inkg~1-a

ni.ratla a (Motivation) ~uini;~n-riu~~u~~~uni.r~%n-riuvla~o~utusr~
a
1 ) na7uwni UIU (Effort)
2) ~ili~uiouorot6ni'l (organizational Goal) hat
3) ~I~Iu~QJ~I~ (Needs)
naluwniuiu (Effort) ~~~nuuinuorn-riuLLsr (Intensity) Ldoynnaenlala
nisiat~~n-riuwo~uiuuinbu ~~d.rz~uuorn-riuwe~u~~C;unndlJniiln'u~n~uo~a~~~i
91
uornis ~ ~ ~ ~ r ~ u ~ ~ o r n i . r n i ~ i n nPI - r ~ u w n i n ~ u ~ u ~ a i n
" h:
~l.rzIaaM'~uorn'nis nauun-riuwn~niu~r.n~orni.r~on-r-ruwn~n~udaonn~or
n~oldlufiarn~r~~u-r~u~~i~u~uuo~orn'nis
n-riuhrnis (Needs) ~u1n~~m~zm~~uuird5znl.rn"~i'bgn"~ad~$~~
inkg~1-a n-riu~lornisdlril6fun1snou~~arozriol$~fian-r1un'r~ninn drsr
nszRirasrCun~nluy
u d'
61
q nna ~~s~vuuatrinlfiiinwqZln.r.rulunisnlutsi~~itsu~u

odmu ~til~~o~n~or~u~i!inu~uuo~o~~nis
~ ~ I ~ ~ (Productivity) R w B R anF;d
d d
~duw~nd~uu~dnu~~~a~da~~~~~~"um:flidi~wmnu~ui~oui~ud
91 q ~wonarld
n?iu6odmmid&nu (Social Needs) r o~sld6

h:
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Y M Y ~ J (Hierarchy ~ ~ ~ B of J Needs ( A ' Theory)
Q ~ ~ I S
dub U drl
nq~nisod~odb~un3onn~mn~m~6bb~nq~~~i~uu"u~~dna~u
U k
bluoh u Abraham Maslow uyQiu+~ uVlr6!n qnuor~~i~$u
ao~naiuXo~nir 5 gu Imuduo
1) R?iu&dmmidiidnla (Physiological Needs)
2) ~~iu&~nis~?iuJaonnYU (Safety Needs)
3) ~?iu&dnimld8d~u (Social Needs)
~ilunnudia~nisnis~ou?u naiui'n nai~r~u~&uo~ucl~e\aiubilub~au
lY LI
4) ~aiu&dnisnisund~dpb~~no (Esteem Needs)

I I
dY
1) ~?HR?IU&U~I~~UWM~IH (Lower Order Needs) I $1
I 1
2) ~?wA?Iu~QYoJ~I~w~~~~~~u
(Higher Order Needs)
l6~i~n~iuGo~nirni~~~nu
w a
n~iu6o~nirnislrnria~rsuno
~rnrn~iu6o~nis
dsrrn~n?iurh~5olu$3n n~iuiia~nis~nriiifr8unismou~~o~n~iufi~wo1~n1u1u
'UQdUFlFlR
u t
2) ~tdarunn~ororiluhmuuuua~n~iuw'o~nisdrrmndi~$~
q PI k~o~lo
41
d~iui~nnauruoen~iuGo~nisuo~~nn~~d~
010~d811~150
d w w t
ruadnoudon~iun'aJnifuod~nynnn~ud~m m~uulu~iutuo~

