ekonomikuri urTierTobebis kvleva saqarTvelosa da somxeTs Soris ...

ekonomikuri urTierTobebis kvleva saqarTvelosa da somxeTs Soris ... ekonomikuri urTierTobebis kvleva saqarTvelosa da somxeTs Soris ...

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ekonomikuri urTierTobebis kvleva saqarTvelosa da somxeTs Soris punqtSi, rac rTuli da xangrZlivi procesi iyo. 38 “erTi gaCerebis” sistema niSnavs “erT fanjaraSi” Semowmebis sistemas, romelic yvela funqcias aerTianebs. am sistemis ganxorcieleba oficialurad 2006 wels daiwyo, Tumca amJamad ar xdeba misi saTanadod gamoyeneba. 39 sagadasaxado da sabaJo sistemebis fizikuri erTianoba grZeldeba: ganaxlebulia sabaJo-gamSvebi punqtebi da miRebulia gadawyvetileba saqonlis ganbaJebis punqtebis adgilmdebareobis da TanamSromlebis Sesaxeb. 40 2007 wlis ivlisSi finansTa ministrma, aleqsi aleqsiSvilma da saxelmwifo Semosavlebis samsaxuris ufrosma, mindia gadaevma moamzades cvlilebaTa paketi, romlis mixedviT dagegmilia ganaxlebuli sabaJo punqtebis gaxsna lagodexSi, yazbegSi, foTSi, ninowmindasa da sadaxloSi ara ugvianes 2008 wlis dasasrulisa. kanonmdeblobidan gamomdinare, axali sabaJo kanoni, romelic ZalaSia 2007 wlis 1 ianvridan, emsaxureba vaWrebisa da mcire mewarmeebisTvis sabaJo procedurebis gamartivebas, Zveli sistemis naklovanebebis aRmofxvras da saqarTvelos praqtikis harmonizacias evrokavSiris praqtikasTan. Secvlili kodeqsis mTavari elementebi moicavs sabaJo reJimis Semcirebas 15-dan 7-mde, yvela proceduris gaerTianebas erT kodeqsSi, qveyanaSi tvirTis Tavisuflad gadaadgilebasa da saqonlis Sefasebis meTodebis gaumjobesebas. bolos, unda aRvniSnoT, rom Semcirda importis gadasaxadic. evropisa da evroatlantikuri integraciis sakiTxebSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ministris, giorgi baramiZis gancxadebis Tanaxmad, “saqarTvelos tarifebi msoflioSi erT-erTi yvelaze dabalia. sabaJoze saqonlis SemomtanTa 90% ixdis 0%-s, danarCeni ki 5% an 12%-s”. 41 saqarTvelos mTavrobam gaaxmaura Tavisi gegma, romelic gulisxmobs tarifebis Semcirebas 2007 wels, xolo maT srul gauqmebas importirebul produqtebze 2008 wels. am tendenciaSi gamonaklisia sasoflo-sameurneo produqtebi. saqarTveloSi warmoebuli soflis meurneobis produqtebis umravlesoba, maT Soris, xorci, kartofili, pomidori, xaxvi, kitri, stafilo da kombosto, ibegreba yvelaze maRali tarifiT, 12%-iT, mxolod yveli sargeblobs saSualo, 5%-iani 42 tarifiT. saubrebi mimdinareobda am tarifebis gauqmebaze, magram mTavrobisa da parlamentis wevrebma ar miiRes es cvlileba. Teimuraz kopaleiSvili, parlamentis sabiujeto da safinanso komitetis Tavmjdomare, aRniSnavs: “gasul wels Cven gvqonda sabaJo tarifebis nulamde Semcirebis iniciativa, magram, mogvianebiT, uari vTqviT am 38 magaliTad, importiorebi deklaracias avseben erT oTaxSi, saqonels abareben meoreSi, fito-sanitariul Semowmebas gadian mesameSi sabuTebs amowmeben meoTxeSi da a.S. Tan yvelgan uxdebaT rigSi dgoma. 39 arsebulTa Soris ufro efeqturia “erTi fanjris’’ sistema, romelic gamoiyeneba importirebuli manqanebis sabaJo kontrolisTvis. ganbaJeba xdeba policiis sadgurze da saWiro aRar aris Cveulebrivi sabaJo procedurebi. axlo momavalSi, sadaxlos axali sabaJo punqtis dasrulebis Semdeg, es sistema dainergeba. 40 mTavrobis SemoTavazebis Tanaxmad, unda Semcirdes fito-sanitariuli Semowmebis sistemis mqone sabaJo-gam- Svebi punqtebis raodenoba (ix. qvemoT). 41 giorgi baramiZe, vice-premieri da saxelmwifo ministri evro-atlantikuri integraciis sakiTxebSi, prezentacia, natos saparlamento asambleis ekonomikuri da usafrTxoebis komitetis Sekreba (26 maisi, 2006). (http://www.eunato.gov.ge/admin/uploads/speech%20giorgi%20baramidze%20at%20the%20esc%5B1%5D.doc) 42 gaerTianebuli erebis ganviTarebis programisa da kavkasiis kvlevis resurs- centris mkvlevarTa jgufi. interviu Teimuraz kopaleiSvilTan, parlamentis sabiujeto da safinanso komitetis TavmjdomaresTan (17 agvisto, 2007). 26

