4;10) 3 - ganatleba.ge
4;10) 3 - ganatleba.ge 4;10) 3 - ganatleba.ge
- Page 2 and 3: ÌÀÓßÀÅËÄÁÄËÉ Jurnali ag
- Page 5 and 6: edaqtorisgan verasodes vifiqrebdi,
- Page 7 and 8: 14 33 35 49 45 rubrikebi mrgvali ma
- Page 9 and 10: qarTul enasa da literaturaSi profes
- Page 11 and 12: novatorebi miuxedavad qarTul enaSi
- Page 13 and 14: ganviTarebis xerxebi, romlebic yvel
- Page 15 and 16: globaluri skola Cven ise aRar unda
- Page 17 and 18: codnis ekonomikaSi gansakuTrebiT mn
- Page 19 and 20: giorgi gaxelaZe: Rirebulebebsa da m
- Page 21 and 22: Teba sazogadoebasTan, ojaxTan da sa
- Page 23 and 24: interviu skolidan saministrosken -
- Page 25 and 26: sakmaod mniSvnelovan saqmes ake- Te
- Page 27 and 28: geblobs, pirvelklaselebiT dawyebuli
- Page 29 and 30: RKFCB N2, 2009 25 praqtikuli danarT
- Page 31 and 32: 5. filmis finali _ mxatvruli filmi
- Page 33 and 34: asaxeleben wesebs da erT-erT mosawv
- Page 35 and 36: saswavlo miznebi: gaazrebuli kiTxvi
- Page 37 and 38: fotoreportaJi sami welia, 166-e saj
- Page 39 and 40: avtorTa vrceli siis gacnobam, SesaZ
- Page 41 and 42: gamocdileba institutis damTavrebis
- Page 43 and 44: problema maTematika _ 1kg, istoria
- Page 45 and 46: interviu Wola - reJisori da maswavl
- Page 47 and 48: dedaCemi dRemde nerviulobs, Tu inst
- Page 49 and 50: gakveTili TixaSi gacocxlebuli fanta
- Page 51 and 52: egioni skola, romelsac TeTr saxlSic
ÌÀÓßÀÅËÄÁÄËÉ<br />
Jurnali<br />
agrZelebs konkurss!<br />
gagviziareT<br />
Tqveni gamocdileba!<br />
SearCieT<br />
Tema,<br />
CaerTeT<br />
konkursSi da mogvwereT!<br />
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www.tpdc.<strong>ge</strong>
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ÌÀÓßÀÅËÄÁÄËÉ<br />
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mTavari redaqtori:<br />
xaTuna kveselava<br />
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mxatvari: mamuka tyeSelaSvili<br />
Jurnalistebi:<br />
manana xidaSeli, Tamar kacitaZe<br />
irma kaxuraSvli, bela CekuriSvili<br />
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sakontaqto informacia:<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis centri<br />
misamarTi: Tbilisi, 0<strong>10</strong>2<br />
dimitri uznaZis 52<br />
tel: (+995 32) 95 13 95<br />
faqsi: (+995 32) 95 58 36<br />
el. fosta: info@tpdc.<strong>ge</strong><br />
www.tpdc.<strong>ge</strong><br />
ISSN 1987-6149 UDC 371.1<br />
m-374<br />
gamoiwereT profesiuli Jurnali<br />
ÌÀÓßÀÅËÄÁÄËÉ<br />
darekeT:<br />
Sps `wignis samyaro~: 45 33 79<br />
ss. `macne~: 37 47 49, 22 64 58
2<br />
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eTnikuri umciresobebiT kompaqturad dasaxlebul regionebSi<br />
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qarTulis maswavleblebic ki ver floben sakomunikacio qarTul<br />
enas. saWiroa, pedago<strong>ge</strong>bma qarTuli enis codnis aucilebloba<br />
gaiTavison da kvalifikacia aimaRlon, raTa moswavleebs gadascen<br />
qarTul sivrceSi cxovrebis, swavlisa da muSaobisaTvis sakmarisi<br />
enobrivi<br />
,,<br />
codna~.<br />
mako WilaSvili,<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri,<br />
eTnikuri umciresobebis koordinatori<br />
nistros TanamSromlebis garda mwerlebi da istorikosebic<br />
Sediodnen. maT 200-mde skolis mier warmod<strong>ge</strong>nili okupaciis<br />
kvireulis amsaxveli masala ganixiles.<br />
komisiis Tavmjdomare giorgi zedginiZe ambobs, rom skolebis<br />
Sefaseba winaswar SemuSavebuli kriteriumebiT moxda:<br />
`yuradReba mieqca RonisZiebebis mravalferovnebas, moswavleTa<br />
monawileobis xarisxs da Sinaarsis adekvaturobas.<br />
resurscentrebma raionebidan sam-sami saukeTeso skola warmogvidgines,<br />
Cven ki maT Soris saukeTesoebi SevarCieT~.<br />
goris resurscentris xelmZRvaneli giorgi sosiaSvili:<br />
`Cvenma qalaqma da raionma okupaciis umZimesi dReebi gadaitana.<br />
naWarma<strong>ge</strong>vis skolam yvelaze metad iwvnia okupaciis<br />
simZime, radgan skola okupantebma gaZarcves~.
qarTul enasa da literaturaSi profesiuli standartis<br />
ganxilva da sasertifikacio gamocdis Sesaxeb detaluri informaciis<br />
miwodeba iyo maswavleblebTan Sexvedrebis mTavari<br />
mizani. rva Sexvedra qarTuli enis pedago<strong>ge</strong>bTan maswavlebelTa<br />
profesiuli ganviTarebis centris iniciativiT<br />
Tbilissa da regionebSi Sedga da masSi 350 skolis maswavlebeli<br />
monawileobda. SexvedrebSi erovnuli saswavlo <strong>ge</strong>gmebisa<br />
da Sefasebisa da gamocdebis erovnuli centris eqspertebic<br />
iyvnen CarTuli.<br />
eqspertebma pedago<strong>ge</strong>bs qarTuli enisa da literaturis<br />
standarti gaacnes da TiToeul nawilze profesiuli ganmartebebi<br />
miawodes. `Sexvedris monawileebs ganvumarteT,<br />
rom maswavleblis profesiuli standarti is fundamenturi<br />
dokumentia, romelzec a<strong>ge</strong>bulia sertificireba~, _ ambobs<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli centris standartebis koordinatori<br />
nino elbaqiZe.<br />
manana maWavariani, q. zestafonis meore sajaro skolis<br />
qarTuli enisa da literaturis mawavlebeli: `Sexvedraze<br />
daisva konkretuli kiTxvebi, romelzec dRemde ar gvqonda<br />
pasuxebi. gavi<strong>ge</strong>T rogor Catardeba gamocda. Sexvedrebis Sedegad<br />
moixsna SiSi da sertificirebis gamocda aRar aris<br />
iseTi bundovani, rogoric aqamde iyo~.<br />
maswavleblebma qarTuli enisa da literaturis standartTan<br />
da sasertifikacio gamocdis formatTan dakavSirebiT<br />
N2, 2009 5<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris<br />
Sexvedrebi pedago<strong>ge</strong>bTan<br />
komisiis wevri, xelnawerTa erovnuli centris direqtori<br />
buba kudava regionuli skolebis aqtivobas gansakuTrebiT<br />
aRniSnavs: `bavSvebs didi siyvaruliT hqondaT yvelaferi gakeTebuli.<br />
Canda, rom valis mosaxdelad araferi gakeTebula~.<br />
`gansakuTrebuli kmayofilebiT aRvniSnav, rom gamarjvebulTa<br />
Soris, ZiriTadad, regionebis skolebi arian.<br />
uprecendento aqtivobam aCvena, ramdenad Rrmad iazreben<br />
Cveni moswavleebi im saSinel agresiasa da Zaladobas, rasac<br />
okupacia hqvia. es yvelaze ukeT awrTobs erovnul suls~, _<br />
aRniSna nika gvaramiam.<br />
1921 wlis 25 Tebervlis tragikuli dReebis aRsaniSnavad,<br />
ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros iniciativiT, skolebSi<br />
saganmanaTleblo kvireuli 18-25 Tebervals Catarda.<br />
ministris TqmiT, saganmanaTleblo kvireuli skolebSi tradiciis<br />
saxes miiRebs.<br />
pedago<strong>ge</strong>bs TiTqmis yvela Sexvedraze hqondaT diskusia qarTuli enisa<br />
da literaturis integrirebulad swavlebis Temaze. maswavlebelTa<br />
nawili mxars uWers qarTuli enis tradiciulad swavlebas skolebSi,<br />
nawili ki miesalmeba axlebur, enisa da literaturis integriebuli<br />
swavlebis meTods. eqspertebis ganmartebiT, mTavaria maswavlebelma<br />
miaRwios erovnuli saswavlo <strong>ge</strong>gmiT gansazRvrul moswavlis mier<br />
misaRwev Sedegs. integrirebuli wesiT aswavlis, Tu tradiciuli<br />
meTodiT, es Tavad maswavleblis<br />
,,<br />
gadasawyvetia~.<br />
nino elbaqiZe<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris standartebis koordinatori<br />
konkretuli SeniSvnebi gamoTqves. werilobiTi gamokiTxvis<br />
safuZvelze gamoikveTa damxmare saxelmZRvanelos Tematikac,<br />
romelzec maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />
centris eqspertebi uaxloes momavalSi daiwyeben muSaobas.<br />
maswavlebelTa saWiroebebis dasad<strong>ge</strong>nad Sexvedrebis farglebSi<br />
Catarda werilobiTi gamokiTxva, romlis safuZvelzec<br />
moxdeba pedagogTa damxmare saxelmZRvaneloebisTvis Tematikis<br />
SerCeva da momzaddeba rekomendaciebi maswavlebelTa<br />
profesiuli ganviTarebis organizaciebisaTvis.<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri amJamad<br />
marTavs Sexvedrebs sxva sagnebis pedago<strong>ge</strong>bTanac. ukve Catarda<br />
ramdenime Sexvedra maTematikisa da ucxo enebis pedago<strong>ge</strong>bTan<br />
da Sexvedrebi Tbilissa da saqarTvelos regionebSi<br />
momavalSic gagrZeldeba.<br />
Sexvedrebis dros dasmuli konkretuli<br />
SekiTxvebisa da eqspertebis<br />
pasuxebisaTvis ixileT gv. 35<br />
damatebiTi informaciisaTvis mimarTeT<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />
centris standartebis koordinators,<br />
nino elbaqiZes<br />
el.fosta: nelbakidze@tpdc.<strong>ge</strong>, tel: 95 13 02
6 mokled<br />
aswavle saqarTvelosTvis<br />
swavlisa da swavlebis xarisxis gaumjobesebis, TveobiT<br />
Seuvsebeli vakansiebis Sevsebisa da pedagogTa motivaciis<br />
amaRlebis mizniT, maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />
centrma daiwyo proeqtis `aswavle saqarTvelosTvis~ ganxorcieleba.<br />
proeqtis mizania, erTi mxriv, uzrunvelyos yvela bavSvisTvis<br />
xarisxiani ganaTlebis miReba, rasac mniSvnelovnad<br />
abrkolebs zogierT skolaSi konkretuli sagnis specialistis<br />
ararseboba, xolo, meore mxriv, xeli Seuwyos axalgazrda,<br />
motivirebuli kadrebis dasaqmebas skolaSi.<br />
maT, visac aqvT umaRlesi ganaTleba da arian erovnuli<br />
saswavlo <strong>ge</strong>gmiT gaTvaliswinebuli romelime sagnis specialistebi,<br />
konkursSi monawileoba SeuZliaT. pirvel etapze<br />
maswavleblebi avtobiografiis safuZvelze SeirCevian, meore<br />
etapze ki maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centrSi<br />
gasaubrebas gaivlian.<br />
pedago<strong>ge</strong>bs, romlebic konkursis wesiT SeirCevian da warmatebiT<br />
gaivlian gasaubrebas, CautardebaT trenin<strong>ge</strong>bi pedagogiur<br />
unar-CvevebSi, rac xels Seuwyobs swavlebis procesis<br />
xarisxianad warmarTvas.<br />
proeqtis farglebSi, pedago<strong>ge</strong>bi miiReben maTTvis gankuTvnil<br />
SeRavaTebs da sxvadasxva momsaxurebis pakets kont-<br />
saqarTvelos mTel rig regionebSi mravali skolaa, sadac kvalificiuri<br />
kadrebis mozidva da maTi adgilze SenarCuneba Zalian rTulia. statistikuri<br />
monacemebiT, maswavlebelTa daaxloebiT 13%-s ar aqvs umaRlesi ganaTleba.<br />
xSiria SemTxvevebi, roca pedagogi im sagnis specialisti ar aris, romelsac<br />
aswavlis~.<br />
erovnuli saswavlo olimpiada dasrulebulia. daskvniTi<br />
turi, romelSic pirvel etapze gamarjvebuli 1366 moswavle<br />
monawileobda, 2-3 maiss TbilisSi gaimarTa. olimpiadaSi gamarjvebuli<br />
<strong>10</strong> moswavle saqarTvelos erovnuli nakrebis<br />
wevri gaxdeba da moswavleTa saerTaSoriso olimpiadebSi<br />
miiRebs monawileobas.<br />
`moxaruli var, rom bavSvebi mTeli saqarTvelodan Camovidnen<br />
da olimpiadis finalur turSi monawileoben. yvela sagansa<br />
da asakobriv kategoriaSi gamovlindeba aTi saukeTeso<br />
moswavle da am aTs Soris pirveli sameuli dajildovdeba~, _<br />
ganacxada ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis ministrma nika gvaramiam,<br />
romelic daskvniTi turis mimdinareobas piradad akvirdeboda.<br />
erovnuli saswavlo olimpiada or etapad, rva saganSi Catarda:<br />
qarTuli, istoria, <strong>ge</strong>ografia, qimia, biologia, fizika,<br />
maTematika da informatika. olimpiada qarTul, somxur,<br />
azerbaijanul da rusul enebze Catarda da masSi saqarTvelos<br />
skolebis 95% monawileobda _ sawyis etapze monawileo-<br />
raqtiT gaTvaliswinebul vadebSi. maT, xelfasis garda, daericxebaT<br />
stipendia 250 laris odenobiT, aunazRaurdebaT<br />
satelefono xarjebi da sxva.<br />
programa 2 wliania, Tumca maswavleblebs eqnebaT SesaZlebloba,<br />
airCion erTwliani an orwliani kontraqti. vadebis<br />
mixedviT, gansxvavebuli iqneba is damatebiTi SeRavaTebi da<br />
momsaxurebis paketebi, romlebic gansazRvrulia proeqtSi<br />
monawile maswavleblebisTvis.<br />
proeqtis ganxorcieleba 2009 wlis seqtembridan daiwyeba.<br />
regionebSi gatarebuli periodi pedago<strong>ge</strong>bs staJad CaeTvlebaT,<br />
ris Semdegac, survilis SemTxvevaSi, daubrkoleblad<br />
SeZleben sasertifikacio gamocdaze gasvlas.<br />
Tamuna WinWarauli, maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />
centri, proeqtis `aswavle saqarTvelosTvis~ koordinatori<br />
olimpiel moswavleTa saukeTeso aTeuli<br />
,,<br />
cnobilia<br />
damatebiTi informaciisaTvis mimarTeT<br />
proeqtis koordinators, Tamuna WinWarauls<br />
el.fosta: tchincharauli@tpdc.<strong>ge</strong>, tel: 95 13 95<br />
bis survili 130 000-ze metma moswavlem gamoTqva. olimpiadis<br />
monawileebs Soris aTi usinaTlo moswavlec iyo. specialurad<br />
maTTvis gamocdebis erovnulma centrma brailis<br />
SriftiT Sesrulebuli testebi moamzada. qarTuli enis<br />
olimpiadaze erovnuli umciresobebis 1200-ze meti warmomd<strong>ge</strong>neli<br />
moswavle daregistrirda.<br />
Tamuna niJaraZe, me-9 klasis moswavle: `es aris is, rac<br />
stimuls gvaZlevs. am gziT sakuTari codnis, SesaZleblobebis<br />
realizebas vaxdenT~. lia narindoSvili, 42 sajaro<br />
skolis fizikis pedagogi: `aseTi olimpiadebi aucilebelia,<br />
radgan bavSvebSi motivaciis amaRlebas uwyobs xels _ yvelas<br />
surs monawileoba, sakuTari Tavis gamomJRavneba~.<br />
`Cven kargad unda gvesmodes, rom skolis daniSnuleba<br />
mxolod moswavleebis wvrTna ar aris. olimpiadaSi yvelas<br />
SeuZlia monawileoba, miuxedavad imisa, Tu rogori warmatebebi<br />
aqvs skolaSi~, _ aRniSna gamocdebis erovnuli centris<br />
xelmZRvanelma maia miminoSvilma.<br />
nika gvaramia ambobs, rom `olimpiadebi yovelwliurad<br />
Catardeba da saerTaSoriso olimpiadebSi Cveni moswavleebis<br />
monawileobas saministro maqsimalurad waaxalisebs~. ganaTlebisa<br />
da mecnierebis ministrma nika gvaramiam saerTaSoriso<br />
olimpiadebSi gamarjvebuli 8 qarTveli moswavlec daajildova<br />
da 2000-lariani premiebi piradad gadasca. saqar-<br />
Tvelos erovnulma nakrebma 2008 wels vietnamSi, egviptesa<br />
da espaneTSi 9 brinjaos medali moipova.
novatorebi<br />
miuxedavad qarTul enaSi damkvidrebuli<br />
tradiciisa, sityva<br />
`kritikuli~ uaryofiT konotacias<br />
yovelTvis ar Seicavs. Sesabamisad,<br />
kritikuli azrovneba<br />
sulac ar niSnavs vinmes an raimes<br />
standartuli ga<strong>ge</strong>biT gakritikebas,<br />
naklis gamovlenas da<br />
uaryofiTi damokidebulebis<br />
gamoxatvas. kritikuli azrovneba<br />
inteleqtualuri procesia,<br />
romlis drosac xdeba dakvirvebis,<br />
gamocdilebis, fiqris Sedegad<br />
miRebuli informaciis Sefaseba,<br />
analizi da konceptualizacia.<br />
kritikuli azrovneba ar<br />
aris procesi, romelic aucileblad<br />
ad<strong>ge</strong>ns WeSmaritebas, an<br />
romlis Sedegadac mxolod<br />
swori daskvnebi gamogvaqvs.<br />
umTavresi swored azrovnebis<br />
procesia da ara Sedegi.<br />
kritikuli azrovnebis procesi<br />
ramdenime komponentisagan<br />
Sed<strong>ge</strong>ba:<br />
iazrovne<br />
kritikulad<br />
liberalur-demokratiuli sazogadoebis wevrebi<br />
gamoirCevian kritikuli Sefasebis, argumentebis moZiebis,<br />
mosazrebis damoukideblad Camoyalibebisa da saWiroebis<br />
SemTxvevaSi, am mosazrebis Secvlis unariT. iyo skeptikosi,<br />
niSnavs, iazrovno kritikulad da araferi miiRo<br />
gacnobierebisa da gaazrebis gareSe. es ki avtoritarizmisa<br />
da totalitarizmis prevenciis saukeTeso saSualebaa. skola<br />
mozardebSi am unaris ganviTarebas unda uwyobdes xels.<br />
ra aris<br />
kritikuli azrovneba?<br />
SekiTxvebis dasma<br />
problemis gansazRvra<br />
mtkicebulebis moZieba<br />
mosazrebebis Sefaseba<br />
alternatiuli<br />
interpretaciebis da<br />
Sexedulebebis ganxilva<br />
daskvnebis gamotana<br />
daskvnebis gadasinjva da<br />
gadafaseba.<br />
kritikulad moazrovne adamiani<br />
svams bevr (xSirad Tamam da<br />
uxerxul) SekiTxvas, sakuTar<br />
mosazrebebs ki mtkicebulebebze<br />
dayrdnobiT, naTlad da gasa<strong>ge</strong>bad<br />
ayalibebs. mas aqvs unari da<br />
survili, saTanado argumentebis<br />
arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, Seicvalos<br />
mosazreba, rogori myaric<br />
ar unda iyos igi. kritikuli moazrovnisaTvis<br />
ar arsebobs uryevi<br />
WeSmariteba saTanado dasabuTebis<br />
gareSe. mas SeuZlia ganasxvavos<br />
erTmaneTisgan faqti<br />
da mosazreba. kritikulad moazrovnes<br />
aqvs gambedaoba, aRiaros<br />
Secdomebi sakuTar msje-<br />
lela Caxaia<br />
ganaTlebis saministros programebis<br />
departamentis ufrosis moadgile<br />
N2, 2009 7<br />
,,dasafasebelia,<br />
roca adamians<br />
sakuTari<br />
poziciis dacvis<br />
unari aqvs,<br />
magram Tu<br />
sapirispiro<br />
mtkicebulebebis<br />
da argumentebis<br />
wamoyenebis<br />
SemTxvevaSi, is ar<br />
icvlis pozicias,<br />
es ukve umizno<br />
principuloba,<br />
an martivad rom<br />
vTqvaT, sijiutea,<br />
rac kritikul<br />
azrovnebasTan<br />
SeuTavsebelia.,<br />
,
8<br />
lobaSi. is yovelTvis mzad aris,<br />
ganixilos da miiRos gansxvavebuli<br />
azri.<br />
dasafasebelia, roca adamians sakuTari<br />
poziciis dacvis unari<br />
aqvs, magram Tu sapirispiro mtkicebulebebis<br />
da argumentebis wamoyenebis<br />
SemTxvevaSi, is ar icvlis<br />
pozicias, es ukve umizno principuloba,<br />
an martivad rom<br />
vTqvaT, sijiutea, rac kritikul<br />
azrovnebasTan SeuTavsebelia.<br />
kritikuli azrovnebis potenciali<br />
TiToeul adamianSi devs,<br />
yvelas aqvs samyaros Secnobis,<br />
mimdinare bunebrivi da socialuri<br />
movlenebis axsnis Tandayolili<br />
survili. adreul asakSi bavSvebi<br />
Zalian bevr SekiTxvas svamen<br />
pirdapir, yovelgvari moridebis<br />
gareSe. maT gansakuTrebiT xSirad<br />
surT gaigon, ratom xdeba<br />
esa Tu is movlena: ratom aris<br />
vaSli wiTeli, ratom ver dafrinaven<br />
adamianebi, ratom ar iyinebian<br />
pingvinebi samxreT polusze<br />
da a.S. bavSvebs ainteresebT<br />
ara ubralod faqtebi, aramed<br />
maTi dasabuTeba da daJinebiT<br />
cdiloben argumentebis mopovebas.<br />
asakis matebasTan erTad<br />
xSirad codnis SeZenis es bunebrivi<br />
wyurvili qreba da rogorc<br />
Cans, amas mniSvnelovnad uwyobs<br />
xels ojaxi, socialuri garemo,<br />
skola. mSoblebi, maswavleblebi,<br />
sxva ufrosebi bavSvs xSirad aCumeben,<br />
upasuxod toveben SekiTxvebs<br />
da auxsnelad, upirobod<br />
moiTxoven misgan miTiTebebis<br />
Sesrulebas. aseTi midgomis<br />
Sedegad mcirdeba Secnobis,<br />
Ziebis survili, Tandayolili<br />
cnobismoyvareoba da Sesabamisad,<br />
garemos kritikulad Sefasebis,<br />
gadawyvetilebebis damoukideblad<br />
miRebis unari. swored amitom<br />
Zalian mniSvnelovania, rom<br />
maswavlebelma TiToeul bavSvSi<br />
Secnobis, Ziebis, gansjis unari<br />
gaaRvivos da misgan moazrovne<br />
Camoayalibos.<br />
ratom<br />
unda vaswavloT<br />
kritikuli azrovneba?<br />
es SekiTxva SeiZleba bevrs gauCndes:<br />
ratom aris aucilebeli,<br />
bavSvebs vaswavloT yvelafris<br />
eWvqveS dayeneba da gamovumuSavoT<br />
undoblobis damokidebuleba?<br />
raSi sWirdeba adamians kritikuli<br />
azrovneba? mokle pasuxi<br />
aseTia: kritikuli azrovnebis<br />
unaris mqone adamians misi gamoyeneba<br />
SeuZlia nebismieri samecniero<br />
Tu cxovrebisuli problemis<br />
gadaWris gzebis Ziebisas. samwuxarod,<br />
swavlebis procesSi<br />
maswavleblebi xSirad mxolod<br />
Sinaarsze amaxvileben yuradRebas<br />
da ara meTodologiaze, Sesabamisad,<br />
erT saganSi miRebul<br />
codnas moswavle sxva saganSi, an<br />
sxva konteqstSi ver iyenebs.<br />
`swavla~ SegviZlia sxvadasxvagvarad<br />
gavigoT. erTi mxriv, SesaZloa,<br />
is informaciis pasiurad<br />
miRebas da dagrovebas gulisxmobdes.<br />
ra Tqma unda, kargia, roca<br />
adamians zepirad axsovs mravali<br />
TariRi, dasaxeleba, formula<br />
da a.S. Tumca udavoa, rom<br />
Tanamedrove teqnologiebis<br />
farTod gavrcelebis pirobebSi,<br />
bevri informaciis damaxsovrebis<br />
unari sul ufro da ufro naklebad<br />
momxiblav Tvisebas warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns.<br />
meore mxriv, swavla SeiZleba gulisxmobdes<br />
ara faqtobrivi informaciis<br />
miRebas, aramed im me-<br />
Todebis, unarebis aTvisebas, rac<br />
mis damuSavebaSi, daxarisxebaSi,<br />
organizebaSi, gaanalizebaSi,<br />
sxva msgavsi tipis informacias-<br />
Tan SedarebaSi dagvexmareba. ra<br />
Tqma unda, Zalian mniSvnelovania,<br />
moswavlem sagnis Sinaarsi iswavlos,<br />
magram Tu man pasiurad miiRo<br />
codna da TviTon ar CaerTo<br />
codnis warmoqmnis procesSi, dagrovebuli<br />
informacia. SesaZloa,<br />
ukvalod gaqres misi mexsierebidan.<br />
kritikuli azrovneba sazogadoebaSi<br />
Rrmad gamjdar crurwmenebTan<br />
brZolis iaraRs warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns,<br />
radgan misi erT-erTi mTavari<br />
Tviseba, rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT,<br />
alternatiuli mosazrebebis<br />
ganxilva da gaziarebaa.<br />
kritikuli azrovnebis unar-Cvevis<br />
gamomuSaveba ki sasar<strong>ge</strong>bloa<br />
ara mxolod pirovnebisTvis,<br />
romelic mas profesiul saqmianobasa<br />
Tu pirad cxovrebaSi iyenebs,<br />
aramed agreTve im disciplinaSi<br />
siaxleebis danergvisa da ganvi-<br />
TarebisTvis, romelSic igi<br />
moRvaweobs.<br />
kritikuli azrovnebis unari<br />
adamians sWirdeba liberalurdemokratiul<br />
sazogadoebaSi<br />
warmatebuli funqcionirebisTvis,<br />
radgan am pirobebSi individs<br />
gacilebiT meti pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobis<br />
aReba uwevs sakuTar<br />
Tavze, vidre avtoritarul sazogadoebaSi,<br />
sadac gadawyvetilebebs<br />
mis nacvlad sxvebi iReben.<br />
rogor<br />
ganvuviTaroT<br />
moswavleebs<br />
kritikuli azrovneba?<br />
kritikuli azrovnebis ganviTareba<br />
SesaZlebelia nebismieri<br />
sagnis swavlebisas ganaTlebis<br />
nebismier etapze. ara aqvs mniSvneloba,<br />
ra disciplinas aswavliT.<br />
arsebobs kritikuli azrovnebis
ganviTarebis xerxebi, romlebic<br />
yvela saganSi erTnairad gamoiyeneba<br />
(magaliTad, jgufuri muSaoba).<br />
zogierTi xerxi ki garkveul<br />
kategorias ufro miesada<strong>ge</strong>ba<br />
(magaliTad, eqsperimentebis Catareba<br />
yvelaze mosaxerxebelia<br />
sabunebismetyvelo sagnebis<br />
swavlebisas).<br />
kritikuli azrovnebis ganviTarebisken<br />
gadadgmuli pirveli<br />
nabiji SekiTxvebis dasmis Cvevis<br />
gamomuSavebaa. maswavlebelma<br />
unda waaxalisos moswavleebi,<br />
raTa maT bevri SekiTxva dasvan.<br />
es gansakuTrebiT sasar<strong>ge</strong>bloa<br />
axali saswavlo masalis miwodebisas.<br />
pedagogs SeuZlia klass<br />
pirdapir ki ar miawodos axali<br />
informacia, aramed mozardebs<br />
iseTi SekiTxvebi daasmevinos,<br />
romelTa pasuxadac isini am informacias<br />
miiReben. kargi iqneba,<br />
Tu axali masalis axsnis Semdeg<br />
maswavlebeli maT sTxovs, momdevno<br />
gakveTilisTvisac moamzadon<br />
garkveuli raodenobis SekiTxvebi.<br />
kritikuli azrovnebis gansavi-<br />
Tareblad Zalian sasar<strong>ge</strong>bloa<br />
saklaso Sefasebis teqnikis gamoyeneba.<br />
maswavlebels SeuZlia<br />
gakveTilis bolos sTxovos moswavleebs,<br />
Camoweron sami yvelaze<br />
mniSvnelovani ram, rac maT im<br />
dRes gakveTilze gai<strong>ge</strong>s, sami<br />
SekiTxva, romelzec maT pasuxi<br />
ver miiRes da rogor ukavSirdeba<br />
es yvelaferi sxva gakveTilebis<br />
masalas.<br />
kargi iqneba, Tu bavSvebi skolis<br />
asakidan daiwyeben mcire masStabis<br />
kvlevebis Catarebas. es SesaZloa<br />
iyos informaciis, monacemebis<br />
moZieba, gamokiTxvebis Catareba,<br />
dakvirvebis ganxorcieleba<br />
da miRebuli Sede<strong>ge</strong>bis struqturizebuli<br />
saxiT warmod<strong>ge</strong>na.<br />
ase moswavleebi mieCvevian saWiro<br />
informaciis moZiebas, gafiltvras<br />
da am informaciis da mtkicebulebebis<br />
safuZvelze msjelobis<br />
a<strong>ge</strong>bas.<br />
rodesac moaswavles ukve xelT<br />
aqvs garkveuli informacia da<br />
monacemebi, saWiroa icodes, Tu<br />
rogor SeiZleba am informaciis<br />
dajgufeba da kategorizacia.<br />
N2, 2009 9<br />
arsebobs orgvari midgoma: magaliTad,<br />
Tu enis maswavlebeli<br />
moswavleebs uxsnis gansxvavebas<br />
arsebiT saxelebsa da zmnebs Soris,<br />
mas SeuZlia jer TiToeulis-<br />
Tvis damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebebi<br />
axsnas da Semdeg sTxovos mozardebs,<br />
sityvebi zmnis an arsebiTi<br />
saxelis kategoriaSi moaTavson.<br />
meore mxriv, maswavlebels SeuZlia<br />
moswavleebs misces or kategoriaSi<br />
ganawilebuli sityvebis<br />
sia da sTxovos, TviTon daadginon<br />
is kriteriumebi, romelTa<br />
mixedviTac moxda ganawileba.<br />
radgan kritikuli azrovnebis<br />
erT-erTi umTavresi komponenti<br />
gansxvavebuli azris mosmenis da<br />
gaziarebis survilia, bavSvs mudmivad<br />
unda axsovdes, rom yvela<br />
situaciaSi arsebobs alternati-
<strong>10</strong><br />
va _ alternatiuli hipoTezebi,<br />
mosazrebebi, daskvnebi, ganmartebebi,<br />
<strong>ge</strong>gmebi. am unaris gansaviTareblad<br />
kargi savarjiSoa<br />
situaciis sxva perspeqtividan<br />
danaxva.<br />
kritikulad moazrovne adamians<br />
unda SeeZlos axali argumentebis<br />
da mtkicebulebebis miRebis Sem-<br />
TxvevaSi, ukve Camoyalibebuli<br />
Sexedulebebis Secvla. sasurvelia,<br />
maswavlebelma moswavleebs<br />
dozirebulad miawodos informacia,<br />
yovel jerze gamoaTqmevinos<br />
maT sakuTari azri da daakvirdes,<br />
ramdenad Seicvleba igi.<br />
bevri eqsperti fiqrobs, rom<br />
kritikuli azrovnebis ganviTarebisTvis<br />
kargia, Tu maswavlebeli<br />
moswavleebs iseT SekiTxvas<br />
dausvams, romelzec pasuxi Tvi-<br />
Ton ar icis, an ar aris darwmunebuli.<br />
am SemTxvevaSi, pedagogs<br />
SeuZlia mozardebTan erTad mo-<br />
Zebnos igi da amiT garkveuli magaliTi<br />
misces maT. garda amisa,<br />
es moswavleebs daexmareba, daZlion<br />
arcodnis kompleqsi, aRiaron,<br />
rom ar ician pasuxi ama Tu<br />
im SekiTxvaze da miuxedavad<br />
amisa, logikuri msjelobis<br />
gziT mainc SeuZliaT mividnen<br />
savaraudo pasuxebamde, Tundac<br />
isini araswori aRmoCndes.<br />
sazogadoebis rac ufro met wevrs<br />
aqvs damoukideblad gansjis,<br />
fiqris da amis Sedegad racionaluri<br />
gadawyvetilebebis miRebis<br />
unari, miT ufro didia albaToba,<br />
rom es sazogadoeba Sed<strong>ge</strong>ba,<br />
rogorc liberaluri, demokratiuli<br />
erToba. maswavleblebma<br />
ki bolomde unda gamoiyenon<br />
unikaluri SesaZlebloba, gamoaRviZon<br />
da ganaviTaron TiToeul<br />
moswavleSi bunebrivad<br />
arsebuli es unari.
