Cook Islands Pest Lists

Page 1 of 53 

Cook Islands Pest Lists Database 

Hosts with Recorded Pest Occurrences 

Host Pest 

/ common names 

/ Order / common name 

Abelmoschus esculentus 

(L.) Moench / okra 

Abelmoschus manihot 

(L.) Medik. / aibika 

Acacia farnesiana (L.) 

Willd. / Ellington curse 

Acalypha hispida 

Burm.f. / chenille 

copperleaf 

Acalypha sp. / 

Acalypha tricolor Seem. 

/ 

Ageratum conyzoides L. 

/ goatweed 

Aleurites moluccana 

(L.) Willd. / candlenut 

tree 

Allium cepa L. / onion 

Allium sativum L. / 

garlic 

Alocasia macrorrhizos 

(L.) G.Don / giant taro 

Alpinia purpurata 

(Vielli.) K.Schum. / red 

ginger 

Alyxia elliptica 

Cheeseman / 

* 

a 

a 

n 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

n 

f 

f 

a 

a 

a 

f 

a 

a 

a 

Aphis gossypii Glover Cotton aphid 

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) tobacco 

whitefly 

Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 

1919) Chitwood, 1949 root-knot nematode 

Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & M.A. 

Curtis) C.T. Wei 

Icerya seychellarum (Westwood) Seychelles 

scale 

Colgar peracutum Walker 

Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell) Guava 

mealybug 

Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) false 

spider mite 

Saissetia miranda (Cockerell & Parrott) 

mexican black scale 


whitefly 

Mycosphaerella aleuritis S.H. Ou 

Stemphylium lycopersici (Enjoji) W. 

Yamam. 

Helicotylenchus dihystera (Cobb, 1893) 

Sher, 1961 

Stemphylium lycopersici (Enjoji) W. 

Yamam. 

Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & 

Maubl. 

Ceroplastes rubens Maskell Pink wax scale 

Eucalymnatus tessellatus (Signoret) 

tessellated scale 

Pulvinaria psidii Maskell mango scale 

Magnaporthe grisea (T.T. Hebert) M.E. 

Barr rice blast disease 



Diaspis sp. 

Literature 

reference 

Stout O.O., 1982 

De Barro P., 1998 

Grandison G.S., 1990 

McKenzie E., 2003 

Williams & Watson, 1990 

Poeschko M., 2004 


Charles J.G., 1990 



Dingley et al., 1981 











Hill G., 1988 

* Pest Group: a = arthropods including insects; b = bacteria; f = fungi; g = gastropods; n = nematodes; v = viruses; w = weeds 

02-Sep-11

Page 2 of 53 






Alyxia elliptica 

Cheeseman / 

Alyxia stellata Roem. & 

Schult. / 

Amaranthus viridis L. / 

green amaranth 

Anacardium occidentale 

L. / cashew 

Ananas comosus (L.) 

Merr. / pineapple 

* 

a 

f 

f 

a 

a 

n 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 


scale 

Phyllachora alyxiae Pat. 

Phyllachora alyxiae Pat. 

Bemisia argentifolii (Gennadius) 

Cryptoblabes sp. 

Aphelenchus sp. 

Carpophilus dimidiatus Fabricius 

Carpophilus humeralis (Fabricius) 

Diaspis boisduvalii Signoret boisduval scale 

Diaspis bromeliae (Kerner) pineapple scale 

Diaspis sp. 

Dolichotetranychus floridanus Banks 

pineapple fruit mite 

Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell) 

Pineapple mealybug 

Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley 


mealybug 

Kilifia acuminata (Signoret) acuminate 

scale 

Paratrechina longicornis Latreille crazy ant 

Pheidole megacephala (Fabricius) bogheaded 

ant 

Planococcus citri (Risso) Citrus mealybug 

Pseudococcus longispinus 

(TargioniTozzetti) Long-tailed mealybug 

Pycnoscelus surinamensis Linnaeus 

burrowing cockroach 

Ceratocystis paradoxa (Dade) C. Moreau 

Pineapple disease of sugarcane 


Maubl. 

Phyllachora sp. 

Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands root rot of 

avocado 

Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan 

Black shank 

Literature 

reference 



Wright J.G., 2004 

Martin N.A., 1995 



Madison, P.A., 1979 




Walker & Deitz, 1977 

















02-Sep-11

Page 3 of 53 






Ananas comosus (L.) 

Merr. / pineapple 

Ananas sp. / 

Angiopteris longifolia 

Grev. & Hook. / 

Annona muricata L. / 

soursop 

Annona reticulata L. / 

custard apple 

Annona squamosa L. / 

sweetsop 

Anthurium andraeanum 

Linden / 

* 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

a 

f 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

n 

n 

n 

a 

a 

a 

f 


Sher, 1961 

Helicotylenchus multicinctus (Cobb, 1893) 

Golden, 1956 banana spiral nematode 

Helicotylenchus sp. (Steiner, 1914) Golden, 

1956 Galles 

Meloidogyne sp. Goeldi, 1892. root knot 

nematodes 

Pratylenchus brachyurus (Godfrey, 1929) 

Filip'ev & Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1941 

Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford & 

Oliveira, 1940 reniform nematode 

Rotylenchulus sp. Linford & Oliveira, 

1940. 

Xiphinema insigne Loos, 1949 dagger 

nematode 



Cercospora sp. 

Hypochnicium punctulatum (Cooke) J. 

Erikss. 




mealybug 


scale 


Phoma sp. 


Sher, 1961 

Hemicriconemoides sp. Chitwood & 

Birchfield, 1957 




mealybug 


scale 


scale 

Mycosphaerella sp. 

Literature 

reference 



Ruabete T., 2004 










Hill G., 1990 


Hill G., 1990 










02-Sep-11

Page 4 of 53 






Apium graveolens L. / 

celery 

Araucaria columnaris 

(Forst.f.) Hook. / 

Araucaria heterophylla 

(Salisb.) Franco / 

Norfolk Island pine 

Araucaria sp. / 

Ardisia elliptica Thunb. 

/ shoebutton ardisia 

Areca catechu L. / betel 

nut 

Arthropteris palisotii 

(Desv.) Alston / 

Artocarpus altilis 

(Parkins.) Fosb. / 

breadfruit 

* 

a 

f 

a 

a 

a 

n 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 




Eriococcus araucariae Maskell 




1956 Galles 


Abgrallaspis cyanophylli (Signoret) 

cyanophyllum scale 

Aleurodicus dispersus Russell spiralling 

whitefly 

Bactrocera melanotus (Coquillett) 

Bactrocera xanthodes (Broun) Pacific fruit 

fly 


scale 

Cladosporium oxysporum Berk. & M.A. 

Curtis 

Fusarium pallidoroseum (Cooke) Sacc. 

Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spauld. & 

H. Schrenk anthracnose 

Monilia sp. 

Pseudocercospora artocarpi (Syd. & 

P.Syd.) Deighton 

Uredo artocarpi Berk. & Broome 


Sher, 1961 



Pratylenchus loosi Loof, 1960 root lesion 

nematode 

Pratylenchus sp. Filip'ev, 1936 



Literature 

reference 








Williams & Watson, 1988a 

Waterhouse & Norris, 1989 

Kassim, 1993 

Kassim, 1993 














02-Sep-11

Page 5 of 53 






Artocarpus 

heterophyllus Lam. / 

jackfruit 

Artocarpus sp. / 

Asplenium nidus L. / 

birds nest fern 

Averrhoa carambola L. 

