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Tempo e predicazione nella sintassi delle frasi copulari (tesi di laurea)

Tempo e predicazione nella sintassi delle frasi copulari (tesi di laurea)

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elation between language and the world -- in particular<br />

the study of truth and reference. c••• ] One can speak of<br />

"reference" or "coreference" with some intelligibility<br />

if one postulates a domain of mental objects associated<br />

with formaI entities of language by a relation with many<br />

of the properties of reference, but alI of this is<br />

internaI to the theory of mental representation; it is a<br />

form of syntax. There seems no obvious sense in<br />

populating the extramental world with correspon<strong>di</strong>ng<br />

entities, nor any empirical consequence or gain in<br />

explanatory force in doing so. Insofar as this is true,<br />

the study of the relation of syntactic structures to<br />

models "pictures" and the like, should be regarded as<br />

pure syntax, the study of various mental<br />

representations, to be supplemented by a theory of the<br />

relation these mental objects bear to the world or to<br />

the world as it is conceived or believed to be.<br />

Postulation of such mental representations is no<br />

innocuous but must be justified by empirical argument,<br />

just as in the case of phonological or other syntactic<br />

representations. Thus, the shift toward a computational<br />

theory of mind encompasses a substantial part of what<br />

has been called "semantics" as well, a conclusion that<br />

is only fortified if we consider more avowedly<br />

"conceptualist" approaches to these topics" (Chomsky<br />

(1986)a, p. 44 sgg.).<br />

Nella parte che segue mostrerò come il modulo<br />

del vincolamento, <strong>nella</strong> sua accezione attuale, possa<br />

render conto dei fatti esposti agli es. 4) pur richiedendo<br />

una valutazione critica della definizione <strong>di</strong><br />

Chomsky <strong>di</strong> alcuni concetti chiave utilizzati per definire<br />

questa teoria. Limiterò la trattazione, per<br />

quanto è possibile, -alle questioni che riguardano strettamente<br />

i fatti trattati, tralasciando quin<strong>di</strong> <strong>di</strong> dare un<br />

quadro teorico esaustivo che però rimane imprescin<strong>di</strong>bile<br />

per la comprensione del significato- globale del modulo<br />

in questione e più in generale della grammatica.<br />

Il modulo della teoria del vincolamento si sviluppa<br />

intorno a due nuclei fondamentali strettamante connessi<br />

tra loro. Da una parte sta una ripartizione <strong>delle</strong> cate­<br />

200

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