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XXII CNIE - Accademia nazionale italiana di Entomologia

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Public awareness<br />

Colony collapse <strong>di</strong>sorder was a major factor in bipartisan support in the U.S. Congress<br />

for a new influx of funds for honey bee research in particular and pollinator services in<br />

general. In fact, the 2008 Farm Bill is the first in U.S. history to include specific<br />

language concerning pollinators and pollination. On the popular culture front,<br />

references to colony collapse <strong>di</strong>sorder have appeared in Hollywood films (“The<br />

Happening” by M. Night Shyamalan), in prime-time television shows (“CSI”), in comic<br />

strips (“Over the Hedge”) and in magazine, television, and Internet advertisements for<br />

products ranging from ice cream (Haagen Dazs) to university environmental science<br />

programs (Stony Brook Southampton). At least four popular books, inclu<strong>di</strong>ng one for<br />

children, have been published since the first reports of honey bee <strong>di</strong>sappearances<br />

(Fruitless Falls by Rowan Jacobsen, A Spring Without Bees by Michael Shacker, A<br />

World Without Bees by Alison Benjamin and Brian McCallum, and Bee & Me: An<br />

Animotion Experience by Elle J. Mcguinness). It is unlikely that public awareness about<br />

the importance of honey bees and pollination in maintaining managed and natural plant<br />

communities has ever been as high as it is today, and if there has been any positive<br />

aspect of this most recent Apis-pocalypse it is that honey bees may finally be getting the<br />

respect and admiration they deserve.<br />

Acknowledgments:<br />

I thank Reed Johnson and Gene Robinson for their insights into bee biology in general<br />

and colony collapse <strong>di</strong>sorder in particular. This manuscript, inclu<strong>di</strong>ng much of the work<br />

reported in it, was made possible by fun<strong>di</strong>ng from the USDA National Research<br />

Initiative (AG 2008-3532-18831).<br />

References:<br />

Ashburner, M. et al. (2000). Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology. The Gene<br />

Ontology Consortium. Nat Genet 25, 25-9.<br />

Atkins, E. 1992. The Hive and the Honey Bee. 1153-1208. The Hive and the Honey Bee.<br />

Dadant & Sons, Inc.Hamilton, IL.<br />

Bogdanov, S., V. Kilchenmann, and A. Imdorf. 1998. Acaricide residues in some bee<br />

products. J. Apic. Res. 37: 57-67.<br />

Bogdanov, S. 2004. Beeswax: quality issues today. Bee World. 85: 46-50.<br />

Bustin, S. A., and Doru<strong>di</strong>, S. (2002). The value of microarray techniques for quantitative<br />

gene profiling in molecular <strong>di</strong>agnostics. Trends Mol Med 8, 269-72.<br />

Chen, Y. P., and Evans, J. D. (2007). Historical presence of Israeli acute paralysis virus in<br />

the United States. Am Bee J 147, 1027-1028.<br />

Clau<strong>di</strong>anos, C., Ranson, H., Johnson, R. M., Biswas, S., Schuler, M. A., Berenbaum, M.<br />

R., Feyereisen, R., and Oakeshott, J. G. (2006). A deficit of detoxification enzymes:<br />

pesticide sensitivity and environmental response in the honeybee. Insect Mol Biol 15,<br />

615-636.<br />

Cox-Foster, D. L. et al. (2007). A metagenomic survey of microbes in honey bee colony<br />

collapse <strong>di</strong>sorder. Science 318, 283-287.<br />

Cox-Foster, D.L. and D. Engelsdorp (2009). Solving the mystery of the vanishing bees.<br />

Scientific American April 1, 2009 (http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=saving-thehoneybee&print=true.<br />

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