/ star fruit 

Bambusa sp. / bamboo 

Bambusa vulgaris 

Schrad. ex Wendl. / 

bamboo grass 

Barringtonia asiatica 

(L.) Kurz / 

Barringtonia edulis 

Seem. / pau nut 

Barringtonia sp. / 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

n 

n 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

a 

a 

a 


fly 


Coccus longulus (Douglas) long soft scale 


scale 

Pseudococcus orchidicola Takahashi 

orchid mealybug 

Rhizopus stolonifer 


Sher, 1961 








Aspidiotus sp. 


Othreis fullonia (Clerck) fruit piercing moth 

Bambusaspis bambusae (Boisduval) 

Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus Brown soft 

scale 



scale 

Cercospora barringtoniae Syd. & P. Syd. 



Meliola indica Syd. & P. Syd. 

Phaeoramularia barringtoniae (Syd. & P. 

Syd.) X.J. Liu & Y.L. Guo 

Adoretus versutus Harold indian rose beetle 

Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley 



Literature 

reference 

Kassim, 1993 












Kassim, 1993 














02-Sep-11

Page 6 of 53 






Beta vulgaris L. / 

beetroot 

Bidens pilosa L. / 

beggar's tick 

Blechnum orientale L. / 

Blechnum sp. / 

Bougainvillea glabra 

Choisy / 

Brassica chinensis L. / 

Chinese cabbage 

Brassica oleracea L. / 

english cabbage 

* 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

a 

a 

n 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 


Kallitaxila granulata (Stål) Grainy 

planthopper 

Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) broad 

mite 

Cercospora beticola Sacc. cercospora leaf 

spot 

Uromyces bidenticola Arthur 

Uromyces bidentis Lagerh. 




1956 Galles 

Agrotis ipsilon aneituma (Walker) greasy 

cutworm 


Chrysodeixis eriosoma (Doubleday) green 

looper caterpillar 

Crocidolomia binotalis (Zeller) cabbage 

cluster caterpillar 

Hellula undalis (Fabricius) cabbage 

webworm 

Myzus persicae (Sulzer) green peach aphid 

Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) diamondback 

moth 

Scaptomyza sp. Drosophilid fly 

Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) taro 

armyworm 

Albugo candida (Pers.) Kuntze Rouille 

blanche 

Alternaria brassicicola (Schwein.) 

Wiltshire Black leaf spot 


cutworm 




Crocidolomia binotalis (Zeller) cabbage 

cluster caterpillar 

Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) cotton 

bollworm 

Literature 

reference 



























02-Sep-11

Page 7 of 53 






Brassica oleracea L. / 

english cabbage 

Brassica oleracea var. 

capitata L. / shetland 

cabbage 

Brassica oleracea var. 

italica Plenck / 

sprouting broccoli 

Brassica rapa subsp. 

pekinensis (Lour.) 

Hanelt / chinese cabbage 

Buddleia sp. / 

Cajanus cajan (L.) 

Millsp. / pigeon pea, 

cajan 

Calophyllum 

inophyllum L. / Indian 

laurel 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

b 

f 

n 

n 

a 

a 

f 

a 

a 

a 

Hellula undalis (Fabricius) cabbage 

webworm 


Nezara viridula (Linnaeus) green vegetable 

bug 


moth 


mite 


armyworm 

Tetranychus urticae Koch two-spotted 

spider mite 



whitefly 


moth 

Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris 

(Pammel 1895) Dowson 1939 black rot 




Sher, 1961 




whitefly 





spider mite 

Liriomyza sativae Blanchard Vegetable 

leaf miner 


Literature 

reference 






















02-Sep-11

Page 8 of 53 






Calophyllum 

inophyllum L. / Indian 

laurel 

Camellia sinensis (L.) 

Ktze. / tea 

Canna indica L. / canna 

Capsicum annuum L. / 

green pepper 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

b 

Dysmicoccus nesophilus Williams & 

Watson 




scale 


spider mite 




Watson 

Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) Black coffee 

scale Nigra (pomegranate) scale 

Puccinia thaliae Dietel 

Achaea janata (Linnaeus) castor semilooper 


Chloropulvinaria psidii Maskell green 

shield scale 



Coccus viridis (Green) Soft green scale 


scale 


leaf miner 



bug 

Oopsis nutator (Fabricius) 


Phenacoccus parvus Morrison 



mite 


armyworm 

Stoeberhinus testaceus Butler Gelechiid 

moth 

Unaspis citri (Comstock) citrus snow scale 

Pseudomonas solanacearum 

Literature 

reference 
























Maddison P.A., 1976 




02-Sep-11

Page 9 of 53 






Capsicum annuum L. / 

green pepper 

Capsicum frutescens L. 

/ chilli 

* 

b 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

n 

n 

n 

n 

v 

v 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

n 

n 

Xanthomonas vesicatoria (ex Doidge 1920) 

Vauterin, Hoste, Kersters & Swing bacterial 

spot 

Cochliobolus lunatus R.R. Nelson & Haasis 

rice and sorghum 

Fusarium sp. 



Phoma exigua Desm. fruit rot 

Phoma macrostoma Mont. 

Phoma sp. 

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary 

cottony soft rot 

Aphelenchoides besseyi Christie, 1942 

white-tip nematode 


1956 Galles 




nematode 

Cucumber mosaic virus 

Potato virus Y 


whitefly 

Cardiocondyla nuda Mayr japanese ant 





Paratrechina bourbonica Forel crazy ant 

Pheidole oceanica Mayr. 



Pulvinaria urbicola (Cockerell) urbicola 

soft scale 

Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius) ant 

Tydeus californicus Banks Tydeid mite 


Sher, 1961 


1956 Galles 

Literature 

reference 













Davis et al. 2005 

Mossop & Fry, 1984 


Hill G., 1990 

Hill G., 1990 


Hill G., 1990 

Hill G., 1990 




Hill G., 1990 

Hill G., 1990 




02-Sep-11

Page 10 of 53 






Capsicum frutescens L. 

/ chilli 

Carica papaya L. / 

pawpaw 

* 

n 

n 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

n 


1940. 

Xiphinema sp. (Bridge & Page, 1984) 

dagger nematode 


whitefly 



fly 


spider mite 


scale 




scale 

Lasiochilus sp. Minute pirate bug 

Tetranychus sp. 


spider mite 

Asperisporium caricae (Speg.) Maubl. 

black spot of papaya 

Colletotrichum sp. 



Geotrichum candidum Link 

Gibberella fujikuroi (Sawada) Wollenw. 

sett rot of sugarcane 

Gibberella fujikuroi var. subglutinans E.T. 

Edwards 



Phoma sp. 

Phomopsis sp. 


Black shank 

Phytophthora palmivora (E.J.Butler) 

E.J.Butler coconut budrot 

Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schltdl.) E.S. 

Salmon 

Criconemella sp. 

Literature 

reference 




Waterhouse D.F., 1993 

Kassim, 1993 























02-Sep-11

Page 11 of 53 






Carica papaya L. / 

pawpaw 

Carica sp. / 

Casuarina equisetifolia 

L. / common ironwood 

Catalpa speciosa 

(Warder) Warder ex 

Engelm. / cigar tree 

Catimbium speciosum 

(Wendl.) Holttum / 

Ceiba pentandra (L.) 

Gaertn. / kapok 

Cenchrus echinatus L. / 

mossman river grass 

Centella asiatica (L.) 

Urb. / pennywort 

Centotheca lappacea 

(L.) Desv. / sefa 

Centrosema pubescens 

Benth. / centro 

Cestrum sp. / 

Christella dentata 

(Forsk.) Brownsey & 

Jermy agg. / 

Chrysanthemum sp. / 

Chrysanthemum x 

morifolium Ramat / 

* 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

v 

a 

a 

n 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

a 

f 

f 

n 


Sher, 1961 


1956 Galles 




nematode 





1940. 