globaluri skola<br />
Cven ise aRar unda vaswavloT,<br />
rogorc Cven gvaswavlidnen. es imas<br />
ar niSnavs, rom Cveni maswavleblebi<br />
araprofesionalebi iyvnen.<br />
ubralod, isini sxva realobaSi<br />
sacxovreblad gvamzadebdnen,<br />
dRes ki msoflio sruliad sxva<br />
realobaSia. axla Cven codnis<br />
ekonomikaSi vcxovrobT.<br />
codnis ekonomikaze bolo dros<br />
xSirad saubroben. es sityvebi ismis<br />
ganviTarebuli Tu ganviTarebadi<br />
saxelmwifoebis prezidentebis<br />
gamosvlebSi, ekonomikur forumebze<br />
da maswavleblebis mimar-<br />
TvebSi. codnis ekonomikas gansakuTrebiT<br />
xSirad ganaTlebis sistemebze<br />
saubrisas axseneben, radgan<br />
swored ganaTlebis sistemis<br />
mowyobazea damokidebuli is, Tu<br />
ramdenad SeZlebs momavali Taoba<br />
arsebuli realobis qveynis sake-<br />
TildReod gamoyenebas. Tu es SesaZlebelia,<br />
maSin qveyanas warmatebis<br />
Sansi aqvs, Tu _ ara, mas amave<br />
ekonomikis mier gariyva emuqreba.<br />
jer kidev 2003 wels msoflio<br />
bankis erT-erT angariSSi saubari<br />
iyo imaze, rom gardamavali<br />
ekonomikis mqone qveynebs, romel-<br />
Ta Soris saqarTveloc aris, gansakuTrebiT<br />
emuqreba Semdgomi<br />
marginalizacia, radgan maTi ganaTlebis<br />
sistemebi momaval Taobas<br />
ver aZleven am ekonomikisTvis<br />
Sesaferis unar-Cvevebs.<br />
codnis<br />
ekonomika<br />
Tanamedrove msoflios gamowvevebi<br />
ganaTlebis sistemebs<br />
ras gulisxmobs<br />
codnis ekonomika<br />
codnis ekonomikaSi, ekonomikuri<br />
zrdisTvis aramaterialuri kapitali,<br />
anu codna da informacia<br />
ufro mniSvnelovania, vidre<br />
xelSesaxebi kapitali (bunebrivi<br />
resursebi da fizikuri infrastruqtura)<br />
da samuSao Zalis<br />
ricxovneba. ekonomisti piter<br />
drukeri erT-erTi pirveli werda<br />
axali ekonomikis Sesaxeb: `sazogadoebis<br />
mTavari ekonomikuri<br />
resursi ukve aRar aris<br />
kapitali an samuSao Zala, aramed...<br />
codna. Rirebulebas qmnis mxolod<br />
produqtiuloba da inovacia~.<br />
dasavluri saxelmwifoebis magaliTze,<br />
ekonomistebi adastureben,<br />
rom me-19 saukunis 50-iani<br />
wlebisgan gansxvavebiT, dRes<br />
mTliani Sida produqtis zrdaSi<br />
gacilebiT didia xelSeuxebeli<br />
kapitalis wvlili, vidre xelSesaxebisa.<br />
Sesabamisad, msoflios<br />
mravali qveynis liderebi gamudmebiT<br />
akeTeben aqcents TavianTi<br />
ganaTlebis sistemebis naklovanebebze<br />
da cdiloben, fexi auwyon<br />
axal ekonomikas.<br />
„Cven ocdameerTe saukunis codnis<br />
ekonomikaSi vcxovrobT, Cveni<br />
skolebi ki....isev meoce saukuneSi<br />
darCa,“ _ es amerikis viceprezidentis<br />
jo baidenis sityve-<br />
sofo gorgoZe<br />
N2, 2009 11<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />
centris direqtori
12<br />
bia, romliTac man Tanamemamuleebs<br />
mimarTa, roca amerikaSi wignierebis<br />
amaRlebis saWiroebaze<br />
saubrobda. is ukmayofilebas<br />
gamoTqvamda, radgan, misi azriT,<br />
qveyanaSi wera-kiTxvis unarebi<br />
yvela bavSvs ar hqonda saTanadod<br />
ganviTarebuli, miT ufro, azrovnebis<br />
iseTi unari, rogorsac<br />
codnis ekonomika moiTxovda.<br />
savaraudod, koreis mTavroba<br />
aseT mwuxarebas ar gamoTqvams,<br />
radgan maT wignierebis doniT<br />
bevr qveyanas gauswres da adamianuri<br />
kapitalis TvalsazrisiTac<br />
sakmaod win wavidnen (adamianuri<br />
kapitali gulisxmobs codnasa<br />
da unar-Cvevebs, rac ekonomikur<br />
Rirebulebas qmnis). bolo 40 wlis<br />
ganmavlobaSi koream uprecendento<br />
ekonomikuri zrda aCvena,<br />
mTliani Sida produqti 11-jer<br />
gaizarda. kvlevebi adasturebs,<br />
rom koreaSi ekonomikuri zrdis<br />
mTavari ganmsazRvreli faqtori<br />
swored codnis dagroveba gaxda.<br />
ras niSnavs es Cveni qveynisTvis?<br />
iseT pirobebSi, roca ekonomikuri<br />
zrda, qveynis produqtiuloba da<br />
warmateba damokidebulia ara imdenad<br />
qveyanaSi arsebul bunebriv<br />
resursebze, aramed adamianuri kapitalis<br />
xarisxze, mniSvnelovania<br />
swored adamianur kapitalSi, momavali<br />
Taobis ganaTlebaSi investireba.<br />
Tu adre investorebi dainteresebuli<br />
iyvnen im qveynebiT,<br />
sadac iafi iyo bunebrivi resursebi<br />
da dabali kvalifikaciis mu-<br />
Saxeli, codnis ekonomikis pirobebSi<br />
isini eZeben qveynebs, sadac<br />
adamianuri kapitalia iafi. ganaTlebaSi<br />
Cadebuli investicia momavalSi<br />
qveynis warmatebis sawindari<br />
gaxdeba. maT mozidvaSic swored<br />
adamianuri kapitali TamaSobs<br />
umniSvnelovanes rols. mag. 1996<br />
wels kosta-rikaSi samasmilioniani<br />
investicia uzarmazarma kompiuterulma<br />
kompaniam `intelma~ imitom<br />
ganaxorciela, rom iq maRali donis<br />
adamianuri kapitali arsebobda.<br />
am qveyanam gansakuTrebiT didi<br />
investicia Cado ganaTlebis<br />
sistemaSi, sainformacio teqnologiebi<br />
dawyebiT klasebSi jer<br />
kidev 1988 wels Seitanes da<br />
moswavleebis momzadeba msoflios<br />
axali ekonomikis moTxovnebis<br />
Sesabamisad daiwyes.<br />
rogor movamzadoT<br />
momavali Taoba<br />
me-19 saukunis bolos da me-20<br />
saukunis dasawyisSi, roca msoflio<br />
agrarulidan industriul<br />
ekonomikaze gadadioda, am cvlilebas<br />
ganaTlebis sistemebSic<br />
didi gardatexa mohyva. qveynebma<br />
daiwyes zrunva imaze, rom ufro<br />
met adamians hqonoda sruli saskolo<br />
ganaTlebis miRebis saSualeba<br />
da umaRles saswavlebleb-<br />
Si swavlis xelmisawvdomoba gazrdiliyo.<br />
dRes, roca msoflio<br />
codnis ekonomikaze gadadis, ganaTlebis<br />
sistemebi isev Zireul<br />
cvlilebebs saWiroebs. axla mTavaria<br />
ara mxolod is, Tu ramdenad<br />
xelmisawvdomia codna adamianebisaTvis,<br />
aramed ramdenad<br />
SeuZliaT maT misi efeqturad<br />
gamoyeneba da masze sxva codnis<br />
daSeneba. dRevandel realobaSi<br />
codna, rogorc kapitali, ar gulisxmobs<br />
pasiuri informaciis<br />
miRebas, aramed igi kognituri<br />
(SemecnebiTi) unaria, romelic<br />
ar aris specifikuri romelime<br />
tipis saqmianobisaTvis.<br />
codnis ekonomikaSi warmatebis<br />
misaRwevad mozardTaTvis im unarebis<br />
ganviTarebaa saWiro, romel-<br />
Ta meSveobiTac isini SeZleben<br />
Secvlili realobisTvis alRos<br />
swrafad aRebas, ar gauWirdebaT<br />
<strong>ge</strong>ografiulad vrcel arealSi<br />
moRvaweoba da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi,<br />
axali tipis unarebs ganiviTareben,<br />
sruliad axal profesiebs<br />
daeuflebian. amis saWiroeba<br />
iqidan gamomdinareobs, rom codnis<br />
ekonomikaSi SeZenili unarebis<br />
cveTa swrafad xdeba. amitom adamianebs<br />
sakuTari unarebis ganaxleba<br />
mTeli sicocxlis ganmavlobaSi<br />
sWirdebaT. swavla mTeli sicocxlis<br />
manZilze _ swored amas<br />
moiTxovs axali ekonomika.<br />
mravali qveynis zogadi ganaTlebis<br />
reformis mizania, TiToeulma<br />
bavSvma maRal doneze ganiviTaros<br />
kognituri unarebi, Seqmnas<br />
codna, gamoiyenos is ucnobi<br />
problemebis gadasaWrelad da<br />
SeZlos am codnis sxvebisTvis<br />
efeqturad gaziareba. es moicavs<br />
metakognicias, konstruqtivistul<br />
swavlebas, TanamSromlobiT swavlebas<br />
da informaciuli teqnologiebis<br />
gamoyenebas. aseTi ekonomika<br />
inovaciur azrovnebas da<br />
komunikaciis uaRresad daxvewil<br />
unarebs moiTxovs.<br />
gamowveva<br />
maswavleblebisTvis<br />
axali ekonomika maswavleblebisgan<br />
axali tipis profesionalizms<br />
moiTxovs _ SemoqmedebiTobas,<br />
moqnilobas, problemebis gadaWras,<br />
originalurobas, riskebis<br />
marTvis, cvlilebebTan adaptirebis<br />
unarebsa da mudmivi<br />
gaumjobesebisaken swrafvas.<br />
pedagogiuri mimarTulebebi unda<br />
gadaewyos jgufur muSaobaze,<br />
kritikuli azrovnebis ganviTarebaze.<br />
informaciis gadacema unda<br />
Seicvalos codnis SeqmniT, gamoyenebiT,<br />
analiziT Tu sinTeziT.<br />
wina planze gamodis moswavleze<br />
orientirebuli swavleba, rac<br />
imas gulisxmobs, rom maswavlebelma<br />
icis, ra codna da informacia<br />
aqvs moswavles da amis gaTvaliswinebiT<br />
<strong>ge</strong>gmavs gakveTils.<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTareba<br />
ufro TanamSromlobiTi<br />
unda gaxdes. saWiroa, Seiqmnas saswavlo<br />
qselebi, skolebi ki maswavleblebisTvis<br />
saswavlo organizaciebad<br />
gadaiqcnen. mniSvnelovania,<br />
imis gaTvaliswinebac, rom yvela<br />
maswavlebels mudmivad sWirdeba<br />
sakuTari codnis ganaxleba. dRevandelobis<br />
moTxovnaa, isini erkveodnen<br />
teqnologiebSi da mudmivad<br />
ecnobodnen axal pedagogiur<br />
meTodebsa da ideebs. amitom<br />
Tu maswavleblebi iTanamSromleben,<br />
gacilebiT advili iqneba<br />
Sedegis miRweva.
codnis ekonomikaSi gansakuTrebiT<br />
mniSvnelovani xdeba samoqalaqo<br />
ganaTleba. codnis ekonomika<br />
a<strong>ge</strong>bulia sar<strong>ge</strong>blis miRebaze,<br />
mo<strong>ge</strong>baze. Sesabamisad, Tu yurad-<br />
Reba ar mieqceva moswavleTa samoqalaqo<br />
aRzrdas da saTanado<br />
pirobebi ar Seiqmneba socialuri<br />
integraciisaTvis, axalma ekonomikam<br />
SesaZloa uaryofiTi Sede<strong>ge</strong>bi<br />
moutanos sazogadoebas, gaizardos<br />
zRvari mdidrebsa da Raribebs<br />
Soris, gaRrmavdes eTnikuri<br />
fundamentalizmi. amitomaa<br />
mniSvnelovani, rom TiToeuli<br />
maswavlebeli flobdes samoqalaqo<br />
ganaTlebisaTvis saWiro aucilebel<br />
kompetenciebs. samoqalaqo<br />
ganaTleba xels uwyobs qveyanaSi<br />
samarTlian mmarTvelobas da kanonmorCilebas,<br />
rac pirdapir kav-<br />
SirSia ekonomikur da socialur<br />
ganviTarebasTan.<br />
codnis ekonomikaSi aseve umniSvnelovanesia<br />
informaciuli teqnologiebis<br />
roli. isini mxolod<br />
informaciis xelmisawvdomobas ki<br />
ar uzrunvelyofen, aramed saSualebas<br />
iZlevian, rom moswavleebma<br />
sxvadasxva tipis unarebis ganvi-<br />
Tarebaze imuSaon. kompiuteruli<br />
programebi maT saSualebas aZlevs,<br />
bevri ram damoukideblad iswavlon.<br />
jer kidev 1997 wels amerikaSi<br />
Catarebulma kvlevam aCvena, rom<br />
sabazo safexuris moswavleebma,<br />
romelTac kompiuteruli programis<br />
saSualebiT SeeZloT aCqarebis<br />
da siCqaris vizualizacia,<br />
ufro efeqturad gamoiyenes niutonis<br />
kanonebi realuri cxovrebidan<br />
aRebuli amocanebis gadasaWrelad,<br />
vidre saSualo safexuris<br />
moswavleebma, romlebic msgavs<br />
programas ar iyenebdnen. sanam es<br />
yvelaferi skolaSi dainer<strong>ge</strong>ba,<br />
saWiroa maswavleblebis safuZvliani<br />
momzadeba. upirveles yovlisa,<br />
pedago<strong>ge</strong>bma teqnologiebis saWiroeba<br />
unda gaiTavison. am mizniT<br />
CileSi Seqmnes teqnologiis mikrocentrebi,<br />
sadac maswavleblebi<br />
jgufurad midian da erTad <strong>ge</strong>gmaven<br />
saklaso aqtivobebs Tanamedrove<br />
teqnologiebis gamoyenebiT.<br />
gamowveva<br />
saxelmwifosaTvis<br />
rogori ganaTlebis sistema da<br />
Sesabamisad, rogori ekonomika<br />
gveqneba momavalSi, saxelmwifos<br />
arCevanzea damokidebuli. is, Tu<br />
ra doziT moxdeba investireba<br />
adamianur kapitalSi, mecnierebisa<br />
da teqnologiebis ganviTarebaSi,<br />
umniSvnelovanesi faqtoria<br />
ganaTlebis saxelmwifo politikis<br />
gansasazRvrad. saxelmwifos<br />
arCevans, am SemTxvevaSi, mxolod<br />
survili ki ar ganapirobebs, aramed<br />
SesaZleblobac da isic, Tu<br />
amJamad ra etapze vimyofebiT<br />
ganaTlebaSi investiciis TvalsazrisiT.<br />
codnis ekonomikisTvis<br />
momzadeba gacilebiT advili iqneba<br />
im qveynebisaTvis, sadac adamianur<br />
kapitalSi investireba<br />
imTaviTve gacilebiT maRalia.<br />
2007 wlis monacemebiT yvelaze<br />
met investicias ganaTlebaSi debs<br />
dania, korea, amerikis SeerTebuli<br />
Statebi da islandia, sadac<br />
ganaTlebis dafinanseba mTliani<br />
Sida produqtis 7-idan 11%-mdea.<br />
zogadad, ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa<br />
da ganviTarebis organizaciis<br />
wevr 31 qveyanaSi (evropis<br />
qveynebis umravlesoba, a.S.S., korea,<br />
iaponia da sxva) bolo <strong>10</strong> wlis<br />
manZilze ganaTlebis dafinanseba<br />
SesamCnevad gaizarda. saqarTvelos<br />
finansTa saministros monacemebiT<br />
ki, 2000 wlidan 2008 wlamde<br />
ganaTlebis dafinanseba mTlian<br />
Sida produqtTan mimarTebaSi<br />
2.18%-dan 2.8%-mde gaizarda.<br />
mniSvnelovania isic, Tu rogor<br />
axdens sxvadasxva qveyana ganaTlebis<br />
dafinansebis gadanawilebas,<br />
raTa maqsimalurad efeqturad<br />
miaRwios sasurvel Sedegs.<br />
daaxloebiT erTnairi dafinansebis<br />
pirobebSi, luqsemburgi<br />
cdilobs, meti Tanxa daxarjos<br />
mcire zomis klasebze da hyavdes<br />
ufro bevri maswavlebeli, koreaSi<br />
ki maswavleblebis xelfasebs<br />
didi klasebis xarjze zrdian,<br />
sadac gansakuTrebiT kvalificiur<br />
pedago<strong>ge</strong>bs iwveven da maT<br />
N2, 2009 13<br />
maRal xelfass uxdian. inglisi<br />
da avstralia damwyeb maswavleblebs<br />
uzrdis xelfass ufro meti<br />
kvalificiuri kadris mosazidad,<br />
Tumca gavrcelebuli SefasebiT,<br />
msgavs SemTxvevebSi, ukve moqmed<br />
pedagogs naklebi motivacia aqvs<br />
profesiuli ganviTarebis TvalsazrisiT<br />
(Tu misi xelfasi damwyebi<br />
maswavleblis xelfasis tolia<br />
da ar icvleba). saqarTvelo-<br />
Si ganaTlebis dafinansebis simwiris<br />
miuxedavad, etapobrivad daiwyo<br />
maswavleblebis xelfasebis<br />
gazrda. es zrda nawilobriv ganaTlebis<br />
sxva sferoebis dafinansebis<br />
Semcirebis xarjze xdeba, magram<br />
zogad politikas mainc asaxavs.<br />
Tumca jerjerobiT mainc<br />
arasakmarisi Zalisxmevaa imisaTvis,<br />
rom maRalkvalificiuri kadrebi<br />
movizidoT.<br />
rogorc vxedavT, codnis ekonomikisaken<br />
yvela qveyana Tavis gzas<br />
irCevs, rac maT momavals ganapirobebs.<br />
Cvenma qveyanamac saku-<br />
Tari gza unda airCios, unda gadawyvitos,<br />
rogori iqneba investireba<br />
adamianur kapitalSi, rogor<br />
gadanawildeba resursebi<br />
sxvadasxva sferoebze, ramdenad<br />
Seiqmneba iseTi instituciuri baza,<br />
rom dagrovili codnis maqsimalurad<br />
efeqturad gamoyeneba<br />
iyos SesaZlebeli. isic gasarkvevia,<br />
ra droSi SeuZlia dRevandel<br />
investicias moitanos dadebiTi<br />
cvlilebebi da ramdenad uaryofiTi<br />
SeiZleba iyos axlandeli<br />
mwiri investicia momavalSi. kargi<br />
iqneba, Tu saxelmwifosTan er-<br />
Tad TiToeuli Cvenganic dafiqrdeba<br />
am arCevanze _ imaze, Tu<br />
rogori gvinda, iyos saqarTvelos<br />
momavali da risi gakeTeba<br />
SegviZlia am momavlisTvis.
14<br />
mrgvali magida<br />
Sorena burdilaZe<br />
SexvedraSi monawileobdnen:<br />
gia murRulia<br />
24-e sajaro skolis direqtori<br />
irakli kakabaZe<br />
evropuli universitetis skola<br />
„mTiebis“ saSualo skolis direqtori<br />
fati firuaSvili<br />
pirveli sajaro skolis qarTuli<br />
enisa da literaturis maswavlebeli<br />
naTia nacvliSvili<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis centri<br />
sofo gorgoZe<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis centris direqtori<br />
giorgi gaxelaZe<br />
eqsperti samoqalaqo ganaTlebis<br />
sakiTxebSi<br />
sofo britanCuki<br />
saqarTvelos komunikaciebis<br />
erovnuli komisiis wevri<br />
qeTi msxilaZe<br />
sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis<br />
monitoringis jgufis ufrosi<br />
levan bregaZe<br />
mwerali, literaturis kritikosi<br />
ana laRiZe<br />
fsiqologi<br />
Sexvedras uZRveboda<br />
`maswavleblis~ mTavari redaqtori<br />
xaTuna kveselava<br />
rogor<br />
vaswavloT Rirebulebebi<br />
skolaSi<br />
mozardi Taobis RirebulebaTa sistemis Camoyalibeba<br />
sazogadoebis yvelaze mniSvnelovani sazrunavia. ra funqciis<br />
Sesruleba SeuZlia skolas am mimarTulebiT da ramdenad<br />
SesaZlebelia amis ganxorcieleba saswavlo procesSi? am<br />
Temaze `maswavleblis~ iniciativiT gamarTuli mrgvali<br />
magidis monawileebma imsjeles.<br />
ramdenad mniSvnelovania<br />
saswavlo procesSi mozardTa<br />
Rirebulebebis sistemis<br />
Camoyalibebaze zrunva da ra<br />
gzebi da resursebi aqvs<br />
skolas saamisod?<br />
gia murRulia: sayovelTaod aRiarebulia<br />
Sexeduleba, rom mxolod<br />
inteleqtualurma aRzrdam<br />
msoflios kargi araferi moutana.<br />
emociuri aRzrdisa da Rirebulebebis<br />
sistemis Camoyalibebis<br />
gareSe SeuZlebelia srulfasovani<br />
pirovnebis, ojaxisa Tu sazogadoebis<br />
arseboba. RirebulebaTa<br />
sistema moswavleebSi gadamwyveti<br />
Temaa. dasawyisisTvis, kargi<br />
iqneba, Tu SevTanxmdebiT, kerZod<br />
ra Rirebulebebs vgulisxmobT<br />
am sakiTxze saubrisas. Tu vsaubrobT<br />
samyaros mimarT damokidebulebaze,<br />
samSoblos gancdaze,<br />
siyvarulze, megobrobaze, Tanadgomasa<br />
Tu gulisxmierebaze, ma-<br />
Sin, bunebrivia, amaze mniSvnelovans<br />
verc skola da verc sazogadoeba<br />
verafers gaakeTebs.<br />
Cvens skolaSi, romelic rigiTi<br />
nomriT 24-a, aseTi ram davamkvid-<br />
reT: avirCieT cxovrebis 24 orientiri,<br />
romelic warmod<strong>ge</strong>nilia<br />
sxvadasxva cnobili fraziT,<br />
magaliTad, `icxovre da acale<br />
sxvebs sikvdili~. avirCieT aseve<br />
mTavari slogani skolisTvis _ „Tavisufleba<br />
Sedegia da ara mizani“.<br />
irakli kakabaZe: skolis idea,<br />
zogadad, mxolod codnis micemas<br />
ar gulisxmobs. mas aRmzrdelobiTi<br />
funqciac aqvs, Tumca zogadi<br />
Rirebulebebi erTmaneTTan<br />
winaaRmdegobaSi ar unda modiodes.<br />
unda SevTanxmdeT, skola<br />
moqalaqeobrivi Rirebulebebis<br />
mqada<strong>ge</strong>blad moviazroT Tu zogadsakacobrio<br />
Rirebulebebisa.<br />
xSirad vamCnev, rogor emsgavsebian<br />
klasis damri<strong>ge</strong>bels misi<br />
moswavleebi. roca erTi maswavleblis<br />
gavlena aseTi didia, warmoidgineT,<br />
ra SeuZlia skolas,<br />
sadac bavSvi Tavisi cxovrebis<br />
12 wels atarebs.<br />
rogor fiqrobT, arsebobs<br />
Tu ara sazogadoebaSi<br />
Tanxmoba: ras vgulisxmobT<br />
RirebulebebSi?
giorgi gaxelaZe: Rirebulebebsa<br />
da maT definiciaze kamaTi sazogadoebaSi<br />
ganuwyvetliv mimdinareobs.<br />
mrCeba STabeWdileba, rom<br />
Cveni sazogadoeba sityva `Rirebulebis~<br />
aRqmis sakiTxSi Zalian<br />
araerTgvarovania. is konstruqciebi,<br />
romelic yvela Cvengans<br />
warmoud<strong>ge</strong>nia am sityvaTSeTanxmebis<br />
qveS, Zalian gansxvavebulia.<br />
kargi iqneboda, sazogadoebis did<br />
nawilSi gamovleniliyo raime<br />
Tanxmoba, Tu RirebulebaTa ra<br />
sistemas vaRiarebT, rogorc Cveni<br />
identobis sayrdensa da momavali<br />
Taobebis zneobriv orientirs.<br />
Cven im etapze varT, roca jer<br />
kidev veZebT, ras davarqvaT swori<br />
saxelebi da Semdeg movaxdinoT<br />
maTi realizeba.<br />
erovnuli saswavlo <strong>ge</strong>gmis Sed<strong>ge</strong>nisas<br />
ramdenime sagnobrivi jgufis<br />
swavla-swavlebis nawilis<br />
SesavalSi Tavad CamovwereT im<br />
RirebulebaTa CamonaTvali, rasac<br />
saswavlo <strong>ge</strong>gmis Semd<strong>ge</strong>neli adamianebi<br />
am cnebaSi vgulisxmobdiT.<br />
naTia nacvliSvili: vfiqrob, nebismier<br />
sazogadoebaSi, ganviTarebis<br />
ra etapzec ar unda iyos igi,<br />
yovelTvis iarsebebs garkveuli<br />
acdenebi Tu disonansi Rirebulebebis<br />
definiciisas. Tumca am fonze<br />
mainc bevri sakiTxia, rac yvelasTvis<br />
calsaxa da misaRebia. aseve<br />
calsaxaa skolis umniSvnelo-<br />
vanesi roli mozardis RirebulebaTa<br />
sistemis CamoyalibebaSi. am<br />
sakiTxze muSaoba ki iwyeba imiT,<br />
rom skolam unda gaacnobieros<br />
es roli da Sesabamisad, pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobac<br />
aiRos sakuTar Tavze.<br />
magaliTad, am mxriv CemTvis Zalian<br />
saintereso iyo ucxouri saskolo<br />
programebis gacnoba (saubaria<br />
sajaro skolebze). isini sakmaod<br />
sayuradRebo gamocdilebas gvTavazoben.<br />
yoveli wlis an semestris<br />
samuSao <strong>ge</strong>gmaSi irCeven ramdenime<br />
Rirebulebas, rogorc orientirs,<br />
magaliTad, cxovrebis janmrTeli<br />
wesis damkvidrebas, TanamSromlobiTi<br />
unaris ganviTarebas,<br />
an garemos dacvaze zrunvas da<br />
Semdeg, mTeli wlisa Tu semestris<br />
ganmavlobaSi, am mimarTulebiT<br />
<strong>ge</strong>gmaven sxvadasxva aqtivobasa Tu<br />
RonisZiebas. es gamocdileba Cvenc<br />
SegviZlia gaviziaroT. sxva sakiTxia,<br />
skolis paralelurad rogor<br />
erTveba mozardis cnobierebis<br />
CamoyalibebaSi ojaxi Tu garemo.<br />
ramdenad uTmobs yuradRebas<br />
skola am problemas? rCeba<br />
STabeWdileba, rom skolebi<br />
ZiriTadad sxva sakiTxebze<br />
arian orientirebulni da<br />
aRmzrdelobiTi muSaoba<br />
gverdze rCeba.<br />
ana laRiZe: Rirebulebebi ar<br />
iswavleba, isini yalibdeba. sa-<br />
gia murRulia<br />
N2, 2009 15<br />
zogadoebas Tavisi Rirebulebebi<br />
ukve aqvs, arsebobs individualuri<br />
Rirebulebebi, an ojaxis<br />
Rirebulebebi, rasac tradicia<br />
hqvia da eris Rirebulebebi, rasac<br />
kultura hqvia. roca gvinda,<br />
rom bavSvs es Rirebulebebi CavunergoT,<br />
is yvela dones unda<br />
moicavdes. sxva sakiTxia, unda<br />
iswavlebodes Tu ara is skolaSi.<br />
swavlebis mTeli Sinaarsi swored<br />
Rirebulebebs emyareba da amas<br />
ar sWirdeba xelovnurad damatebiTi<br />
sagnobrivi datvirTva. yvela<br />
didi nawarmoebi, rac skolaSi<br />
iswavleba, mxolod inteleqtis<br />
amaRlebas ar emsaxureba.<br />
samoqalaqo cnobierebas ki marTlac<br />
sWirdeba gazrda. buneba unda<br />
davicvaT da es bavSvma skolaSi<br />
unda iswavlos. samoqalo cnobierebis<br />
amaRleba da masTan dakav-<br />
Sirebuli Cvevebis gamomuSaveba<br />
skolaSi SesaZlebelia. roca<br />
sazogadoebaSi SeTanxmebul<br />
Rirebulebebze vsaubrobT, unda<br />
gaviTvaliswinoT, rom epoqis cvla<br />
avtomaturad iwvevs ganwyobebisa<br />
da Rirebulebebis cvlas. aris<br />
garkveuli periodebi, roca Cvenc<br />
vkargavT Zvel orientirebs da<br />
epoqis Sesabamisis Ziebas viwyebT.<br />
dRevandeli epoqa materialur<br />
platformas efuZneba da misi<br />
umaRlesi Rirebuleba fulia.