egionuli vaWrobis ganviTareba samcxe-javaxeTSi gadawyvetilebaze. Cven SevinarCuneT tarifebi sasoflo-sameurneo produqtebze, radgan Zalian bevri faruli subsidiaa TurqeTis, evropisa da amerikis bazarze da SeuZlebelia, Cvenma produqtma konkurencia gauwios maT”. 43 axali sistemis Zlieri da susti mxareebi axali sistemis siZlieres korufciis Semcireba da biznes- efeqturoba warmoadgens. revoluciis Semdgomi mTavrobis mTavari mizani iyo korufciis winaaRmdeg brZola. 44 mravali saerTaSoriso damkvirveblis azriT, korufciasTan brZola Zalian warmatebulad Catarda. 45 kvlevaSi Cven xazs vusvamT am tendenciis mniSvnelobas. somxeTSi jer kidev arsebobs eWvi saqarTveloSi korufciis arsebobis Sesaxeb, Tumca am eWvis damadasturebeli niSani aq Zalian cotaa. sabaJo reformis kidev erTi mTavari mizani iyo gamWirvalobisa da efeqturobis gazrda, raTa biznesi saqarTveloSi da mis gareT gamxdariyo ufro iafi da prognozirebadi. 2006 wlisTvis saqarTvelo ibrZoda sabaJo procedurebis gasaumjobeseblad, Sedegad regionul monacemebTan SedarebiT sabaJo sistema gaxda ufro iafi da swrafi. 46 es azri eyrdnoba regionis movaWreebisa da mcire mewarmeebis damokidebulebas. saqarTveloSi amerikis savaWro palatis prezidenti esben emborgi (nestles warmomadgeneli samxreT kavkasiaSi) amtkicebs, rom saqarTvelom seriozuli cvlilebebi ganaxorciela sabaJo garemos ganviTarebaSi 2004-2007 wlebSi da rom axla gacilebiT iolia saqonlis importi saqarTveloSi, vidre somxeTsa da azerbaijanSi. 47 radgan kvlevis mizani Zalian specifikuria, aucilebelia, gaviTvaliswinoT am sistemis susti mxareebi, raTa am cvlilebebis ganxorcielebis Semdegac ki ufro kargad gaviazroT regionuli TanamSromlobis procesSi arsebuli problemebi. sabaJo institutebis mTavari problemaa TanamSromelTa dabali profesionalizmi, swrafi cvlilebebiT gamowveuli dabneuloba da, sabolood, momxmareblebTan komunikaciis ararseboba. axali TanamSromlebis dabalma profesionalizmma, axali kanonmdeblobis SemoRebam da SezRudulma samsaxurebrivma usafrTxoebam gamoiwvia gadawyvetilebis miRebis skrupulozuroba, gansakuTrebiT, dabali rangis moxeleebSi. 43 gaerTianebuli erebis ganviTarebis programisa da kavkasiis kvlevis resurs- centris mkvlevarTa jgufi. interviu Teimuraz kopaleiSvilTan, parlamentis sabiujeto da safinanso komitetis TavmjdomaresTan (17 agvisto, 2007). 44 2005 wels saqarTvelos erovnuli usafrTxoebis sabWom moamzada da daamtkica erovnuli antikorufciuli strategia saqarTveloSi. am strategiis mizania efeqturi samTavrobo sistemis Camoyalibeba, kanonismieri da samoqalaqo zomebis gatareba korufciis winaaRmdeg samTavrobo sistemaSi. 45 msoflio banki saqarTveloSi erT-erTi antikorufciuli organizaciaa 2006 wlidan, “antikorufciuli qmedebebi tranzit-3” (ACT3) angariSi. msoflio bankisa da evropis rekonstruqciisa da ganviTarebis bankis (EBRD) angariSSi gansazRvrulia korufciis procentuli maCvenebeli 60%-dan 39%-mde 2002-2005 wlebSi, Tanam- Sromlebis procentuli maCvenebeli amave wlebSi meryeobs 44%-dan 11%-mde. fond “aTaswleulis gamowveva saqarTvelos” 2007 wlis monacemebis mixedviT saqarTvelo Seesabameba “korufciis kontrolis” maCvenebels. 2007 wlis Tebervlis saerTaSoriso respublikuri instituciis gamokiTxvis mixedviT, qarTvelebis 95% ambobs, rom bolo 12 Tvis ganmavlobaSi maT ar gadauxdiaT qrTami sazogadoebriv samsaxurSi. 46 msoflio banki, biznes-angariSis momzadebis simartive, 2006. http://www.doingbusiness.org/ExploreEconomies/?economyid=74 47 esben emborgi, GHN sainformacio saagento, (18 ivlisi, 2007). 27