~?lBJ~~dfIl3VIldiidniu (Physiologicai Needs)
1 ) %Hlll~ U?R(SOU~~~~~$~JI~~'~M"LMUI~QU
RQR~!~ (Safety ~eeds)
2) ann~s~iin~i,i~w~ciu~~a::ni~a~u16i~~~~n~s
(Downsizing)
Vd V nCLP
3) ~ ~ ~ M u ~ ~ I L L ~ (Directive ~ ~ I M Leadership) ~ u ~ I ~ LL~L~~URR~U
~
w w
u~iuiumunisudnur~'~m (Chain of command Policy)
f>
4) %~lfiddiunui U;?~W~ZIIQ~~IM (Job ~escri~ti'ons)
3
Cf ak LDU
mou anu (Compensation) f(~~~533a.1 ~ ~ a r i ~ a
Vd I
6) ~R~MURI
W A
Hqlni~
d
(Fringe Benefits) nLMU7~lu ,
!,
naiu~odmsniJ%nu (Social Needs)
1 ) H ~ qunisl$~~u?R~nqs$iditb~guflu
U
2) irnishsaon?iufi~w olhni sn"i9itb (Job Satisfaction) a did
~ilu'ituu
3) rjnn ~uriiri u (Task Group) .hnisdp~ ~~uditbIn sdnis (Project)
dl4 $M"uniwa h ~ i a
4) oklM"inl.iwLld~f l ~ 6 n ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ l ~ ~ ~ n ~ l ~ ' b ~
, .

I '
-
ma~u~aio~n~rn~sundo~uuoo (Esteem Needs)
5) ( L ~ d ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ n i ~ (Positive i ~ ~ ~ i Reinforcement
i ' ~ d ~ i d ~ ? ~
Program)
6) ~~~iu~u~adouwimuo~di~n~iw
iti~?uoomrn iClw6w
7) ~bzzuudfinui
ad
~niw~&uoddiw'ndiw w wn
8) diudin~uun~~usduuu~~dm~i~~6~~ni.r~wm~iun'i~~~
91
1 )

unnd 7 ri7'3,"4lo
nqwg X rrn:. Y (Theories X and Y)
Douglas McGregor ~~~RuQIIu?ARL~L~?~'~~~~R~?'
2 LLU~RR
/
,
1016 ibu?tim
usnozuo~ynnaIuniuau isan41 nqlrj x "onuu?~m~~3c~ozuor~%ia1u67uu?n
- n
isunii nqaj Y ~~u~Am&niauioinnis~nmnisJsrwqGd~unsz~ii~
$ 5 ~ 1 bbazd(rUd

\nraadlusi~zynn~ nqwg Y $~~yfisiuii n ? i ~ $ o d n i (Higher u Order
'.
Needs) -\ nrabhnciezqnnfl ~ ckre~or ~ ~ ~ I ~ L ~ Q I I J O ~ RY U d ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ O J
x ~ ~~~u~unirrii~iu~~n~~~M"wGn~iw~d~ui~
u r n * cdu
u b:
~vqwR'~7rn"inq~~
iln~iuruwmaoulwiu rii~iu#viiniu uRriinqiusiuw'uanmrzHi~dniu &~vdid
oz~~u~~~~lolunirrii~luvo~wrin~iu
U
nqwg z ~heory Z)
urYa udh
firuonqwguno
U william Ouchi nqw~~~~lu?n?1u~~~iwra'n~l~n~~
diwiohniroon uuu~i~n'~~iri~ ma ~~~uni~~ud;~~J~zQn^aniw~unirrii~iw'bm
o
~%q~arqruniw
d d a rnd
(Quality Circle) r~oouluaani~~d~~o~niru^r~ir~~w~~~d
(Participative Management) viin r$u~airlfloni dwnisrii~iuuri w$qdiu ni
~iuirnrii~id~uni~nul%~~o.rqaniw
~uni~C(ozrz~anzi~nriz~~~nrrusiir 7
~n%~inoida Frederick Harzberg ~ ~ f l l n i ~ ~ i 5 ~ ~ ~ ,ddy n nncl i n u ~ ~ ~ ~ d d i
~~oli~il~~ii~n~iuii~~ni~~"rog~i~ld$io~ni~iiw
oinw~niriiunsdldi
q
ii 8nlmruzv od~iwuid odid fiunii iloFodiyin ~#7
SoC~owiah
u d
(Hygiene Factors) riifllwrz~unld
(Maintenance Factors) M?Q
~vui-au ocdh~wra'n~iuriimm
* u
lrlflewololunisriwiu nisu~wu~iloaitdis~r"n~ozldmu~~n~~lowM'n~iuldi
q nir
dozpta w~ndiuhd~.a"~o~tl~d~o
(Motivation Factors) ddl[$ari CI?~U~QJ~IS
. tlrzcrun7iuct.i rioluqi! (self-~ctup~ization) ~ u n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ u n ~
Maslow
' I