16<br />
irakli kakabaZe<br />
irakli kakabaZe: unda aRvniS-<br />
noT, rom mozardis pirovnebis<br />
formirebaSi skolas is gadamwyveti<br />
funqcia aRar aqvs, rac saukunis<br />
dasawyissa da SuaxanebSi<br />
hqonda. igi mxolod erT-erT<br />
instrumentad darCa. bolodroindeli<br />
kataklizmebis procesSi<br />
man, garda imisa, rom Zveli funqcia<br />
daTmo, orientiric dakarga.<br />
qarTulma skolam ver upasuxa<br />
Tanamedrove gamowvevebsa da XXI<br />
saukunis saganmanaTleblo sivrcis<br />
gareT aRmoCnda. rac Seexeba Rirebulebebs,<br />
romlebic erovnul<br />
saswavlo <strong>ge</strong>gmaSi Sevida, es Rirebulebebic<br />
bewvis xidze gadis da<br />
unda vecadoT, isini Cveni da momavali<br />
Taobis cxovrebis ganmsaz-<br />
Rvrel faseulobad darCes da<br />
ideologiur iaraRad ar iqces.<br />
aSkarad TvalSisacemia is<br />
problemebi, romlebic mozardebis<br />
qcevaSi vlindeba:<br />
momatebuli agresia, damaxinjebuli<br />
metyveleba, erTmaneTTan<br />
damokidebuleba...<br />
mSoblebsac awuxebT es<br />
yvelaferi da amas mainc<br />
skolas ukavSireben.<br />
ana laRiZe: mozardisTvis mTavari<br />
sakuTari mes gamorkvevaa,<br />
Sesabamisad, mas is Rirebulebebi<br />
uyalibdeba, rac TviTidentifikaciis<br />
gamyarebaSi uwyobs xels.<br />
problemac esaa. TviTidentifikacias<br />
bavSvi axdens misi Tanamedrove<br />
cnobadi saxeebis magaliTze.<br />
mas dRes ar hyavs xati, visac<br />
surs, rom mibaZos, an hgavdes.<br />
Zveli kumirebi daimsxvra,<br />
axlebi jer ar Cans. darCenen<br />
mxolod maradiulebi. aq problema<br />
ar gvaqvs, radgan is Sinaarsi,<br />
romelzec bavSvebs vzrdiT, verasodes<br />
SeuSlis xels maTSi<br />
maRali Rirebulebebis Camoyalibebas.<br />
erTi da imave televiziis,<br />
metyvelebis, skolis sivrceSi<br />
izrdebian znekeTilebic da<br />
gzaareulebic. ase rom, ZaRlis<br />
Tavi skolaSi ar aris.<br />
sofo gorgoZe: skolebSi SeiZleba<br />
imaves vaswavliT, rasac wlebis<br />
win, magram garemo Secvlilia.<br />
ojaxSi bavSvebi gacilebiT did<br />
dros atareben televizorTan<br />
da kompiuterTan. vin arian maTi<br />
telekumirebi? uamravi Sous monawile<br />
gmirebi, romlebic xSirad<br />
bilwsityvaoben, Tumca mayurebels<br />
axaliseben. isini maRali<br />
Rirebulebebis Camoyalibebas<br />
namdvilad ar uwyoben xels. roca<br />
televizorSi viRac xumrobs,<br />
Tundac Zalian arakoreqtulad,<br />
irgvliv ki yvela icinis, bavSvsac<br />
avtomaturad uyalibdeba<br />
ganwyoba, rom es cudi ar aris<br />
da TviTonac imeorebs imaves.<br />
sofo britanCuki: sazogadoebrivi<br />
mauwyeblis Seqmnis mizani<br />
swored is iyo, rom mayureblis<br />
<strong>ge</strong>movnebis daxvewisa da mozardebis<br />
aRzrdis sakiTxSi garkveuli<br />
wvlili Seetana. gadacemebs, romlebic<br />
maRal Rirebulebebs ar<br />
qada<strong>ge</strong>bs, reitingi aqvs da kargi<br />
Semosavalic moaqvs. amis gamo<br />
xSirad mqonia kamaTi damfuZneb-<br />
lebTan. mpasuxoben, rom maTi movaleoba<br />
finansebis mozidva da<br />
TanamSroblebTan nakisri finansuri<br />
valdebulebebis Sesrulebaa.<br />
pirveli nabiji gadadgmulia,<br />
sazogadoebrivi mauwyebeli arsebobs<br />
da albaT, droTa ganmavlobaSi<br />
kidev ufro daixveweba.<br />
amasTan dakavSirebiT, miviReT<br />
mauwyeblebis qcevis kodeqsi. is<br />
TviTregulirebis meqanizmia da<br />
savaldebulo dokuments ar<br />
warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns. arasrulwlovnebis<br />
mavne zegavlenisagan dacva am<br />
sofo gorgoZe<br />
kodeqsSi erT-erT Tavad Sevida.<br />
principebis da wesebis doneze<br />
gawerilia, ra unda gauSvas<br />
mauwyebelma eTerSi.<br />
mozardis RirebulebaTa<br />
sistemis CamoyalibebaSi<br />
rom skola did rols<br />
asrulebs, vfiqrob, amaze<br />
SevTanxmdiT. rogor unda<br />
Seasrulos man es funqcia?<br />
ra konkretuli gzebi<br />
SevTavazoT skolebs?<br />
gia murRulia: moswavleebi kacobriobis<br />
kulturis memkvidreebad<br />
unda aRvzardoT, radgan<br />
isini kacobriobis nawili arian.<br />
maT unda hqondeT Tavisi mimar-
Teba sazogadoebasTan, ojaxTan<br />
da sakuTar TavTan, samSoblos-<br />
Tan, saxelmwifosTan, rac samoqalaqo<br />
cnobierebas da kanonmorCilebas<br />
gulisxmobs. skolas<br />
gaazrebuli aqvs, ra unda gavake-<br />
ToT, rom es mimarTebebi sworad<br />
CamovayaliboT. didi sevdiT minda<br />
aRvniSno, rom am yvelafris realizebis<br />
kultura dabalia, ris<br />
gamoc es mizani jerjerobiT miuRwevelia.<br />
sxvaTaSoris, umaRlesi<br />
saswavleblebi saerTod ar<br />
fiqroben, rogor aswavlon momaval<br />
pedago<strong>ge</strong>bs aRmzrdelobiTi<br />
funqciis Sesruleba.<br />
aRiniSna, rom skolaSi Rirebulebebis<br />
Camoyalibebas<br />
mniSvnelovnad Seuwyobs<br />
xels literatura, xelovneba.<br />
ramdenad aris wigniereba<br />
gza am faseulobebis<br />
Camoyalibebisken?<br />
levan bregaZe: swavla da wigni<br />
yvela Rirebulebis safuZvelia.<br />
veraferi ise ver ayalibebs<br />
azrovnebasa da Rirebulebebs,<br />
rogorc teqstze muSaoba. amas<br />
is masala ganapirobebs, riTic<br />
literatura iqmneba _ sityvas<br />
aqvs es Zala.<br />
rac Seexeba Rirebulebebis skolebSi<br />
swavlebas, arcerTi didi<br />
nawarmoebi zneobis Sesaswavlad<br />
ar gamod<strong>ge</strong>ba, Tu mas Sesabamisi<br />
interpretacia ar mieca. literatura<br />
maswavleblebis mier sworad<br />
interpretirebuli unda iyos.<br />
fati firuaSvili: yvela adamiani,<br />
visac sityvis <strong>ge</strong>mos SegrZneba<br />
aqvs, ukve garkveuli Rirebulebebis<br />
matarebelia. vcdilob<br />
es bavSvebsac gavunawilo da Cemi<br />
misia am saxiT Sevasrulo.<br />
sofo gorgoZe: Cvenc gvaqvs iniciativa,<br />
romelsac Tanxa ar sWirdeba.<br />
es sapilote proeqtia _ student<br />
da ufrosklasel moxaliseebs<br />
viwvevT. isini dawyebiTi klasis<br />
moswavleebs gakveTilebis Semdeg<br />
moTxrobebs da zRaprebs waukiTxaven.<br />
sxvaTaSoris, msurvelebi<br />
pirvelive dReebSi gamoCndnen.<br />
levan gaxelaZe, naTia nacvliSvili<br />
sofo britanCuki<br />
N2, 2009 17<br />
qeTi msxilaZe: mozardebSi kiTxvisadmi<br />
interesi televiziamac<br />
SeiZleba gaaRvivos. `bi-bi-si~-s<br />
ramdenime wlis win hqonda gadacema,<br />
romelic sazogadoebaSi<br />
dafasebuli adamianebis gamokiTxvas<br />
gulisxmobda. saubrobdnen<br />
sayvarel nawarmoebebsa da<br />
avtorebze. saubrobdnen personaJebze,<br />
maT gancdebze, ra moswondaT,<br />
ratom da amis safuZvelze<br />
reitin<strong>ge</strong>bi d<strong>ge</strong>boda. mzaddeboda<br />
gadacemebi, dokumenturi<br />
filmebi... sazogadoebriv mauwyebelsac<br />
SeuZlia moamzados<br />
amgvari gadacemebi, magram amaze<br />
dakveTa unda arsebobdes. sazogadoebas<br />
ki dRes mxolod politikuri<br />
figurebis gadayenebis<br />
sakiTxi aRelvebs. sazogadoebriv<br />
mauwyebelSi isini unda muSaobdnen,<br />
visac es Rirebulebebi<br />
gaazrebuli aqvs.<br />
martivi gamosavali iqneba,<br />
Tu vityviT, rom skolas<br />
minimaluri roli eniWeba<br />
mozardis RirebulebaTa<br />
sistemis SeqmnaSi. marTalia,<br />
bevri gare faqtori arsebobs,<br />
magram skolac xom<br />
garemos mniSvnelovani nawilia.<br />
rogor fiqrobT, kidev<br />
risi SeTavazeba SeuZlia mas?
18<br />
levan bregaZe<br />
giorgi gaxelaZe: SeiZleba<br />
wavaxalisoT skolebi, raTa maT<br />
Riaobis kultura daamkvidron.<br />
skolas Tavad unda hqondes Rirebulebebis<br />
sistema Camoyalibebuli<br />
da SesTavazos mSobels, romelic<br />
gaiziarebs an ar gaiziarebs<br />
mas. am urTierTobis damkvidrebas<br />
didi Zalisxmeva ar sWirdeba. SesaZlebelia<br />
wavaxalisoT Semdegi<br />
samaswavleblo praqtika _ roca<br />
maswavlebeli andobs moswavles<br />
raime sakiTxze sakuTari emociebis<br />
da STabeWdilebebis struqturirebul<br />
aRweras. magaliTad,<br />
isini avseben dRiurebs, romelsac<br />
Semdeg erTmaneTs aCveneben.<br />
aseTi gzebiT da saSualebebiT<br />
yalibdeba RirebulebaTa sistema.<br />
garda amisa, unda gaqres mkafio<br />
zRvari saswavlo da aRmzrdelobiT<br />
process Soris. ritorikis<br />
donezec ki ar unda iyos gamijnuli<br />
saswavlo da aRmzrdelobiTi<br />
procesi.<br />
gia murRulia: skolam xSirad<br />
unda daafiqros bavSvebi Rirebulebebze,<br />
xSirad alaparakos<br />
da amsjelos am Temaze sxvadasxva<br />
formiT _ individualurad,<br />
prezentaciis an debatebis saxiT.<br />
kargia, Tu saubars cxovrebisul<br />
sibrtyezec gadaitanen. roca<br />
raRac Rirebulebebs vunergavT,<br />
xeli unda SevuwyoT, rom maT Tvi-<br />
Tonve gamoavlinon es Tvisebebi.<br />
Cvens ubanSi martoxela moxucebi<br />
aRvnusxeT, bavSvebma Seagroves<br />
sxvadasxva nivTebi da Tavadve<br />
miutanes maT. Zneli aRsaweria is<br />
aRfrTovaneba, rac bavSvebma<br />
ganicades am sikeTis CadeniT.<br />
sofo gorgoZe: saseqtembrod<br />
skolebs mivawvdiT Zalian saintereso<br />
dokuments. es aris saxelmZRvanelo,<br />
romelic aRwers yvela<br />
maswavleblisTvis aucilebel<br />
samoqalaqo ganaTlebis kompetenciebs.<br />
imedi maqvs, maT es masala<br />
garkveul daxmarebas gauwevs.<br />
naTia nacvliSvili: roca skolis<br />
mniSvnelobaze vsaubrobT, unda<br />
aRvniSnoT, rom aranakleb mniSvnelovania<br />
konkretuli maswavleblis<br />
sistemuri xedva. mgonia,<br />
rom yvela maswavlebels SeuZlia,<br />
ama Tu im Rirebulebis Camoyalibebis<br />
kuTxiT, raRac dadebiTi<br />
iniciativa moZebnos da wlis an<br />
trimestris samuSao <strong>ge</strong>gma konkretul<br />
Rirebulebasa Tu iniciativaze<br />
aagos. iyos Tundac isev<br />
jansaRi cxovrebis wesi an garemos<br />
dacvaze zrunva. yvela skolam<br />
rom yovel wels erTi Rirebulebis<br />
garSemo itrialos, erTi<br />
safexuriT mainc waviwevT<br />
win.
interviu<br />
skolidan saministrosken -<br />
reformis axali veqtori<br />
ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis ministri nika gvaramia<br />
maswavleblebTan Sexvedrebs ajamebs<br />
ukve ramdenime Tvea, maswavleblebs<br />
xvdebiT dedaqalaqsa<br />
da regionebSi. ra Sedegi<br />
gamoiRo am Sexvedrebma?<br />
ganaTlebis sistemaSi axali adamiani<br />
var da am sferos bevr problemas<br />
ar vicnobdi. garkveuli<br />
problemebis identificireba saministroSive<br />
SevZeli, Tumca, am<br />
TvalsazrisiT, pirvelwyaros maswavleblebi<br />
warmoad<strong>ge</strong>nen. ganaTlebis<br />
reformis pirveli nawili,<br />
romelic Zalian mniSvnelovani<br />
iyo, warmatebiT ganxorcielda,<br />
magram _ xarvezebiT. es procesi<br />
veqtorulad rom warmovidginoT,<br />
reforma mimarTuli iyo saministrodan<br />
skolisken. meore etapi,<br />
romliTac miRwevebi unda gavamyaroT<br />
da reforma win wavwioT,<br />
veqtorulad piriqiT gamoisaxeba,<br />
anu skolidan saministrosken.<br />
zustad am veqtoris gaaqtiurebas<br />
emsaxureba aseTi Sexvedrebi.<br />
Cveni mizania, skolebidan maqsimaluri<br />
informacia miviRoT da<br />
yvela resurscentri movicvaT.<br />
TiTo SexvedraSi 200-dan 500-mde<br />
maswavlebeli monawileobda. viyaviT<br />
regionebSic, Tumca yvelgan<br />
ara. es Sexvedrebi aucileblad<br />
gagrZeldeba.<br />
ra problemebi gamoikveTa<br />
Sexvedrebisas?<br />
problemebi gansxvavebulia,<br />
dawyebuli infrastruqturiT,<br />
erovnuli saswavlo <strong>ge</strong>gmis SinaarsiT<br />
da damTavrebuli maswavlebelTa<br />
sertificirebasTan<br />
dakavSirebuli sakiTxebiT. infrastruqturis<br />
problema, romelsac<br />
ZiriTadad direqtorebi<br />
aRniSnaven, skolebis remonts,<br />
gaTbobas, SemoRobvas da saskolo<br />
qonebis registrirebas exeba.<br />
problemaTa yvelaze mwvave segmenti<br />
ki socialuri xasiaTisaa.<br />
miuxedavad imisa, rom maswavlebelTa<br />
socialuri mdgomareoba<br />
mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda, is<br />
mainc Zalian Sorsaa sasurvelisgan.<br />
vcdilobT, pedago<strong>ge</strong>bis<br />
xelfasi nabij-nabij gavzardoT<br />
da 2012-2013 wlisTvis iseT niSnulamde<br />
aviyvanoT, romelic metnaklebad<br />
Seesabameba am profesiis<br />
mniSvnelobasa da sirTules.<br />
saxelmwifo Tu <strong>ge</strong>gmavs<br />
maswavleblebis anazRaurebis<br />
gazrdas axlo momavalSi?<br />
ganviTarebul qveynebSi ganaTlebis<br />
sferosTvis erTiani Sida<br />
produqtis 5%-ia gamoyofili.<br />
Cvenc saxelmwifoebriobis ganvi-<br />
Tarebis romeliRac etapze ganaTlebis<br />
sferosTvis erTiani Sida<br />
produqtidan optimalur procentze<br />
unda gavideT. maSin sru-<br />
manana xidaSeli<br />
N2, 2009 19<br />
,,mTavaria,<br />
adgilobrivma<br />
TviTmmarTvelobebma,<br />
Tundac<br />
regionulma<br />
mmarTvelobebma,<br />
gaacnobieron,<br />
rom skola ar aris<br />
mxolod centralurixelisuflebis<br />
problema.<br />
es Zalian<br />
mniSvnelovani<br />
adgilobrivi<br />
problemac<br />
aris.,<br />
,
20<br />
liad realuri iqneba aseTi xelfasebi.<br />
imedi maqvs, saqarTvelos<br />
ekonomika daubrundeba ganviTarebis<br />
im temps, romelic SarSan<br />
da SarSanwin iyo. rom ara ekonomikuri<br />
krizisi, saomari moqmedebebi<br />
da calkeuli politikuri<br />
procesebi, romlebic sakmaod<br />
mniSvnelovan zarals ayenebs<br />
ekonomikas, SesaZlebeli iqneboda<br />
xelfasebis gazrda ufro moklevadian<br />
perspeqtivaSi. axla es segmenti<br />
Cveni SesaZleblobebis<br />
kvaldakval unda ganvaviTaroT.<br />
maswavlebelTa kontin<strong>ge</strong>nti imdenad<br />
didia, rom 5-lariani matebac<br />
ki Zalian mniSvnelovan sabiujeto<br />
cvlilebas iwvevs. mesmis maswavlebelTa<br />
pretenziebi, magram xelfasebis<br />
erTianad gazrda saxelmwifos<br />
am etapze ar SeuZlia.<br />
maswavlebelTa sertificireba<br />
axseneT. cnobilia, rom<br />
savaldebulo sertificireba<br />
ramdenime wliT gadaido.<br />
rodis daiwyeba es procesi<br />
da ras akeTebs saministro,<br />
raTa maswavleblebs sertificirebisTvis<br />
momzadebis<br />
saSualeba hqondeT?<br />
Cemi azriT, sjobda, sertificireba,<br />
rac SeiZleba, swrafad<br />
momxdariyo. Tumca subieqturi<br />
faqtorebidan gamomdinare, axla<br />
amis moTxovna usamarTlo iqneboda.<br />
saxelmwifom maswavlebeli<br />
sertificirebisTvis erTxel<br />
mainc unda gadaamzados ufasod.<br />
Cven ar SegviZlia, maswavleblebi<br />
im unarebSi SevamowmoT, risi<br />
miRebis adekvaturi saSualebac<br />
maT ar hqoniaT. es profesia dinamiuri<br />
da ganviTarebadia. Cveni<br />
amocanaa, maswavlebelTa korpusi,<br />
codnis TvalsazrisiT, mudmivad<br />
ganaxlebadi iyos. amas ki saxelmwifos<br />
mxridan organizaciuli<br />
uzrunvelyofa sWirdeba. SeiZleba<br />
kerZo seqtormac uzrunvelyos<br />
es, magram am procesSi<br />
saxelmwifo mTavari koordinatori<br />
unda iyos. maswavleblebs,<br />
miuxedavad imisa, rom codnis<br />
gaRrmavebis survili aqvT, amis<br />
adekvaturi saSualeba ar gaaCniaT.<br />
aqedan gamomdinare, didi riskia,<br />
bevr maswavlebels Seeqmnas<br />
problemebi, rac maT deficits<br />
gamoiwvevs. ar unda dagvaviwydes,<br />
rom nebayoflobiTi sertificireba<br />
ar gauqmebula. 20<strong>10</strong> wels<br />
nebayoflobiTi sertificireba<br />
pirvelad moxdeba.<br />
ra upiratesoba eqnebaT sertificirebagavlilmaswavleblebs?<br />
aisaxeba es maT anaz-<br />
Raurebaze?<br />
_ jerjerobiT amaze pirdapiri<br />
pasuxis gacema ar SemiZlia, radgan<br />
es sabiujeto saxsrebs exeba<br />
da sxvadasxva doneebze SeTanxmeba<br />
sWirdeba. vmuSaobT imaze,<br />
,,vcdilobT,<br />
2012-2013 wlisTvis<br />
pedago<strong>ge</strong>bis xelfasi<br />
iseT niSnulamde<br />
aviyvanoT, romelic<br />
met-naklebad Seesabameba<br />
am profesiis<br />
mniSvnelobasa da<br />
sirTules.,<br />
,<br />
rom aseTi maswavlebeli raRac<br />
formiT mainc waxalisdes.<br />
maswavlebelTa kvalifikaciis<br />
sakiTxzec gkiTxavT. kanoni<br />
sabazo safexuris maswavleblebisgan<br />
magistris xarisxs<br />
iTxovs. am SemTxvevaSi,<br />
xom ar gaCndeba maswavlebel-<br />
Ta deficitis problema?<br />
magistris xarisxis moTxovna<br />
saerTaSoriso standartebs Seesabameba,<br />
magram Cveni realobidan<br />
gamomdinare, araTanazomadi<br />
moTxovnaa. es moTxovna maswavlebelTa<br />
korpusSi axali kadrebis<br />
Semodinebis simcires ganapirobebs.<br />
miTumetes, es profesia<br />
maincdamainc mimzidveli xelfasiT<br />
ar gamoirCeva.<br />
gamosavali ra aris?<br />
am moTxovnis, sakanonmdeblo<br />
TvalsazrisiT, moxsna da bakalavriatSi<br />
pedagogikis kursis integrireba<br />
garkveuli kreditebis<br />
odenobiT. aseve SesaZlebeli unda<br />
iyos bakalavriatis Semdgom etapze<br />
pedagogikaSi kreditebis dagroveba,<br />
raTa msurvels SeeZlos<br />
maswavleblad muSaoba magistraturis<br />
damTavrebis gareSec. wels<br />
pirvelad vafinansebT magistraturas<br />
da pedagogikis mimarTulebiTac<br />
vapirebT mniSvnelovani<br />
Tanxebis mimarTvas.<br />
adgilobriv TviTmmarTvelobas<br />
did pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobas<br />
akisrebT. rogor unda Caer-<br />
Tos municipaliteti skolis<br />
cxovrebis procesSi?<br />
municipalitetis valdebulebaa<br />
saTemo samuSaoebis gaweva, romlis<br />
ganuyofeli nawilia skola.<br />
sxvaTaSoris, zogierTi municipaliteti<br />
Tavisi iniciativiT
sakmaod mniSvnelovan saqmes ake-<br />
Tebs. mTavaria, adgilobrivma<br />
TviTmmarTvelobebma, Tundac<br />
regionulma mmarTvelobebma, gaacnobieron,<br />
rom skola ar aris<br />
mxolod centraluri xelisuflebis<br />
problema. is Zalian mniSvnelovani<br />
adgilobrivi problemac<br />
aris. saskolo proceseb-<br />
Si monawileoba maT araerTi<br />
mimarTulebiT SeuZliaT.<br />
skolebis sameurveo<br />
sabWoebSi resurscentris<br />
warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlis CarTvas<br />
apirebT. ratom miiReT es<br />
gadawyvetileba?<br />
miuxedavad imisa, rom sameurveo<br />
sabWoebi instituciurad kargi wamowyebaa,<br />
mowodebis simaRleze jer<br />
ver dgas. erTi iseTi adamianis damateba,<br />
romelsac sameurveo sab-<br />
Wos ufleba-movaleobebi kargad<br />
ecodineba, gaacocxlebs sabWos mu-<br />
Saobas, romelic ufro metad moaxerxebs<br />
skolaSi mimdinare procesebis<br />
gakontrolebasa da sakuTari<br />
uflebamosilebis ganxorcielebas.<br />
garda amisa, es iqneba adamiani, romelic<br />
resurscentramde adekvaturi<br />
informaciis mitanas SeZlebs.<br />
aseTi xalxisTvis trenin<strong>ge</strong>bis Catarebas<br />
vapirebT. momavalSi ki<br />
isini Tavad Cautareben trenings<br />
axladarCeul sameurveo sabWoebs.<br />
maT davuri<strong>ge</strong>bT saxelmZRvaneloebs,<br />
raTa meti informacia hqondeT<br />
sakuTar uflebamosilebebsa<br />
da valdebulebebze. Cveni iniciativa<br />
sameurveo sabWoebis, rogorc<br />
instituciis, gamyarebisken<br />
aris mimarTuli.<br />
sabunebismetyvelo sagnebSi<br />
trimestruli swavlebis gauqmeba<br />
ratom gaxda aucilebeli?<br />
amasTan dakavSirebiT maswavlebelTa<br />
mxridan safuZvliani SeniSvnebi<br />
gamoiTqva. proeqts garkve-<br />
uli pozitiuri mxareebi hqonda,<br />
magram mniSvnelovania, rogor<br />
iner<strong>ge</strong>ba esa Tu is idea. erovnuli<br />
saswavlo <strong>ge</strong>gmebis centrTan<br />
erTad SevcvaleT aRniSnuli mimarTeba,<br />
radgan vaRiareT, rom<br />
problemas qmnida. Sesabamisad,<br />
daaxloebiT orjer gaizrdeba<br />
sabunebismetyvelo sagnebis<br />
saaTobrivi bade.<br />
aRarc integrirebuli<br />
swavleba iqneba?<br />
am ideasac aqvs Tavisi pozitivi,<br />
Tumca vfiqrobT, rom am etapze<br />
integrirebuli swavleba _<br />
istoria, <strong>ge</strong>ografia, sazogadoebaTmcodneoba<br />
_ amoviRoT. es<br />
gadawyvetilebac maswavleblebis<br />
rCevis safuZvelze miviReT.<br />
Tqveni moswavleobis dros<br />
Tu gagCeniaT skolaSi<br />
raimes Secvlis survili?<br />
moswavle rom viyavi, mindoda<br />
xelovnebaTmcodneoba da kul-<br />
N2, 2009 21<br />
turis istoria meswavla. dRes<br />
es elementebi skolaSi aris. mifiqria<br />
imazec, rom ufros klasebSi<br />
msoflios istoria maRali<br />
datvirTviT eswavlebinaT. Cemi<br />
azriT, zogadi ganaTlebis mxriv,<br />
es erT-erTi sabaziso sagania. me<br />
sakmaod warmatebul da karg skolaSi<br />
vswavlobdi soxumSi. bolo<br />
erTi weli ki TbilisSi, 57-e skolaSi<br />
viswavle. sasiamovno mogonebebi<br />
maqvs _ devnili viyavi da<br />
sakmaod martivad movaxerxe integrireba<br />
axal klasSi. es ra<br />
Tqma unda, maTi damsaxureba iyo,<br />
vinc aq damxvda. kargi maswavleblebi<br />
myavda. bunebrivia, ufro<br />
xSirad soxumis me-11 saSualo<br />
skola maxsendeba, romelmac Zalian<br />
mniSvnelovani roli Seasrula<br />
Cems CamoyalibebaSi, rogorc<br />
codnis, aseve pirovnuli<br />
Tvisebebis TvalsazrisiT.
