ekonomikuri urTierTobebis kvleva saqarTvelosa da somxeTs Soris ...
ekonomikuri urTierTobebis kvleva saqarTvelosa da somxeTs Soris ...
ekonomikuri urTierTobebis kvleva saqarTvelosa da somxeTs Soris ...
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<strong>ekonomikuri</strong> <strong>urTierTobebis</strong> <strong>kvleva</strong> <strong>saqarTvelosa</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>somxeTs</strong> <strong>Soris</strong><br />
Tumca 1990-ian wlebSi sasoflo-sameurneo produqciis warmoebis SemcirebaSi ar<br />
SeiZleba mxolod komunizmis <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>naSauleba. jer kidev Zveli sistemis farglebSi<br />
SeiZlebo<strong>da</strong> kerZo sasoflo-sameurneo produqciis warmoeba. rogorc aRniSnaven<br />
fi<strong>da</strong>si <strong>da</strong> maknikolasi IBRD_<strong>da</strong>n (msoflio banki):<br />
44<br />
1990-ian wlebSi kerZo seqtorma awarmoa sasoflo-sameurneo produqtebis<br />
46%, rac saxelmwifo meurneobis mier warmoebul produqcias TiTqmis orjer<br />
aWarbeb<strong>da</strong>. saxelmwifo sistemis Tanaxmad, miwis nakveTebis garkveuli nawili<br />
ijariT hqon<strong>da</strong>T aRebuli fermerebsa <strong>da</strong> qalaqis mosaxleobas, sa<strong>da</strong>c isini misdevdnen<br />
mecxoveleobasa <strong>da</strong> mohyav<strong>da</strong>T simindi. sabWoTa periodSi xorcis, rZis<br />
produqtebisa <strong>da</strong> kercxis raodenobis naxevars kerZo seqtori awarmoeb<strong>da</strong>. 84<br />
soflis meurneobis sistemis ganadgurebis mizezi, sabWoTa kavSiris rRvevasTan<br />
erTad, misi araswori marTvac iyo. gansakuTrebiT ki 1992 wels <strong>da</strong>wyebuli miwis<br />
reforma, romelic ganamtkica 1996 wels miRebulma kanonma sasoflo-sameurneo<br />
miwis kerZo sakuTrebis Sesaxeb. ganxorciel<strong>da</strong> miwis nakveTebis <strong>da</strong>nawevreba, magram<br />
sakmaod garTul<strong>da</strong> maTi registracia <strong>da</strong> gayidva. vardebis revoluciis Semdeg<br />
ganxorcielebulma reformebma swrafad Secvala situacia, Tumca sakuTrebis bazari<br />
mxolod axla iqmneba. Sedegad, 656000 fermeri<strong>da</strong>n umetesobas aqvs 1 ha-mde miwis<br />
nakveTi <strong>da</strong> 16000-ze naklebs _ 4 ha-ze meti. 85<br />
soflis meurneobis problemebi kidev ufro gaamwvava infrastruqturaSi arsebulma<br />
sirTuleebma. mTavaria, mowesrigdes <strong>da</strong>zianebuli <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>ngreuli satransporto<br />
magistralebi <strong>da</strong> sairigacio sistema. marTalia, mimdinareobs maTi reabilitacia,<br />
magram samuSaoebis <strong>da</strong>srulebis TariRi jer isev gaurkvevelia. <strong>da</strong>- bolos, Tu adre<br />
momarageba warmoadgen<strong>da</strong> istoriul problemas, dRes ukve aranaklebi sirTule<br />
Seqmna moTxovnis gazr<strong>da</strong>m, gansakuTrebiT mas Semdeg, rac ruseTma, 2005 wlis<br />
dekemberSi sasoflo-sameurneo produqtebze, xolo 2006 wlis martSi Rvinosa <strong>da</strong><br />
Rvinis produqtebze, saqarTvelos embargo <strong>da</strong>uwesa. 86<br />
Tumca, qveyanis agrarulobam <strong>da</strong> potenciurad nayofierma (produqtiulma) miwam<br />
ganamtkica azri, rom agrobiznesi SeiZleba gaxdes mTliani ganviTarebis sawin<strong>da</strong>ri.<br />
am azrs amyarebs monacemebi soflis meurneobis, rogorc saqarTvelos mosaxleobis<br />
umetesobis Semosavlis erTaderTi wyaros Sesaxeb. sanam misi wili mTlian Si<strong>da</strong><br />
produqtebSi mcirdeba (17.3 % _ 2000 wels nominaluri mTliani Si<strong>da</strong> produqtebi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
<strong>da</strong> 14.6% _ 2006 wels), 87 soflis meurneobis roli sakmaod Zlieria qveynis <strong>da</strong>saqmebis<br />
sferoSi, radgan saqarTvelos mosaxleobis didi nawili agrarul saqmianobaSia<br />
CarTuli. 88<br />
84<br />
penelopa fi<strong>da</strong>si <strong>da</strong> jim maknikolsi, `miwis reformis administrirebis saWiroeba: revoluciis <strong>da</strong>sawyisi~,<br />
reformis warmarTva, saerTa<strong>Soris</strong>o banki rekonstruqciisa <strong>da</strong> ganviTarebisTvis”, (2007), gv. 38.<br />
(http://www.reformersclub.org/documents/reform/FullSetOfCaseStudies.pdf)<br />
85<br />
gaerTianebuli erebis ganviTarebis programisa <strong>da</strong> kavkasiis resursebis kvlevis centris m<strong>kvleva</strong>rTa jgufi<br />
gaesaubra riCard hurelbrinks, AgVantage-is direqtors (20 agvisto, 2007).<br />
86<br />
2005 wlis dekemberSi ruseTis soflis meurneobis saministrom droebiTi SezRudva <strong>da</strong>awesa saqarTvelo<strong>da</strong>n<br />
importirebul produqtebze. ix. `ruseTma SezRu<strong>da</strong> saqarTvelo<strong>da</strong>n produqtebis importi~, civiluri saqarTvelo<br />
(20 dekemberi, 2005). amas mohyva SezRudvebi Rvinis importis sferoSi sanitariuli moTxovnis safuZvelze.<br />
ix. `ruseTi krZalavs qarTuli Rvinis imports~, civiluri saqarTvelo (30 marti, 2006).<br />
87<br />
<strong>ekonomikuri</strong> politikis <strong>da</strong> samarTlebrivi sakiTxebis qarTul-evropuli sakonsultacio centri (GEPLAC),<br />
saqarTvelos <strong>ekonomikuri</strong> tendenciebi, kvartaluri angariSi (ivlisi, 2007). gv. 13.<br />
88<br />
AgVantage-is angariSi, saqarTvelos erovnuli sasursaTo <strong>da</strong> soflis meurneobis strategia: 2006-2015 (seqtemberi,<br />
2006).
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