Papaya ringspot virus-P 


scale 


scale 






Antonina graminis (Maskell) rhodes grass 

scale 

Puccinia cenchri Dietel & Holw. 

Leptosphaeria nesodes (Berk. & Broome) 

Sacc. 



Pseudocercospora bradburyae (E. Young) 

Deighton 


Cercospora asplenii Jaap 

Erysiphe cichoracearum var. cichoracearum 

(DC.) Mérat powdery mildew 

Pratylenchus coffeae (Zimmermann, 1898) 


banana root nematode 

Literature 

reference 
























02-Sep-11

Page 12 of 53 






Citrullus lanatus 

(Thunb.) Matsum. & 

Nakai / watermelon 

Citrus aurantiifolia 

(Christm.) Swingle / lime 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

n 

n 

v 

v 

a 

a 

f 

f 

v 







mealybug 

Leptoglossus australis (Fabricius) squash 

bug 


bug 

Planococcus ficus Signoret fig mealybug 

Platysimus insularis Boh. brown weevil 

Choanephora cucurbitarum (Berk. & 

Ravenel) Thaxt. 



Didymella bryoniae (Fuckel) Rehm Gummy 

stem blight 



Phomopsis sp. 

Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp. 

damping off of seedlings 


Salmon 

Sphaerotheca fusca (Fr.) S. Blumer 

Ditylenchus sp. 


1956 Galles 


Papaya ringspot virus 


Pulvinaria polygonata Cockerell cottony 

citrus scale 

Elsinoe fawcettii Bitanc. & Jenkins Citrus 

scab 

Seuratia millardetii (Racib.) Meeker 

Citrus tristeza virus 

Literature 

reference 




























02-Sep-11

Page 13 of 53 






Citrus aurantiifolia cv. 

tahiti / 

Citrus limon (L.) 

Burm.f. / lemons 

Citrus maxima 

(Burm.f.) Merr. / 

Pomelo 

Citrus reticulata Blanco 

/ tangerine 

Citrus sinensis (L.) 

Osbeck. / orange 

* 

f 

f 

a 

f 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

n 

n 

v 

a 

a 

a 

a 

Cryptosporiopsis citri P.R. Johnst. & Full. 

Diaporthe citri F.A. Wolf citrus melanose 


citrus scale 



scab 



scale 


scale 



scale 



scale 


citrus scale 

Saissetia neglecta De Lotto carribean black 

scale 






Rhizopus stolonifer 


1940. 

Tylenchulus semipenetrans Cobb, 1913 

citrus root nematodes 






Literature 

reference 






Kassim, 1993 



Kassim, 1993 















Kassim, 1993 




02-Sep-11

Page 14 of 53 






Citrus sinensis (L.) 

Osbeck. / orange 

Citrus sp. / citrus 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 


Watson 


scale 

Parlatoria citri McKenzie 



citrus scale 

Alternaria citri Ellis & N.Pierce alternaria 

rot 

Capnodium annonae Pat. 


Daldinia concentrica (Bolton) Ces. & De 

Not. 


Ganoderma tornatum (Pers.) Bres. 




Hexagonia tenuis J.M. Hook 

Hypoxylon dieckmannii Theiss. 

Penicillium digitatum (Pers.) Sacc. 

Rhizophagus sp. 

Rhytidhysterium rufulum (Spreng.) Speg. 



whitefly 

Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) Citrus red 

scale 

Aphis craccivora Koch black legume aphid 


spider mite 

Catacanthus viridicatus D. 


Chloropulvinaria polygonata Cockerell 

shield scale 


shield scale 

Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (Morgan) 

Spanish red scale 



Literature 

reference 
































02-Sep-11

Page 15 of 53 







* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

Dialeuropora decempuncta Quaintance & 

Baker breadfruit whitefly 

Dysmicoccus sp. 

Elytroteinus subtruncatus Fairmaîre fijian 

ginger weevil 

Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret) palm scale 


scale 


scale 

Labdia dicyanitis Meyrick Cosmopterigid 

moth 

Lepidosaphes beckii (Newman) purple scale 

Morganella longispina (Morgan) armoured 

scale 

Neotermes rainbowi Hill coconut termite 

Orchamoplatus mammaeferus (Quaintance 

& Baker) 


Panonychus citri Mc Gregor Citrus red mite 



Parlatoria cinerea Hadden tropical grey 

chaff scale 

Parlatoria citri McKenzie 

Parlatoria pergandii Comstock chaff scale 

Parlatoria sp. Comstock chaff scale 

Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmead) citrus 

rust mite 

Pinnaspis aspidistrae (Signoret) 

Pinnaspis strachani (Cooley) Hibiscus 

snow scale 



Planococcus sp. mealybug 


mite 

Prays parillis (sp. nr.) Citrus blossom moth 

Pseudococcus sp. 


citrus scale 


Literature 

reference 











Baker R., 1988 




















02-Sep-11

Page 16 of 53 







* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Pulvinaria sp. 

Saissetia oleae (Bernard) Black citrus scale 

Scheloribates praeincisus Berlese Beetle 

mite 

Solenopsis geminata (Fabricius) fire ant 


armyworm 

Tiracola plagiata (Walker) Cocoa 

armyworm 

Toxoptera aurantii (Boyer de 

Fonscolombe) soursop aphid 

Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy) black citrus 

aphid 

Unaspis citri (Comstock) citrus snow scale 

Xyleborus perforans (Wollaston) Sugarcan 

ambrosia beetle 

Alternaria citri Ellis & N.Pierce alternaria 

rot 

Alternaria solani Sorauer Leaf spot 



Diplodia sp. 

Earliella scabrosa (Pers.) Gilb. & 

Ryvarden 


scab 






Penicillium digitatum (Pers.) Sacc. 

Penicillium italicum Wehmer blue mould 

Phanerochaete salmonicolor (Berk. & 

Broome) Jülich 

Phoma exigua Desm. fruit rot 

Phoma macrostoma Mont. 

Phoma sp. 

Phomopsis sp. 

Phytophthora citrophthora (R.E.Sm. & 

E.H.Sm.) Leonian cocoa black pod 

Literature 

reference 






























02-Sep-11

Page 17 of 53 







Citrus trifoliata / 

Citrus x paradisi 

Macfad. / grapefruit 

Cleome icosandra L. / 

Clerodendrum sp. / 

pagoda flower 

* 

f 

f 

f 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

v 

v 

v 

v 

n 

n 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

a 

a 


Black shank 

Phytophthora sp. 

Schizopora paradoxa (Schrad.) Donk 


Sher, 1961 










nematode 

Citrus enation-woody gall 

Citrus exocortis viroid 

Citrus leaf rugose virus 






scale 




Watson 




scale 










Literature 

reference 

















Kassim, 1993 












02-Sep-11

Page 18 of 53 






Clerodendrum 

thomsoniae Balf. / 

white bleeding-heart 

Clerodendrum X 

speciosum Dombrain / 

Clivia nobilis Lindl. / 

Coccoloba uvifera (L.) 

L. / 

Cocos nucifera L. / 

coconut 

* 

a 

a 

n 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 



Scutellonema brachyurus (Steiner, 1938) 

Andrassy, 1958 


Agonoxena argaula Meyrick coconut flat 

moth 


whitefly 

Ananca bicolor Fairmaîre blister beetle 

Anatrachyntis similis Bradley 

cosmopterigid moth 

Anoplolepis longipes Jerdon crazy ant 


scale 





scale 

Decadarchis psammaula Meyrick 

Decadarchis sp. 

