biologia IX klasi III turi

iologia IX klasi III turi
1. SeadareT erTmaneTs limfisa da sisxlis mimoqcevis sistemebi:^
1. ra mimarTulebiT moZraobs sisxli da limfa?
2. ra ganapirobebs sisxlis da ra - limfis moZraobas ZarRvebSi?
3. ra gansxvavebaa sisxlisa da limfis kapilarul sistemebs Soris?
4. wvrili nawlavis xaoebis romel kapilarebSi (limfurSi Tu sisxlis)
xdeba glicerinis, cximovani mJavebis, aminomJavebisa da monosaqaridebis
Sewova.
pasuxi: 1. sisxli moZraobs organoebidan gulisaken da piriqiT, gulidan
organoebisaken; limfa mxolod organoebidan gulisaken.
2. sisxlis moZraobas ZarRvebSi ganapirobebs sxvadasxva ubanze wnevaTa
sxvaoba (an gulis parkuWebis SekumSvis Zala), kunTebis SekumSva da
sarqvelebi venebSi; limfis moZraobas - kunTebis SekumSva da sarqvelebi.
3. sisxlis kapilarebi warmoqmnian kapilarul qsels, limfis kapilarebi
ki brmad bolovdebian qsovilur siTxeSi.
4. sisxlis kapilarebSi Seiwoveba aminomJavebi da monosaqaridebi;
limfur kapilarebSi - glicerini da cximovani mJavebi.
2. Cveni organizmis mudmivi temperaturis SenarCuneba damokidebulia
siTbos warmoqmnasa da mis gacemaze.
1. romel organoebSi xdeba SedarebiT didi raodenobiT siTbos
warmoqmna?
2.romeli organoidebis simravlea mosalodneli am organoebis
ujredebSi?
3. axseniT, romeli organoebi da rogor uzrunvelyofen Warbi siTbos
gamoyofas organizmidan.
pasuxi: a) ConCxis kunTebi, RviZli;
b) mitoqondriebi;
g) kani da filtvebi. kani - sisxlZarRvebis gafarToebiT da oflis
gamoyofiT; filtvebi - haeris amosunTqviT.
3. 1. daasaxeleT cxoveluri organizmebis maregulirebeli sistemebi.
2. qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan romeli xorcieldeba TiToeuli
maregulirebeli sistemis monawileobiT ?
1. sunTqvis SeCerebisas xdeba uneblie CasunTqva.
2. hidras sxeuli Sexebis sapasuxod swrafad ikumSeba.
3. adrenalinis gavleniT icvleba gulis muSaobis riTmi.
4. sakvebis danaxvisas ZaRls gamoeyofa kuWis wveni.
5. Tu maZRari ZaRlis sisxls SeviyvanT mSieri ZaRlis venaSi, am
ukanasknels uxvad gamoeyofa kuWis wveni.
pasuxi: a) nervuli da humoruli sistemebi.
b) 1. 3, 5 – humoruli; 2, 4 – nervuli.
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4. aRwereT filtvis, RviZlisa da Tirkmlis sisxliT momaragebis
Taviseburebebi.
pasuxi: 1. filtvSi _ arteriiT Sedis venuri da veniT gamodis arteriuli
sisxli;
2. RviZlSi _ Sedis rogorc vena (karis vena) ise arteria (RviZlis
arteria), gamodis mxolod vena (RviZlis vena).
3. TirkmelSi _ nefronSi gorglis kapilarul qselSi Sesuli
arteriuli sisxli ar gardaiqmneba venurad da TiToeul kafsulidan
gamosuli arteriola kvlav qmnis kapilarul qsels (anu nefronSi
orjer warmoiqmneba kapilaruli qseli: pirvelad xdeba filtracia,
xolo Semdeg organos kveba.
5. 1. daasaxeleT da aRwereT RviZlis oTxi funqcia.
2. daasaxeleT RviZlisa da elenTis saerTo funqciebi.
pasuxi: 1. barieruli, naRvelis warmoqmna, eriTrocitebis daSla,
sisxlis depo. (glikogenis dagroveba, Tboregulacia).
2. eriTrocitebis daSla, sisxlis depo.
biologia X klasi III turi
1. CamoTvlilTagan romeli procesi axasiaTebs anaerobul baqteriebs?
1. mitozi 2. sporebiT gamravleba 3. sporebiT gavrceleba
4. fagocitozi 5. dnm-s replikacia 6. glikolizi 7. ujreduli sunTqva.
pasuxi: 3, 5, 6.