Q ~ G EJilsinm J (Maintenance Factors) H~D~~Q$UOI(I$EJ (Hyglene
Factors) lkbn' aniw l l7~6~~~~nifvfidi~
Q fh

unA 7
nisih%riuatlo U (Motivation Factors) iq~Cunis~imilaCudfli'br?"diu~d tduddt
wyla mu~so~tlal~~nnadfiu~.~i~lmu~wan~srlfiu~tiul&
M ~ W ~ ~ 41 I ~ Q J q ~i1QQ~H(~ontern~orar~
~ O q ~ H U
Theories of
Motivation)
I ~
w L ~ V d d w a d $ 1
n~~nisatIaIuqn~a~uuum3u~u~aiun~w~
qI uci~&MudntMdoununou ' I
unn~iudd~w'~r~uuu~~m~~odn~~~t~diu'
nq~n~s2dht~diu'tbddoon~~u 1 I
1
ERG Theory I
McClelland's Theory of ~eeds
I
I
Goal-Setting Theory
I
1
Reinforcement Theory
\ I
I Equity Theory
Expectancy Theory
ERG Theory /I
Clayton Alderfer ~ ~ t u ~ l ~ n ~ 16~in~lrijh~uu"~11~dn3lu6~dnl~
l ~ u t u n
god Maslow u ~ ~ m t t ~ ~ ~ d~mu~6tt~~n~i~6odnis~~~un~~ t t f l ~ ~ ~ ~ b i
q 3
dsrbslnffo ,
d
1) R ? ~ v & J ~ ~ ~ ~ w Q R (Existence ? ~ u Q ~ Needs)
~ D ~
I
I
I
1

3) n?iuR'odnis~oiryi (Growth Needs)
ERG ~d~&d~naiuh'o~nisuo~ynnaoon~flu$u~ triu~rtdrtlianalunjdni.juoa
unn~oontilw
q 3 dsztnn ~ ~udud~:~nnaniui.inda:$1naiu6o~ni~~
naiuR'o~nisluuztuau tdu uq nns~if~6~~ni~naiu$~~nista~~
ucuzCinaiu~o~nistw'on?iuo~somn~~naiu6~'a~ni~naiu~uw'u~'k~d~~
nou~uo~I$~Annaiufl~wola nioynna~uoiadnaiu~'a~nisn'J 3 d3:mnlu
ucu:tfluan't6n"l6
odio~sn'aiunq~ij
4d-P
ERG nuunuodnaiuldnunR-ni3nmn ou (Frustration -
Regression Dimension) ndiaflaainnqu~ii~u$uu ~9nalu6~9nl~u~ Maslow
ynnnoca ~ludi~uuo~naiun'o~nislus:5u~m3,:5u~d~ euniinaiu6o~nis~u-a:
~~ni.raounuod~~~6?u~aiu~d~~~a
udnqui ERG adrinqiu t Aums~%iu In LI

unnd 7
ndi+rii rdon~iudio~nislwszCudB~niildl6~~n~iu~u~?'~
qnnclazr6unqiu
~'o~nislurz~ud~iniirrwud rdu o'ininmddl6~un1sslou~~o~n1~~~nu n"azdi
~~inin~iudiatnisr~uvisocii~ourrnudrduiu nion'o~nisaniwrr~nR'aulunis
r!i~iud;