Decadarchis sphenacma Meyrick 

Diocalandra taitensis (Guerin-Meneville) 

tahiti coconut weevil 



Dysmicoccus cocotis (Maskell) coconut 

mealybug 



Fiorinia fioriniae (TargioniTozzetti) 

avocado scale 

Graeffea crouanii (Le Guillou) coconut 

stick insect 



scale 


planthopper 

Literature 

reference 



























02-Sep-11

Page 19 of 53 







coconut 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Necrobia rufipes DeGeer 

Neotermes rainbowi Hill coconut termite 

Opogona sp. 

Palmicultor browni (Williams) 



Paratrechina longicornis Latreille crazy ant 


Pinnaspis sp. 


snow scale 


Pseudococcus sp. 

Rhabdoscelus obscurus (Boisduval) Cane 

weevil borer 

Sathrobota aellotricha (sp. nr.) 

Cosmopterigid moth 

Sessinia livida F. 


armyworm 

Stoeberhinus testaceus Butler Gelechiid 

moth 

Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius) ant 

Tirathaba sp. Spike moth 

Trachycentra chlorogramma 



Graphiola cocoina Pat. 


Maubl. 

Mycosphaerella gastonis (Sacc.) Lindau 

Oxydothis oedema (Mont.) K.D. Hyde 

Pestalotiopsis palmarum (Cooke) Steyaert 

Phaeosphaeria palmarum Chaudhuri{?} & 

P.N. Rao 

Phytophthora palmivora (E.J.Butler) 

E.J.Butler coconut budrot 

Pseudoepicoccum cocos (F. Stevens) M.B. 

Ellis 

Trametes marianna (Pers.) Ryvarden 

Trametes menziesii (Berk.) Ryvarden 

Literature 

reference 
































02-Sep-11

Page 20 of 53 







coconut 

Codiaeum variegatum 

(L.) A.Juss. / garden 

croton 

Coffea arabica L. / 

coffee 

Coffea sp. / coffee 

Coix lachryma-jobi L. / 

Job's tears 

Coleus sp. / 

Colocasia esculenta 

Schott / taro 

* 

n 

n 

n 

n 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

a 

a 

Aphelenchoides sp. Fischer, 1894 




nematode 






Aspergillus niger var. niger Tiegh. neck rot 

Hemileia vastatrix Berk. & Broome coffee 

leaf rust 

Mycosphaerella coffeicola (Cooke) J.A. 

Stev. & Wellman 



Sher, 1961 








Xiphinema brevicolle Lordello & da Costa, 

1961 dagger nematode 


spider mite 





Hemileia vastatrix Berk. & Broome coffee 

leaf rust 

Puccinia operta Mundk. & Thirum. 


whitefly 


Literature 

reference 


























02-Sep-11

Page 21 of 53 






Colocasia esculenta 

Schott / taro 

Commelina diffusa 

Burm. f. / watergrass 

Coprosma repens A. 

Rich. / mirror plant 

Coprosma sp. / 

Cordia subcordata Lam. 

/ 

* 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

v 

v 

f 

v 

a 

a 

a 


whitefly 





Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) Tu & Kimbr. 

Cladosporium colocasiae Sawada 


Curtis 



Nigrospora sphaerica 

Phoma sp. 

Phytophthora sp. 

Pythium arrhenomanes Drechsler cereals 

and sugarcane root rot 

Pythium irregulare Buisman root rot 

Pythium middletonii Sparrow 


Sher, 1961 



Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal, 1889) 

Chitwood, 1949 peanut root-knot nematode 




nematodes 



Dasheen mosaic virus 

Taro bacilliform virus 

Phakopsora tecta H.S. Jacks. & Holw. 




scale 



Literature 

reference 




























02-Sep-11

Page 22 of 53 






Cordyline fruticosa (L.) 

A. Cheval / variegated 

red & green dwarf ti 

Cordyline sp. / 

Cordyline terminalis / 

Crassocephalum 

crepidioides (Benth.) 

S.Moore / thick head 

Crotalaria pallida Aiton 

/ streaked rattlepod 

Croton sp. / 

Cucumis melo L. / 

melon 

Cucumis melo var. 

cantalupensis Naudin / 

snake 

Cucumis melo var. 

melopepo / 

Cucumis sativus L. / 

cucumber 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

n 

n 

a 

f 

a 

f 

f 

a 

a 

v 

v 

f 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 




Watson 







Phoma sp. 

Phyllosticta cordylinophila P.A.Young 


1956 Galles 


1940. 


scale 

Phyllosticta cordylines Sacc. & Berl. 


whitefly 


Pseudocercospora cotizensis (A.S.Mull. & 

Chupp) Deighton 


& Baker) 


leaf miner 




Salmon 





whitefly 



Literature 

reference 


























02-Sep-11

Page 23 of 53 






Cucumis sativus L. / 

cucumber 

Cucurbita maxima 

Duschesne / squash and 

marrow 

Cucurbita maxima x 

Curcurbita moschata / 

Squash 

Cucurbita moschata 

(Duch.) Duch. ex Poir. / 

squash 

Cucurbita pepo L. / 

pumpkin 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

n 

n 

n 

n 

v 

v 

a 

a 

a 

v 

v 

v 

a 

a 

a 

Diaphania indica (Saunders) cucumber 

moth 


bug 


leaf miner 


bug 


armyworm 

Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood 


stem blight 


Salmon 



Sher, 1961 




nematodes 


1940. 





mealybug 






whitefly 



leaf miner 

Literature 

reference 


























02-Sep-11

Page 24 of 53 






Cucurbita pepo L. / 

pumpkin 

Cucurbita pepo var. 

melopepo (L.) Alef. / 

field pumpkin 

Cydonia oblonga Mill. / 

quince 

Cymbopogon citratus 

(DC. ec Nees) Stapf / 

lemon grass 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) 

Pers. / Bermuda grass 

Cyperus rotundus L. / 

purple nutsedge 

Cyperus sp. / 

Cyrtosperma 

chamissonis (Schott) 

Merr. / 

Daisy sp. / 

Daucus carota subsp. 

sativus (Hoffm.) Arcang. 

/ carrot 

Davillia sp. / 

Dendrobium sp. / 

dendrobium 

* 

a 

n 

n 

n 

v 

a 

a 

f 

v 

v 

a 

f 

f 

f 

a 

a 

n 

f 

n 

n 

a 

v 

v 



Sher, 1961 

Meloidogyne incognita race 2 






whitefly 

Choanephora cucurbitarum (Berk. & 

Ravenel) Thaxt. 




spider mite 

Puccinia nakanishikii Dietel 

Puccinia cynodontis Delacr. ex Desm. 

Puccinia cyperi Arthur 





nematodes 

Alternaria dauci (J.G. Kühn) J.W. Groves & 

Skolko Leaf blight of carrot 



Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) 

Chitwood, 1949 sugarcane nematode 



Cymbidium mosaic virus 

Literature 

reference 

























02-Sep-11

Page 25 of 53 






Dendrobium sp. / 

dendrobium 

Dendrocalamus 

giganteus Wall. ex 

Munro / 

Desmodium sp. / 

Dianella intermedia 

Endl. / 

Dicranopteris linearis 

(Burm.) Underw. / old 

world forked fern 

Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) 

Koch / summer grass 

Digitaria sp. / crab 

grass 

Dioscorea alata L. / yam 

Dioscorea sp. / yam 

Duranta sp. / 

Dypsis decaryi / 

triangle palm 

Elaeis guineensis Jacq. 

/ oil palm 

Elaeocarpus 

rarotongensis 

(Cheeseman) Hemsley / 

* 

v 

a 

a 

f 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

n 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

Odontoglossum ringspot virus 

Bambusaspis bambusae (Boisduval) 


whitefly 

Chaetothyrina sp. 