22 problema<br />
irma kaxuraSvili<br />
goris erT-erTi<br />
sajaro skolis<br />
meaTeklaselis,<br />
levan xeCikaSvilis<br />
gvami erTi Tvis<br />
win mtkvarSi ipoves.<br />
Tanaskolelebs<br />
Soris konfliqti<br />
mobiluri telefonis<br />
gamo moxda _<br />
levanma giorgi g.<br />
daniT daWra,<br />
radgan is kuTvnil<br />
telefons ar<br />
ubrunebda, Semdeg<br />
ki Tavi moikla.<br />
skolaSi am nivTis<br />
gamoyenebas<br />
Sinaganawesi<br />
aregulirebs,<br />
magram akrZalva<br />
xSirad ufro<br />
formaluria,<br />
vidre realuri.<br />
mobilomania<br />
skolaSi<br />
aranairi mobiluri gakveTilze!<br />
maswavleblebi skolaSi bavSvebisTvis mobiluri<br />
telefonebiT sar<strong>ge</strong>blobis uflebis SezRudvas iTxoven<br />
mSoblebi bavSvebisTvis mobilur<br />
telefons ZiriTadad ori mizniT<br />
iZenen _ rogorc Svilis gasakontrolebel<br />
saSualebas an<br />
rogorc Zvirfas saTamaSos.<br />
`maswavlebelTan~ saubrisas ramdenime<br />
umcrosklaselis mSobelma<br />
aRiara, rom es nivTi Svilis<br />
daJinebuli moTxovnis Sedegad<br />
SeiZina, raTa `bavSvs telefoniani<br />
Tanaklaselebis fonze<br />
Tavi daCagrulad ar egrZno~.<br />
rusudan murjikneli, Tbilisis<br />
me-11 sajaro skolis moswavlis mSobeli:<br />
`Cems orive qaliSvils mobilur<br />
telefons skolaSi imitom vatan,<br />
rom nebismier momentSi maTTan<br />
dakavSireba SevZlo. Tumca vici,<br />
rom mecadineobis dros bavSvebi<br />
xSirad `emesijebian~ megobrebs,<br />
Tavs irToben TamaSebiTa da<br />
foto-videos gadaRebiT. iZulebuli<br />
var, yovelTviurad balansi<br />
Sevuvso da bevr celqobaze<br />
Tvalic davxuWo~.<br />
maswavleblebi mobiluri telefonis,<br />
rogorc kontrolisa da<br />
komunikaciis saSualebis auci-<br />
leblobas ver xedaven, gansakuTrebiT<br />
dawyebiT klasebSi,<br />
sadac bavSvebi ZiriTadad mSoblebs<br />
mihyavT gakveTilebze, mecadineobis<br />
dasrulebis Semdeg<br />
ki saxlSi wasayvanad akiTxaven.<br />
`umcrosklasels mSoblebi<br />
utelefonodac akontroleben~,<br />
_ acxadeben isini. pedago<strong>ge</strong>bi<br />
bolo Taobis mobilurebiT<br />
`SeiaraRebul~ bavSvebSi ufro<br />
TviTdamkvidrebisa da socialuri<br />
moTxovnebis dakmayofilebis<br />
survils xedaven, vidre<br />
gardauval aucileblobas.<br />
`unda naxoT, rogor iwoneben<br />
Tavs bolo Taobis telefonebiT<br />
8-9 wlis moswavleebi! maTTvis is<br />
Cveulebrivi saTamaSoa. vfiqrob,<br />
am SemTxvevaSi, mSobels Tavad<br />
marTebs meti yuradReba. swored<br />
man unda gadawyvitos, ramdenad<br />
saWiroa bavSvisTvis am asakSi fufunebis<br />
nivTi~, _ ambobs manana nadiraZe,<br />
Tbilisis me-11 sajaro skolis<br />
dawyebiTi klasebis pedagogi.<br />
saqarTveloSi fiWuri kavSiriT<br />
800 aTasamde momxmarebeli sar
<strong>ge</strong>blobs, pirvelklaselebiT<br />
dawyebuli da xandazmulebiT<br />
damTavrebuli. fiWuri<br />
kavSirgabmulobis popularobis<br />
zrdas qarTveli fsiqolo<strong>ge</strong>bi<br />
imiT xsnian, rom ZviradRirebuli<br />
mobiluri telefoni<br />
adamianis, maT Soris bavSvebis,<br />
TviTSefasebas amaRlebs. mSoblebis<br />
nawili acxadebs, rom Svil-<br />
Tan mudmivi kontaqti sazogadoebrivi<br />
transportiT sar<strong>ge</strong>blobisas<br />
aucilebelia da bavSvebs,<br />
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, mSobel-<br />
Tan dakavSireba Seuferxeblad<br />
unda SeeZloT. meore mxriv, bolo<br />
Taobis telefonebi mozardebSi<br />
Surisa da Cxubis mizezic<br />
xSirad xdeba _ fsiqolo<strong>ge</strong>bi<br />
mSoblebs ZviradRirebuli modelebis<br />
SeZenisgan Tavis<br />
Sekavebas urCeven. aseTi<br />
nivTi samarTaldamrRvevTayuradRebas<br />
iqcevs,<br />
ris gamoc bavSvisusafrTxoebasac<br />
safrTxe<br />
eqmneba.<br />
sajaro skolebis<br />
warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebi<br />
amboben, rom mobiluritelefonis<br />
Tema skolasa<br />
da mSoblebs Soris<br />
ganxeTqilebis vaSlad<br />
iqca _ orive<br />
mxares sakuTari<br />
argumentebi aqvs.<br />
skola mSoblebs SvilebisTvis<br />
mobiluri<br />
telefonis SeZenas ver<br />
aukrZalavs, radgan<br />
kanoni momxmarebelTa<br />
asaks ar zRudavs. Tumca<br />
maswavleblebica da<br />
administraciis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebicaRiareben,<br />
rom am sakiTxs<br />
meti yuradReba unda daeTmos<br />
da mobiluri<br />
telefonebis gamoyeneba<br />
unda SeizRudos.<br />
pedago<strong>ge</strong>bis azriT, es<br />
nivTi saswavlo process<br />
seriozul zians<br />
ayenebs. skolebis did<br />
nawilSi misi gamoyeneba<br />
SinaganawesiT ikrZaleba,<br />
magram miuxedavad amisa,<br />
am wesis dacva dRemde ver<br />
xerxdeba, risi mizezic, erTi<br />
mxriv, skolebis inertuloba,<br />
meore mxriv ki, mSoblebis<br />
naklebi dainteresebaa.<br />
gia murRulia, Tbilisis 24-e<br />
sajaro skolis direqtori: `Cveni<br />
SinaganawesiT mobiluri te-<br />
N2, 2009 23
24<br />
lefoni skolaSi akrZalulia.<br />
maswavlebels ufleba aqvs,<br />
moswavles mobiluri CamoarTvas<br />
da mSobels daubrunos, an<br />
direqtoris kabinetSi Seinaxos<br />
semestris bolomde. Tumca, rogorc<br />
wesi, aRelvebuli mSoblebi<br />
acxadeben, rom es bavSvis uflebebis<br />
darRvevaa, telefoni piradi<br />
nivTia da misi CamorTmeva<br />
skolis administracias ar SeuZlia.<br />
mobiluri telefonebis<br />
Tema TvalsaCinod gamoxatavs damokidebulebas<br />
skolis mimarT,<br />
rogorc moswavleTa erTi nawilis,<br />
ise mSoblebis mxridan. gamodis,<br />
rom isini bolomde ver acnobiereben<br />
sawavlo dawesebulebis<br />
sazogadoebriv mniSvnelobis,<br />
ar cnoben imas, rom individis<br />
uflebebis miRma sxva Rirebulebebic<br />
arsebobs, romlebsac piradi<br />
interesebi ar unda daupirispirdes.<br />
arsebobs skolis kanoni<br />
da am kanons moswavle unda<br />
emorCilebodes~.<br />
maswavleblebi amboben, rom mobiluri<br />
bavSvs mudmivad ufantavs<br />
yuradRebas da musikis mosmenis,<br />
TamaSis da `mesijobis~ cdunebas<br />
uqmnis. es ki araerTi<br />
konfliqtis mizezi xdeba.<br />
skolaSi mobiluris akr-<br />
Zalvis momxreebi amboben,<br />
rom ufrosebSic<br />
ki ar arsebobs sajaro<br />
adgilas, Tundac<br />
kulturul RonisZiebebze<br />
telefonis<br />
gamorTvis kultura<br />
da mxolod skolis<br />
Sinaganawesi am problemas<br />
ver gadaWris.<br />
`cxadia, bevri ram mSobelzea<br />
damokidebuli. man kargad<br />
unda auxsnas Svils, Tu ratom<br />
yidulobs telefons. bavSvma ki<br />
mxolod aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi<br />
unda isar<strong>ge</strong>blos da ara<br />
roca garToba moesurveba. gakveTilze<br />
mobilurebis motana<br />
udisciplinobis gamovlenad<br />
migvaCnia,~ _ amboben erTxmad<br />
maswavleblebi.<br />
irma g., Tbilisis erT-erTi sajaro<br />
skolis me-8 klasis moswavle: `32 mos-<br />
wavlidan Cems klasSi mxolod<br />
oTxs ar aqvs mobiluri telefoni.<br />
Tu maswavlebeli naklebad<br />
mkacria, mis gakveTilze yvela<br />
TamaSobs an `mesijobs~. me mSoblebma<br />
dabadebis dReze maCuqes.<br />
Zalian mindoda, bolo Taobis<br />
mobiluri mqonoda, rom sxvebs<br />
ar daecinaT~.<br />
mraval qveynaSi skolaSi bavSvis<br />
mier mobiluri telefonis gamoyeneba<br />
kanoniT aris akrZaluli.<br />
pirveli evropuli qveyana, romelmac<br />
moswavleebs mobiluri<br />
telefonebiT sar<strong>ge</strong>bloba kanonmdeblobiT<br />
aukrZala, italia iyo.<br />
amis mizezi moswavleebis mier<br />
gadaRebuli da internetiT<br />
gavrcelebuli videoCanaweri<br />
gaxda, romelic maTi mxridan<br />
SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis<br />
mqone Tanaklaselis umowyalo<br />
Cagvras asaxavda. kanonmdeblobis<br />
darRvevis SemTxvevaSi, italiel<br />
moswavleebs telefonis konfiskacia<br />
an skolidan garicxva emuqrebaT.<br />
am qveynis gamocdileba<br />
SeerTebuli Statebis saxelmwifo<br />
skolebmac gaiziares _ skolaSi<br />
misuli amerikeli moswavle valdebulia,<br />
telefoni pirad karadaSi<br />
datovos. saswavlo dawesebulebebSi<br />
fiWuri kavSiriT sar<strong>ge</strong>bloba<br />
tajikeTis parlamentmac<br />
akrZala. mizezad mobiluri telefonebis<br />
zuzunis gamo CaSlili<br />
saswavlo procesi dasaxelda.<br />
sajaro skolebSi fiqroben, rom<br />
mkacri wesebi unda amoqmeddes,<br />
romlebic mozardTa mier mobiluri<br />
telefonebis gamoyenebas<br />
daaregulirebs. yvela maswavlebels<br />
unda hqondes ufleba, es<br />
nivTi gakveTilzeve CamoarTvas<br />
moswavles da igi mSobels daubrunos,<br />
an direqtoris kabinetSi<br />
Seinaxos. pedagogTa didi nawilis<br />
azriT, mobiluri telefonebiT<br />
sar<strong>ge</strong>bloba skolaSi<br />
maqsimalurad unda<br />
SeizRudos.
RKFCB<br />
N2, 2009 25<br />
praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
gakveTilis Tema:<br />
ekaterine gabaSvilis<br />
miznebi:<br />
`magdanas lurja~<br />
`qarTul enasa da literaturaSi ekaterine gabaSvilis `magdanas lurja~, me-4 klasSi<br />
iswavleba. nawarmoebis gacnoba da Seswavla saintereso rom gamexada, paralelurad<br />
moswavleebs vaCvene Tengiz abulaZis amave saxelwodebis filmi. Semajamebeli gakveTili<br />
sakmaod saintereso da mravalferovani gamovida~, _ gamocdilebas gviziarebs<br />
Tbilisis 144-e sajaro skolis dawyebiTi klasebis maswavlebeli marine gamcemliZe.<br />
gaimdidreben leqsikur marags,<br />
teqstSi mocemul sityvebsa da<br />
frazebs gamoiyeneben Txrobisa<br />
da diskusiis, faqtebisa da<br />
movlenebis aRweris dros;<br />
naxaven amave saxelwodebis qar-<br />
Tul mxatvrul films (winaswari<br />
gamokiTxviT dadginda, rom<br />
filmi nanaxi hqonda mxolod<br />
or moswavles) da gamoxataven<br />
sakuTar emociebsa da STabeWdilebebs,<br />
monawileobas miiReben<br />
gamarTul diskusiaSi da gamoxataven<br />
sakuTar damokidebulebas<br />
ama Tu im personaJTan<br />
dakavSirebiT;<br />
werisas mieCvevian azris sworad<br />
da lakonurad Camoyalibebas,<br />
gamoiyeneben sakuTari damokide-<br />
bulebis gamomxatvel Sefasebebs,<br />
gramatikuli TvalsazrisiT<br />
swor formebs da daicaven<br />
punqtuaciis ZiriTad wesebs.<br />
moswavleebs ganuviTardebaT<br />
informaciis Segrovebisa da daxarisxebis,<br />
sakuTari azris gamoTqmis<br />
da argumentaciis, monacemebis<br />
analizis safuZvelze<br />
logikuri daskvnebis gake-
26 RKFCB<br />
Tebisa da gadawyvetilebis mi-<br />
Rebis unarebi.<br />
roluri TamaSi xels Seuwyobs<br />
sakiTxis gaazrebis, Semoqmedebi-<br />
Ti azrovnebis da roluri qcevisa<br />
da sakomunikacio unar-Cvevebis<br />
ganviTarebas.<br />
aqtivobebi:<br />
saSinao davalebis Semowmeba _<br />
2 wT<br />
nawarmoebis <strong>ge</strong>gmis Sed<strong>ge</strong>na da<br />
kiTxva-pasuxiT ganvlili masalis<br />
gamokiTxva _ <strong>10</strong> wT.<br />
gakveTilis Txroba _ 3 wT.<br />
weriTi samuSao, `Cemi azriT~ _<br />
3 wT.<br />
mxatvruli filmis finalis Cveneba<br />
_ 4 wT.<br />
diskusia, `sasamarTlos sxdoma~<br />
_ 7 wT.<br />
venis diagrama _ filmisa da nawarmoebis<br />
Sedareba-analizi _<br />
8 wT.<br />
refleqsia _ 3 wT.<br />
saSinao davalebis micema _ 2<br />
wT.<br />
gakveTilisa da moswavleTa Sefaseba<br />
_ 3 wT.<br />
moswavleTa organizeba: individualuri,<br />
mTeli klasi<br />
dro: erTi gakveTili _ 45 wT<br />
saWiro resursebi: saxelmZRvanelo,<br />
kalami, feradi baraTebi,<br />
dafa, carci, televizori, videomagnitofoni,<br />
videomasala, stikerebi.<br />
gakveTilis <strong>ge</strong>gma<br />
gakveTilis Tanmimdevroba<br />
1. saSinao davalebis Semowmeba<br />
moswavleebs davalebuli hqondaT<br />
naxatebi `magdanas lurjas~<br />
bolo Tavis mixedviT. na-<br />
praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
muSevrebi Sefasda zepiri komentarebiT<br />
dasvenebaze Tematur<br />
gamofenas Seemata.<br />
2. ganvlili masalis gameoreba<br />
moswavleebs vTxove TanmimdevrobiT<br />
daesaTaurebinaT nawarmoebis<br />
calkeuli epizodebi,<br />
am epizodebis Sesabamisad ki<br />
kiTxva-pasuxiT gavimeoreT ganvlili<br />
masala.<br />
<strong>ge</strong>gma moswavlem dawera dafaze:<br />
magdanas daqvriveba<br />
_ rodis daqvrivda magdana?<br />
_ ramdeni Svili darCa mas?<br />
ojaxis gaWirveba<br />
_ ratom cxovrobdnen<br />
gaWirvebulad?<br />
_ ratom ver exmareboda<br />
sofeli gaWirvebul ojaxs?<br />
magdanas gadawyvetileba<br />
_ ra gamosavali naxa man?<br />
_ vin uvlida am dros ojaxs?<br />
magdanas imedi<br />
_ ra gaxda ojaxis imedi?<br />
_ vin ipova saxedari?<br />
_ rogor mouares mas?<br />
SemTxveva qalaqSi<br />
_ aRwereT dilis qalaqi.<br />
_ ra moxda qalaqSi?<br />
_ rogor dasrulda dava?<br />
damwuxrebuli ojaxi<br />
_ aRwereT magdanas<br />
da misi Svilebis gancdebi.<br />
3. gakveTilis Txroba _ 2 an 3<br />
moswavle gadmoscems bolo Tavis<br />
Sinaarss.<br />
4. weriTi samuSao _ moswavleebs<br />
davuri<strong>ge</strong> winaswar momzadebuli<br />
patara baraTebi, vTxove,<br />
sakuTari Tavi warmoedginaT<br />
magdanas an menaxSires damcvelad<br />
da daesabuTebinaT saku-<br />
Tari Tvalsazrisi. drois amowurvisTanave<br />
Sevkribe baraTebi.<br />
am baraTebiT me ukve winaswar<br />
gavarkvie, savaraudod, vin<br />
ras fiqrobda.<br />
me var ——————————————————_<br />
vTvli, rom saxedari ekuTvnis<br />
____________, radgan ______<br />
__________________________
5. filmis finali _ mxatvruli<br />
filmi wina dRes vnaxeT, Tumca<br />
ar davasruleT da SevCerdiT im<br />
kadrze, sadac mosamarTlem unda<br />
gamoitanos ganaCeni. gakve-<br />
Tilze gavagrZeleT filmi adgilidan,<br />
sadac irkveva, rom<br />
saxedars menaxSires ubruneben.<br />
moswavleebSi aman uaryofiTi<br />
reaqcia gamoiwvia, amitom, Cemi<br />
TxovniT, gadavinacvleT `sasamarTlo<br />
sxdomaze~, avirCieT<br />
mosamarTle, damcvelebi, gavixseneT<br />
diskusiis wesebi da<br />
warvmarTeT procesi. (am dros<br />
me ukve vicodi weris Sede<strong>ge</strong>bi,<br />
vin daicavda menaxSires (1) da<br />
magdanas (25). im SemTxvevaSi,<br />
Tu menaxSires ar gamouCndeboda<br />
damcveli, me SeviTavsebdi<br />
am funqcias).<br />
diskusiis mSvidad warmarTvisaTvis<br />
moswavleebs SevTavaze<br />
sadiskusio wesi _ anu laparakis<br />
ufleba eZleoda im moswavles,<br />
romelsac mikrofons gadascemdnen.<br />
diskusiis dros moswavleebi<br />
cdilobdnen, TavianTi mosaz-<br />
saSinao davaleba<br />
gakveTilis Txroba<br />
naxati<br />
ganvlili masalis codna<br />
aqtiuri monawileoba<br />
gakveTilze<br />
CarTuloba msjelobis dros<br />
logikuroba da argumentacia<br />
qceva gakveTilis msvlelobis<br />
dros<br />
reba argumentirebulad daesabuTebinaT<br />
da emsjelaT faqtebis<br />
mixedviT. me Tvalyurs vadevnebdi<br />
mis msvlelobas, raTa<br />
kamaTi sxva kuTxiT ar warmar-<br />
Tuliyo. saboloo sityva mosamarTles<br />
mivandeT, romelmac<br />
gadawyvetileba magdanas sasar<strong>ge</strong>blod<br />
gaakeTa (ra Tqma unda,<br />
aqac dasabuTebuli msjeloba<br />
movismineT), rasac moswavleTa<br />
dadebiTi emociebi mohyva.<br />
6. venis diagrama _ moswavleebma<br />
moaxdines nawarmoebisa da filmis<br />
Sedareba-analizi, CamoTvales<br />
msgavseba-gansxvaveba, daasaxeles<br />
mwerali, reJisori,<br />
scenaris avtori, kompozitori,<br />
mxatvari.<br />
7. aqtivobis dasrulebis Semdeg<br />
moswavleebs vTxove, ferad stikerebze<br />
daeweraT sakuTari saxeli<br />
da dafaze im mxares miekraT,<br />
romelsac aniWebdnen upiratesobas,<br />
anu Tu wigni moewonaT<br />
_ marcxena mxares rgolSi<br />
moeTavsebinaT, Tu filmi _ marjvena<br />
mxares. ramdenime moswavlem<br />
zepiradac gamoTqva saku-<br />
Tari azri.<br />
moswavlis Sefasebis furceli<br />
moswavlis gvari, saxeli ———————————————_______<br />
aqtivoba warmatebulad kargad damakmayofileblad<br />
SeniSvna<br />
N2, 2009 27<br />
amis Semdeg miveci davaleba: momdevno<br />
gakveTilisTvis moifiqron,<br />
ras aniWeben upiratesobas yoveldRiurad<br />
_ wignis kiTxvas Tu filmebis<br />
yurebas da ratom (am sakiTxze<br />
SeiZleba saklaso saaTis Catarebac).<br />
8. Sefaseba:<br />
gakveTilis bolos moswavleebma<br />
Seafases gakveTili da Tanaklaselebisa<br />
da sakuTari monawileoba<br />
sagakveTilo procesSi.<br />
Sefasebis am tipis efeqtiani<br />
gamoyenebis mizniT moswavleebs<br />
davusvi winaswar momzadebuli<br />
kiTxvebi:<br />
_ mo<strong>ge</strong>wonaT Tu ara gakveTili?<br />
_ ra iyo yvelaze saintereso?<br />
_ vis gamoarCevdiT aqtiurobiT<br />
Tanaklaselebidan?<br />
_ rogor Seafaseb Sens<br />
monawileobas gakveTilSi?<br />
_ ras moimoqmedeb imisaTvis,<br />
rom SemdgomSi SeZlo gakveTilSi<br />
ukeT monawileoba?<br />
garda zepiri komentarebisa, winaswar<br />
mqonda gamzadebuli Sefasebis<br />
furceli ramdenime moswavlisTvis,<br />
romlebic gakveTilis<br />
Semdeg Sevavse.
28 RKFCB<br />
gakveTilis saswavlo miznebi<br />
praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
gakveTilis Tema:<br />
veqtorebis praqtikuli gamoyeneba<br />
Cxorowyus raionis Cixis sajaro skola;<br />
gakveTilis <strong>ge</strong>gma mogvawoda saCxeris resurscentris direqtorma<br />
swavlebis safexuri da klasi _ saSualo safexuri XIb klasi<br />
integrirebuli sagnebi: maTematika _ nona abramiSvili; fizika _ zeinab iakobaSvili;<br />
saxviTi da gamoyenebiTi xelovneba _ gia WiRlaZe;<br />
informaciul sakomunikacio teqnologiebi (ist) _ aleqsandre doliZe<br />
1. veqtorebis Tvisebebisa da veqtorebze moqmedebaTa<br />
gamoyenebis unar-Cvevebis gamomuSaveba.<br />
2. veqtorebis gamoyenebiT daxril sibrtyeze sxeulis<br />
moZraobis Seswavla dakvirvebis, aRweris,<br />
monacemTa interpretaciis unar-Cvevebis ganvi-<br />
Tarebis mizniT.<br />
3. umartivesi <strong>ge</strong>ometriuli a<strong>ge</strong>bani sibrtyeSi da<br />
maTi gamoyeneba brtyeli figurebis xazvisas.<br />
4. informaciul-sakomunikacio teqnologiebis,<br />
ZiriTadi saswavlo disciplinebis erTmaneTTan<br />
efeqturi integracia miznad isaxavs moswavle-<br />
TaTvis im saSualebebis gacnobas, romlis saSualebiTac<br />
isini gamoavlenen da ganaxorcieleben<br />
sakuTar SesaZleblobebsa da interesebs.<br />
erovnuli saswavlo <strong>ge</strong>gmiT gansazRvruli<br />
misaRwevi Sedegi _ indikatorebi<br />
maTematika: XI b moswavle asrulebs operaciebs veqtorebze<br />
da iyenebs veqtorebs <strong>ge</strong>ometriuli da<br />
sabunebismetyvelo problemebis gadaWrisas.<br />
fizika: eqsperimentebis saSualebiT, veqtoruli sidideebis<br />
gamoyenebiT moswavle ikvlevs sxeulTa<br />
wonasworobis pirobebs daxril sibrtyeze, adarebs<br />
maT erTmaneTs da aanalizebs, akeTebs saku-<br />
Tari mosazrebebis prezentacias.<br />
saxviTi da gamoyenebiTi xelovneba: moswavle flobs<br />
grafikuli a<strong>ge</strong>bis <strong>ge</strong>ometriul safuZvlebs da<br />
naxazis Sesrulebis standartul pirobebs.<br />
informaciul-sakomunikacio saSualebebi: moswavle<br />
SearCevs da iyenebs ist-is saSualebebs saswav-<br />
lo disciplinebSi kvlevis, informaciis analizis,<br />
problemebis gadaWris mizniT.<br />
Tanmimdevroba _ (aqtivoba da dro)<br />
aqtivoba 1. _ kiTxva-pasuxi<br />
aqtivobis mizani: kiTxvis dasmis, kiTxvaze pasuxis<br />
gacemisa da dasabuTebis, daskvnis gamotanis unar-<br />
Cvevebis ganviTareba.<br />
aqtivobis aRwera: maswavlebeli svams kiTxvebs.<br />
5 wT.<br />
1. ra aris veqtori?.<br />
moswavle pasuxobs kiTxvas. am dros ekranze Cans<br />
veqtori, romelsac meore moswavle aCvenebs.<br />
2. Tu SegiZliaT daasaxeloT iseTi sidideebi,<br />
romelTac aqvT mxolod ricxviTi mniSvneloba?<br />
pasuxobs erT-erTi moswavle.<br />
3. ra ewodebaT aseT sidideebs?<br />
pasuxobs sxva moswavle.<br />
4. ra moqmedebebs vicnobT veqtorebze?<br />
moswavle pasuxobs. am dros ekranze gamodis<br />
naxazebi da Semdegi kiTxva ismis.<br />
5. veqtorebis Sekrebis romel wess vicnobT?
asaxeleben wesebs da erT-erT mosawvles eZleva<br />
davaleba veqtorebis Sekrebis grafikuli<br />
gamosaxulebis safuZvelze, Camoayalibos<br />
veqtorebis Sekrebis samkuTxedis wesi, agreTve<br />
aCvenos, romel suraTzea gamosaxuli<br />
veqtorebis sxvaoba da veqtorebis Sekrebis<br />
paralelogramis wesi.<br />
6. ras ewodeba veqtoris daSla sakoordinacio<br />
RerZebis mimarT?<br />
moswavle pasuxobs zepirad da Semdeg dafaze<br />
warmoadgins pasuxs.<br />
aqtivoba 2. _ saSinao davalebis prezentacia<br />
aqtivobis mizani: veqtorebze moqmedebebis analizis,<br />
pasuxis SerCevis, dasabuTebis, prezentaciis<br />
unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba.<br />
aqtivobis aRwera: 7 wT.<br />
saSinao davalebad micemul testebi da amocana mowmdeba<br />
wakiTxviT. pirveli testis wakiTxvis dros ekranze<br />
Cans testi Tavis savaraudo pasuxebiT.<br />
3)<br />
(-4;<strong>10</strong>)<br />
(-3;2)<br />
moswavle asaxelebs pasuxis nomers, maswavlebeli<br />
ekiTxeba moswavleebs: xom ar aqvT gansxvavebuli pasuxi?<br />
Semdeg ambobs: `aba, vnaxoT ekranze swori pasuxi<br />
da SevasworoT rveulebSi, Tu es saWiroa. aseve<br />
SevamowmoT danarCeni testebi~.<br />
aqtivoba 3. _ aqtiuri leqcia<br />
N2, 2009 29<br />
aqtivobis mizani: veqtoruli analizis Teoriis<br />
Seqmnisa da gamoyenebis mokle istoriuli eqskursi.<br />
aqtivobis aRwera: 3 wT.<br />
maswavlebeli mokled acnobs moswavleebs veqtoruli<br />
da skalaruli sidideebis Seqmnis istorias, aRniSnavs<br />
rom terminis `veqtori~ damkvidreba dakav-<br />
Sirebulia irlandieli mecnieris hamiltonis saxelTan.<br />
aseve acnobs moswavleebs, rom veqtoruli<br />
analizis Teoriis ganviTarebaSi wvlili miuZRvis<br />
qarTvel maTematikoss ilia vekuas.<br />
fizikis maswavlebeli asabuTebs, rom veqtoruli<br />
analizis ganviTareba meqanikisa da fizikis kanonebma<br />
ganapiroba da mas Tanamedrovre saxe misca amerikelma<br />
fizikosma jozai gibzma.<br />
aqtivoba 4. _ gonebrivi ieriSi<br />
aqtivobis mizani: dakvirvebis, aRweris, miRebuli<br />
codnis Sejamebis, klasifikaciis unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba.<br />
aqtivobis aRwera: 8 wT.<br />
ekranze warmod<strong>ge</strong>nilia fizikuri sidideebi, TiToeuli<br />
jgufisaTvis. maswavlebeli sTxovs maT daajgufon<br />
calke veqtoruli da calke skalaruli sidideebi.<br />
TvalsaCinoebisaTvis iyeneben ori Teoriuli<br />
amocanis gaanalizebas, romlis Sedegic iqneba sxeulis<br />
moZraobis daxasiaTeba veqtoruli da skalaruli<br />
fizikuri sidideebiT. amocanebi warmod<strong>ge</strong>nilia<br />
ekranze da pasuxs asabuTeben moswavleebi individualurad,<br />
zepiri prezentaciiT.<br />
amocanis pirobidan gamomdinare, moswavle iyenebs<br />
veqtorebis Sekrebis wess gavlili manZilis gamosaTvlelad<br />
da piTagoras Teoremas, gadaadgilebis<br />
sapovnelad. klasi warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns dasrulebuli amocanis<br />
pasuxebs.<br />
aqtivoba 5. _ damoukidebeli muSaoba<br />
aqtivobis mizani: SeZenili codnis konkretul sakiTxebTan<br />
dakavSirebis, kvlevis, analizisa da daskvnis<br />
gamotanis, drois limitis dacvis, prezentaciis<br />
unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba.<br />
aqtivobis aRwera: 9 wT.