"d rY
da:fli~iul~nuudaiid.ir riou ~s7~~t)n~s~uuuji
L. Y
naiun'o~nis$na~uffi~"ro nAch) oin w nnir%t)ua~
McClelland ~(uiiqnnsd&o~nisnai
s~n~an~Swas~druin'o~nisdor~~~
ynnndn'o~nimaiuh~"ro~~~ou~iM6gin'n~mzn~u
91 no
U Y a
el
Lfl~Jl~n~iul~~?~f
n"IIou~7~~)sLoJ (Personal Responsibility) kdu nis
u2;luilry~idrfin$uhnaurac a .
e del
duaarn'ouna'u (Feedback) icl~nidfju3~1u n~~~wanamnu'l~i~w
dfliIful6inis~auid?u
vcrcy
d~~l~nusa~"roI
q J
~iudfliIfu~naiurdRo~diunb~7~ (Moderate Risks)
unn~dn'o~nisnaiuh~io u3i~idl~i ~~a~ui?uiiilanidunis
d
q 13oi 50
91
sii~riaouciud~it)~AuId
fli~iuuu~~ussnnai~~i
~naiu~niuunz~daou~~cbduin ~fiuId
~dacoin\ri
~sd~siii~nnndn'o~nisnai~th~5~~~aou~iudiiCn~mz~~~~
q l 91
nw~a~ iiun~~unii unziinaiuri'u~~iunm
~ J & L M ~ I ~ ~ ~ 91 L ~ ~ W A J ~ J I P I K
d~u'iiiriid~~u~s~i~"r~
oinnis~~~u4iq~n~#6o~n~s~aiu1i~
d d
dszaunaiu~i~~o~unisfli~~un~nu~u'ot~unistilur~iuo~
(Entrepreneurial
Activities) LJU nis~iki(u~~~odau~a~~~ni~
u"ri1f ~d711~1u~asi 11~ua~6ni'l
2) R-~IU~QY~J~I~~IUIJ (Need for Power)
q