Puccinia levis var. panici-sanguinalis 

(Rangel) Ramachar & Cummins 

Puccinia oahuensis Ellis & Everh. 

Puccinia levis var. panici-sanguinalis 

(Rangel) Ramachar & Cummins 











snow scale 



armyworm 


spider mite 


moth 




Aecidium elaeocarpi Racib. 

Literature 

reference 

























02-Sep-11

Page 26 of 53 






Elaeocarpus 

rarotongensis 

(Cheeseman) Hemsley / 

Elaeocarpus sp. / 

Elaeocarpus tonganus 

Burkill / 

Eleusine indica (L.) 

Gaertn. / crowsfoot grass 

Emilia sonchifolia (L.) 

DC. ex Wight / Purple 

sow thistle 

Epipremnum pinnatum 

(L.) Engl. / 

Eriobotrya japonica 

(Thunb.) Lindley / 

loquat 

Erythrina indica / 

Erythrina sp. / flame 

tree 

Eugenia sp. / 

Eugenia uniflora L. / 

Surinam cherry 

Euphorbia cyathophora 

Murray / wild poinsettia 

Euphorbia heterophylla 

L. / wild poinsettia 

Euphorbia hirta L. / 

milkweed 

Euphorbia pulcherrima 

Willd. ex Kl. / poinsettia 

Evodia hortensis Forst. 

/ 

* 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

a 

a 

a 

Korthalsella platycaula (Tiegh. ) Engl. 




scale 



whitefly 




scale 




scale 


scale 


scale 




whitefly 

Pulvinaria urbicola (Cockerell) urbicola 

soft scale 



whitefly 

Ferrisia consobrina Williams & Watson 


Salmon 


whitefly 


scale 


scale 

Literature 

reference 













Kassim, 1993 











02-Sep-11

Page 27 of 53 






Fagraea berteroana A. 

Gray ex Benth. / 

Ficus sp. / 

Fimbristylis sp. / 

Fitchia sp. / 

Fitchia speciosa 

Cheeseman / burr daisy 

tree 

Freycinetia sp. / 

Freycinetia wilderi 

Martelli / 

Gardenia jasminoides 

Ellis / cape jasmine 

* 

f 

f 

f 

a 

a 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

Phyllosticta sp. 

Stenellopsis fagraeae B. Huguenin 

Thrauste sp. 


whitefly 


Watson 

Balanophora wilderi Setchell in Wilder 



Cerococcus bryoides (Maskell) 







Watson 


scale 

Calocera fusca Lloyd 


Ryvarden 


Microporus affinis (Blume & Nees) Kuntze 


Nectria ochroleuca 

Nectria sp. 

Phellinus setulosus (Lloyd) Imazeki. 

Septobasidium sp. 

Laminicoccus pandani (Cockerell) 

pandanus mealybug 





scale 


Dialeurodes kirkaldyi (Kotinsky) kirkaldy 

whitefly 

Literature 

reference 






























02-Sep-11

Page 28 of 53 






Gardenia jasminoides 

Ellis / cape jasmine 

Gardenia sp. / 

Gardenia taitensis D.C. 

/ Tahitian gardenia 

Gerbera jamesonii 

Bolus ex Hook. f. / 

Gleichenia sp. / 

Gomphrena globosa L. 

/ malila 

Gossypium hirsutum L. 

/ 

Guettarda speciosa L. / 

Hedychium coronarium 

J. Konig / white ginger 

Hedychium flavum 

Roxb. / 

Helianthus annuus L. / 

sunflowers 

Heliconia latispatha 

Benth. / 

Heliconia psittacorum 

L. f. / Heliconia 

* 

a 

a 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

n 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

a 

a 

f 

a 

n 

n 

n 

n 




mealybug 

Meliola psychotriae Earle 


Dialeurodes kirkaldyi (Kotinsky) kirkaldy 

whitefly 


& Baker) 


Mycosphaerella gardeniae (Cooke) F.A. 

Weiss 



Cercospora gerberae Chupp & Viegas 




bollworm 


leaf miner 




Uredo guettardae Hirats. f. & Hashioka 




Oidium sp. powdery mildew 



Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal, 1889) 

Chitwood, 1949 peanut root-knot nematode 




nematodes 



Literature 

reference 





Hill G., 1990 






















02-Sep-11

Page 29 of 53 






Heliconia psittacorum 

L. f. / Heliconia 

Heliconia sp. / 

Hernandia 

nymphaeifolia (Presl) 

Kubitzki / 

Hernandia ovigera L. / 

Hibiscus mutabilis L. / 

cotton-rose 

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis 

L. / Chinese hibiscus 

Hibiscus schizopetalus 

(Mast.) Hook.f. / 

Hibiscus sp. / 

Hibiscus syriacus L. / 

rose-of-Sharon 

Hibiscus tiliaceus L. / 

sea hibiscus 

* 

n 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 
















planthopper 


bug 






spider mite 




Nemania serpens var. serpens (Pers.) Gray 




scale 



Auricularia polytricha (Mont.) Sacc. 


Ryvarden 

Phyllachora hibisci Rehm 

Literature 

reference 



























02-Sep-11

Page 30 of 53 






Hibiscus tiliaceus L. / 

sea hibiscus 

Homalium acuminatum 

Cheeseman / 

Hydnocarpus sp. / 

Hyophorbe lagenicaulis 

(L. H. Bailey) H. E. 

Moore / bottle palm 

Inga edulis Mart. / 

Inocarpus fagifer 

(Park.) Fosb. / Tahiti 

chestnut 

Inocarpus sp. / 

Ipomoea batatas (L.) 

Lam. / sweet potato 

* 

f 

f 

f 

f 

a 

n 

f 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

Pleurotus sp. 

Balanophora wilderi Setchell in Wilder 

Meliola sp. 

Myrothecium sp. 


scale 


1940. 






scale 

Phoma sp. 

Telomapea inocarpi (Racib.) G.F. Laundon 


Watson 



Agrius convolvuli (Linnaeus) sweet potato 

moth 

Antiercta ornatalis Duponchel pyralid moth 


whitefly 


spider mite 

Cophogryllus sp. cricket 

Cylas formicarius (Fabricius) sweet potato 

weevil 

Delphacodes muirella Metcalf 

Dendrothripoides ipomoeae (Karny) 

Euscepes postfasciatus (Fairmaîre) West 

Indian sweet potato weevil 

Hippotion celerio (Linnaeus) taro 

hawkmoth 

Hymenia recurvalis 

Literature 

reference 








Kassim, 1993 




















02-Sep-11

Page 31 of 53 






Ipomoea batatas (L.) 

Lam. / sweet potato 

Ipomoea pes-caprae 

subsp. brasiliensis (L.) 

Sweet (L.) V. Ooststr / 

beach moring glory 

Ixora sp. / 

Ixora triflora Benth. / 

Lactuca sativa L. / 

lettuce 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

Hypolimnas bolina (Linnaeus) blue moon 

butterfly 



bug 




armyworm 

Elsinoe batatas Viégas & Jenkins 

Monilochaetes infuscans Harter sweet 

potato scurf 


Sher, 1961 






nematodes 

Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb, 1917) 


root lesion nematode 




nematode 

Phaeoisariopsis bataticola (Cif. & Bruner) 

M.B. Ellis 


Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius) Indian 

wax scale 









bollworm 

Literature 

reference 

























02-Sep-11

Page 32 of 53 






Lactuca sativa L. / 

lettuce 

Lactuca sativa var. 

capitata L. / lettuce 

Lantana camara L. / 

lantana 

Lepturus repens (Forst. 

f.) R. Br. / 

Leucaena sp. / 

Litchi chinensis Sonn. / 

litchi 

Ludwigia octovalvis 

(Jacq.) Raven / 

Primrose willow 

Lycopersicon 

esculentum Miller / 

tomato 

* 

a 

a 

f 

n 

a 

n 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

a 

a 

a 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 


bug 


armyworm 

Cercospora longissima (Cugini) Traverso 


1940. 






whitefly 


Mycovellosiella lantanae (Chupp) 

Deighton 

Puccinia lepturi Hirats. f. 


whitefly 

Heteropsylla cubana Crawford Leucaena 

psyllid 


Cercospora ludwigiae G.F.Atk. 