30 RKFCB<br />
praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
TiToeul jgufs eZleva damoukidebeli samuSao. ekranze<br />
warmod<strong>ge</strong>nilia daxril sibrtyeze sxeulis<br />
moZraobis sxvadasxva SemTxvevebi sxeulze moqmedi<br />
ZalebiT. moswavleebma unda SeZlon warmoadginon<br />
TavianTi mosazreba da daskvnebi, ris Sedegad TiToeuli<br />
jgufis lideri akeTebs Catarebuli samuSaos<br />
prezentacias, adarebs sxeulze moqmedi Zalebis veqtorul<br />
mniSvnelobebs, gamoTqvams jgufis azrs maTi<br />
moqmedebis principis Sesaxeb, msjelobs maTi dadebiTi<br />
da uaryofiTi mxareebis Sesaxeb.<br />
aqtivoba 6. _ diskusia, varaudis gamoTqma<br />
aqtivobis mizani: moZiebuli informaciis warmod<strong>ge</strong>nis,<br />
sakuTari azris gamoTqmis da argumentaciis,<br />
sxvisi mosmenisa da azris gaTvaliswinebis, daskvnis<br />
gamotanis, prezentaciis unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba.<br />
aqtivobis aRwera: 8 wT.<br />
moswavleebi warmoad<strong>ge</strong>nen veqtorebis praqtikuli<br />
gamoyenebis magaliTebs TavianTi xedviT. (ist.-is<br />
saSualebiT).<br />
aqtivoba 7. _ `saxaliso wuTi~<br />
aqtivobis mizani: SeZenili codnis gamoyenebiT drois<br />
limitis zusti dacva.<br />
1 wT.<br />
aqtivoba 8. _ saSinao davaleba<br />
Sefaseba _ 2 wT.<br />
viyenebT Sefasebis tipebs: ganmsazRvreli, ganmavi-<br />
Tarebeli, individualuri.<br />
moswavleTa Sefaseba moxdeba gakveTilze CarTulobis<br />
xarisxiT: saSinao davalebis Sesrulebis<br />
xarisxi, gakveTilze aqtiuroba, SemoqmedebiToba,<br />
SeZenili unar-Cvevebis, azrovnebis, prezentaciis,<br />
TviTSefasebisa da TanaSefasebis aqtivobis mixedviT.<br />
maswavlebeli warud<strong>ge</strong>ns winaswar gamzadebuli<br />
Sefasebis rubrikas: TviTSefasebis kiTxvari jgufis<br />
TiTeuli wevrisaTvis<br />
1. ra gaakeTeT an TqviT iseTi, rac Tqven jgufs<br />
daexmareba samuSaos SesrulebaSi?<br />
2. ra iyo yvelaze mniSvnelovani erToblivi<br />
muSaobisas?<br />
3. ras gaakeTebdiT momavalSi, rom gundis gundis<br />
efeqturoba ufro amaRlebuliyo.<br />
gundis TviTSefasebis kiTxvari<br />
1. ra iyo erToblivi muSaobis nakli?<br />
2. ra iyo gundis yvelaze didi miRweva?<br />
saklaso menejmenti _ saganmanaTleblo resursebi:<br />
saxelmZRvanelo, samuSao rveuli, furclebi, avtokalami,<br />
carci, dafa, kompiuteri, proeqtori.
saswavlo miznebi: gaazrebuli<br />
kiTxvis, msjelobisa da mosmenis unaris<br />
ganviTareba.<br />
moswavleebi SeZleben teqstis gaazrebul<br />
kiTxvas, personaJis metyvelebaze<br />
dakvirvebas, misi sulieri mdgomareobis<br />
ga<strong>ge</strong>basa da sakuTari damokidebulebis<br />
gamoxatvas.<br />
saWiro resursebi: saxelmZRvanelo<br />
_ qarTuli ena da literatura V I I I<br />
klasi (l. TuSuri, m. inasariZe, n. Sara-<br />
SeniZe); l. bregaZe `qarTuli Jargonis<br />
leqsikoni~, 2005 w. rveulebi, markerebi,<br />
dafa.<br />
gakveTilis msvleloba:<br />
aqtivoba I. maswavlebeli moswavleebs<br />
sTxovs, gaixsenon jerom deivid<br />
selinjerze yvelaferi, rac ician da<br />
gaugiaT.<br />
moswavleebi SeZlebisdagvarad ixseneben.<br />
ZiriTadad ician, rom amerikeli<br />
mweralia, dawerili aqvs romani<br />
`TamaSi Wvavis yanaSi~, wers axalgazrdebze,<br />
romani qarTulad aris Targmnili<br />
da a.S.<br />
organizeba: muSaoba mTel klasTan.<br />
dro 5 wT.<br />
aqtivoba II. minileqcia. atarebs<br />
moswavle. mas winaswar davalebad<br />
hqonda micemuli informaciis moZieba<br />
(ZiriTadad biografiuli xasiaTis)<br />
internetSi. infomenejeris meSveobiT<br />
Semdegi saitebidan: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.D.Salin<strong>ge</strong>r,<br />
http://www.kirjasto.<br />
sci.fi/salin<strong>ge</strong>r.htm, http://www.salin<strong>ge</strong>r.su/<br />
moiZia informacia, gaecno mas da daamuSava.<br />
organizeba: individualuri. dro: 5 wT.<br />
Sefaseba. moswavle Sefasda zepiri<br />
gamosvlis Sefasebis kriteriumebiT,<br />
romlebic winaswar aris SemuSavebuli<br />
da klasis erT kedelze gamofenili.<br />
es kriteriumebia:<br />
saintereso dasawyisi da dasasruli;<br />
kargad organizebuli gamosvla;<br />
auditoriis gaTvaliswineba;<br />
auditoriasTan kontaqti;<br />
metyveleba (gamarTuli, mkafio)<br />
aqtivoba III. kiTxva-pasuxi. moswavleebi<br />
SekiTxvebs usvamen gamomsvlels,<br />
azusteben zogierT detals mwerlis<br />
biografiidan.<br />
organizeba. muSaoba mTel klasTan.<br />
dro 5 wT.<br />
aqtivoba IV. maswavlebeli moswavleebs<br />
acnobs gakveTilis Temas, miznebs<br />
da aZlevs davalebas: waikiTxon<br />
saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemuli romanis<br />
nawyveti Semdegi konkretuli miTiTebebis<br />
gaTvaliswinebiT:<br />
moniSnon adgilebi, romlebic personas<br />
_ jein <strong>ge</strong>lexers _ axasiaTebs<br />
da mis warmoCenas emsaxureba;<br />
daukvirdnen mTavari gmiris _ holden<br />
kolfildis _ metyvelebasa da<br />
gancdebs;<br />
rveulebSi amoweron maTTvis ucnobi<br />
Jargonebi da `qarTuli Jargonebis<br />
leqsikonis~ meSveobiT ganmarton.<br />
gansazRvron holdenis ganwyobileba,<br />
misi gancdebi jeinis mimarT<br />
da sakuTari damokidebuleba am personaJis<br />
mimarT.<br />
organizeba. individualuri, muSaoba<br />
wyvilebSi. dro 15 wT.<br />
aqtivoba V. saklaso davalebis prezentacia.<br />
ramdenime wyvili warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />
sakuTar mosazrebebs, Sexedulebebs.<br />
Sefaseba. prezentacia fasdeba winaswar<br />
SemuSavebuli kriteriumebis<br />
mixedviT. es kriteriumebia:<br />
teqstis adekvaturi ga<strong>ge</strong>ba;<br />
argumentireba;<br />
pasuxebis originaluroba;<br />
metyveleba;<br />
auditoriasTan kontaqti;<br />
kiTxvebze pasuxis gacema;<br />
drois limiti. dro <strong>10</strong> wT.<br />
N2, 2009 31<br />
gakveTilis Tema:<br />
`kldis piras Wvavis yanaSi~<br />
(nawyveti romanidan)<br />
gakveTilis <strong>ge</strong>gma qarTul enasa da literaturaSi, VIII klasi. gakveTilis xangZlivoba: 45 wT.<br />
gamocdilebas gviziarebs marine sexniaSvili, Telavis me-9 sajaro skolis qarTuli enisa da<br />
literaturis maswavlebeli<br />
saSinao davaleba:<br />
1. teqstis xelaxla gadaxedvis Semdeg<br />
personaJis daxasiaTebis sqemis<br />
mixedviT daweron mTavari gmiris<br />
daxasiaTeba.<br />
mizani<br />
fiqrobs<br />
personaJi<br />
grZnobs<br />
Sedegi<br />
akeTebs<br />
ambobs<br />
2. Seadginon mcire leqsikoni im sityvebisagan,<br />
romlebsac xSirad iyeneben<br />
maTi Tanatolebi.<br />
SeniSvna:<br />
1. moswavleebi periodul individualur<br />
davalebebs surviliT Tavad<br />
irCeven;<br />
2. Sefasebis rubrikebi winaswar aris<br />
SemuSavebuli da klasis erT kuTxeSi<br />
gamokruli;<br />
3. leqsikonebi: qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi,<br />
orTografiuli, sulxan _<br />
sabas `sityvis kona~, ucxo sityva-<br />
Ta, qarTuli Jargonebisa da a.S.<br />
klasSi Tarozea ganTavsebuli;<br />
4. personaJTa daxasiaTebisa da nawarmoebis<br />
analizis sqemebic Tarozea<br />
ganTavsebuli.
32 RKFCB<br />
praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
saxaliso davalebebi moswavleebisaTvis<br />
mogvawoda qarTuli enisa da literaturis maswavlebelma, marine uklebam (quTaisi)<br />
galaktionvordi<br />
Tarazulad1. avtori leqsisa `Warxali~. 6. SeSlili kompozitori, romelsac galaktioni xSirad edareboda. 9. vin ambobs,<br />
rom `qveyanaze vinc ki kvdeba, im wuTSive misi Crdili yvela Cvengans aviwydeba?~ 11. `atmis... daRalulo...~ 12. vinme mogzauri<br />
meleqse. 14. sarkmlis win mocekvave yvavili. 16. sofeli, sadac daibada galaktioni. 18. rogori iyo ca? (me da Rame) 19. romeli<br />
qarTveli poetiT iwyeba qarTuli poeziis Svideuli? 21. RamenaTevi da namTvralevi galaktionis sulis Sesaferi. 23. vin aris<br />
is, visi mkvlelobiTac damTavrda `epoqa didi~? 24. ras Slida Tmagawewili qari? 28. da... ocnebis lurji ialqnebi. 29. romeli<br />
epiTetiT moixseniebs galaktioni cxenebs? 30. rogori ferisaa yinvis Tasebi? 32. simfonia, romelSic galaktionma qarTuli<br />
motivi aRmoaCina. 33. ras evedreba locvad muxlmoyrili poeti? 34. ris gareSe ar arsebobs TviT ukvdavebac?<br />
Sveulad 2. poeti, romlis sapativcemulodac atarebda galaktioni wvers. 3. romeli xis rtoa qariSxalSi daRaluli? 4.<br />
galaktionis biZaSvili, cnobili poeti. 5. galaktionis sayvareli Tovlis feri. 6. vin ambobs: `Trobis saaTia, Rvinis saaTia?~<br />
7. baRSi SeSliliviT momakvdavi Tve. 8. mkvidrad na<strong>ge</strong>bi taZari. <strong>10</strong>. SoTa, ilia, ..., vaJa da galaktioni. 12. romel leqsSi atirda<br />
poeti, `viT mefe liri?~ 13. sad moxvda vardi, romelsac galaktionma Tavisi cxovreba Seadara? 15. `mdumarebis gareSe da ...<br />
TareSSi. 17. romeli adgilia jer ar Sobili mTvaris mSobeli?~ 20. mkerdze daudevrad midebuli sakravi. 22. xevis beThoveni<br />
24. verxvis rogor foTlebs aSrialebda qari? 25. SoTa, ilia, akaki,... da galaktioni. 26. rogor balaxze unda gaiaro, rom mamulis<br />
siyvaruli igrZno? 27. bnel xveulebSi mZinare gamoucnobebi. 31. romeli Tvis mzis win loculobda galaktioni?<br />
galaktionvordi Tarazulad: 1. galaktioni 6. beThoveni 9. mesaflave 11. rtoo 12.<br />
mesxi 14. iasamani 16. WyviSi 18. mtredisferi 19. SoTa 21. sioni 23. ilia 24. bairaRebs 28<br />
gaSala 29 lurja 30. ivlisisferi 32. mecxre 33. graals 34. siyvarulis Sveulad: 2. akaki<br />
3. atmis 4. ticiani 5. iisferi 6. bodleri 7. Tebervali 8. nikorwminda <strong>10</strong>. akaki 12. meri 13.<br />
silaSi 15. sicivis, 17. mTawminda 20. qnari 22. yazbegi 24. bnelxmians 25. vaJa 26. cvrian 27.<br />
qimerebi 31. TibaTvis.
fotoreportaJi<br />
sami welia, 166-e sajaro skolaSi Tanamedrove teqnologiebs<br />
aqtiurad iyeneben. internetis daxmarebiT moswavleebi<br />
kvlevebs atareben da aqtiurad ekontaqtebian ucxoel<br />
Tanatolebs. kompiuteri, proeqtori, Power-Point-Si damuSavebuli<br />
prezentaciebi pedago<strong>ge</strong>bisTvisac yoveldRiuri sagakveTilo<br />
procesis nawilia. aq moswavleebs da maswavleblebs oTxi<br />
kompiuteruli laboratoria da asamde kompiuteri emsaxureba.<br />
`skolaSi Tanamedrove teqnologiebis<br />
gamoyeneba mniSvnelovania,<br />
radgan bavSvis motivacia, aseT<br />
SemTxvevaSi, ufro maRalia, vidre<br />
mxolod carcisa da dafis gamoyenebisas~,<br />
_ ambobs 166-e sajaro<br />
skolis direqtori irma omanaZe.<br />
am skolaSi britaneTis sabWos daxmarebiT<br />
ganxorcielda proeqti<br />
saxelwodebiT: `kulturuli<br />
gansxvavebebi~. agreTve erT-erT<br />
britanul skolasTan partniorobiT<br />
momzadda <strong>ge</strong>gma orive skolis<br />
maswavleblebisaTvis. `proeqti<br />
moswavleebis daxmarebiT ganvaxorcieleT<br />
da SevqmeniT blogi, romelzec<br />
Cvens mier Sesrulebuli<br />
namuSevrebi ganvaTavseT. bavSvebma<br />
blo<strong>ge</strong>bis momzadeba da inter-<br />
<strong>ge</strong>la bedianaSvili<br />
irakli kopaleiSvili<br />
N2, 2009 33<br />
informaciul-sakomunikacio teqnologiebi<br />
saswavlo procesis nawilia
34<br />
net-sivrceSi informaciis ganTavseba<br />
iswavles. axla moswavleebi<br />
Tavis namuSevrebsa da masalas internetSi<br />
tvirTaven, me ki vamowmeb~,<br />
_ mogviTxrobs 166-e skolis<br />
maswavlebeli anano baRdavaZe.<br />
me-7 klasis moswavle mariam<br />
comaia ambobs, rom kompiuterul<br />
teqnologiebs, pirvel rigSi, in-<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri<br />
maswavlebelTa informaciul-sakomunikacio<br />
teqnologiebSi (ist) trenin<strong>ge</strong>bis programas axorcielebs.<br />
programis farglebSi pedago<strong>ge</strong>bi aimaRleben kvalifikacias<br />
aRniSnuli teqnologiebis saswavlo procesSi gamoyenebis<br />
kuTxiT da monawileobas miiReben qarTuli<br />
saganmanaTleblo eleqtronuli resursebis gamdidrebaSi.<br />
maswavlebelTa trenin<strong>ge</strong>bis<br />
programa _ kompiuterTan<br />
muSaobis sabazo kursi _ sami<br />
wlis win daiwyo fond `irmis<br />
naxtomis~ mxardaWeriT.<br />
maswavlebleTa profesiuli<br />
trening-kursi maswavleblebs daexmareba, ufro mravalferovani<br />
da efeqturi gaxadon saswavlo procesi informaciulsakomunikacio<br />
teqnologiebis gamoyenebiT; xels Seuwyobs<br />
maT, teqnologiebis mimarT moswavleTa interesi<br />
saganmanaTleblo mniSvnelobiT gamoiyenon, gazardon<br />
mozardebis motivacia da daintereseba. grZelvadian perspeqtivaSi,<br />
programa Tanamedrove, globaluri samuSao bazris<br />
moTxovnebis Sesabamisi momavali Taobis aRzrdas<br />
,,<br />
emsaxureba~.<br />
eka jelaZe<br />
proeqtis koordinatori<br />
formaciis mosaZieblad iyeneben.<br />
is proeqtSi monawileobasac ixsenebs:<br />
`blo<strong>ge</strong>bis Seqmnaze mTeli<br />
klasi vmuSaobdiT. moviZieT informacia<br />
qarTul kulturaze:<br />
kulinariaze, qudebze... CavwereT<br />
da internetSi ganvaTavseT interviuebi.<br />
gvindoda, sxva qveynebis<br />
moswavleebs Cveni kulturis<br />
Sesaxeb gaegoT~.<br />
ganviTarebis centri, sabazo<br />
kursTan erTad, meore donis<br />
trenin<strong>ge</strong>bsac iwyebs. pedago<strong>ge</strong>bi<br />
kompiuteruli teqnologiebis<br />
gamoyenebas srulfasovnad iswavlian.<br />
meore donis trening-kursis<br />
ganxorcieleba seqtembridan<br />
daiwyeba da masSi im skolebis<br />
maswavleblebi miiReben monawileobas,<br />
romlebic internet-kavSiriT<br />
arian uzrunvelyofili.
avtorTa vrceli siis gacnobam,<br />
SesaZloa, maswavleblebSi dabneuloba<br />
da SiSic ki gamoiwvios. bunebrivia,<br />
rom maT aqvT survili, ufro amomwuravi<br />
informacia hqondeT imis Sesaxeb,<br />
Tu romeli avtorebis da nawarmoebebis<br />
codnas mosTxoven maT sasertifikacio<br />
gamocdaze da ra formiT. sasertifikacio<br />
gamocdis Cabarebisas maswavlebels<br />
ar moeTxoveba CamonaTvalSi<br />
warmod<strong>ge</strong>nili yvela avtoris mTliani<br />
Semoqmedebis (magaliTad, aleqsandre<br />
yazbegis, konstantine gansaxurdias,<br />
galaktion tabiZis, akaki baqraZisa da<br />
sxvaTa mravaltomeulebis, an kidev<br />
Tanamedrove qarTvel mweralTa nawarmoebebis)<br />
wakiTxva da, miTumetes,<br />
zedmiwevniT codna. uTuod SeamCnevdiT,<br />
rom maswavleblis profesiuli stan-<br />
pasuxebi<br />
Tqven mier<br />
dasmul SekiTxvebze<br />
qarTuli enisa da literaturis sabazo da saSualo<br />
safexuris maswavlebelTa profesiul standartSi,<br />
`profesiuli codnis~ nawilSi warmod<strong>ge</strong>nilia qarTvel<br />
mweralTa sakmaod vrceli CamonaTvali. gTxovT, ufro<br />
konkretulad gangvimartoT, ra doneze da rogori<br />
formiT moeTxovebaT maswavleblebs am avtorTa<br />
Semoqmedebis codna sasertifikacio gamocdisaTvis?<br />
darti imave principiTaa a<strong>ge</strong>buli, rogoriTac<br />
moswavlis standarti, garda<br />
meTodikis nawilisa. es imas niSnavs,<br />
rom maswavlebels unda hqondes saTanado<br />
kompetencia, anu unar-Cvevebi da<br />
codna imisaTvis, rom uzrunvelyos<br />
moswavleTa im Sede<strong>ge</strong>bis miRweva,<br />
romelTac erovnuli saswavlo <strong>ge</strong>gma<br />
iTvaliswinebs. avtorTa es CamonaTvali<br />
srulad emTxveva moswavlis standartSi<br />
warmod<strong>ge</strong>nil rekomendebul mweralTa<br />
CamonaTvals. es ki imas niSnavs,<br />
rom am CamonaTvalSi Sesuli nebismieri<br />
avtoris nebismieri nawarmoebi, rogorc<br />
mxatvruli, ise aramxatvruli, SeiZleba<br />
iqnas Setanili sabazo da saSualo safexurisTvis<br />
gankuTvnil grifirebul<br />
saskolo saxelmZRvaneloebSi. Sesabamisad,<br />
saswavlo procesSi maswavlebels<br />
N2, 2009 35<br />
qarTuli enisa da literaturis pedago<strong>ge</strong>bma<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris<br />
inciativiT gamarTul Sexvedrebze, araerTi SekiTxva<br />
dasves profesiul standartTan, sasertifikacio<br />
gamocdasa da damxmare literaturasTan dakavSirebiT.<br />
yvelaze xSirad dasmul da saintereso SekiTxvebs Cveni<br />
centris, gamocdebis erovnuli centrisa da erovnuli<br />
saswavlo <strong>ge</strong>gmebisa da Sefasebis centris eqspertebi<br />
pasuxoben. gaqvT SekiTxva? _ mogvwereT: info@tpdc.<strong>ge</strong><br />
mayvala goguaZe<br />
baTumis #16 saSualo skolis qarTuli enisa<br />
da literaturis maswavlebeli<br />
mouwevs jer Tavad waikiTxos, gaiazros<br />
da daamuSavos sxvadasxva saxisa da<br />
sirTulis teqstebi da mxolod amis<br />
Semdeg miawodos igi moswavleebs. cxadia,<br />
maswavlebeli mxolod im SemTxvevaSi<br />
gaarTmevs Tavs am amocanas, Tu mas<br />
eqneba nebismieri teqstis, Tundac mis-<br />
Tvis ucnobis, rogorc Sinaarsis, ise<br />
formisa da struqturis, enobrivi<br />
saSualebebis siRrmiseulad gaazrebisa<br />
da gaanalizebis unari. cxadia isic,<br />
rom qarTuli enisa da literaturis<br />
maswavlebelma maRal doneze unda<br />
icodes is gansakuTrebuli mxatvrulesTetikuri<br />
da ideuri Rirebulebis<br />
mqone nawarmobebi, romelTac umniSvnelovanesi<br />
adgili ukavia qarTul<br />
literaturaSi da romlebic tradiciulad<br />
iswavleboda kidec skolebSi.
