
(rusTavelis 800 wlisTavisadmi miZRvnili krebuli). Tb., 1968, gv.239.<br />
3 lorTqifaniZe gr. <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli saqarTvelo. _ wignSi: lorTqifaniZe gr. fiqrebi saqarTveloze. Tb.,<br />
Tsu gamomc., 1995, gv.156-157.<br />
4 Смит А. Национальная идентичность и идея европейского единства. – В сб.: Актуальные проблемы Европы: экономика,<br />
политика, идеология, М.: ИНИОН, 1993, вып.1, с.120.<br />
5 Семенов С.И. Компаративные лонгитюдные исследования..., с.35.<br />
6 iqve.<br />
100
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