2. baqteriebi gazardes sakveb areze, romelic Seicavda azotis,
gogirdisa da fosforis mZime izotopebs. CawereT da axseniT axlad
warmoqmnili baqteriebis romel polimerebSi aRmoCndeba es izotopebi?
pasuxi: 1. 15 N aRmoCndeba cilebsa da dnm-Si(rnm-Si), radgan maTi
monomeruli erTeulebi - aminomJava da nukleotidi Sesabamisad Seicaven
aminojgufs da azotovan fuZes.
2. 32 P aRmoCndeba dnm-Si(rnm-Si), radgan misi monomeruli erTeuli
nukleotidi Seicavs fosformJavas naSTs.
3. 35 S aRmoCndeba cilebSi, radgan erT-erTi aminomJavas (cisteinis)
radikali Seicavs gogirds.
3. hormoni insulini, romelic Sedgeba ori polipeptiduri jaWvisgan,
Seicavs 51 aminomJavur naSTs. isini erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli arian
ori Ddisulfiduri bmiT.
CawereT da axseniT:
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1. ramdeni nukleotidi gansazRvravs am cilis struqturas dnm-is
molekulaSi.
2. wylis ramdeni molekula gamoiyofa insulinis erTi molekulis
sinTezis dros?
pasuxi : 1. erT aminomJavas Seesabameba sami nukleotidi - 3 x 51 = 153.
2. ori aminomJavis erTmaneTTan dakavSirebisas gamoiyofa erTi molekula
wyali. amdenad, 51 aminomJavuri naSTiT agebuli orWimiani polipeptiduri
jaWvis sinTezisas gamoiyofa 49 molekula wyali.
4. rogor icvleba sxeulis temperatura, gulis cemis sixSire da
nervuli sistemis aqtiuroba 1. hiper - da 2. hipoTireoidizmis dros?
pasuxi: 1. – izrdeba, izrdeba, Zlierdeba.
2. – mcirdeba, mcirdeba, sustdeba.
5. kuWqveSa jirkvlis normaluri funqcionirebis da sisxlSi insulinis
normaluri koncentraciis miuxedavad adamians SeiZleba ganuviTardes
diabeti (e.w. meore tipis diabeti).
1. ra SeiZleba iyos amis mizezi?
2. ra darRvevebia mosalodneli am daavadebis dros nivTierebaTa cvlis
procesebSi?
pasuxi: 1. cila-receptori ver aRiqvams insulins;
2. a) ar moxdeba glukozis gardaqmna glikogenad;
b) ar moxdeba glukozis SeTviseba ujredebis mier da misi Jangva;
g) Seneldeba cilebisa da cximebis sinTezi.
6. CawereT sisxlis romeli jgufis mixedviT SeiZleba iyos adamiani:
1. homozigoturi genebis matarebeli?
2. heterozigoturi genebis matarebeli?
3. rogorc homozigoturi aseve heterozigoturi genebis matarebeli?
sisxlis romeli jgufis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi aqvs adgili:
4. kodominantobas ?
5. genTa srul dominirebas?
6. rogori genebis urTierTqmedebas aqvs adgili kodominantobis dros?
pasuxi : 1. I, II, III.
2. II, III, IV.
3. II da III.
4. IV.
5. II da III.
6. dominanturi aleluri
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7. kbilebis gamuqeba SeiZleba gamowveuli iyos autosomuri dominanturi
(A) AgeniT an aseve dominanturi (B) geniT, romelic moTavsebulia X
qromosomaSi.
mSobelTagan erT-erTis muqkbilianoba gamowveulia mxolod X
qromosomaSi moTavsebuli dominanturi geniT, xolo meorisa autosomaSi
moTavsebuli dominanturi geniT. muqkbila mSoblebs SeeZinaT TeTrkbila
gogona.
gansazRvreT:
1. gogonas genotipi;
2. mamis genotipi;
3. dedis genotipi;
4. mSoblebis gametebi; .
5. am ojaxSi janmrTeli (TeTrkbila) bavSvis dabadebis albaToba.
pasuxi : 1. aaX b X b
2. AaX b Y
3. aaX B X b
4. mSoblebis gametebi; dedis aX B , aX b ;
mamis AX b ,AY , aX b , aY.
5. 1/4.
biologia XI _XII klasi III turi
1. CawereT romeli Canasaxovani furclidan viTardeba TiToeuli:
1. badura 2. mxedvelobis nervi 3. Tvalis mamoZravebeli kunTebi
4. Tvalis mkvebavi sisxlZarRvebi.
pasuxi:
badura da mxedvelobis nervi viTardeba eqtodermidan.
Tvalis mamoZravebeli kunTebi da Tvalis mkvebavi sisxlZarRvebi
viTardeba mezodermidan.
2. 1. daasaxeleT ori nivTiereba, romelic warmoqmnis ribosomas;
2. romeli procesebis Sedegad warmoiqmneba TiToeuli maTgani?
