ekonomikuri urTierTobebis kvleva saqarTvelosa da somxeTs Soris ...
ekonomikuri urTierTobebis kvleva saqarTvelosa da somxeTs Soris ... ekonomikuri urTierTobebis kvleva saqarTvelosa da somxeTs Soris ...
ekonomikuri urTierTobebis kvleva saqarTvelosa da somxeTs Soris saqarTvelos prezidentis mixeil saakaSvilis intervius Tanaxmad, 28 dabali rangis moxeleebs xSirad eSiniaT gadawyvetilebis miReba, radgan isini ar arian sakmaod kompetenturebi da fiqroben, rom nebismieri gadawyvetilebis gadadeba situaciidan saukeTeso gamosavalia. umetes SemTxvevaSi, finansuri instituciebi erTmaneTs abraleben TavianT Secdomebs, rac iwvevs procedurebis gaWianurebas da garTulebas. dabolos, am saqmeSi yvelaze metad mewarmeebi iCagrebian. 48 sxva finansuri instituciebis msgavsad, sabaJos aqvs yovelTviuri gegma, rac xels uwyobs sabaJos moxeleebis mier maRali sanqciebisa da jarimebis dawesebas. es gansakuTrebiT problematuri gaxda am bolo dros, radgan mebaJeebi kargad ver erkvevian axal kanonmdeblobaSi da fiqroben, rom gaurkvevlobis SemTxvevaSi saukeTeso gamosavali jarimis dawesebaa. sakanonmdeblo reformebi sakanonmdeblo reformebma, Tavis mxriv, Seamcira movaWreebis administraciuli da lojistikuri tvirTi, Tumca, arsebobs Zveli sistemis sxvadasxva aspeqti, romlebic, miuxedavad SezRudvisa, mainc moqmedebs. pirveli, “rezervis Rirebulebis” sistema isev gamoiyeneba. am sistemis Tanaxmad, saqarTveloSi importirebuli tipuri saqonlis erTeulis fasi ganisazRvreba ara TandarTuli invoisis safuZvelze, aramed mTavrobis mier gansazRvruli fasebis mixedviT. ganbaJebis arsebuli procedurebis mixedviT, rezervis Sefaseba yvelaze farTod gavrcelebuli kanondarRvevaa. es problemebs uqmnis movaWreebs, radgan fasis SerCeva xdeba istoriuli monacemebiT da SeuZlebelia ufro iafi importis moZieba. yvelaze ufro dazaralda is bazrebi, sadac fasebi swrafad izrdeba. Cven SeveswariT aseT SemTxvevas: qarTvel importiors CineTidan Semohqonda ucnobi mwarmoeblis brtyelekraniani televizorebi adre dafiqsirebuli fasis 1/4-ad, gadasaxadebi ki unda gadaexada adrindeli fasis mixedviT (anu 48%-iT meti realur fasze). Sesabamisad, saqonlis Semotana misTvis aramomgebiani gaxda. 49 tarifebis Semcireba momgebiani gaxda saerTaSoriso doneze. radgan tarifebi sasoflo-sameurneo produqtebze SenarCunebulia, qarTuli bazari isev SezRuduli rCeba. es dakavSirebulia Semdeg problemebTan: pirveli, rogorc pirvel nawilSi aRvniSneT, qarTvelebisa da somxebisTvis erTnairad Znelia warmomavlobis sabuTis mopoveba da isinic ar iyeneben maT kanonier upiratesobas. meore, im adamianebis umetesoba, visac Cven gavesaubreT, mxars uWers mTavrobis mier sasoflo-sameurneo produqtebze gadasaxadebis gauqmebas. evropuli samezoblo politika da msoflio savaWro organizacia evropuli samezoblo politika 2007 wlis maisSi, saqarTvelos mTavrobam miiRo evropuli samezoblo politikis strategiis ganxorcielebis samoqmedo gegma. msgavsi dokumenti arsebobs somxeTSic. 50 48 mixeil saakaSvili, interviu civilur saqarTvelosTan (21 Tebervali, 2007). 49 http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/pdf/action_plans/armenia_enp_ap_fi nal_en.pdf 50 http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/pdf/action_plans/armenia_enp_ap_fi nal_en.pdf