Aedia leucomelas L. noctuid moth 


cutworm 

Anomis flava Fabricius cotton semi-ooper 






whitefly 

Brachycaudus helichrysi Kaltenbach thistle 

aphid 

Literature 

reference 





















Kassim, 1993 





02-Sep-11

Page 33 of 53 






Lycopersicon 


tomato 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

b 

b 

f 

f 

f 

f 



Cyrtopeltis tenuis (Reuter) tomato capsid 

Epilachna vigintioctopunctata (Fabricius) 

Eggplant ladybird beetle 


mealybug 


bollworm 

Helicoverpa assulta (Guenée) Tobacco 

budworm 

Hymenia recurvalis 


scale 


bug 


leaf miner 


bug 







mite 


armyworm 

Telostylinus sp. 


Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood 

Erwinia chrysanthemi Burkholder, 

McFadden & Dimock 1953 bacteriam heart 

rot 


Alternaria solani Sorauer Leaf spot 


Colletotrichum capsici (Syd.) E.J. Butler & 

Bisby leaf spot of peppers 



Literature 

reference 





























02-Sep-11

Page 34 of 53 






Lycopersicon 


tomato 

Macadamia sp. / 

Macropiper sp. / 

Macroptilium 

lathyroides (L.) Urban / 

cow pea 

Malus sylvestris (L.) 

Mill. / 

* 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

v 

v 

a 

a 

f 

a 

Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) 

Sacc. 

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici W.C. 

Snyder & H.N. Hansen 

Mycovellosiella fulva (Cooke) Arx Tomato 

leaf mould 

Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary 

potato late blight 


Black shank 

Pseudocercospora fuligena (Roldan) 

Deighton black leaf mould of tomato 

Septoria lycopersici Speg. 

Verticillium sp. 






nematodes 



Pratylenchus scribneri Steiner, 1943 root 

lesion nematode 





1940. 


nematode 

Potato virus Y 

Tobacco mosaic virus 


whitefly 






Literature 

reference 


















Davis et al., 2005 







02-Sep-11

Page 35 of 53 






Malus sylvestris (L.) 

Mill. / 

Malvastrum 

coromandelianum (L.) 

Garcke / te'ehosi 

Malvaviscus arboreus 

Cav. / 

Mammea americana L. 

/ 

Mangifera indica L. / 

mango 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 


scale 








scale 


scale 


whitefly 

Anisodes samoana foliage worm 


Aspidiotus sp. 



fly 

Bombotelia jocosatrix (Guenée) mango 

moth 



shield scale 





Dudua aprobola (Meyrick) leaf curling 

moth 



Eurhodope ardescens Meyrick 


mealybug 

Gymnoscelis imperatalis Walker Flower 

looper moth 

Gymnoscelis sp. 


Literature 

reference 













Kassim, 1993 















02-Sep-11

Page 36 of 53 






Mangifera indica L. / 

mango 

Manihot esculenta 

Crantz / cassava 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

n 

n 

n 

n 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 


scale 


scale 






mite 




Thalassodes sp. Leaf-eating looper 

caterpillar 

Cercospora mangiferae Koord. 

Colletotrichum acutatum JH Simmonds 

black spot of strawberry 

Colletotrichum sp. 

Daldinia concentrica (Bolton) Ces. & De 

Not. 



Schizophyllum commune Fr. 






1940. 




whitefly 



Auricularia polytricha (Mont.) Sacc. 

Elsinoe brasiliensis Bitanc. & Jenkins 


Maubl. 

Mycosphaerella henningsii Sivan. Brown 

leaf spot of cassava 

Schizophyllum commune Fr. 

Literature 

reference 




























02-Sep-11

Page 37 of 53 






Manihot esculenta 

Crantz / cassava 

Medicago sativa L. / 

lucerne 

Meliola sp. / 

Merremia umbellata 

(L.) Hallier f. / hogvine 

Metrosideros collina (J. 

R. Forst. & G. Forst.) A. 

Gray / 

Metrosideros villosa (L.) 

Sm. / 

Mikania micrantha 

Kunth. / mile-a-minute 

Mimosa pudica L. / 

giant sensitive plant 

Momordica charantia 

L. / Bitter gourd 

Monstera deliciosa 

Liebm. / monstera 

Morinda citrifolia L. / 

noni 

* 

n 

n 

n 

n 

a 

f 

f 

a 

f 

f 

f 

a 

f 

f 

f 

v 

v 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 


Sher, 1961 




nematodes 




leaf miner 

Atractilina parasitica (G. Winter) Deighton 

& Piroz. 

Spiropes japonicus (Henn.) M.B. Ellis 


whitefly 

Meliolina cookii S. Hughes 


Pleurotus australis (Cooke & Massee) 

Sacc. 


Watson 

Cercospora mikaniicola F. Stevens 

Cercospora pudicae J.M. Yen 


stem blight 











Tropicomyia sp. Leafminer 

Cephaleuros virescens Kunze 


Curtis 

Literature 

reference 



















Kassim, 1993 








02-Sep-11

Page 38 of 53 






Morinda citrifolia L. / 

noni 

Mucuna gigantea 

(Willd.) DC. / 

Musa sp. / banana & 

plantain 

* 

f 

f 

f 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

f 

f 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

Macrophoma morindae T.S.Ramakr. & 

Sundaram 

Nectria haematococca Berk. & Broome 

Puiggarina morindae (Koord.) Speg. 


1956 Galles 




nematodes 





Maubl. 

Meliola mucunae Hansf. 

Phyllachora sp. 





scale 


Asymphorodes sp. cosmopterigid moth 

Carpophilus maculatus Murray dried fruit 

beetle 







scale 



Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) banana 

weevil 

Cosmopterix sp. cosmopterigid moth 

Dactylosternum abdominale 

Dactylosternum subquadratum Fairmaire 

scavenger beetle 

Diaspis boisduvalii Signoret boisduval scale 

Literature 

reference 






























02-Sep-11

Page 39 of 53 







plantain 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 






mealybug 



scale 


scale 

Lasiochilus sp. Minute pirate bug 




Pentalonia nigronervosa Coquerel Banana 

aphid 

Pheidole megacephala (Fabricius) bogheaded 

ant 



snow scale 

Polytus mellerborgi (Boheman) banana 

corm weevil 

Proscopus veitchi Jordan fungus weevil 



Rhabdoscelus obscurus (Boisduval) Cane 

weevil borer 

Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) maize aphid 



armyworm 

Spodoptera mauritia acronyctoides Guenée 

rice swarming armyworm 

Stenommatus musae Marshall weevil 

Tetranychus lambi Prichard & Baker 

banana spider mite 


Tiracola plagiata (Walker) Cocoa 

armyworm 

Trachycentra calamias Meyrick tineid moth 

Trachycentra chlorogramma 

Literature 

reference 





























02-Sep-11

Page 40 of 53 







plantain 

Musa troglodytarum L. 

/ fe'i banana 

Nerium oleander L. / 

oleander 

* 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

v 

v 

v 

f 

a 


Curtis 

Colletotrichum musae (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) 

Arx banana crown rot 

Cordana musae (Zimm.) Höhn. 