36<br />
maswavleblis profesiul<br />
standartSi aris qveTavi<br />
`enisa da teqstis urTierTmimarTeba~.<br />
maswavleblebi<br />
am sakiTxze gansakuTrebiT<br />
ganvicdiT saTanado literaturis<br />
naklebobas. iqneb<br />
migviTiToT, romeli literaturiT<br />
visar<strong>ge</strong>bloT?<br />
manana maWavariani,<br />
zestafonis #2 saSualo skolis<br />
qarTuli enisa da literaturis<br />
maswavlebeli<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />
centris iniciativiT iqmneba damxmare<br />
saxelmZRvanelo qarTuli enisa<br />
da literaturis pedago<strong>ge</strong>bisaTvis,<br />
romelSic es qveTavi da masSi warmod<strong>ge</strong>nili<br />
sakiTxebi detalurad iqneba<br />
ganxiluli. saxelmZRvanelo miewodeba<br />
saqarTvelos yvela skolis biblioTekas<br />
ufasod da survilis SemTxvevaSi pedago<strong>ge</strong>bi<br />
damatebiT mis SeZensac SeZleben.<br />
maswavleblis profesiul<br />
standartSi, qarTul enasa<br />
da literaturaSi Sesulia<br />
qarTulis, rogorc meore<br />
enis swavlebis specifika.<br />
mogveTxoveba Tu ara gamocdaze<br />
am sakiTxis Cabareba?<br />
manana kapanaZe<br />
goris raionis sofel saqaSeTis<br />
skolis qarTuli enisa da<br />
literaturis maswavlebeli<br />
gardamaval etapze, anu 20<strong>10</strong>-2014 wlebis<br />
CaTvliT qarTuli enisa da literaturis<br />
pedago<strong>ge</strong>bs qarTulis, rogorc meore<br />
enis swavlebis specifikis Cabareba<br />
ar mouwevT.<br />
maswavleblis profesiuli<br />
standartis ZiriTadi nawili<br />
saerToa yvela sagnisa<br />
da sagnobrivi jgufisaTvis.<br />
ra saxiT Catardeba<br />
sasertifikacio gamocda<br />
maswavleblis profesiul<br />
unar-Cvevebsa da qarTul<br />
enasa da literaturaSi?<br />
nino beraZe<br />
Tbilisis #126 skolis qarTuli<br />
enisa da literaturis<br />
maswavlebeli<br />
maswavlebeli abarebs erT gamocdas profesiul<br />
unar-CvevebSi da meore gamocdas<br />
_ qarTul enasa da literaturaSi.<br />
maswavlebeli iTvleba sertificirebulad,<br />
Tu man orive gamocda warmatebiT<br />
Caabara.<br />
maswavlebelebi yvela Sexvedraze gvTxovdnen migvewodebina maTTvis<br />
im damxmare literaturis sia, romelic maT sasertifikacio gamocdis<br />
Cabarebisas gamoad<strong>ge</strong>baT. gamosacemad ukve mzadaa da male gamova<br />
gamocdebis erovnuli centris mier momzadebuli xuTtomeuli<br />
`maswavleblis biblioTeka~. gamocema maswavleblebs qarTul enasa<br />
da leteraturaSi sasertifikacio gamocdisaTvis momzadebisas<br />
mniSvnelovan daxmarebas gauwevs. xuTtomeuli qronologiuri principiT<br />
aris Sed<strong>ge</strong>nili da moicavs qarTveli avtorebis rogorc<br />
enaTmecnierul naSromebs, aseve werilebs, statiebsa da esseebs<br />
qarTuli literaturis Sesaxeb. garda amisa, gamocdisaTvis<br />
mosamzadeblad Semdegi damxmare literatura dagWirdebaT:<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis centris gamocema<br />
maswavleblis profesiuli standarti<br />
(ZiriTadi nawili da maswavleblis profesiuli<br />
standarti qarTul enasa da literaturaSi<br />
(sabazo-saSualo safexuri)<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis centris mier<br />
gamocemuli samtomeuli<br />
a) ganviTarebisa da swavlis Teoriebi<br />
b) saswavlo da profesiuli garemo<br />
g) swavleba da Sefaseba<br />
gamocdebis erovnuli<br />
centris mier gamocemuli<br />
sainformacio broSurebi<br />
a) rogor movemzadoT sasertifikacio<br />
gamocdisaTvis, qarTuli ena da literatura<br />
b) rogor movemzadoT sasertifikacio<br />
gamocdisaTvis, profesiuli unar-<br />
Cvevebi<br />
damatebiTi sarekomendacio<br />
literaturia qarTuli enisa<br />
da literaturis<br />
maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
1. avTandil arabuli, qarTuli metyvelebis<br />
kultura, Tb., 2004.<br />
2. Suqia afridoniZe, Cveni ena qarTuli,<br />
Tb., 2002.<br />
3. giorgi axvlediani, zogadi fonetikis<br />
safuZvlebi, Tb., 1999.<br />
4. elene babunaSvili, Tedo uTurgaiZe,<br />
anton pirvelis `qarTuli Rrammatika~<br />
da misi erovnul-istoriuli<br />
mniSvneloba, Tb., 1989.<br />
5. korneli danelia, zurab sarjvela-<br />
Ze, qarTuli paleografia, Tb., 1997.<br />
6. mariam TalakvaZe, qarTuli enis gramatikis<br />
swavlebis meTodika, Tb., 1959.<br />
7. Tanamedrove qarTuli saliteraturo<br />
enis normebi, I, Tb., 1989.<br />
8. varlam Tofuria, qarTuli ena da<br />
marTlweris zogierTi sakiTxi, Tb.,<br />
1965; Tb., 2005.<br />
9. leo kvaWaZe, Tanamedrove qarTuli<br />
enis sintaqsi, Tb., 1977.<br />
<strong>10</strong>. JuJuna feiqriSvili, qarTuli enis<br />
morfologia, quTaisi, 1992.<br />
11. JuJuna feiqriSvili, qarTuli enis<br />
sintaqsi, quTaisi, 1996.<br />
12. biZina foCxua, qarTuli enis leqsikologia,<br />
Tb., 1974.<br />
13. qarTuli sityvis kulturis sakiTxebi,<br />
VII, Tb., 1985.<br />
14. akaki SaniZe, qarTuli enis gramatikis<br />
safuZvlebi, Tb., 1980.<br />
15. akaki SaniZe, Zveli qarTuli enis<br />
gramatika, Tb., 1976.<br />
16. arnold Ciqobava, enaTmecnierebis<br />
Sesavali, Tb., 1952.<br />
17. arnold Ciqobava, qarTuli enis zogadi<br />
daxasiaTeba, qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi<br />
leqsikoni, I, Tb., 1950 (calke<br />
gamocema, Tb., 1998).<br />
18. SoTa ZiZiguri, qarTuli enis Tavgadasavali,<br />
Tb., 1969; an misive: saenaTmecniero<br />
saubrebi, Tb., 1975.<br />
19. zurab WumburiZe, qarTuli saliteraturo<br />
enisa da stilis sakiTxebi,<br />
Tb., 1956.<br />
20. besarion jorbenaZe, balavari mwerlobisa,<br />
Tb., 1987.<br />
leqsikonebi<br />
1. qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikoni,<br />
I-VI I I , Tb., 1950-1954.<br />
2. varlam Tofuria, ivane gigineiSvili,<br />
qarTuli enis orTografiuli<br />
leqsikoni, Tb., 1998.<br />
3. ilia abulaZe, Zveli qarTuli enis<br />
leqsikoni (masalebi), Tb., 1973.<br />
4. zurab sarjvelaZe, Zveli qarTuli<br />
enis leqsikoni (masalebi), Tb., 1995.<br />
5. sulxan-saba orbeliani, leqsikoni<br />
qarTuli, I, Tb., 1991; I I , Tb., 1993.<br />
6. Tamar berozaSvili, qarTuli enis<br />
ganmartebiTi leqsikoni, Tb., 2007.<br />
7. Jurnalistis stilistikuri cnobari,<br />
Tb., 2002.<br />
8. enciklopedia `qarTuli ena~, Tb.,<br />
2008.
gamocdileba<br />
institutis damTavrebis Semdeg<br />
skolaSi <strong>ge</strong>rmanul enasa da literaturas<br />
vaswavlidi da mec viyavi<br />
damri<strong>ge</strong>beli. mec gaviare gza<br />
damri<strong>ge</strong>blobidan momri<strong>ge</strong>blobamde.<br />
`vadvokatobdi~ Cems bavSvebs<br />
direqtorTan, sxva sagnis<br />
maswavleblebTan, erTmaneTTan,<br />
mSoblebTan da zogjer samarTaldamcavebTanac.<br />
`es luka bazaZea _ leqsebs wers,<br />
CvenTan sxva skolidan gadmovida.<br />
es avTandil adeiSvilia _ friadosani,<br />
es ki nino oqropiriZea<br />
_ mReris~, _ ase saubrobs TiToeul<br />
moswavleze Tbilisis 67-e<br />
sajaro skolis me-5 a klasis<br />
damri<strong>ge</strong>beli irma qenqaZe.<br />
skolisken mimavals uamravi kiTxva<br />
mimqonda Tanamedrove skolis<br />
damri<strong>ge</strong>belTan. mindoda mekiTxa:<br />
axsovda Tu ara Tavisi damri<strong>ge</strong>beli,<br />
ramdenad uZneldeboda am<br />
misiis Sesruleba, sad iwyeboda da<br />
rodis mTavrdeboda misi damri<strong>ge</strong>bloba,<br />
mihyveboda Tu ara saxlSi<br />
Tavisi sadamri<strong>ge</strong>blo klasis<br />
bavSvebze fiqri da rogor umklavdeboda<br />
saqmes, romelic ase<br />
rTulia da sapasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blo...<br />
damri<strong>ge</strong>beli<br />
Cems damri<strong>ge</strong>bels ira erqva, fizikas maswavlida. me ar<br />
miyvarda fizika, magram miyvarda ira damri<strong>ge</strong>beli, romelic<br />
miuxedavad imisa, rom pasuxi yovelTvis icoda, xSirad<br />
mekiTxeboda: `fizika Tu lirika?~<br />
man Cems sxva mraval kiTxvazec icoda pasuxi. maSin ase<br />
meCveneboda, dRes ki mjera, rom icoda.<br />
igi iyo momsmeni, momTmeni da momri<strong>ge</strong>beli Cvensa da<br />
direqcias, Cvensa da maswavleblebs, Cvensa da mSoblebs<br />
Soris. masTan vaRiare, rom saskolo dRiurs mSoblis<br />
nacvlad xels me vawerdi. roca ukan vixedebi da bavSvobas<br />
vibruneb, iq ira damri<strong>ge</strong>belicaa.<br />
`Znelia, iyo misabaZi adamiani~, _<br />
ambobs irma, magram cdilobs, gaxdes<br />
bavSvebisTvis samagaliTo da<br />
arcTu iSviaTad _ Tanatolic. misi<br />
azriT, mozardebaTan Ria da<br />
gaxsnili urTierTobebi, damri<strong>ge</strong>blisTvis<br />
da bavSvisTvis mniSvnelovanicaa<br />
da saWiroc.<br />
irmas damri<strong>ge</strong>blobis 12 wliani<br />
gamocdileba aqvs. man icis, rom<br />
unda daexmaros moswavles akademiuri<br />
Tu sxva problemis gadaWraSi,<br />
unda iyos Suamavali moswavles,<br />
mSoblebsa da maswavleblebs<br />
Soris problemebis warmoqmnis Sem-<br />
TxvevaSi; mSoblebs Svilis miRwevebs<br />
unda acnobdes droulad,<br />
individualuri Sexvedrebisas,<br />
radgan, erTi moswavlis yofaqcevisa<br />
da akademiuri moswrebis Sesaxeb<br />
meoris mSobelTan an misi<br />
TandaswrebiT saubari ar aris<br />
mizanSewonili. klasis saaTis garda,<br />
romelsac TveSi orjer mainc<br />
atareben, erTmaneTTan daaxloebasa<br />
da keTilganwyobis mopovebaSi<br />
Zalian exmarebaT eqskursiebi,<br />
laSqrobebi da sxvadasxva<br />
saskolo RonisZiebebi.<br />
nato ingoroyva<br />
N2, 2009 37<br />
,,Tu gvinda, kargi<br />
damri<strong>ge</strong>beli<br />
viyoT, saqmisa da<br />
bavSvebis<br />
siyvarulTan<br />
erTad arasodes<br />
unda davkargoT<br />
samarTlianobis<br />
grZnoba da ar<br />
unda gagviWirdes,<br />
gavxdeT maTi<br />
Tanatoli.<br />
vecadoT, bavSvebs<br />
erTmaneTi<br />
uyvardeT da<br />
sxva Rirsebebs,<br />
Sromis da urTierTpativiscemis<br />
Sedegad aucilebladCamovuyalibebT.<br />
,
38<br />
irma da misi klasi morigi laSqrobisTvis<br />
emzadeba. 67-e skola<br />
Tbilisis Zvel, istoriul uban-<br />
Sia. isini mogzaurobas swored<br />
am ubnidan daiwyeben, marSrutiT:<br />
metexis taZari-abanoebi-nariyala.<br />
aq gidobas maTive skolis ufrosklaselebi<br />
gauweven, romlebic<br />
fakultaturi wris xarjze<br />
cdiloben, kargad Seiswavlon<br />
kulturuli turizmi.<br />
`Tu gvinda, kargi damri<strong>ge</strong>beli<br />
viyoT, saqmisa da bavSvebis<br />
siyvarulTan erTad arasodes<br />
unda davkargoT samarTlianobis<br />
grZnoba da ar unda gagviWirdes,<br />
gavxdeT maTi Tanatoli. vecadoT,<br />
bavSvebs erTmaneTi uyvardeT da<br />
sxva Rirsebebs, Sromis da urTierTpativiscemis<br />
Sedegad aucileblad<br />
CamovuyalibebT. Cems<br />
klasSi sxvadasxva aRmsareblobis<br />
bavSvebi swavloben. es xels ar<br />
uSliT maT, kargi megobrebi iyvnen.<br />
isini erTad dadian kinosa<br />
da TeatrSi. erTmaneTs siyvaruliT<br />
da pativiscemiT epyrobian.<br />
CemTvis maTze zrunva dilidan iwyeba<br />
da gvian Ramemde grZeldeba.<br />
dRes ramdenimes koncerti aqvs da<br />
vfiqrob, ras izams, rogor Seasrulebs?<br />
zogs _ sportuli Sejibri<br />
da vdardob, ra SedegiT dam-<br />
Tavrdeba? zogsac rTuli socialuri<br />
garemo aqvs ojaxSi da...<br />
mokled, sazrunavs ra gamolevs~,<br />
_ gviambobs irma damri<strong>ge</strong>beli.<br />
Tu moswavle skolas acdens, damri<strong>ge</strong>beli<br />
valdebulia, yoveli<br />
aseTi SemTxvevisas gaarkvios gacdenis<br />
mizezi. is unda ekiTxebodes<br />
sagnebis maswavleblebs misi<br />
sadamri<strong>ge</strong>blo klasis moswavleebis<br />
akademiuri moswrebis, qceviTi<br />
problemebisa Tu zogadi<br />
warmatebebis Sesaxeb.<br />
damri<strong>ge</strong>beli moiazreba moswavlis<br />
mrCevlad, romelic xels uwyobs<br />
misi midrekilebebisa Tu interesebis<br />
ganviTarebas klubebisa da<br />
wreebis meSveobiT, exmareba mas<br />
momavali profesiis arCevaSi,<br />
konfliqtebis mSvidobianad<br />
mogvarebaSi da sxva.<br />
`rTulia, sakuTari Svilis sulieri<br />
samyaros daxvewa, misi Rirebulebebis<br />
Camoyalibeba, mSobelma<br />
sxva adamians miandos. amitom,<br />
mSobeli yovelTvis mRelvarebiT<br />
ekideba imas, Tu vin iqneba misi<br />
Svilis damri<strong>ge</strong>beli. mSobels<br />
surs, mis Svils damri<strong>ge</strong>blis<br />
saxiT ufrosi megobari hyavdes.<br />
bavSvebis ndobas ki mopoveba<br />
sWirdeba~, _ ambobs 5 a klasis<br />
moswavlis avTandil basilaSvilis<br />
deda, qalbatoni mzia.<br />
TiToeul damri<strong>ge</strong>bels Tavisi<br />
sadamri<strong>ge</strong>blo programa aqvs,<br />
romelic ganmartavs imas, Tu ra<br />
RonisZiebebs atarebs igi sadamri<strong>ge</strong>blo<br />
klasis moswavleebis<br />
dasaxmareblad (magaliTad, aqvs<br />
Tu ara gamoyofili dro moswavleebTan<br />
Sesaxvedrad, xvdeba Tu<br />
ara is mSoblebs regularulad,<br />
problemebze an miRwevebze sasaubrod,<br />
agrovebs Tu ara sagnis<br />
maswavleblebisgan informacias<br />
misi sadamri<strong>ge</strong>blo jgufis moswrebisa<br />
Tu qcevis Sesaxeb da sxv.).<br />
da mainc, `damri<strong>ge</strong>bloba pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>blobaa<br />
da mas, didi Zalisxmeva<br />
da Taviseburi alRoc sWirdeba.<br />
is mSobels anacvlebs skolaSi.<br />
me ki miadvilebs, davuaxlovde<br />
bavSvebs, ukeT gavecno maT<br />
socialur garemos, martivad gamovnaxo<br />
maTTan sasaubro ena. Ti-<br />
Toeul damri<strong>ge</strong>bels Tavisi xelwera<br />
aqvs. mTavaria, usmendnen<br />
mas da endobodnen~, _ ganacxada<br />
67-e skolis direqtorma giorgi<br />
anjafariZem.<br />
`vecdebi, misi amagi gadavixado~,<br />
_ RimiliT meubneba devi giorga-<br />
Ze. `samarTlianad gvebuteba~, _<br />
ambobs nino oqropiriZe. `minda,<br />
viyo misi msgavsi~,_ es avTandil<br />
adeiSvilis survilia. `advilad<br />
Semodis kontaqtSi da Cveni esmis~,<br />
_ gamimxila Tornike gumeriZem.<br />
`me masze moTxrobas davwer~, _ es<br />
ki luka bazaZis samomavlo Canafiqria.<br />
saklaso oTaxidan gamosuls<br />
mexuTeklaselTa survilebi<br />
mogyveba da gixaria: damri<strong>ge</strong>beli<br />
sWirdebaT da uyvarT.
problema<br />
maTematika _ 1kg, istoria _ 800 gr,<br />
ucxo ena _ 400 gr... kidev rveulebi,<br />
fanqrebi da saxazavebi _ meeqvseklaseli<br />
gogona, romelic 39<br />
kilograms iwonis, oTxkilogramiani<br />
CanTiT midis skolaSi. ambobs,<br />
rom xandaxan weli stkiva.<br />
`mZimea, masw!~ _ zaridan zaramde<br />
am frazis mosmena maswavleblebs<br />
xSirad uwevT. rogorc wesi, ase<br />
pasuxoben bavSvebi kiTxvebs:<br />
`dRes wigni ratom ar moitane?~,<br />
`rveuli ratom ar gaqvs?~...<br />
wignebi, romlebic bavSvebs skolaSi<br />
daaqvT, mZime, magram xarisxiani<br />
da saWiroa.<br />
ramdens iwonis<br />
xarisxiani ganaTleba?<br />
saxelmZRvanelo _ kargi da mZime Tu msubuqi da uxarisxo?<br />
axali saskolo saxelmZRvaneloebi, romlebsac bavSvebi<br />
yoveldRiurad atareben gakveTilebze, sakmaod mZimea. erTi<br />
mxriv, ilustrirebuli, xarisxiani saxelmZRvanelo kargi<br />
ganaTlebisTvis aucilebeli faqtoria. meore mxriv, mZime<br />
CanTa bavSvebis janmrTelobas safrTxes uqmnis. SeuZlia Tu<br />
ara skolas am problemis gadaWra? specialistebi amboben,<br />
rom gamosavali arsebobs, rac saswavlo procesis,<br />
gakveTilebis swor marTvasa da da<strong>ge</strong>gmvas gulisxmobs.<br />
elene g., Tbilisis me-11 sajaro<br />
skola, me-6 klasi (misi CanTa oTx<br />
kilograms iwonis): `wigni rom ar<br />
mivitano, gveCxubebian. SeiZleba<br />
niSanic dagvaklon. Zalian mZimea<br />
amdeni wigni. Tu fizkultura<br />
an xatva gvaqvs da wigni ar<br />
mimaqvs, maSin fizkulturis forma<br />
da saxatavi rveulebi unda<br />
waviRo da mainc igive gamodis~.<br />
specialistebi amboben, rom mxolod<br />
mZime CanTa bavSvis janmTelobas<br />
safrTxes ver Seuqmnis.<br />
Tumca Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom<br />
xSirad moswavleebi merxTan wel-<br />
Si moxrilebi sxedan da umeteso-<br />
Tea Tofuria<br />
N2, 2009 39
40<br />
ba sports ar misdevs, am yvelaferma<br />
SeiZleba mogvianebiT<br />
xerxemlis gamrudebis an sxva<br />
daavadebis saxiT iCinos Tavi.<br />
Tamar berulava, skola-liceum<br />
`aias~ direqtoris moadgile: `saxelmZ-<br />
Rvaneloebi marTlac mZimea da<br />
bavSvebic sul wuwuneben. bevrs<br />
wignebi daSlili aqvs da nawilnawil<br />
daaqvs. an or moswavles<br />
erTi wigni moaqvs da merxze erTad<br />
udevT. SedarebiT patarebs borblebiani<br />
CanTebic aqvT da moagoreben<br />
xolme. adre amxela wignebi<br />
ar iyo, Tumca axlandeli saxelmZRvaneloebi<br />
bevrad ukeTesia~.<br />
kargi da mZime Tu cudi da msubuqi?<br />
gamomcemelma bakur sulakaurma<br />
Tavis droze arCevani<br />
pirvelze SeaCera da axla saxelmZRvaneloebs<br />
swored am principiT<br />
beWdavs. misi azriT, meore<br />
varianti rom aerCia, wigns ganaTlebis<br />
saministro saxelmZRvanelos<br />
grifs ar mianiWebda. rogorc<br />
ambobs, saskolo wignebis<br />
wona mTeli msoflios problemaa.<br />
Zveli saxelmZRvaneloebi dabali<br />
xarisxis qaRaldze ibeWdeboda.<br />
amgvari furclebiT wignis akinZva<br />
dResac SeiZleba, magram masze feradi<br />
ilustraciebis datana SeuZlebelia.<br />
saxelmZRvanelos grifirebis<br />
erT-erTi kriteriumi ki ase-<br />
Tia: `saxelmZRvaneloSi informaciis<br />
miwodebis mravali saSualebaa<br />
gamoyenebuli (teqsti, ilustracia,<br />
sqema, cxrili, grafiki da<br />
sxv.) saxelmZRvanelos Sinaarsi (teqsti,<br />
ilustracia) Tanamedrovea<br />
da <strong>ge</strong>movnebiTaa SerCeuli~.<br />
bakur sulakauri, gamomcemeli:<br />
`Tu gazeTis qaRaldze wvrili<br />
SriftiT Sav-TeTrad dabeWdav,<br />
wigni marTlac msubuqi iqneba,<br />
magram gvinda aseTi wigni? ra<br />
gvirCevnia, uxarisxo ganaTleba<br />
Tu mZime CanTa? arsebobs gamosavali:<br />
magaliTad, merxze erTad<br />
msxdomi bavSvebi SeiZleba SeTanxmdnen<br />
da sami wigni erTma ataros,<br />
sami _ meorem. SesaZlebelia<br />
aseve saxelmZRvaneloebis nawilebad<br />
dabeWdva, Tumca es mSoblebs<br />
ufro Zviri daujdebaT. er-<br />
Txel davbeWdeT ase, magram yvelam<br />
mxolod pirveli nawili iyida,<br />
meore ki _ ara. visac saSualeba<br />
aqvs, SeuZlia, bavSvs ori wigni<br />
uyidos. erTiT saxlSi imecadinebda,<br />
meoreTi _ skolaSi~.<br />
erovnuli saswavlo <strong>ge</strong>gmebisa da<br />
Sefasebis centris warmomad<strong>ge</strong>neli<br />
dodo salayaia ambobs, rom<br />
arasrulwlovans sakuTari wonis<br />
15%-is simZimis tvirTis tareba<br />
SeuZlia. garda amisa, Zalian<br />
didi mniSvneloba aqvs imasac, Tu<br />
rogor marTavs maswavlebeli<br />
gakveTils. misi azriT, jgufuri<br />
muSaobis dros wigni yvelas ar<br />
sWirdeba. aris iseTi SemTxvevebic,<br />
roca pedago<strong>ge</strong>bi gakveTilze<br />
wignis uqonlobis gamo moswavleebs<br />
niSnis daklebiT emuqrebian.<br />
dodo salayaias TqmiT,<br />
amis gamo bavSvs niSani ar unda<br />
daakldes: `maswavleblebi xSirad<br />
ar iTvaliswineben erovnuli saswavlo<br />
<strong>ge</strong>gmis moTxovnas: sagnis<br />
niSani gamoxatavs moswavlis akademiur<br />
moswrebas. amitom arasa-<br />
Tanado saqcielisaTvis moswavle<br />
sagnis niSniT ar unda daisajos~.<br />
maswavleblebs wignebis wonasTan<br />
dakavSirebuli problemebis mogvareba<br />
ganaTlebis xarisxisTvis<br />
safrTxis Seqmnis gareSec SeuZliaT.<br />
specialistebi skolebs<br />
konkretul rekomendaciebs<br />
sTavazoben:<br />
klasSi da/an skolaSi wignebis<br />
fondis Seqmna, sadac<br />
garkveuli raodenobis<br />
saxelmZRvaneloebi iqneba<br />
Tavmoyrili _ fondis wignebiT<br />
moswavleebi gakveTilebze<br />
isar<strong>ge</strong>bleben;<br />
Tu skolas saSualeba aqvs,<br />
maswavlebels SeuZlia im masalis<br />
qseroasli gadaiRos,<br />
romelic uSualod gakveTilze<br />
sWirdebaT moswavleebs;<br />
maswavlebelma gverdigverd<br />
msxdom moswavleebs erTi<br />
wigniT sar<strong>ge</strong>blobis neba<br />
unda darTos;<br />
sasurvelia wyvilebsa da<br />
mcire jgufebSi muSaoba,<br />
romelic SeiZleba ise dai<strong>ge</strong>gmos,<br />
rom TiTo jgufis-<br />
Tvis erTi an ori wignis motana<br />
iyos sakmarisi. moswavleebi<br />
maswavlebelTa daxmarebiT<br />
Tanxmdebian, romelma<br />
romeli sagnis saxelmZRvanelo<br />
unda ataros;<br />
Tu saswavlo procesis<br />
da<strong>ge</strong>gmvisas maswavleblebi<br />
sistematurad iTanamSromleben,<br />
isini am problemis<br />
gadaWras SeZleben _ Tundac<br />
gakveTilebis dawyvilebiT,<br />
rac satarebeli saxelmZRvaneloebis<br />
ricxvs Seamcirebs.<br />
mSoblebma unda ecadon, bavSvs<br />
misi simaRlisa da wonis Sesaferisi,<br />
xarisxiani zurgCanTa<br />
SeurCion. CanTa maqsimalurad<br />
moxerxebuli unda iyos<br />
wignebis satareblad.<br />
mSoblebic da maswavleblebic<br />
unda ecadon, bavSvs merxTan<br />
gamarTulad jdomis<br />
Cveva ganuviTaron.
interviu<br />
Wola<br />
- reJisori da maswavlebeli<br />
`tansacmlisa da saWmlis garda, bavSvebs sulieri<br />
sakvebic sWirdebaT~ _ levan wulaZe<br />
Tamar kacitaZe<br />
N2, 2009 41<br />
`plexanovze, 24-e skolaSi vswavlobdi. friadosani ara,<br />
magram mTlianobaSi oTxnaxevriani Sefaseba mqonda. ,,mjera, rom<br />
miuxedavad imisa, rom cudi moswavle ar viyavi, aseTi<br />
maswavlebloba<br />
`sporti~ mqonda _ bevrs davdiodi `Sataloze~, martoc ki.<br />
dedamiwis zurgze<br />
sxva didi danaSaulebi ar mqonda. vswavlobdi gacilebiT<br />
yvelaze<br />
mets, vidre dRevandeli bavSvebi~. _ moswavleobis xanas<br />
keTilSobiluri<br />
kote marjaniSvilis saxelobis Teatris mTavari<br />
reJisori levan wulaZe (Wola) ixsenebs. dRes igi Tavadac<br />
maswavlebelia, am sityvis pirdapiri da gadataniTi<br />
mniSvnelobiT: Teatralur institutSi aswavlis da qmnis<br />
speqtaklebs _ Wola is reJisoria, romelmac axalgazrda<br />
mayurebeli TeatrSi daabruna.<br />
saqmianobaa.,<br />
,
42<br />
rogori iyo skola, maSin,<br />
roca Tqven swavlobdiT?<br />
dRes mgonia, rom meTodi, romli-<br />
Tac gvaswavlidnen, kargi iyo.<br />
Cvens dros gacilebiT rTuli<br />
iyo swavla. SeiZleba mSurs Cemi<br />
Svilis, imitom rom cotas swavlobs,<br />
me ki mis asakSi Zalian datvirTuli<br />
viyavi da Tavisufali<br />
dro, faqtobrivad, ar mqonda.<br />
meorea is uaryofiTi mxare, rac<br />
maSindel skolas hqonda. im periodSi<br />
skolaze imaze met cud raRaceebs<br />
vi<strong>ge</strong>bdiT, vidre saWiro iyo.<br />
imis gamo, rom umaRlesSi Cabarebisas<br />
yuradReba eqceoda atestats,<br />
moswavleebi damokidebuli<br />
viyaviT maswavleblebze, rom<br />
niSani ar gaefuWebinaT. iyo amaze<br />
nerviuloba, zedmeti Rimilebi<br />
da saCuqrebi. magaliTad, qrTamebi,<br />
romelsac pirdapir, Riad<br />
iRebdnen pedago<strong>ge</strong>bi. mSoblebi<br />
maSinac zedmetad zrunavdnen<br />
Svilebze da niSnebSi fuls ixdidnen.<br />
Cems mSoblebs am yvelafris<br />
Zalian rcxvenodaT, sul mixsnidnen,<br />
rom aseTi moswavleebi ucodinrebi<br />
rCebodnen. bebiaCems<br />
,,adamians, romelic<br />
skolas amTavrebs,<br />
aucileblad unda<br />
hqondes<br />
ganaTlebis<br />
safuZvlebi, rom<br />
ganaTlebul kacad<br />
CaTvalos Tavi da<br />
ara ubralod<br />
adamianad,<br />
romelmac skolaSi<br />
merxTan jdoma<br />
iswavla, asoebs<br />
arCevs da sakuTar<br />
jibeSi fulis<br />
SeuZlia.,<br />
daTvla<br />
,<br />
gimnazia hqonda damTavrebuli<br />
da qarTulis garda, sami ena<br />
icoda: laTinuri, franguli da<br />
rusuli. kargad icoda filosofia,<br />
maTematika. visac gimnazia<br />
hqonda damTavrebuli, ganaTlebul<br />
adamianad iTvleboda da ara<br />
ubralod wera-kiTxvis mcodned<br />
_ CemTvis idealuri skola aseTia.<br />
ramdenad gakmayofilebdaT<br />
maSin Tqveni maswavleblebis<br />
done?<br />
gaaCnia sagans. zogierTi maswavlebeli<br />
Zalian momwonda da<br />
miyvarda, zogi _ ara. inglisuris<br />
maswavlebeli lia burWulaZe<br />
araCveulebrivi qalbatoni iyo<br />
da miyvarda, ara mxolod rogorc<br />
maswavlebeli, aramed rogorc<br />
adamiani. es Zalian mniSvnelovania.<br />
kargi maswavleblebi myavdnen<br />
fizikaSi, qimiaSi, astronomiaSi<br />
da ase Semdeg. rusulis maswavlebeli<br />
ufro susti iyo, SeiZleba<br />
imitom, rom me TviTon bevrs vkiTxulobdi<br />
da miyvarda literatura.<br />
erTxel maxsovs, klasidanac<br />
ki gamagdo. Cvens dros literaturisadmi<br />
Zalian arasasiamovno<br />
ideologiuri midgoma iyo. gvaswavlidnen,<br />
TiTqos lev tolstoim<br />
`omi da mSvidoba~ imitom dawera,<br />
rom xazi gaesva samamulo omSi<br />
xalxis rolisaTvis. arada, am nawarmoebSi<br />
xalxis aranair rolze<br />
ar aris aqcenti. iq yvela oficeria,<br />
mxolod erTi fatalisti<br />
glexia, romelic swored imitom<br />
kvdeba, rom xels ar anZrevs _ es<br />
Cemi mosazreba vuTxari maswavlebels<br />
da meCxuba. mere pirdapir<br />
vuTxari, rogorc Cans, Tqven ar<br />
gaqvT wakiTxuli `omi da mSvidoba~-meTqi.<br />
albaT, marTali aRmov-<br />
Cndi da klasidan gamagdo. es iyo<br />
Cemi pirveli dapirispireba maswavlebelTan.<br />
,,bavSvisTvis<br />
TeatrSi wasvla<br />
gansakuTrebuli<br />
movlena,<br />
amaRlebuli<br />
gancda unda iyos<br />
da ara ubralod<br />
gakveTilebis<br />
gacdenis<br />
Tqveni Svilis magaliTze,<br />
rogor afasebT dRevandel<br />
skolas? isic <strong>ge</strong>TanxmebaT,<br />
rom swavla axla advilia?<br />
sixaruli.,<br />
,<br />
Cemma Svilma rom miTxras, swavla<br />
adviliao, albaT gavgiJdebi. igi<br />
meSvide klasSia da Cveulebrivad<br />
swavlobs, xan zarmacobs, xan ara.<br />
jer pataraa da misTvis ufro<br />
mniSvnelovania megobrebi, gogoebis<br />
ambebi. axla gadmoviyvane<br />
24-e, anu Cems skolaSi da Zalian<br />
momwons. sxva skolaze cuds arafers<br />
vityvi, Tumca amaze bevri<br />
kargis Tqma SemiZlia. magaliTad,<br />
bavSvma ori dRe gaacdina skola,<br />
maswavlebelma maSinve dagvireka<br />
da gvisayvedura, skolas nu acdeninebTo.<br />
mokled, mSoblebi<br />
gagvlanZRes. Zalian gamixarda.<br />
dedaTqveni skolaSi ar<br />
aswavlida, magram<br />
umaRles saswavlebelSi<br />
leqtori iyo. ras niSnavs,<br />
iyo pedagogis Svili?<br />
dedaCemi uxucesi pedagogia, igi<br />
80 wlamde ucxo enebis institut-<br />
Si kiTxulobda leqciebs. misTvis<br />
Zalian mniSvnelovania pedagogika<br />
da mec mjera, rom maswavlebloba<br />
dedamiwis zurgze yvelaze<br />
keTilSobiluri saqmianobaa.