egionuli vaWrobis ganviTareba samcxe-javaxeTSi evropuli samezoblo politika erT-erTi mTavari elementia misi ganviTarebis politikis gegmaSi. 51 am politikis ganxorcielebis erT-erTi mTavari mizezia saerTaSoriso bazridan miRebuli pirdapiri sargebeli. Tumca, rogorc qarTulevropuli politika da iuridiuli sakonsultacio centri acxadebs, “evropuli samezoblo politikis arapirdapiri sargebeli “ufro metia,” vidre pirdapiri. es aris evrogaerTianebis ekonomikur mimarTulebasTan SeTanxmeba, rasac garkveuli investiciebisa da ekonomikuri zrdis motana SeuZlia partniori qveynisTvis.” 52 evropuli samezoblo politikis xelmomwerebi orive mxridan aRiareben, rom maT surT procedurebis gamartiveba da erTmaneTTan Serwyma, aseve, korufciis winaaRmdeg brZola. evropuli samezoblo politikis mixedviT, arsebobs CarCo, romlis farglebSic SesaZlebelia amis ganxorcieleba. erT mizanTan sxvadasxva reformis dakavSireba axdens evrogaerTianebis, somxeTisa da saqarTvelos politikis koordinirebas, Tumca am reformebis ganxorcielebis done gansxvavebulia. msoflio savaWro organizacia saqarTvelo msoflio savaWro organizaciis wevria 2000 wlis ivnisidan, somxeTi ki _ 2003 wlis Tebervlidan. msoflio savaWro organizacia gvTavazobs struqturas, romlis mixedviTac SesaZlebeli iqneba sabaJo kvotis gauqmeba da tarifebis Semcireba. saqarTveloSi mimdinare sabaJo reformisTvis ufro mniSvnelovania is, rom msoflio savaWro organizacia uzrunvelyofs specifikuri sabaJo regulaciebis eqspertizas. evropuli samezoblo politikisa da msoflio savaWro organizaciis roli ENP orive, evropuli samezoblo politika da msoflio savaWro organizacia mxars uWeren sabaJo reformis ganxorcielebas. maTi organizaciuli struqtura da maTi specialistebis profesionalizmi gansxvavebulia. evropuli Tanamegobrobis politikis miznebi ufro farToa, radgan maT surT ara mxolod sabaJo regulaciebis gamWvirvaloba da efeqturoba, aramed am regulaciebis koordinireba evrogaerTianebis kanonmdeblobasTan. radgan evropuli samezoblo politikis mizania reformebis zogadi mimdinareobis xelSewyoba. is ar axdens misi wevrebis SezRudvas kanonieri gadawyvetilebebiT. is Tavisuflebas aZlevs maT. magaliTad, evropuli Tanamegobrobis politikis bolo samoqmedo gegmaSi, evrogaerTianeba iZleva saqarTveloSi sabaJo reformis prioritetebis sias, romelic moicavs 2006 wlis sabaJo kodeqsis srulad miRebas, procedurebis gamartivebas, biznes-sazogadoebasTan konsultaciebs da administraciuli SesaZleblobebis gaZlierebas. 53 Tumca, direqtivebi am miznebis miRwevis konkretuli gzebis Sesaxeb ar arsebobs. teqnikuri rekomendacia, romelsac es dokumenti iZleva, Semdegi rCeviT amoiwureba:, 51 saqarTvelos mTavrobis dokumenti, ZiriTadi informacia da direqtivebi 2008-2011, (2007), gv. 5. ix: http://www.imf.ge/aattach/285.pdf 52 qarTul-evropuli politika da iuridiuli sakonsultacio centri, qarTuli ekonomikuri tendenciebi (ivlisi, 2007), gv. 7. 53 evropuli samezoblo politika, samoqmedo gegma, miRebuli saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier (maisi, 2007), gv. 6. (http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/pdf/action_plans/georgia_enp_ap_fi nal_en.pdf). 29
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<strong>ekonomikuri</strong> <strong>urTierTobebis</strong> <strong>kvleva</strong> <strong>saqarTvelosa</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>somxeTs</strong> <strong>Soris</strong><br />
saqarTvelos prezidentis mixeil saakaSvilis intervius Tanaxmad,<br />
28<br />
<strong>da</strong>bali rangis moxeleebs xSirad eSiniaT ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis miReba, radgan isini<br />
ar arian sakmaod kompetenturebi <strong>da</strong> fiqroben, rom nebismieri ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>deba situacii<strong>da</strong>n saukeTeso gamosavalia. umetes SemTxvevaSi, finansuri<br />