Deightoniella torulosa (Syd.) M.B. Ellis 

Guignardia musae F. Stevens freckle 

disease of banana 

Mycosphaerella fijiensis M. Morelet Black 

leaf streak 

Mycosphaerella musae (Speg.) Syd. & P. 

Syd. 

Mycosphaerella musicola R. Leach yellow 

sigatoka 

Ramichloridium musae Stahel 


Sher, 1961 







Pratylenchus coffeae (Zimmermann, 1898) 


banana root nematode 


nematode 


Radopholus similis (Cobb, 1893) Thorne, 

1949 Burrowing nematode 

Radopholus sp. Thorne, 1949. 



Xiphinema ensiculiferum (Cobb, 1893) 

Thorne, 1937 dagger nematode 

Banana streak virus 



Mycosphaerella fijiensis M. Morelet Black 

leaf streak 


Literature 

reference 



























02-Sep-11

Page 41 of 53 






Nerium oleander L. / 

oleander 

Nicotiana tabacum L. / 

tobacco 

Ocimum basilicum L. / 

basil 

Ocimum gratissimum L. 

/ wild basil 

Ocimum sp. L. / 

Oidium sp. / powdery 

mildew 

Oplismenus sp. / 

Origanum sp. / oregano 

Pandanus 

odoratissimus / 

Pandanus sp. / 

screwpine 

Pandanus spurius Miq. 

/ weaving pandanus 

Pandanus tectorius 

Parkinson / 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

n 

n 

n 

f 

f 





bollworm 



scale 


Ampelomyces quisqualis Ces. 

Meliola panici Earle 




Dysmicoccus cocotis (Maskell) coconut 

mealybug 

Dysmicoccus mangaianus Williams & 

Watson 


scale 











Microcyclus pandani B. Huguenin 

Aphelenchoides sp. Fischer, 1894 


Sher, 1961 




Microcyclus pandani B. Huguenin 

Literature 

reference 


















Hill G., 1990 









02-Sep-11

Page 42 of 53 






Pandanus tectorius 

Parkinson / 

Panicum maximum 

Jacq. / guinea grass 

Paraserianthes 

falcataria (L.) I.C. 

Nielson / Molucca 

albizia 

Passiflora edulis Sims. / 

passion fruit 

Pedilanthus sp. / 

Pemphis acidula JR& 

G.Forst. / 

Persea americana Mill. 

/ avocado 

* 

f 

f 

a 

a 

f 

n 

v 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 


Uromyces setariae-italicae Yoshino 

Andaspis hawaiiensis (Maskell) hawaiian 

scale 









scale 




whitefly 



fly 


Crossotarsus externedentatus (Fairmaîre) 

Ambrosia beetles 


Cryptophlebia pallifimbriana Bradley fruit 

borer 


mealybug 

Fiorinia fioriniae (TargioniTozzetti) 

avocado scale 



scale 

Labdia dicyanitis Meyrick Cosmopterigid 

moth 

Oceanaspidiotus spinosus (Comstock) 


snow scale 

Literature 

reference 













Kassim, 1993 













02-Sep-11

Page 43 of 53 






Persea americana Mill. 

/ avocado 

Petroselinum crispum 

(Mill.) Nym. ex A.W. 

Hill / Parsley 

Phaseolus lunatus L. / 

lima bean 

Phaseolus sp. / Beans 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

n 

n 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 


mite 








Sher, 1961 


nematodes 

Alternaria tenuissima (Kunze) Wiltshire 


leaf miner 

Anticarsia irrorata (Fabricius) noctuid 

moth 





spider mite 




mealybug 


bollworm 

Lamprosema diemenalis (Guenée) bean 

leafroller 


bug 


leaf miner 

Maruca testulalis (Geyer) 


bug 



mite 

Tetranychus ludeni Zacher 

Literature 

reference 



























02-Sep-11

Page 44 of 53 






Phaseolus sp. / Beans 

Phaseolus vulgaris L. / 

haricot bean 

Phyllanthus amarus 

Sch. & Thonn. / te 

kaimatu 

Phyllanthus sp. / 

Phymatosorus grossus 

(Langsdorff & Fischer) 

Brownlie / 

Physalis angulata L. / 

annual ground cherry 

Pimenta dioica (L.) 

Merr. / allspice 

Piper methysticum G. 

Forst. / kava 

Piper nigrum L. / black 

pepper 

Pittosporum 

rarotongensis 

Cheeseman / 

Plantago major L. / 

greater plantain 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

n 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

a 

a 

f 

a 

f 

v 

a 

f 

a 

Tetranychus neocaledonicus André 


spider mite 

Zizina otis Fabricius Blue butterfly 






Maubl. 





whitefly 


whitefly 


scale 

Cryptomycella sp. 

Cercospora physalidis Ellis 




scale 

Cephaleuros virescens Kunze 

Cerococcus bryoides (Maskell) 

Stachylidium bicolor Link 



scale 

Meliola polytricha Speg. 



Literature 

reference 


























02-Sep-11

Page 45 of 53 






Plumeria rubra L. / 

frangipani 

Plumeria rubra f. 

acutifolia (Poir.) 

Woodson / 

Plumeria sp. / 

frangipani 

Polyscias fruticosa (L.) 

Harms / 

Polyscias guilfoylei (W. 

Bull) L. H. Bailey / 

Polyscias scutellaria 

(Burm. f.) Fosberg / 

Poncirus trifoliata (L.) 

Raf. / 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 


scale 




mealybug 


scale 

Lagocheirus undatus Voet. Frangipani 

borer 


citrus scale 

Coleosporium plumeriae Pat. 



Triposporiopsis sp. 


scale 

Chloropulvinaria polygonata Cockerell 

shield scale 





scale 



Pseudocercospora panacis (Thirum. & 

Chupp) Y.L. Guo & X.J. Liu 


Pestalotiopsis annulata (Berk. & M.A. 

Curtis) Steyaert 



Pseudocercospora polysciadis (S.K.Sun) 

J.M.Yen 



Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. 



Literature 

reference 







Kakishima et al., 1995 


















02-Sep-11

Page 46 of 53 






Poncirus trifoliata (L.) 

Raf. / 

Prunus persica (L.) 

Batsch / peach 

Psidium guajava L. / 

guava 

Puccinia levis var. 

tricholaenae (Syd. & P. 

Syd.) Ramachar & 

Cummins / 

Puccinia operta Mundk. 

& Thirum. / 

Punica granatum L. / 

pomegranate 

* 

f 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

a 

Poitrasia circinans (H.Nagan & N.Rawak) 

P.M.Kirk 



1956 Galles 


1940. 






spider mite 






spider mite 






mealybug 


scale 







Pestalotiopsis disseminata (Thüm.) Steyaert 

Pseudocercospora sawadae (W. Yamam.) 

Goh & W.H. Hsieh 

Eudarluca caricis (Biv.) O.E. Erikss. 

Eudarluca caricis (Biv.) O.E. Erikss. 


scale 

Literature 

reference 



























02-Sep-11

Page 47 of 53 






Randia tahitensis / 

Raphanus sativus L. / 

raddish 

Rosa chinensis Jacq. / 

Rosa indica / 

Rosa sp. / 

Rotheca myricoides 

(Hochst.) Steane & 

Mabb / butterfly bush 

Saccharum officinarum 

L. / sugar cane 

Scaevola taccada 

(Gaertn.) Roxb. / 

Schleinitzia insularum 

(Guillemin)Burkart / 

Sida rhombifolia L. / 

broom weed 

* 

a 

a 

a 

n 

a 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

n 

n 

n 

a 

a 

a 






Sher, 1961 


scale 

Mycosphaerella rosigena (Ellis & Everh.) 

