kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
kultura da modernizacia - Center for Social Sciences
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
sawarmoSi momuSave indoeli <strong>da</strong> Turqi muSebi, romlebic samuSaoze xelmZRvaneloben<br />
Tanamedrove <strong>da</strong> industiruli Sromis wesebiT, xolo saxlSi, ojaxur cxovrebaSi<br />
ixelmZRvaneleben TavianTi tradiciebiTa <strong>da</strong> wes-CveulebebiT.<br />
kolonizacia. pirvelmosulebi <strong>da</strong>iwyeben yvelanair propagan<strong>da</strong>s, Tavsmoxvevas<br />
cxovrebaSi Tavisi sakuTari yofaqcevis modelebis, <strong>da</strong>upirispiron isini imas, rac<br />
tradiciuli kulturisaTvis aris <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebeli, romelSic isini aRmoCndenen. es<br />
xdeba rogorc saomari, aseve mSvidobiani <strong>da</strong>pyrobis dros, aseve modernizaciis<br />
procesSi. termin `kolonizacias~ am SemTxvevaSi ara aqvs SefasebiTi mniSvneloba, es<br />
faseulobiTi TvalsazrisiT neitraluri cnebaa. saqme exeba kulturul<br />
koloniozacias; politikuri kolonizacia kulturuli kolonizaciis mxolod kerZo,<br />
Tavisi SedegbiT arc ise radikaluri SemTxvevaa.<br />
kulturuli Soki, farTo azriT, rogorc filosofiur-kulturuli an filosofiur-istoriuli<br />
kategoria, kulturis Sesaxeb mecnierebaTa CamoyalibebisaTvis<br />
TiTqmis ga<strong>da</strong>mwyveti kategoria aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>. XII-XVII ss. mogzaurTa gadmocemebma,<br />
romlebic aRwerdnen axali qveynebisa <strong>da</strong> xalxebis usasrulo raodenobas, evropaSi<br />
kulturuli Soki gamoiwvia, rac safuZvlad <strong>da</strong>edo kulturis fenomenis rogorc<br />
Seswavlis obieqtis Camoyalibebas. am kulturulma Sokma evropelTa gonebaSi<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>trialeba moaxdina, romelsac SeiZleba anTropologiuri revolucia vuwodoT.<br />
misi arsi isaa, rom Seirya evropelTa warmodgena sakuTar gansakuTrebulobaze;<br />
aRmoCn<strong>da</strong>, rom kacobrioba Sedgeba mravali kulturisagan. Tuki kopernikiseulma<br />
revoluciam mospo samyaros centris yofnis iluzia, anTropologiurma revoluciam<br />
mospo evropis iluzia ekumenis centrSi yofnisa.<br />
mTlianad kulturuli Soki TamaSobs <strong>kultura</strong>Si <strong>da</strong>debiT rols, viani<strong>da</strong>n xels<br />
uwyobs <strong>kultura</strong>Ta urTierTqmedebasa <strong>da</strong> urTierTgamdidrebs, tradicul <strong>kultura</strong>Si<br />
sxva kulturul elementTa integracias, <strong>kultura</strong>Ta Riaobis zr<strong>da</strong>s.<br />
asimilacia<br />
procesi, romlis Sedegad erTi eTnikuri jgufis wevrebi kargaven TavianT<br />
Tav<strong>da</strong>pirvel <strong>kultura</strong>s <strong>da</strong> iTviseben im eTnikuri jgufis <strong>kultura</strong>s, romelTanac<br />
uSuali kontaqti aqvT. es procesi SeiZleba spontanurad mimdinareobdes _ aseT<br />
SemTxvevaSi igi SeiZleba ganixilebodes a<strong>kultura</strong>ciis erT-erT tipad, a<strong>kultura</strong>ciis<br />
procesis Sedegad.<br />
cneba `asimilacia~ XIX s-is bolo<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>mkvidr<strong>da</strong> amerikul <strong>kultura</strong>nTropologiaSi,<br />
Tav<strong>da</strong>pirvelad — termin `amerikanizaciis~ sinonimuri mniSvnelobiT. misi<br />
pirveli gansazRverba r.parksa <strong>da</strong> e.berjess ekuTvniT: `asimilacia urTierTSeRwevisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> Serevis procesia, romlis ganmavlobaSi individebi an jgufebi iZenen sxva<br />
individebis istoriul mexsierebas <strong>da</strong> iziareben ra maT gamocdilebas, CarTuli<br />
aRmoCndebian saerTo kulturul cxovrebaSi~. XX s-is Sua wlebamde es termini<br />
gamoiyenebo<strong>da</strong> aSS TeTrkaniani mosaxleobis dominirebad <strong>kultura</strong>Si indielTa<br />
tomebis inkorporaciis mniSvnelobiT. amerikuli sazogadoeba ganixilebo<strong>da</strong><br />
uzarmazar `SemoqmedebiT laboratoriad~, sa<strong>da</strong>c sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva kulturuli tradicia<br />
erTmaneTs ereva <strong>da</strong> `ga<strong>da</strong>idnoba~ sinTezur mTlianobad. XX s-is meore naxevarSi j. van<br />
der zandenma ganasxvava calmxrivi asimilacia, roca umciresobis <strong>kultura</strong> mTlianad<br />
gamoidevneba dominirebadi kulturis mier, <strong>da</strong> <strong>kultura</strong>Ta Sereva, romlis drosac<br />
<strong>da</strong>qvemdebarebuli <strong>da</strong> gabatonebuli jgufebis elementebi erTmaneTs ereva, qmnis<br />
mdgrad kombinaciebs <strong>da</strong> safuZvels uyris axal <strong>kultura</strong>s.<br />
m.gordonma <strong>da</strong>amkvidra asimilaciis xarisxobrivi ganxilvis tradicia. dRes<br />
miCneulia, rom sruli asimilaciis SemTxvevebi Zalian iSviaTia; Cveulebriv, adgili<br />
10
Change language