3. sad warmoiqmneba ribosomis suberTeulebi?
pasuxi: 1. cila, r-rnm;
2. cila warmoiqmneba translaciis (transkripciisa da translaciis),
r-rnm ki transkripciis Sedegad;
3. ribosomis suberTeulebi warmoiqmneba birTvakSi;
3. Roris gripis gamomwvev virusTan brZola sakmaod gaZnelebulia.
msoflioSi iqmneba gripis sawinaaRmdego preparatebi, magram virusi
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swrafad ganicdis mutacias da medikamentebisadmi mdgrad, axal formebad
gardaiqmneba. ra aris virusis aseTi formebis Camoyalibebis mizezi?
pasuxi: bunebrivi gadarCevis mamoZravebeli forma.
4. CamoTvlilTagan romel ujredebSia SedarebiT didi raodenobiT:
a. granularuli endoplazmuri bade?
b. citoplazmaSi Tavisuflad ganlagebuli ribosomebi?
1. kunTovani ujredi 4. sanerwyve jirkvlis ujredi
2. kuWqveSa jirkvlis ujredi 5. kvercxujredi
3. limfociti
pasuxi: 1. kuWqveSa jirkvalSi, sanerwyve jirkvalsa da limfocitebSi
ganviTarebulia granularuli endoplazmuri bade.
2. kunTovan ujredsa da kvercxujredSi citoplazmaSi Tavisuflad
ganlagebuli ribosomebis SedarebiT didi raodenobaa.
5. 1. daasaxeleT cxovelis sasqeso jirkvlis zonebi.
2. ra procesebi mimdinareobs TiToeul maTganSi?
pasuxi: 1. gamravlebis, zrdis, momwifebis.
2. gamravlebis zonaSi _ mitozi, zrdis zonaSi _ zrda,
momwifebis zonaSi _ meiozi.
6. 1. homozigoturi ruxi da yviTeli drozofilebis SejvarebiT
miRebulia Semdegi Sedegebi:
a. ruxi mdedrisa da yviTeli mamris SejvarebiT gaCndnen mxolod ruxi
individebi.
b. ruxi mamrisa da yviTeli mdedris Sejvarebis Sedegad aRmoCnda, rom
yvela mamri yviTelia, xolo yvela mdedri ruxi.
CawereT:
1. mSobliuri formebis genotipebi I Sejvarebisas;
2. STamomavlebis genotipebi I Sejvarebisas;
3. mSobliuri formebis genotipebi II Sejvarebisas;
4. STamomavlebis genotipebi II Sejvarebisas.
pasuxi: 1. ruxi mdedri – X A X A , yviTeli mamri – X a Y
2. ruxi mdedri – X A X a , ruxi mamri -X A Y
3. ruxi mamri – X A Y, yviTeli mdedri – X a X a
4. yviTeli mamri – X a Y, ruxi mdedri – X A X a
7. virTxis muqbewvianobis (A) da wiTeli Tvalebis (d) ganmsazRvreli
genebi moTavsebulia erT qromosomaSi, xolo TeTrbewvianobisa (a) da
vardisferi Tvalebis (D) – mis homologiurSi.
profaza I-is dros sasqeso ujredebis 26%-Si xdeba A da a genebis
Sesabamisi monakveTebis gacvla.
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diheterozigoturi individi Seajvares dihomozigotur TeTrbewvian
vardisferTvalebian individs.
1. CawereT mSobliuri formebis genotipebi;
2. CawereT mSobliuri formebis mier warmoqmnili gametebi;
3. CawereT hibridebis genotipebi da TiToeuls miuwereT warmoqmnis
albaToba procentebSi;
4. CawereT miRebuli genotipebi da TiToeuls miuwereT Sesabamisi
fenotipebi;
5. CawereT miRebuli fenotipebi da TiToeuls miuwereT warmoqmnis
albaToba procentebSi.
pasuxi: 1. AaDd x aaDD
2. AD, Ad, aD, ad da aD.
3. AaDD – 13% , AaDd – 37% , aaDD – 37% , aaDd – 13% .
4. AaDD – muqi vardisferTvalebiani, AaDd – muqi
vardisferTvalebiani, aaDD – TeTri vardisferTvalebiani,
aaDd – TeTri vardisferTvalebiani.
5. muqi vardisferTvalebiani – 50%, TeTri vardisferTvalebiani –
– 50%.
aaDD
AaDd an AaDd
26% 74%
AD ad Ad aD
13% 13% 37% 37%
AaDd
AD - 13% Ad - 37% aD - 37% ad – 13%
aD AaDD – 13% AaDd – 37% aaDD – 37% aaDd – 13%
muqi vardisferTvaleba 50% TeTri vardisferTvaleba 50%
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