Lindau 


scale 



whitefly 


scale 

Mycosphaerella rosigena (Ellis & Everh.) 

Lindau 




Bipolaris sacchari (Butl.) Shoemaker 

eyespot 

Glomerella tucumanensis (Speg.) Arx & E. 

Müll. 

Puccinia kuehnii (W. Krüger) E.J. Butler 

sugarcane leaf rust 

Setosphaeria rostrata K.J.Leonard 


Sher, 1961 






scale 


scale 



Literature 

reference 













Wearing C.H., 1981 









Hill G., 1988 



02-Sep-11

Page 48 of 53 






Solanum mauritianum 

Scop. / pula 

Solanum melongena L. 

/ aubergine 

* 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

Cladosporium sp. 


cutworm 


Araecerus vieillardi Montr. fungus weevil 



whitefly 





Cyrtopeltis tenuis (Reuter) tomato capsid 




mealybug 

Helicoverpa assulta (Guenée) Tobacco 

budworm 


scale 


bug 


leaf miner 



bug 






snow scale 




mite 



armyworm 

Literature 

reference 




























02-Sep-11

Page 49 of 53 






Solanum melongena L. 

/ aubergine 

Solanum nodiflorum 

Jacq. / 

Solanum torvum Sw. / 

prickly solanum 

Solanum tuberosum L. 

/ potato 

Sonchus oleraceus L. / 

sowthistle 

Sophora tomentosa L. / 

Sorghum bicolor (L.) 

Moench / sorghum 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

b 

f 

f 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

n 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 



Tetranychus ludeni Zacher 



spider mite 






Sher, 1961 




nematodes 

Pratylenchus gibbicaudatus Minagawa, 

1982 root lesion nematode 




nematode 

Pseudocercospora atromarginalis (G.F. 

Atk.) Deighton 


whitefly 


whitefly 




leaf miner 

Cercospora sonchi Chupp 


Watson 

Cercospora sorghi Ellis & Everh. grey leaf 

spot of sorghum 

Glomerella graminicola D.J. Politis leaf 

spot of cereals 

Leptosphaeria sp. 

Puccinia purpurea Cooke rust of grasses 

and sorghum 

Puccinia sorghi Schwein. common corn rust 

Literature 

reference 



























02-Sep-11

Page 50 of 53 






Sorghum sp. / 

Sporobolus sp. / 

Strelitzia nicolai / 

white Bird-of-paradise 

Synedrella nodiflora 

(L.) Gaertn. / synedrella 

Syzygium cumini (L.) 

Skeels / 

Syzygium jambos (L.) 

Alston / Rose apple 

Syzygium malaccense 

(L.) Merr. & Perry / 

mountain apple 

Tacca leontopetaloides 

(L.) Kuntze / East 

Indian arrowroot 

Tectona grandis L.f. / 

teak 

Telfairia pedata Hook / 

oyster nut 

Terminalia catappa L. / 

tropical almond 

Theobroma cacao L. / 

cacao 

* 

a 

f 

a 

a 

a 

f 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

a 

f 

a 

a 

a 

f 

f 

a 

n 

n 

n 

a 

a 


bollworm 

Spegazzinia deightonii (Hughes) 

Subramanian 




whitefly 

Pseudocercospora synedrellae (J.M. Yen & 

Gilles) Deighton 





scale 



Pseudocercospora sp. 



scale 

Megatrioza vitiensis Kirkaldy 

Cercospora taccae (Syd. & P. Syd.) Chupp 



scale 









Watson 

Literature 

reference 








Kassim, 1993 



Kassim, 1993 



Kassim & Allwood, 1994 









Kassim, 1993 



02-Sep-11

Page 51 of 53 






Theobroma cacao L. / 

cacao 

tithonia diversifolia 

(Hemsl.) A. Gray / 

matala 

Trifolium repens L. / 

Triumfetta procumbens 

Forst. f. / beach burr 

Vanilla planifolia Andr. 

/ vanilla 

Vanilla tahitensis J. W. 

Moore / vanilla 

Vernonia cinerea (L.) 

Less / vernonia 

Vetchia merrillii / 

manila palm 

Vigna marina (Burm. f.) 

Merr. / dune bean 

Vigna radiata (L.) 

Wilczek / mung bean 

Vigna sp. / 

Vigna unguiculata 

subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) 

Verdc. / haricot long 

Vitis sp. / grape 

* 

a 

a 

a 

f 

n 

f 

v 

v 

v 

v 

v 

v 

a 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

n 

a 

f 

f 

n 

n 

a 


bollworm 


Planococcus pacificus Cox pacific 

mealybug 

Phaeoramularia tithoniae (Baker & W.T. 

Dale) Deighton 


nematode 

Cercospora triumfetticola Munjal, Lall & 

Chona 



Vanilla mosaic virus 



Vanilla mosaic virus 


whitefly 


moth 

Cercospora canescens Ellis & G. Martin 

Erysiphe betae (Vanha) Weltzien powdery 

mildew 


Uromyces vignae Barclay 




leaf miner 

Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & P. Syd. 

soyabean rust 

Cercospora canescens Ellis & G. Martin 






Literature 

reference 









Pearson et al., 1993 


















02-Sep-11

Page 52 of 53 






Vitis sp. / grape 

Vitis vinifera L. / wine 

grape 

Weinmannia 

rarotongensis 

Cheeseman / 

Xanthium pungens 

Wallr. / noogoora burr 

Xanthosoma 

sagittifolium (L.) Schott 

/ tannia 

Xanthosoma sp. / 

Xylosma gracile 

Hemsley / 

Zea mays L. / maize 

Zingiber officinale 

Roscoe / ginger 

* 

a 

a 

a 

f 

a 

f 

f 

f 

a 

f 

f 

f 

f 

a 

f 

f 

v 

v 

f 

a 

a 

a 

n 

n 

n 

a 


spider mite 


scale 

Oceanaspidiotus spinosus (Comstock) 

Pseudocercospora vitis (Lév.) Speg. 



Nemania serpens var. serpens (Pers.) Gray 




whitefly 


Colletotrichum crassipes (Speg.) Arx 



Pythium arrhenomanes Drechsler cereals 

and sugarcane root rot 



Curvularia fallax Boedijn 

Leptosphaerulina chartarum Cec. Roux 

Dasheen mosaic virus 

Taro bacilliform virus 

Meliola scolopiae var. zeylanica 





bollworm 


nematodes 

Pratylenchus zeae Graham, 1951 rootlesion 

nematode of maize 




Literature 

reference 




























02-Sep-11

Page 53 of 53 






Zingiber officinale 

Roscoe / ginger 

Zingiber zerumbet (L.) 

Smith / wild ginger 

Zinnia elegans Jacq. / 

zinnia 

* 

a 

a 

a 

a 

n 

n 

a 

f 

f 

Carpophilus dimidiatus Fabricius 




Pentalonia nigronervosa Coquerel Banana 

aphid 




1940. 


scale 

Alternaria zinniae M.B. Ellis 

Cercospora zinniae Ellis & G. Martin 



Total number of host-pest cases: 1315 

f 

Prepared in collaboration with the 

Plant Protection Service, Secretariat of the Pacific 

Literature 

reference 











This information is provided in good faith from the best records available at the time. The Secretariat of 

the Pacific Community cannot accept responsibility for any consequences arising from the use of this data. 

For further information please contact the Government Department and / or the SPC Plant Protection 

By request from users, where more than one occurrence of a 

pest has been recorded on the same host, 

only a single occurrence is displayed. 


02-Sep-11

Cook Islands Pest Lists

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