dedaCemi dRemde nerviulobs, Tu<br />
institutSi leqciebs ar vkiTxulob.<br />
Teatralur institutSi ar<br />
xdeba ise, leqcia waikiTxo da<br />
waxvide. dRe da Rame sul studentebTan<br />
unda iyo. studentebis<br />
Ralati ar SeiZleba. axla vkiTxulob<br />
leqciebs, reJisorebTan<br />
gavbede. pirvel kursze kidev ara<br />
uSavs, Teoriuli saubrebi gvaqvs<br />
da Tan sul aq, marjaniSvilis<br />
TeatrSi arian repeticiebze.<br />
studentebi umaRlesSi<br />
metwilad skolis damTavrebisTanave<br />
xvdebian.<br />
Tqven maTTan uSualo Sexeba<br />
gaqvT. rogoria maTi<br />
ganaTlebis done, arian<br />
mzad damoukidebeli<br />
cxovrebisaTvis?<br />
SeiZleba Zalian Zvelmoduri gamovCnde,<br />
magram ar viqnebi pirveli,<br />
vinc amas ambobs _ ganaTlebis<br />
TvalsazrisiT aranairi Sedareba<br />
ar SeiZleba Cveni da axali Taobis.<br />
Zalian dabali donea. gansakuTrebiT<br />
im TaobebSi, romelTa bavSvobis<br />
zurgzec gadaiara omebma,<br />
areulobebma da qveynis politikurma<br />
kataklizmebma. am period-<br />
Si, faqtobrivad, yvelaferi moiSala.<br />
garda imisa, rom maT aSkarad<br />
naklebi codna da ganTleba aqvT,<br />
me vxedav da ufro metad ganvicdi<br />
imas, rac yvelaze saSiSia. maT<br />
ar sjeraT, rom ganaTleba saWiroa.<br />
yvelaze cudia, rodesac adamiani<br />
ar grZnobs codnis aucileblobas.<br />
reformirebuli skolis<br />
moswavleebze am etapze verafers<br />
vityvi, radgan es Taoba<br />
jer ar mosula instututSi, yovel<br />
SemTxvevaSi _ CemTan. isini jer<br />
kidev skolaSi swavloben. am Taobaze<br />
albaT sam-oTx weliwadSi<br />
SegveZleba laparaki. ganaTlebis<br />
reformas vuyureb mxolod Cemi<br />
Svilidan gamomdinare. mixaria,<br />
rom skolaSi igi saqarTvelos<br />
istorias swavlobs. Cvens dros es<br />
sagani kviraSi erTxel iswavleboda,<br />
damatebis saxiT da atestat-<br />
Sic ki ar iyo Setanili.<br />
Teatrs garkveuli saganmanaTleblo<br />
roli aqvs.<br />
komunistebis periodSi<br />
arsebobda mozardmayurebelTa<br />
Teatri, Tumca man<br />
mayurebeli ver SeinarCuna.<br />
Tqven saqarTveloSi<br />
axali tipis `sardafis<br />
Teatris~ Seqmna da am<br />
Taobis speqtaklebisken<br />
Semobruneba SeZeliT.<br />
`sardafSi~ ufro Tineijerobasa<br />
da mozrdilebs Soris Taoba<br />
dadioda _ daaxloebiT xuTi<br />
wlis win Cveni Teatris mayurebeli<br />
axalgazrdoba iyo. qveyanaSi<br />
momxdari kataklizmebis dros<br />
Teatrs aSkarad gauwyda kavSiri<br />
Tavis mayurebelTan. Cemi bavSvobis<br />
dros bevr ojaxSi tradicia<br />
iyo, rom TveSi samjer, oTxjer<br />
mainc unda wavsuliyaviT TeatrSi.<br />
Cemi mSoblebi, mezoblebi da<br />
saerTod, TiTqmis mTeli Tbilisi<br />
Tvlida, rom premieraze daswreba<br />
aucilebeli iyo. nebismieri fenis<br />
Tu socialuri mdgomareobis<br />
mSobeli Svils uSvebda TeatrSi<br />
da bavSvic sixaruliT midioda.<br />
maSin kargad esmodaT, rom bavSvebs<br />
marto saWmeli da tansacmeli<br />
ar sWirdebaT. maTTvis aucilebelia<br />
sulieri sakvebi. yvelam kargad<br />
icis da yvela qveyanaSi asea.<br />
TeatrSi aristokratia da elita<br />
mxolod premieraze dadis, es fena<br />
ar aris Teatris mayureblis bir-<br />
Tvi. Teatris marili aris Cveulebrivi<br />
ganaTlebuli xalxi, xolo<br />
elitaSi ganaTlebul adamians<br />
iSviaTad naxavT, ra Tqma unda, in-<br />
N2, 2009 43<br />
teleqtualur elitas ar vgulisxmob.<br />
dRevandeli Teatris<br />
saganmanaTleblo misia<br />
raSi mdgomareobs?<br />
dRevandel Teatrs igive misia<br />
aqvs, rac ilia WavWavaZis dros.<br />
qarTul TeatrSi araferi Secvlila,<br />
es aris adgili, sadac<br />
`qarTvel kacs qarTuli sityva<br />
qarTulad esmis”, _ rogorc ilia<br />
ambobda. Tumca axla mxolod<br />
enis SenarCunebaze aRar aris saubari.<br />
dRes sulierebis SenarCunebaze,<br />
<strong>ge</strong>movnebis, azrovnebis<br />
aucileblobaze vsaubrobT. am<br />
,,qarTul TeatrSi<br />
araferi<br />
Secvlila, es aris<br />
adgili, sadac<br />
`qarTvel kacs<br />
qarTuli sityva<br />
qarTulad esmis~,<br />
_ rogorc ilia<br />
ambobda.,<br />
,<br />
droSi mSoblebs urCevniaT, Svili<br />
kalaTburTze Seiyvanon, maRali<br />
gaizrdebao, an curvaze, mxrebi<br />
ganuviTardebao da am Sedegs<br />
isini, savaraudod, or TveSi xedaven.<br />
Teatridan bavSvi maSinve<br />
sulierad gazrdili da galamazebuli<br />
ar modis. aranakleb mniSvnelovania<br />
misi kulturuli aRzrda,<br />
rac iolad SesamCnevi ar<br />
aris. adamiani Tu wydeba qveynis<br />
sulier majiscemas, is wyvets kav-<br />
Sirs Tavis qveyanasTan da xdeba<br />
mxolod da mxolod amomrCeveli<br />
an momxmarebeli. anu misi funqciaa<br />
Seasrulos is, rasac karnaxobs<br />
teleeTeri an reklama. amis
44<br />
miRma rac aris adamianis funqcia<br />
samyaroSi, veRar acnobierebs. samwuxarod,<br />
dRes Teatric veRar<br />
bedavs imis Tqmas, rasac adre bedavda.<br />
Teatri axla ufro epran-<br />
Weba mayurebels, rom moizidos<br />
igi. ra qnas, es iseTi organizmia,<br />
romelic mayureblis gareSe ver<br />
iarsebebs.<br />
sabWoTa periodSi arsebobda<br />
skolis moswavleebis<br />
<strong>ge</strong>gmiuri svlebi TeatrSi.<br />
amas, rasakvirvelia,<br />
sxva mizani hqonda da ara<br />
axalgazrdebis sulieri<br />
aRzrda. rogor fiqrobT,<br />
dRes ra roli SeuZlia<br />
iTamaSos Teatrma bavSvebis<br />
aRzrdisa da ganaTlebis<br />
kuTxiT? skolisa da<br />
Teatraluri samyaros<br />
TanamSromlobas aqvs<br />
perspeqtiva?<br />
kuTxiT. momavalSi Tu<br />
gaqvT msgavsi proeqtebi<br />
<strong>ge</strong>gmaSi?<br />
amJamad giorgi mazniaSvilze<br />
vmuSaobT, rac swored ColoyaSvilis<br />
gzis gagrZelebaa. es Cem-<br />
Tvisac sainteresoa, radgan saqarTvelos<br />
istoria arc me vici<br />
kargad. samwuxarod, partistoria<br />
ukeTesad maswavles.<br />
ras urCevdiT maswavleblebs?<br />
Tqveni azriT, rogor<br />
unda miviRoT ukeTesi,<br />
ufro xarisxiani<br />
saskolo ganaTleba?<br />
me ganaTlebis specialisti ar var.<br />
erTaderTi rCevaa, iqneb ufro<br />
metad datvirTon moswavleebi,<br />
radgan bavSvobaSi Tu ara, mere<br />
aRarafers iswavlian. moswavleebs<br />
ki codnisadmi met siyvaruls<br />
Teatrisadmi <strong>ge</strong>gmiuri midgomaa<br />
is, rom abonementebi arsebobda.<br />
abonementis sistema aris<br />
gaWirvebis sistema, es ar aris,,yvelaze<br />
cudia<br />
is, rodesac<br />
kulturuli qveynis niSani.<br />
adamiani ar<br />
kargia, mozards Tundac am gziT<br />
rom miiyvan TeatrSi, magram es ar<br />
unda iyos iZuleba. sasurvelia,<br />
iniciativa pirdapir skolebidan<br />
grZnobs codnis<br />
wamovides. sxvaTaSoris, gvaqvs vurCev. mxolod am asakSi da mere<br />
praqtika, rodesac skola winas- ramdenime weli institutSi iZen<br />
war gviTanxmdeba da speqtaklze codnas da Semdeg xdebi adamiani.<br />
bavSvebi mohyavT. fasdaklebac ganaTlebuli adamiani yovelT-<br />
gvaqvs. aseTi SemTxveva gansakuTvis sjobs gaunaTlebels. es drom<br />
rebiT xSiria `qaquca ColoyaS- moitana, rom gaunaTlebeli, cudi<br />
vilze~. bavSvisTvis TeatrSi adamiani xandaxan xdeba warmate-<br />
wasvla gansakuTrebuli movlena, buli. magram rac drom moitana,<br />
amaRlebuli gancda unda iyos da drove waiRebs. cota Sors<br />
ara ubralod gakveTilebis gaixedeT _ `codna sikvdimde<br />
gacdenis sixaruli.<br />
Senia, mudam SenTana myofeli, mas<br />
<strong>ge</strong>cilebis veravin, ar aris gasa-<br />
speqtakli `qaquca Coloyofeli~. biWebma gansakuTrebuyaSvili~<br />
marTlac iyo movlad unda Seisminon, radgan<br />
lena saganmanaTleblo ucodinari mamakaci saSinelebaa.<br />
aucileblobas.,<br />
,<br />
CvenTan skolas `bavSvebi~ amTavreben.<br />
swored es gangvasxvavebs<br />
dasavluri skolisagan. ucxoeT-<br />
Si abiturienti ukve pirovnebaa,<br />
romelic Tavis momavalze fiqrobs<br />
da icis, ra unda. Cveni skoladamTavrebuli<br />
ki `jer bavSvia~<br />
da bavSvobaSic swored ucodinrobis<br />
gamo rCeba.
gakveTili<br />
TixaSi gacocxlebuli<br />
fantazia<br />
xelovnebis gakveTilis xelovneba _<br />
roca Semoqmedeba saswavlo procesis nawilia<br />
rogor vaswavloT xelovneba ise, rom gakveTili saintereso<br />
gaxdes, miRebuli codna ki praqtikulad gamoyenebadi iyos?<br />
baTumis #2 sajaro skolaSi am mimarTulebiT saintereso<br />
gamocdileba aqvT. skolis kursdamTavrebulebi atestatTan<br />
erTad saxelobo sertifikatsac iReben. aq gakveTili ara<br />
mxolod saswavlo, aramed SemoqmedebiTi procesia.<br />
skolis ezoSi patara saxelosnoa.<br />
mwvaned SeRebili karis miRma<br />
moswavleebi sakuTar fantazias<br />
TixaSi, xesa da qsovilSi acocxleben.<br />
baTumis #2 sajaro skolis<br />
maswavlebelma, lia kaspelaSvilma<br />
xelovnebis gakveTilebis sak-<br />
laso oTaxSi Catarebaze uari<br />
Tqva, moswavleebi SemoqmedebiT<br />
procesSi CarTo da am garemoSi<br />
maT moqmedebis Tavisufleba misca.<br />
mis gakveTilebze bavSvebi<br />
ara mxolod swavloben, aramed<br />
qmnian.<br />
marine kupreiSvili<br />
N2, 2009 45<br />
xelovneba, rogorc sagani zogadsaganmanaTleblo<br />
skolebSi ukve<br />
sami welia, me-7 klasidan iswavleba.<br />
lia maswavleblis TqmiT,<br />
Tu bavSvi TeoriasTan erTad<br />
praqtikiTac aris dakavebuli,<br />
misTvis swavla ufro saintereso
46<br />
xdeba. lia maswavlebelma sami<br />
wlis win skolis administracias<br />
Sromis gakveTilebis gamoyenebiTi<br />
xelovnebiT Canacvlebis<br />
winadadebiT mimarTa.<br />
lia kaspelaSili, baTumis #2<br />
sajaro skolis maswavlebeli: `Seveca-<br />
de, Sroma xelovnebis doneze<br />
ameyvana. ra Tqma unda, bavSvebis<br />
namuSevrebi Sors aris xelovnebis<br />
nimuSebisagan, magram isini<br />
namdvilad saavtoro da eqskluziuria.<br />
vaJebma upiratesoba keramikas<br />
mianiWes, Tumca am mxriv<br />
dainteresebas gogonebic iCenen.<br />
maTi didi nawili sakuTari Zalebis<br />
mosinjvas xalxuri rewvis<br />
iseT dar<strong>ge</strong>bSi cdilobs, rogoricaa:<br />
qsova, mcire qargvis elementebi,<br />
qsovilze muSaoba _ Teqa,<br />
batika da gobeleni. rodesac<br />
profesiad xelovnebaTmcodneoba<br />
avirCie, gadavwyvite, am sakiTxs<br />
seriozulad mivdgomodi. bevrs<br />
vkiTxulobdi da veZebdi, internetSi<br />
viqeqebodi, vcdilobdi,<br />
gavrkveuliyavi, rogor memoqmeda.<br />
dRemde vswavlob da viRrmaveb<br />
codnas. CemTvis sainteresos xSirad<br />
vubrundebi, radgan bevri axali<br />
_ kargad daviwyebuli Zvelia~.<br />
swavlebis meTodi lia kaspelaSvilma<br />
pirad gamocdilebasa da<br />
praqtikaze dayrdnobiT, saTanado<br />
literaturis gamoyenebiT da adgi-<br />
lobrivi specifikis gaTvaliswinebiT,<br />
Tavad SeimuSava. imis gamo,<br />
rom me-12 klasisaTvis specialuri<br />
literatura ar arsebobs,<br />
cdilobs bavSvebs teqnologiis<br />
sakiTxebze mis mierve Sed<strong>ge</strong>nili<br />
konspeqtebi miawodos. aq ukve<br />
kargad ician, ramden gradusze<br />
iwveba Tixa, rogor xdeba misi<br />
gamoSroba da a.S.<br />
qalbatoni lia Tavis droze ganaTlebis<br />
saministros veb-gverdze<br />
ganTavsebul sakonkurso gancxadebas<br />
gadaawyda: `saxelobo<br />
swavlebis integrireba saskolo<br />
swavlebisTvis me-11-12 klasebSi~.<br />
man proeqti moamzada da saxelosnos<br />
ukeT mosawyobad ori saswavlo<br />
granti moipova. skolam damatebiTi<br />
masalebi SeiZina, teqnikuri<br />
Rumelic daamontaJa. moiwvies<br />
qsovilebis specialistic _<br />
xelovnebis institutis kursdam-<br />
Tavrebuli nestan niJaraZe.<br />
me-12 klasis moswavleebi gamoyenebiT<br />
xelovnebas, mopovebuli<br />
grantis wyalobiT, ufro safuZvlianad<br />
swavloben. es aris eqsperimenti<br />
_ sapilote swavleba ufrosklaselTaTvis,<br />
romlebmac<br />
gamoyenebiTi xelovnebis dawyebi-<br />
Ti kursi gaiares. isini xalxuri<br />
rewvis dar<strong>ge</strong>bs kargad icnoben<br />
da me-11-12 klasSi ukve Tavisi<br />
nebiT irCeven am sagans. proeqtis<br />
mixedviT, ori wlis Semdeg, keramikisa<br />
da qsovilebis ganyofilebis<br />
Seswavlis dasrulebisas, es<br />
axalgazrdebi atestatTan<br />
erTad sertifikatsac miiReben.<br />
lia kaspelaSvili ambobs, rom<br />
mozardebi im xelobas swavloben,<br />
rac SesaZloa, maTTvis damatebiTi<br />
Semosavalisa da damoukideblad<br />
arsebobis wyarod iqces.<br />
`bavSvebisTvis didi stimulia,<br />
roca sakuTari namuSevrebi gamofena-gayidvebze<br />
gaaqvT da isini<br />
mowonebiT sar<strong>ge</strong>bloben. maT<br />
Semosavlis sakuTari wyaro uCndebaT<br />
da dainteresebac izrdeba~,<br />
_ ambobs lia maswavlebeli.<br />
levan jiblaZe, baTumis #2 sajaro<br />
skolis moswavle: `bavSvobaSi kar-<br />
gad vxatavdi. roca sagnebis ar-<br />
Cevis dro dadga, SemTxveviT<br />
movxvdi xelovnebis gakveTilze.<br />
pirvelad rom Sevexe Tixas da<br />
Zerwva daviwye, metis gakeTeba<br />
mominda. ukve ramdenime nakeToba<br />
davamzade. amJamad sakanfete<br />
larnakze vmuSaob. dRes `gavlaqav~.<br />
male yvela samuSaos davasruleb<br />
da minda saxlSi waviRo,<br />
ojaxis wevrebs vaCveno Cemi naxelavi.<br />
aq mTeli klasi interesiT<br />
movdivarT. garda imisa, rom<br />
kargi garemoa, xelovnebis istoriaze<br />
bevr saintereso da sasar<strong>ge</strong>blo<br />
ambavsac vi<strong>ge</strong>bT~.
egioni<br />
skola,<br />
romelsac TeTr saxlSic icnoben<br />
gavazis skolis moswavleebi sxva sagnebTan erTad<br />
soflis meurneobasac euflebian<br />
skolas saswavlo programis adgilobriv specifikaze mor<strong>ge</strong>ba<br />
SeuZlia _ yvarlis raionis gavazis sajaro skolaSi soflis<br />
meurneoba saswavlo programis erT-erTi mTavari elementia.<br />
aq donor organizaciebTan TanamSromlobisa da saerTaSoriso<br />
proeqtebis warmatebiT ganxorcielebis gamocdilebac aqvT.<br />
momaval saswavlo wels ki gavazelebi amerikuli standartebiT<br />
aSenebul axal skolaSi Sexvdebian.<br />
dRe gavazis skolaSi saqmiani<br />
fusfusiT iwyeba: skolis ezoSi<br />
arsebuli sasaTbure meurneoba,<br />
sadac moswavleebi sasoflosameurneo<br />
kulturebis moyvanas<br />
euflebian, unda moirwyas da<br />
gaimarglos. kitris da pomidvris<br />
maRalproduqtiul jiSebTan<br />
erTad mozardebi yvavilovani da<br />
Cinuri kombostos CiTilebsac<br />
uvlian da mwvanilic mohyavT.<br />
mizani erTia _ soflis meurneobisaTvis<br />
saWiro gamocdilebis<br />
SeZena da sxva proeqtebisTvis<br />
saWiro Tanxebis moZieba sakuTari<br />
produqciis realizebis gziT.<br />
paata beriaSvili, gavazis skolis<br />
direqtori: „gvindoda, momavali<br />
Taoba aqtiurad CagverTo<br />
soflis meurneobis Seswavlis<br />
procesSi da paralelurad mos-<br />
nino koSaZe<br />
specialurad „maswavleblisaTvis~,<br />
kaxeTidan<br />
N2, 2009 47
48<br />
wavleTaTvis biznes-saqmianobis,<br />
liderobis elementaruli unar-<br />
Cvevebi gagveviTarebina. amerikis<br />
SeerTebuli Statebis soflis<br />
meurneobis saxelmwifo departamentis<br />
xelmZRvaneli robert persiko<br />
Cveni proeqtiT dainteresda,<br />
romlis mizanic am dargis<br />
skolaSi Setana iyo. aTkaciani<br />
jgufi aSS-Si, kaliforniis Statis<br />
sofel espatoSi gavemgzavreT,<br />
sadac axalgazrda amerikel<br />
fermerTa organizaciis saqmianobas<br />
gavecaniT. msgavsi tipis<br />
organizaciis CvenTan, gavazSi<br />
dafuZnebis ideac gagviCnda~.<br />
gavazelebis mier Seqmnili FFG-s,<br />
anu `saqarTvelos momaval fermerTa<br />
organizaciis~ proeqti<br />
raionis farglebs ukve gascda _<br />
amerikulma mxarem misi ganxorcieleba<br />
mTeli saqarTvelos mas-<br />
StabiT gadawyvita. SeirCa Svidi<br />
sapilote skola, romlebSic<br />
momaval fermerTa organizaciebi<br />
Camoyalibda. amerikis soflis<br />
meurneobis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlobam,<br />
am organizaciis xelSewyobis<br />
mizniT, saqarTvelos sazogadoebriv<br />
saqmeTa institutTan (GIPA)<br />
xelSekruleba gaaforma. muSaoba<br />
am saswavleblis soflis meurneobis<br />
ganviTarebis ganyofilebis<br />
xelmZRvanelobiT gagrZelda.<br />
ganxorcielda proeqtebi partnior<br />
skolebSic _ aSenda sasaTbure<br />
meurneobebi, SeiZines fut-<br />
kari da gaiyvanes Tanamedrove<br />
sarwyavi sistemebi.<br />
laSa giorgaSvili, gavazis skolis<br />
me- 11 klasis moswavle: `FFG-m saSu-<br />
aleba momca Zalian bevri gamego<br />
soflis meurneobis Tanamedrove<br />
teqnologiebisa da miRwevebis<br />
Sesaxeb da Sromis fasic meswavla.<br />
axlaxans vimyofebodiT sasoflosameurneo<br />
institutSi treningze,<br />
sadac axali teqnika gagvacnes<br />
da saWiro rCevebic mogvces~.<br />
ganxorcielebulma proeqtebma<br />
gavazis skolas sxva mniSvnelovani<br />
kontaqtebis damyarebis sa-<br />
Sualeba misca. 2003 wels kaxeTSi<br />
stumrobis Semdeg mark perkinsma<br />
sakuTar das, qeTi perkinss<br />
STabeWdilebebi gauziara. kairos<br />
universitetis TanamSromelma,<br />
qeTi perkinsma gavazis skolis<br />
gamocdilebiT egviptelebi daainteresa<br />
da gacvliTi programac<br />
dai<strong>ge</strong>gma: 2008 wlis gazafxulze<br />
17 egviptelma studentma da orma<br />
profesorma ori kvira gavazSi<br />
gaatara, Semodgomaze ki qarTuli<br />
soflidan Svidkaciani jgufi<br />
erTi kviriT kairoSi gaemgzavra.<br />
nino xuciSvili, gavazis skolis 11-e<br />
klasis moswavle: `egvipteSi mogza-<br />
uroba CemTvis didi cxovrebiseuli<br />
gamocdileba iyo. TiToeul<br />
maTganTan, vinc egvipteSi gavicani,<br />
dRemde maqvs urTierToba<br />
da momavalSi araerTi proeqtis<br />
ganxorcielebas vapirebT~.<br />
Semodgomaze axal saswavlo wels<br />
gavazelebi 600 moswavleze gaTvlil,<br />
amerikuli standartebiT<br />
a<strong>ge</strong>bul axal skolaSi Sexvdebian,<br />
romlis mSeneblobac 2006 wels,<br />
proeqt „iakob go<strong>ge</strong>baSvilis~ farglebSi,<br />
msoflio bankis finansuri<br />
mxardaWeriT daiwyo. skola<br />
dRemde orcvlian reJimSi muSaobs.<br />
direqtori acxadebs, rom<br />
farTi mcirea da pirobebic sakmaod<br />
arasaxarbieloa. `gavazis<br />
saSualo skola 1968 wlidan arsebobs.<br />
sofeli didia, moswavleTa<br />
raodenoba ki _ mzardi. axal Senobaze<br />
arc miocnebia. 2005 wels<br />
vauCeruli sistema Semovida da<br />
skolas Semosavali gauCnda.<br />
ganaTlebis saministros 8 axali<br />
saklaso oTaxis miSenebis nebarTva<br />
vTxove, Tumca ministris moadgilem,<br />
Temur samadaSvilma<br />
gavazSi axali skolis aSeneba<br />
SemogvTavaza. es udidesi<br />
saCuqaria Cveni skolisTvis~, _<br />
ambobs gavazis skolis direqtori<br />
paata beriaSvili.<br />
qeTi WipaSvili, yvarlis saganmanaTleblo<br />
resurscentris ufrosi: „gava-<br />
zis skola erT-erTi aqtiuri<br />
skolaa aramarto yvarlis municipalitetSi,<br />
aramed mTels<br />
regionSi. mis mier ganxorcielebulma<br />
FFG proeqtma mTeli qveynis<br />
maStabiT CarTo moswavleebi<br />
soflis meurneobis Seswavlis<br />
saqmeSi. swored es aris am proeqtis<br />
arsi _ siaxle ar unda darCes<br />
Caketili, aramed unda ganzogaddes<br />
da soflis meurneobis Seswavlis<br />
interesi ufro met moswavles<br />
unda gauCndes~.<br />
resurscentris xelmZRvaneli<br />
ambobs, rom gavazis skola erTerTi<br />
TvalsaCino magaliTia imisa,<br />
Tu rogor SeiZleba saswavlo<br />
procesis warmarTva moswavleebis<br />
interesebisa da adgilobrivi<br />
specifikis gaTvaliswinebiT.