instituciebi erTmaneTs abraleben TavianT Secdomebs, rac iwvevs procedurebis<br />
gaWianurebas <strong>da</strong> garTulebas. <strong>da</strong>bolos, am saqmeSi yvelaze metad mewarmeebi<br />
iCagrebian. 48<br />
sxva finansuri instituciebis msgavsad, sabaJos aqvs yovelTviuri gegma, rac<br />
xels uwyobs sabaJos moxeleebis mier maRali sanqciebisa <strong>da</strong> jarimebis <strong>da</strong>wesebas.<br />
es gansakuTrebiT problematuri gax<strong>da</strong> am bolo dros, radgan mebaJeebi kargad<br />
ver erkvevian axal kanonmdeblobaSi <strong>da</strong> fiqroben, rom gaurkvevlobis SemTxvevaSi<br />
saukeTeso gamosavali jarimis <strong>da</strong>wesebaa.<br />
sakanonmdeblo reformebi<br />
sakanonmdeblo reformebma, Tavis mxriv, Seamcira movaWreebis administraciuli <strong>da</strong><br />
lojistikuri tvirTi, Tumca, arsebobs Zveli sistemis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva aspeqti, romlebic,<br />
miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad SezRudvisa, mainc moqmedebs. pirveli, “rezervis Rirebulebis” sistema<br />
isev gamoiyeneba. am sistemis Tanaxmad, saqarTveloSi importirebuli tipuri<br />
saqonlis erTeulis fasi ganisazRvreba ara Tan<strong>da</strong>rTuli invoisis safuZvelze,<br />
aramed mTavrobis mier gansazRvruli fasebis mixedviT.<br />
ganbaJebis arsebuli procedurebis mixedviT, rezervis Sefaseba yvelaze farTod<br />
gavrcelebuli kanon<strong>da</strong>rRvevaa. es problemebs uqmnis movaWreebs, radgan fasis<br />
SerCeva xdeba istoriuli monacemebiT <strong>da</strong> SeuZlebelia ufro iafi importis moZieba.<br />
yvelaze ufro <strong>da</strong>zaral<strong>da</strong> is bazrebi, sa<strong>da</strong>c fasebi swrafad izrdeba. Cven SeveswariT<br />
aseT SemTxvevas: qarTvel importiors CineTi<strong>da</strong>n Semohqon<strong>da</strong> ucnobi mwarmoeblis<br />
brtyelekraniani televizorebi adre <strong>da</strong>fiqsirebuli fasis 1/4-ad, ga<strong>da</strong>saxadebi<br />
ki un<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>exa<strong>da</strong> adrindeli fasis mixedviT (anu 48%-iT meti realur fasze).<br />
Sesabamisad, saqonlis Semotana misTvis aramomgebiani gax<strong>da</strong>. 49<br />
tarifebis Semcireba momgebiani gax<strong>da</strong> saerTa<strong>Soris</strong>o doneze. radgan tarifebi<br />
sasoflo-sameurneo produqtebze SenarCunebulia, qarTuli bazari isev SezRuduli<br />
rCeba. es <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia Semdeg problemebTan: pirveli, rogorc pirvel nawilSi<br />
aRvniSneT, qarTvelebisa <strong>da</strong> somxebisTvis erTnairad Znelia warmomavlobis sabuTis<br />
mopoveba <strong>da</strong> isinic ar iyeneben maT kanonier upiratesobas. meore, im a<strong>da</strong>mianebis<br />
umetesoba, visac Cven gavesaubreT, mxars uWers mTavrobis mier sasoflo-sameurneo<br />
produqtebze ga<strong>da</strong>saxadebis gauqmebas.<br />
evropuli samezoblo politika <strong>da</strong> msoflio savaWro organizacia<br />
evropuli samezoblo politika<br />
2007 wlis maisSi, saqarTvelos mTavrobam miiRo evropuli samezoblo politikis<br />
strategiis ganxorcielebis samoqmedo gegma. msgavsi dokumenti arsebobs somxeTSic. 50<br />
48 mixeil saakaSvili, interviu civilur saqarTvelosTan (21 Tebervali, 2007).<br />
49 http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/pdf/action_plans/armenia_enp_ap_fi nal_en.pdf<br />
50 http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/pdf/action_plans/armenia_enp_ap_fi nal_en.pdf
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