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Percorsi Assistenziali Neonatologici Anno 2008<br />

Clinica<br />

Sintomi e segni clinici compaiono in genere per valori < 1,2 mg/dl<br />

• Tremori<br />

• Irr<strong>it</strong>abil<strong>it</strong>à<br />

• Ipereflessia<br />

• Fascicolazioni muscolari<br />

• Tetania e Convulsioni generalizzate (raramente)<br />

Terapia<br />

<br />

1 ml/kg di Mg solfato al 10% o 0,2 ml/kg di Mg solfato al 50%, per via<br />

intramuscolare, ogni 8-12 ore, fino a normalizzazione<br />

Nota: E’ possibile anche la somministrazione per via endovenosa, utilizzando<br />

soluzioni dilu<strong>it</strong>e (al 5 o 10%), da infondere lentamente (non meno di 10 min) e<br />

controllando gli eventuali effetti collaterali negativi (blocco seno-atriale, blocco atrioventricolare,<br />

ipotensione sistemica, depressione respiratoria)<br />

1. Shalev H, Phillip M, Galil A, Carmi R, Landau D. Clinical presentation and outcome in primary familial hypomagnesaemia. Arch Dis<br />

Child. 1998;78(2):127-30.<br />

2. Maggioni A, Orzalesi M, Mimouni FB. Intravenous correction of neonatal hypomagnesemia: effect on ionized magnesium. J Pediatr.<br />

1998;132(4):652-5.<br />

3. Mehta KC, Kalkwarf HJ, Mimouni F, Khoury J, Tsang RC. Randomized trial of magnesium administration to prevent hypocalcemia<br />

in infants of diabetic mothers. J Perinatol. 1998;18(5):352-6.<br />

4. Verive MJ, Irazuzta J, Steinhart CM, Orlowski JP, Jaimovich DG. Evaluating the frequency rate of hypomagnesemia in cr<strong>it</strong>ically ill<br />

pediatric patients by using multiple regression analysis and a computer-based neural network. Cr<strong>it</strong> Care Med. 2000;28(10):3534-9.<br />

5. Banerjee S, Mimouni FB, Mehta R, Llanos A, Bainbridge R, Varada K, Sheffer G. Lower whole blood ionized magnesium<br />

concentrations in hypocalcemic infants of gestational diabetic mothers. Magnes Res. 2003;16(2):127-30.<br />

6. Visudhiphan P, Visudtibhan A, Chiemchanya S, Khongkhat<strong>it</strong>hum C. Neonatal seizures and familial hypomagnesemia w<strong>it</strong>h secondary<br />

hypocalcemia.Pediatr Neurol. 2005;33(3):202-5.<br />

221<br />

Metabolici

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