klasi<br />
gakveTili<br />
ormxrivi moZraobiT<br />
avtomobili, SuqniSani da `zebra~ gadasasvlelze<br />
_ sagzao usafrTxoebis wesebi maTTvis, visac marTvis<br />
mowmoba jer ar sWirdeba<br />
raze fiqrobs TvaldaxuWuli moswavle<br />
gakveTilze? zaris darekvaze<br />
ocnebobs, swor pasuxs ixsenebs,<br />
an ubralod eZineba. varaudebi<br />
arasworia, viTareba ki gansxvavebuli<br />
_ es bavSvi axla avtomobilia<br />
da mZRolis niSans elodeba.<br />
es 9 wlis avtomobili klas-<br />
Si marto ar aris _ gakveTilze<br />
aseTi ramdenimea. 24-e sajaro<br />
skolis mesame klasSi sagzao<br />
usafrTxoebis wesebs swavloben.<br />
bavSvebma ician, rom avtomobili<br />
xmas gamoscems, signali aqvs, qalaqis<br />
quCebSi dadis da mas mZRoli<br />
marTavs. gakveTilze yvela<br />
avtomobils mZRoli hyavs. mZRolebma<br />
ician Tavisi ufleba-movaleobebi:<br />
unda Seikran Rvedebi,<br />
yuradReba miaqcion da daemor-<br />
Cilon sagzao niSnebs da avariis<br />
Tavidan asacileblad manqana<br />
yuradRebiT marTon. klasSi arian<br />
fexiT mosiaruleebic da SuqniSnebic.<br />
rolebi danawilebulia,<br />
yvela mzadaa da moZraoba iwyeba,<br />
datvirTuli da Tanac ormxrivi.<br />
es roluri TamaSia, lia bedinaZe<br />
ki am klasis damri<strong>ge</strong>belia. gakveTilze<br />
is sagzao moZraobis zedamxedvelis<br />
funqcias iTavsebs<br />
da bavSvebs rolebs unawilebs.<br />
interaqtiuli meTodi da saswavlo<br />
TamaSebi patarebs gansakuTrebiT<br />
moswonT da mcire asakis<br />
miuxedavad, isini sagnis mniSvnelobas<br />
kargad acnobiereben:<br />
9 wlis aleqsandre danelia: `me<br />
yovelTvis viyeneb aq naswavl wesebs,<br />
gansakuTrebiT maSin, roca<br />
zebraze gadavdivar, an roca SuqniSani<br />
anTia. es TamaSebi usafr-<br />
Txoebas exeba da Cven vxvdebiT,<br />
ra aris cudi, araswori da ra ar<br />
unda gavakeToT~.<br />
aleqsandre da misi Tanaklaselebi<br />
sapilote proeqtis `usafrTxo<br />
gzebi~ monawileebi arian.<br />
lia bedinaZe, 24-e sajaro skolis<br />
maswavlebeli, klasis damri<strong>ge</strong>beli: `sag-<br />
zao usafrTxoebis kursi bavSvebs<br />
Zalian moswonT. Cven vaswavliT<br />
maT fexiT mosiaruleTa valdebulebebs,<br />
sagzao moZraobis<br />
wesebs, agreTve _ ra aris Suqni-<br />
Sani da rogor unda moviqceT<br />
quCaze gadasvlisas. sagani integrirebulad<br />
iswavleba da saxelm-<br />
ZRvaneloc mesame klasis bavSvebisTvis<br />
martivad dasaZlevia~.<br />
saqarTveloSi sagzao usafrTxoebis<br />
problemis gadaWras Tanmimdevruli<br />
da sistemuri midgomiT<br />
saxelmwifo da arasamTavrobo<br />
seqtori erToblivad cdilobs.<br />
arasamTavrobo organizacia<br />
`partnioroba sagzao usafrTxoebisaTvis~<br />
ganaTlebis saminis-<br />
irakli kopaleiSvili<br />
N2, 2009 49<br />
,,`me vfiqrob, rom usafrTxoebis<br />
wesebis dacva aucilebelia<br />
imisaTvis, rom ar<br />
davSavdeT. pirvel rigSi,<br />
saWiroa qveiTad mosiarulem<br />
imoZraos sworad.<br />
Rvedic aucileblad unda<br />
Seikra, mniSvneloba ar<br />
aqvs, win zixar Tu ukan.<br />
Torem avariis dros<br />
SeiZleba rame daiziano.<br />
me moZraobis wesebs Cems<br />
patara Zmasac vaswavli,<br />
romelic sami wlisaa~.<br />
luka verulaSvili, 9 wlis<br />
,<br />
,,`me gakveTilze davwere, ra<br />
ar SeiZleba gavakeToT:<br />
avtobuss ar unda SemovuaroT<br />
arc winidan da arc<br />
ukana mxridan. avtobusSi<br />
ar SeiZleba avideT wina<br />
karidan. aucilebelia,<br />
avideT ukana an Sua karidan.<br />
12 wlamde ar SeiZleba<br />
avtomobilSi win jdoma.<br />
miwisqveSa gadasasvleliT<br />
unda gadavideT maSinac,<br />
roca gzaze manqana ar<br />
moZraobs. es yvelaferi<br />
viswavle Cemi wignidan<br />
`Cven vicavT sagzao<br />
wesebs~.<br />
salome gulordava, 8 wlis<br />
,
50<br />
trosTan erTad gasuli wlis noembridan<br />
axorcielebs sapilote<br />
proeqts `usafrTxo gzebi~. pirvel<br />
etapze Catarda pedago<strong>ge</strong>bis,<br />
ZiriTadad klasis damri<strong>ge</strong>blebis<br />
trenin<strong>ge</strong>bi, Semdeg ki daiwyo sagzao<br />
usafrTxoebis kursis pilotireba<br />
skolebSi. saqarTvelos<br />
masStabiT, proeqtSi 48 skolis<br />
<strong>10</strong> 000 bavSvia CarTuli. skolebi<br />
ki, sadac axali sagani iswavleba,<br />
eqvs did qalaqSi SeirCa (Tbilisi,<br />
rusTavi, Telavi, gori, quTaisi da<br />
baTumi). Cvens qveyenaSi msgavsi<br />
proeqti pirvelad xorcieldeba.<br />
literatura da TvalsaCino masala,<br />
romliTac skolebSi swavleba<br />
mimdinareobs, ucxouri gamocdilebis<br />
gaTvaliswinebiT, qarTveli<br />
bavSvebisaTvis specialurad momzadda.<br />
saxelmZRvaneloSi martivad<br />
aris axsnili Tu rogor unda<br />
imoZraon moswavleebma roca saxlidan<br />
skolaSi modian da uwevT<br />
gzis gadakveTa iq sadac transporti<br />
moZraobs, bavSvisTvis<br />
gasa<strong>ge</strong>b enaze ganmartebulia Ti-<br />
Toeuli sagzao niSani. saswavlo<br />
kursi ToTxmeti gakveTilisagan<br />
Sed<strong>ge</strong>ba, kviraSi erTxel tardeba<br />
da sxva sagnebTan erTad, integrirebulad<br />
iswavleba.<br />
ekaterine laliaSvili, proeqtis<br />
xelmZRvaneli: `usafrTxo moZraobis<br />
kultura, usafrTxoebis<br />
wesebis dacva sazogadoebis Ti-<br />
Toeuli wevrisaTvis Cveulebriv<br />
yoveldRiurobad unda iqces.<br />
Cvens qveyanaSi es kultura faqtobrivad<br />
ar arsebobs. adekvaturad<br />
ar vafasebT im risks, romelic<br />
avtosagzao SemTxvevis dros<br />
Cndeba. Cveni mizania adreul<br />
asakSi usafrTxoebis wesebis swavleba,<br />
am kulturis danergva,<br />
raTa mozardebi informirebulni<br />
iyvnen da swori qceva hqondeT<br />
SeTvisebuli. monitoringma aCvena,<br />
rom bavSvebi advilad iTviseben<br />
sagans~.<br />
programis msvlelobis paralelurad<br />
moxda partniori organizaciebis<br />
erT struqturul erTeulad<br />
Camoyalibeba. organizaciis<br />
`partnioroba sagzao usafrTxoebisaTvis~<br />
iniciativiT Seiqmna<br />
aliansi `usafrTxo gzebisTvis~,<br />
romelSic TerTmeti saerTaSoriso,<br />
saxelmwifo, arasamTavrobo<br />
da kerZo organizacia gaerTianda:<br />
amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis<br />
saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis<br />
saa<strong>ge</strong>nto (USAID), BP-saqarTvelo,<br />
ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis<br />
saministro, erovnuli saswavlo<br />
<strong>ge</strong>gmebisa da Sefasebis centri,<br />
`partnioroba sagzao usafrTxoebisaTvis~,<br />
niderlandebis samefos<br />
saelCo saqarveloSi, aSS-s<br />
saelCo saqarTveloSi, Jurnali<br />
“AutoBild – saqarTvelo”, gadacema<br />
`saimedo avto~ da saqarTvelos<br />
saavtomobilo federacia.<br />
proeqtis mxardamWeria saqarTvelos<br />
pirveli ledi sandra elisabed<br />
rulovsi.<br />
simon janaSia, erovnuli saswavlo<br />
<strong>ge</strong>gmebisa da Sefasebis centris direqtori:<br />
`bavSvebs vaswavliT, Tu rogor<br />
unda moiqcnen manqaniT mgzavrobisas<br />
an fexiT gadaadgilebisas.<br />
proeqti sainteresoa imiTac, rom<br />
xels uwyobs mozardebis samoqalaqo<br />
ganviTarebas da maT pasuxism<strong>ge</strong>bel<br />
moqalaqeebad Camoyalibebas.<br />
am bavSvebs ar aqvT manqanebi<br />
da ar marTaven, magram mniS-<br />
vnelovania, rom maT aiTvison da<br />
Tavadac gaavrcelon usafrTxo<br />
moZraobis kultura _ ufrosebsac<br />
miscen swori magaliTi da<br />
Tundac SeniSvnebi~.<br />
proeqti sapilotea da warmatebis<br />
SemTxvevaSi, sxva zogadsaganmanaTleblo<br />
skolebSic dainer<strong>ge</strong>ba.<br />
organizacia `partnioroba<br />
sagzao usafrTxoebisaTvis~<br />
<strong>ge</strong>gmavs axali literaturisa<br />
da TvalsaCinoebebis momzadebasac.
saskolo iniciativebi<br />
mogzauroba<br />
ocnebidan realobaSi<br />
`gza zugdididan mestiamde Zalian gagvigrZelda, megona veRar<br />
CavaRwevdiT. kiTxvaze: `male CavalT?~, pasuxi erTi iyo:<br />
`naxevar saaTSi~. gzis bolos ulamazesi sanaxaoba gveloda _<br />
mestia! garSemo uzarmazari mTebi, win daTovlili banguriani,<br />
dalayora, svanuri koSkebi, mdinare mestiis Wala, beTqiliswyaro.<br />
svaneTi marTlac SesaniSnavia!~ _ wers viviana babilaSvili<br />
svaneTamde ki iyo gza tao-klarjeTisaken.<br />
22-e sajaro skolis moswavleebisa da maswavleblebis mogzaurobis<br />
Sesaxeb skolis direqtori guliko xorbalaZe da qarTuli<br />
enisa da literaturis maswavlebeli giuli Ca<strong>ge</strong>liSvili<br />
mogviTxroben.<br />
`Tanamedrove pedagogs, warmatebis<br />
misaRwevad, mozardis fsiqologiis,<br />
misi interesebis Sesatyvisi<br />
midgomebis gamoyeneba mar-<br />
Tebs. amitomac vcdilobT, iseT<br />
individualur gzebs mivakvlioT,<br />
romlebic moswavleebs aqtiurobisa<br />
da iniciativis gamoCenisken<br />
ubiZ<strong>ge</strong>ben, motivacias aumaRleben,<br />
nebelobiT Zalebs ganumtkiceben.<br />
saskolo iniciativebis ganviTarebaSi<br />
Zalian dagvexmara skolis<br />
avtonomiuri uflebebis gazrda,<br />
rac finansuri damoukideblobis<br />
mopovebaSi gamoixata. ukve ori<br />
welia, Cvens skolaSi ufrosklasel<br />
moswavleTa Soris gunduri<br />
proeqtebis konkursi tardeba.<br />
2007 wlis ivnisSi, saqarTvelos<br />
istoriisa da sazogadoebrivi<br />
mecnierebebis kaTedris mxarda-<br />
WeriT (xelmZRvaneli da proeqtis<br />
Tanaavtori m. zaqariaSvili), Catarda<br />
pirveli konkursi: `fiqrebi<br />
tao-klarjeTze~. raionis mewarmeebsa<br />
da mSoblebTan Tanam-<br />
SromlobiT gamarjvebulTa wasa-<br />
N2, 2009 51
52<br />
xaliseblad saWiro Tanxac gamoi-<br />
Zebna. konkursis farglebSi sami<br />
etapi gamoiyo: kvlevis, prezentaciisa<br />
da mogzaurobis. ase rom, monawileebs<br />
sami sxvadasxva davaleba<br />
unda SeesrulebinaT:<br />
pirvel etapze moswavleebi<br />
mkvlevarebi iyvnen. maT Temebi<br />
SearCies da muzeumebis, sajaro<br />
biblioTekis resursisa da internetis<br />
gamoyenebiT tao-klarjeTis<br />
Sesaxeb saintereso masala Seagroves.<br />
warmod<strong>ge</strong>nil namuSevrebs<br />
Soris iyo: `tao-klarjeTis <strong>ge</strong>ografiuli<br />
mdebareoba da ekologia~,<br />
`qarTvelTa samefos Camoyalibeba~,<br />
`didi samonastro mSenebloba~,<br />
`istoriul samxreT-dasavleT<br />
saqarTvelos bedi XX saukuneSi~,<br />
`qarTuli miwa Turqe-<br />
Tis Semad<strong>ge</strong>nlobaSi~ da sxva. naSromebs<br />
Tan erTvoda moswavleTa<br />
mier Sesrulebuli ilustraciebi.<br />
meore etapze mozardebma sakuTari<br />
naSromebi Jiuris warudgines,<br />
romlis Semad<strong>ge</strong>nlobaSic skolis<br />
pedago<strong>ge</strong>bi da mowveuli eqspertebi<br />
Sediodnen. konkursis gamarjvebulma<br />
saukeTeso aTma avtorma,<br />
saqarTvelos sapatriarqos<br />
daxmarebiT, tao-klarjeTSi imogzaura.<br />
moswavleebma moiares: oSki,<br />
xanZTa, parxali, bana, iSxani,<br />
Satberdi. grigol xanZTelis, misi<br />
mowafeebis, aSot kurapalatis<br />
mier aRorZinebuli mTeli regio-<br />
ni. wignebidan kargad nacnob<br />
taZrebs isini xeliT exebodnen,<br />
aRtacebulni iyvnen maTi arqiteqturiT<br />
da winaparTa xelovnebiT.<br />
proeqtis gagrZeleba iyo konkursi:<br />
`fiqrebi samegrelo-zemo svaneTze”,<br />
romelic 2008 wels qar-<br />
Tuli enisa da literaturis pedago<strong>ge</strong>bis<br />
giuli Ca<strong>ge</strong>liSvilis,<br />
marina TiTberiZis da cicino mJavanaZis<br />
xelmZRvanelobiT Catarda.<br />
ufrosklasel moswavleebs axali<br />
davaleba unda SeesrulebinaT _<br />
SeeswavlaT samegrelosa da svaneTis<br />
istoria, <strong>ge</strong>ografia, kultura,<br />
ekologia, da folklori.<br />
maT gunduri principiT SearCies<br />
sasurveli Temebi. wina proeqtisgan<br />
gansxvavebiT, konkursSi monawileobis<br />
msurvelTa raodenoba<br />
gaormagda. registracia <strong>10</strong>0-ze<br />
metma moswavlem gaiara.<br />
saskolo Jiurim Temebis Sefasebis<br />
kriteriumebi SeimuSava da moswavleebs<br />
gaacno. daskvniT etapze<br />
15 gamarjvebuli gamovlinda,<br />
romlebic skolam samegrelosa<br />
da zemo svaneTSi oTxdRiani mogzaurobiT<br />
dajildova.<br />
mogzaurobis programis Sed<strong>ge</strong>na-<br />
Si didi daxmareba gagviwia turistulma<br />
firmam (`big futi~), agreTve<br />
zugdidis me-2 sajaro skolis<br />
direqtorma qalbatonma ma-<br />
rine qicxiam da qalbatonma nato<br />
naverianma. dav<strong>ge</strong>gmeT saintereso<br />
Sexvedrebi zugdidisa da mestiis<br />
sajaro skolebis moswavleebTan<br />
erTad, aseve erToblivi eqskursia-laSqrobac.<br />
mogzauroba 19 ivniss zugdidis<br />
matarebliT daiwyo. 20 ivniss dilis<br />
7 saaTze rkinigzis sadgurSi<br />
zugdidis #2 sajaro skolis maswavleblebi<br />
da moswavleebi dagvxvdnen<br />
da skolaSi migvpatiJes.<br />
SevisveneT, Tan iqauroba davaTvaliereT.<br />
zugdidelebma sakuTari<br />
Teatris repertuari gagvacnes.<br />
stumrebma da maspinZlebma erTad<br />
movinaxuleT dadianebis sasaxle,<br />
botanikuri baRi, zugdidis centri.<br />
imave dRes mikroavtobusiT<br />
gavudeqiT gzas svaneTisken. moviareT<br />
uzarmazar mTebSi dakarguli<br />
svaneTis soflebi: jorkvali,<br />
laxamula, qveda luxa, fari,<br />
eceri, beCo, latali, lenjeri,<br />
mulaxi, ifari da kala.<br />
mogzaurobam yovelgvar molodins<br />
gadaaWarba. yoveli dRe axali<br />
aRmoCenebiTa da saintereso<br />
TavgadasavlebiT ivseboda. mogzaurobidan<br />
dabrunebulma proeqtis<br />
monawileebma sakuTari xeliT<br />
Seqmnes eklesia-monastrebis<br />
maketebi, TvalsaCinoebebi, foto<br />
da video masala, romelTa gamoyenebac<br />
kidev ufro Sinaarsians<br />
gaxdis gakveTilebs.
esursebi<br />
aswavle da...<br />
aCvene istoria<br />
uZvelesi qarTuli xelnaweri wignebis gacnoba<br />
moswavleebs xelnawerTa erovnul centrSi SeuZliaT<br />
`miniaturebze oqrosferi saRebavi marTla oqrosia?~, `vin iyo<br />
is kaci, vinc wignis gadawera pirvelma moifiqra da daafinansa?~<br />
_ am kiTxvebs skolis moswavleebi xelnawerTa centrSi<br />
maTTvis gamarTul sajaro leqciebze svamen. es swored is<br />
adgilia, sadac isini istorias ara mxolod swavloben,<br />
aramed sakuTari TvaliT xedaven da exebian. xelnawerTa<br />
Seqmna, gadawera da Semkoba _ ras uamboben uZvelesi<br />
qarTuli xelnaweri wignebi Tanamedrove moswavleebs?<br />
ufrosklaselebi saintereso da<br />
uCveulo garemoSi aRmoCndnen.<br />
saqarTvelos xelnawerTa erovnuli<br />
centris ganaTlebis departamentma<br />
skolis moswavleebis-<br />
Tvis saganmanaTleblo programebi<br />
erTi wlis win Seadgina da bav-<br />
Svebi xelnawerTa centrSi miiwvia.<br />
aq gakveTilebsa da leqciebs<br />
dialogis forma aqvs, departamentis<br />
mier momzadebuli prezentacia<br />
ki mozardebs informaciis<br />
aRqmas uadvilebs. `codnis<br />
miwodebis garda, am programis<br />
bela CekuriSvili<br />
N2, 2009 53
54<br />
mizania, axalgazrdebi im profe-<br />
siebiT daainteresos, rac wignis<br />
kvlevas, dacvas, eqspertizasa<br />
da restavracias ukavSirdeba.<br />
dRevandel pragmatul epoqaSi<br />
es arapopularul profesiebad<br />
iTvleba~, _ ambobs xelnawerTa<br />
centris ganaTlebis departamentis<br />
xelmZRvaneli nestan<br />
CxikvaZe.<br />
qarTuli xelnaweri wignebi inaxaven<br />
codnas astrologiis, medicinis,<br />
<strong>ge</strong>ografiis, qimiisa da sxva<br />
saintereso sferoebis Sesaxeb.<br />
nestan CxikvaZe, xelnawerTa<br />
centris ganaTlebis departamentis<br />
xelmZRvaneli: `am saubrebis dros<br />
axalgazrdebi acnobiereben, rom<br />
wigni mxolod dawerili furclebi<br />
ar aris da igi qveynis kulturasTan<br />
kavSirSi aRiqmeba. Cveni<br />
programa gankuTvnilia saskolo<br />
programis dasaxmareblad,<br />
literaturisa da istoriis ukeT<br />
Sesaswavlad da gasaazreblad~.<br />
centris mier momzadebuli saganmanaTleblo<br />
programebis magali-<br />
Tia `tao-klarjeTi~, romlisTvisac<br />
departaments fotomasala<br />
xelnawerTa centris direqtorma<br />
buba kudavam miawoda. ornawiliani<br />
programa Zeglebis daTvalierebiT<br />
iwyeba da leqcias slaid-<br />
Souc axlavs. moswavleebi agreTve<br />
ecnobian xelnawerTa istorias<br />
_ vin romeli wigni SeiZina, romeli<br />
wigni rodis da sad daikarga<br />
da a.S. yoveli gakveTili dialogiT<br />
sruldeba. meore programa,<br />
romelic `vefxistyaosnis~<br />
astrologiur da astronomiul<br />
aspeqtebs exeba, 21-e skolis pedagogis,<br />
nino imnaiSvilis winadadebiT<br />
momzadda. programis<br />
avtori ambobs, rom `avTandilis<br />
anderZi~ sakmaod rTuli Tavia<br />
`vefxistyaosanSi~ da misi aRqma<br />
moswavleebs uWirT. xelnawerTa<br />
centris mier momzadebuli programiT<br />
bavSvebi vizualurad ecnobian<br />
astrologiuri Sinaarsis<br />
xelnawerebs da ciuri mnaTobebis<br />
amsaxvel miniaturebs, iReben informacias<br />
imis Sesaxeb, Tu saidan<br />
gaCnda astronomiuli codna<br />
saqarTveloSi da rogor aisaxa<br />
igi qarTul folklorSi, xuroTmoZRvrebasa<br />
da sasuliero krebulebSi.<br />
xelnawerTa centrma moamzada<br />
programebi qarTvel korifeebzec.<br />
yuradReba gamaxvilda ivane<br />
javaxiSvilisa Tu korneli kekeliZis<br />
cxovrebis iseT detalebze,<br />
romlebic bavSvebs maT mimarT<br />
interess gauRvivebda: rogori<br />
moswavle iyo ivane javaxiSvili,<br />
rogor dadioda arqeologiur<br />
gaTxrebze, rogor uyvarda siZveleebis<br />
qeqva da Segroveba...<br />
departamentis TanamSromelma,<br />
nestan bagaurma bavSvebs nusxis<br />
saxiT Camouwera, ramdeni ram<br />
icoda ivane javaxiSvilma. piradi<br />
werilebisa da fotomasalis<br />
gamoyenebiT Sedga programa<br />
korneli kekeliZesa da eqvTime<br />
TayaiSvilzec.<br />
nestan CxikvaZe: `eleqtronuli<br />
fostiT davukavSirdiT maswavleblebs<br />
da SevTavazeT, mogvweron<br />
winadadebebi: rogori programa<br />
surT, risi mosmena iqneba aqtualuri<br />
moswavleebisaTvis... aseve<br />
mogvawodon bavSvebis nawerebi,<br />
naSromebi. maswavleblebis iniciativaze<br />
bevri ram aris damokidebuli~.<br />
xelnawerTa erovnuli centris<br />
saganmanaTleblo programebis<br />
Sesaxeb dawvrilebiTi<br />
informaciisaTvis ixileT:<br />
http://www.manuscript.<strong>ge</strong>/index.php?m=447
erTi istoria<br />
maswavlebeli<br />
fereidanSi<br />
fereidunSahris ispahanis universitetis filialis<br />
profesorma said mulianma igive giorgi mulaSvilma,<br />
qarTuli `dedaenis~ analogi Seqmna da fereidnel<br />
qarTvelebs qarTulad wera-kiTxvas aswavlis.<br />
fereidani iranis centraluri<br />
zegnis, baxTiaris SiSvel mTebSi<br />
mdebareobs da administraciulad<br />
ispahanis olqs eqvemdebareba.<br />
oTxi saukunis win saqarTvelodan<br />
tyved wayvanili qarTvelebis<br />
STamomavlebiT dasaxlebul soflebs<br />
qarTuli saxelebi dRemde<br />
SemorCa: zemo martyofi, qvemo<br />
martyofi, CuRureTi (CoRiureTi),<br />
afusi (ruispiri), sibaji (vaSlovani).<br />
aq axsovT winaparTa gvarebic:<br />
gugunaSvili, gogoCaSvili,<br />
aspaniSvili, ioseliani, xuciSvili,<br />
molaSvili, zubitaSvili,<br />
onikaSvili, aslaniSvili, miqelaSvili,<br />
baTiaSvili. dRes isini<br />
metwilad sparsul gvarebs atareben<br />
da saqarTveloSi mogzaurobaze<br />
ocneboben.<br />
fereidani erTaderTi iranuli<br />
raionia, sadac iZulebiT gadasaxlebulma<br />
qarTvelobam ena da<br />
qarTuli adaT-wesebi SeinarCuna.<br />
aq im sityvebsac gaigonebT, romlebsac<br />
saqarTveloSi aRaravin<br />
xmarobs. maTi ena Zalian hgavs<br />
Zveli herebis enas, dRes rom<br />
ingilour dialeqts veZaxiT. am<br />
bela CekuriSvili<br />
N2, 2009 55
56<br />
xalxisTvis qarTuli reliqviad<br />
ar qceula _ enas isev qarTulad<br />
idgamen. eTnikuri qarTvelebi<br />
fereidnis 14 sofelSi cxovroben,<br />
aqedan <strong>10</strong> sofelSi ki isini<br />
umravlesobas warmoad<strong>ge</strong>nen. maTi<br />
saerTo ricxvi 15-30 aTass aRwevs.<br />
said muliani, ispahanis universitetis<br />
fereidunSahris filialis profesori:<br />
qarTuli enis da tradiciebis<br />
mimarT interesi maSin gamimZafrda,<br />
roca ispahanis universitetis<br />
istoriis fakultetis studenti<br />
viyavi. Cemi disertaciis Tema iyo<br />
qarTvelTa roli iranis istoriaSi,<br />
kulturasa da civilizaciaSi.<br />
es iyo 200 sando wyaroze dayrdnobili<br />
naSromi da didad daafases<br />
iranelma istorikosebma.<br />
Semdeg is wignadac gamovida da<br />
qarTvelTa da iranelTa yurad-<br />
Reba miipyro. samwuxarod, es naSromi<br />
qarTulad Targmnili ar<br />
aris, rom yvelam icodes iranSi<br />
mcxovreb qarTvelebs rogori<br />
mniSvnelovani adgili hqoniaT<br />
saukuneebis manZilze. am wignma<br />
didi roli iTamaSa iranSi mcxovreb<br />
qarTvelebSi erovnulobis<br />
gacocxlebis saqmeSi. imisaTvis<br />
rom xalxma qarTuli wera-kiTxva<br />
iswavlos, saWiroa hqondeT Zalian<br />
Zlieri motivacia, unda<br />
gaigon, vin yofilan, vin arian<br />
da vin unda iyvnen. swored amis<br />
Semdeg gaxda SesaZlebeli qar-<br />
Tul-sparsuli TviTmaswavlebeli<br />
dedaenis Seqmna, rac Zalian<br />
rTuli iyo, radgan qarTuli ena<br />
Tavadac kargad ar vicodi.<br />
amitom jer erTi weli TviTon<br />
viswavle, rogorc SemeZlo.<br />
rodis daiwyeT am `dedaenaze~<br />
muSaoba da ramden<br />
xans gagrZelda es<br />
procesi?<br />
es iyo 2003 weli. gavakeTe iakob<br />
go<strong>ge</strong>baSvilis `dedaenis~ safuZvelze<br />
da qseroqsiT gavavrceleT.<br />
es sakmaod rTuli saqme iyo, erTi<br />
mxriv, ekonomikuri mdgomareobis<br />
gamo, meorec, qseroaslebis uxarisxobis<br />
gamo. magram amazec ki<br />
Zalian didi moTxovnileba iyo.<br />
dainteresdnen fereidneli<br />
qarTvelebi am wigniT?<br />
kiTxuloben?<br />
2004 wlidan 2008 wlamde mqonda<br />
sazafxulo qarTuli enis skola,<br />
riTac Zalian bevrma iswavla<br />
qarTuli wera-kiTxva. magram<br />
saWiro iyo kargi TviTmaswavleblis<br />
Seqmna. Zvel gamocdilebaze<br />
dayrdnobiT, axali meTodebisa<br />
da cnobebis mixedviT da Cemi<br />
Zmis, kaxas daJinebuli TxovniT<br />
da daxmarebiT Sevqmeni axali<br />
qarTul-sparsuli `dedaena~.<br />
iakob go<strong>ge</strong>baSvilis wignidan<br />
ra datoveT da ra SecvaleT?<br />
TviTmaswavlebeli, iranuli<br />
wesisamebr, iwyeba citatiT yuranidan<br />
alahis saxeliT da qarTul<br />
anbans sparsulic misdevs. sparsulSi<br />
ar arsebobs aso-b<strong>ge</strong>rebi:<br />
k, p, t, R, c, J, w, W, amitom am<br />
asoebs iqve miwerili aqvs sityvebi.<br />
magaliTad, w-s _ `wiwila~,<br />
rogorc sparsulad, aseve qar-<br />
Tulad. mocemulia agreTve ganmartebebi,<br />
Tu rogor unda waikiTxo<br />
es aso-b<strong>ge</strong>rebi. TviTmaswavlebeli<br />
qarTuli anbanis garda<br />
moicavs mcire gramatikas,<br />
andazebs da sasaubros:<br />
misalmeba-gacnobas, weliwadis<br />
droebs, kviris dReebs, saaTs,<br />
mgzavrobis Temas. Sesulia ramdenime<br />
leqsi da patara leqsikonic.<br />
TviTmaswavlebeli ZiriTadad<br />
iakob go<strong>ge</strong>baSvilis `dedaenis~<br />
safuZvelzea Sed<strong>ge</strong>nili, magram<br />
teqstSi bevri ram aris Secvlili<br />
_ iranuli Sinarsisaa, raTa ufro<br />
gasa<strong>ge</strong>bi yofiliyo. am wignze<br />
muSaobisas CemTvis Zalian mniSvnelovani<br />
iyo, rom rogorme patriotizmi<br />
da saqarTvelos mTlianobis<br />
idea Camedo. magaliTad,<br />
ramdenjerme ixsenieba teqstSi<br />
soxumi, afxazeTi, cxinvali da<br />
bevri sxva aseTi <strong>ge</strong>ografiuli<br />
saxeli.<br />
rodis gamovida wigni da<br />
visi mxardaWeriT?<br />
es wigni 2008 wels gamosca<br />
saqarTvelos diasporis saministrom<br />
da Tavisi srulyofilebis<br />
da maRali xarisxis gamo male<br />
gavrcelda fereidanSi da Zalian<br />
didi moTxovnilebaa masze. mar-<br />
Talia, kulturuli saqmis keTeba<br />
Zalian Znelia, gansakuTrebiT<br />
Cems viTarebaSi, magram Tavs bednierad<br />
vgrZnob, rom SemiZlia<br />
vemsaxuro Cems enas da ers, Tundac<br />
patara nabijebiT. Cemi cxovrebis<br />
ubednieresi wami maSin iyo,<br />
roca quCaSi saxlis safexurTan<br />
vnaxe 8 wlis bavSvi, romelic<br />
Cemi gakeTebuli TviTmaswavlebliT<br />
sxva bavSvebs aswavlida<br />
qarTul enas.
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