egionuli vaWrobis ganviTareba samcxe-javaxeTSi<br />

ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebaze. Cven SevinarCuneT tarifebi sasoflo-sameurneo produqtebze,<br />

radgan Zalian bevri faruli subsidiaa TurqeTis, evropisa <strong>da</strong> amerikis bazarze <strong>da</strong><br />

SeuZlebelia, Cvenma produqtma konkurencia gauwios maT”. 43<br />

axali sistemis Zlieri <strong>da</strong> susti mxareebi<br />

axali sistemis siZlieres korufciis Semcireba <strong>da</strong> biznes- efeqturoba warmoadgens.<br />

revoluciis Semdgomi mTavrobis mTavari mizani iyo korufciis winaaRmdeg brZola. 44<br />

mravali saerTa<strong>Soris</strong>o <strong>da</strong>mkvirveblis azriT, korufciasTan brZola Zalian<br />

warmatebulad Catar<strong>da</strong>. 45 <strong>kvleva</strong>Si Cven xazs vusvamT am tendenciis mniSvnelobas.<br />

somxeTSi jer kidev arsebobs eWvi saqarTveloSi korufciis arsebobis Sesaxeb, Tumca<br />

am eWvis <strong>da</strong>ma<strong>da</strong>sturebeli niSani aq Zalian cotaa.<br />

sabaJo reformis kidev erTi mTavari mizani iyo gamWirvalobisa <strong>da</strong> efeqturobis<br />

gazr<strong>da</strong>, raTa biznesi saqarTveloSi <strong>da</strong> mis gareT gamx<strong>da</strong>riyo ufro iafi <strong>da</strong><br />

prognozirebadi. 2006 wlisTvis saqarTvelo ibrZo<strong>da</strong> sabaJo procedurebis<br />

gasaumjobeseblad, Sedegad regionul monacemebTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT sabaJo sistema gax<strong>da</strong><br />

ufro iafi <strong>da</strong> swrafi. 46 es azri eyrdnoba regionis movaWreebisa <strong>da</strong> mcire mewarmeebis<br />

<strong>da</strong>mokidebulebas. saqarTveloSi amerikis savaWro palatis prezidenti esben<br />

emborgi (nestles warmomadgeneli samxreT kavkasiaSi) amtkicebs, rom saqarTvelom<br />

seriozuli cvlilebebi ganaxorciela sabaJo garemos ganviTarebaSi 2004-2007 wlebSi<br />

<strong>da</strong> rom axla gacilebiT iolia saqonlis importi saqarTveloSi, vidre <strong>somxeTs</strong>a <strong>da</strong><br />

azerbaijanSi. 47<br />

radgan kvlevis mizani Zalian specifikuria, aucilebelia, gaviTvaliswinoT am<br />

sistemis susti mxareebi, raTa am cvlilebebis ganxorcielebis Semdegac ki ufro<br />

kargad gaviazroT regionuli TanamSromlobis procesSi arsebuli problemebi.<br />

sabaJo institutebis mTavari problemaa TanamSromelTa <strong>da</strong>bali profesionalizmi,<br />

swrafi cvlilebebiT gamowveuli <strong>da</strong>bneuloba <strong>da</strong>, sabolood, momxmareblebTan<br />

komunikaciis ararseboba. axali TanamSromlebis <strong>da</strong>balma profesionalizmma,<br />

axali kanonmdeblobis SemoRebam <strong>da</strong> SezRudulma samsaxurebrivma usafrTxoebam<br />

gamoiwvia ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis miRebis skrupulozuroba, gansakuTrebiT, <strong>da</strong>bali rangis<br />

moxeleebSi.<br />

43 gaerTianebuli erebis ganviTarebis programisa <strong>da</strong> kavkasiis kvlevis resurs- centris m<strong>kvleva</strong>rTa jgufi.<br />

interviu Teimuraz kopaleiSvilTan, parlamentis sabiujeto <strong>da</strong> safinanso komitetis TavmjdomaresTan (17<br />

agvisto, 2007).<br />

44 2005 wels saqarTvelos erovnuli usafrTxoebis sabWom moamza<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>amtkica erovnuli antikorufciuli<br />

strategia saqarTveloSi. am strategiis mizania efeqturi samTavrobo sistemis Camoyalibeba, kanonismieri <strong>da</strong><br />

samoqalaqo zomebis gatareba korufciis winaaRmdeg samTavrobo sistemaSi.<br />

45 msoflio banki saqarTveloSi erT-erTi antikorufciuli organizaciaa 2006 wli<strong>da</strong>n, “antikorufciuli qmedebebi<br />

tranzit-3” (ACT3) angariSi. msoflio bankisa <strong>da</strong> evropis rekonstruqciisa <strong>da</strong> ganviTarebis bankis (EBRD)<br />

angariSSi gansazRvrulia korufciis procentuli maCvenebeli 60%-<strong>da</strong>n 39%-mde 2002-2005 wlebSi, Tanam-<br />

Sromlebis procentuli maCvenebeli amave wlebSi meryeobs 44%-<strong>da</strong>n 11%-mde. fond “aTaswleulis gamowveva<br />

saqarTvelos” 2007 wlis monacemebis mixedviT saqarTvelo Seesabameba “korufciis kontrolis” maCvenebels.<br />

2007 wlis Tebervlis saerTa<strong>Soris</strong>o respublikuri instituciis gamokiTxvis mixedviT, qarTvelebis 95% ambobs,<br />

rom bolo 12 Tvis ganmavlobaSi maT ar ga<strong>da</strong>uxdiaT qrTami sazogadoebriv samsaxurSi.<br />

46 msoflio banki, biznes-angariSis momzadebis simartive, 2006.<br />

http://www.doingbusiness.org/ExploreEconomies/?economyid=74<br />

47 esben emborgi, GHN sainformacio saagento, (18 ivlisi, 2007).<br />

27

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