- C
an:nis~6uidd bn%~n~~~o~nnn~winniinis~M"n~iud~~~ttriernn~~d~u
dljdsz~n5niw
3) a?lu&~dnl3~?i~yn% (Need for Afflllatlon)
Goal-Setting Theory
hda~dniunras3ud 1960 Edwin Locke i~auottu.rhii n??u$dla~unis
~idiut~o~M"uss~tdi~uiutut~uu~ddlt.iniyu~.~uu?unisod~o~~did~u
91 nhq6o
tdi~uiurttduGauan~KwCnciunsiuiilin~iu~oia~nisor~.rd6~~di URL~~JH ,
n~iuwuiuiutriiI~ tsi~i~isnndi?~n'-iitdi~uiudta~ittoizodozt~u wnnis
~~~GJIu ~~i~uiuduin
~r~u~liioiutnii~~i~uiudiiu qisiiwn~zounR'u
dl A
dfju?didtduuu tuo~Fiuu%niddiiwnatn'ounn"u ,
anr~~iunisuouiu~in~Cn~iuordw~$il~nis
(Feedback) ozJi'hJ iwnnis .
d a d
tdi~ulud~lntt~zta~i:toizod~i~~~:~u~~~~~n~d~u
PI
tlli~uiun'i q Id dndiqil v$i'l~nn~nw
ud d
q ~nuC(tdi~u~udta~izt'il'izo~ozdi~~"id
tClwRinscciumulu
q fiodidtdu Cnlnw2ia~nisrouiai~q~ns~uunnn~u~~6nis
q
I~Yninsn
d
G d~n~i~~~l~~~tdil~"~n~nw~~i3~~ui~duriuoud6o'o~nis
q
- 9,- 8
h n~uuCndnw~'w"'ilziiwn~iu~onuiiiniiun~nwdI~d~ili~uiuduciu~u
91 sou
dl a
,

nirnl~~s~flri~ln'unaiumhrn (Ability) ~Rmi3u~u?ul~fl7n'~l~i~~ifl
~?~uiloCtln~A m~iui.inniial'li i;~lal~ul~ii~~l~tlln~itldl~
iiordil$-iz6u
~odu~nird j~~~iua~~~miuldhu
PI od~~lriim~r~ii~~~w~do::liu~w~~
1flinuitldditlniidaul6?uni~nauiuuinni1~~1~u1edu~n udrd owlindiu
uouiu~iudtlinuh nin'otl$naiuw tlitli~lu~z5u~~~w on~tl~~iu~uu~~qu~
hfiq n+ounqun~iuojiniid& niooioorK~ciuifu~~
n un wal A'
Um~i~i~ndstdJ)um~iu~~~
n'i~rin~iu~~n?~uua~tn'oun~u
b ci
(Feedback) ~~~1~~i~iuisndszsl~ao~ou~n'ii~iudruiriiuuun?iufianri7
rfio~la
w d
d d
~SoJqinuRHt6oun~uiUOtrBUmanuanl$n3iuii~n?iu~mn(iid3:niid~dd
rui1i?i1dn'u&dni6odni~dotfli odi~~sn"ni~w~~tn'oun~u6(t~n~u1nu&
YnnaLod
9 (self-generated Feedback) ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ U & $ ~ ~ O ~ U D ~ P ~ R ~ I
dcim
U d
~zn'ounR~nlfifl~ln~~~tlnitl~~n
(Externally Generated Feedback)
n'ininm~~wCn~iufiniaiihui~a~uni.i~~~ilinuitluh naiuwtliuiu
luninlfiu3~iusttduu'u~"~o1ai w~~inn?~?Olwuii~Uu~dl6 2 n.iGlo w~i7~iud
dd A'
~ r i ? ~ f ~ ~ ~ ~ n l 3 & l ~ l ~ ~ ~ ( l it l ~ ~ l 1~ 1 n ~ ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ C~ n~ d l 1 ~ ~
vd b w ~ l d
nciidl6: hninuiiJn'yuiyai~Buunm~~Qin~i~(t$
PI 91 Ain?ulyamnl6qinni~l$
w~ndiu~~'?uf?u~wni~R"d~~inui~n"~~
dbA' d
fli~$w~ndiu~ou?udo~ilinuitlnn~uuad
~C~JI~IJ~U~.~~~QIM~ILIC~
iiwafii~$~nnun'otw tli~iudst~
0inni3d~.iin~iu
Y
uhii~~inuiudtlinoti~~ll'wCn~iwr~nni~d~6iu;~inni1~~in~itldditl
RjliUn'i
w d
ninml$wui7~iuiirhui~u'buni~~~~i3i~ui~ nin"stiiau~Iuunstnou?u~ilinuitl
A'
$u ~ii~au'iirilinuio~u~~~~nuinniirilinuiu~riinunuuIntle~"~'~~u~ya
PI
~n~w~~~ow~n~iu~z~naiu~nw'un'~
ni~lonknidhdunizfiinum n~uuni.rii
ri?ui~u~itnizri~nun~~~nuiuii~t~~u~oni~d~ili~uitldtlin~~ij~
h1d ddllKursqiwqd3t~d6
d d
sinuu?6wuod Goal-setting Theory nndiaji L~I~UI~~UI~LL~J~LQWI~
ddA'
~airodothWd~~nifd~~15diunnuu
PI ainnislnwwuiiiiiYsGu$n - 3 &IF~U~CWR
u e cI u d'
donaiuci~wusstniid~ilinuitl1~~~~ni3d~)u~~iu
RJU
-
u b

.i-p?#+~~ , u+n$7
1) ~a1~~nWi(%u&fl~~uie (Goal Commitment)
Goal-setting Theory ~ua~~~iuda~~~i1rjll
9 d4 ;fin ~~~nal%Jwn~f%
91
tllmiliu ndia~onioebatCi;rfli~1~;1a M% amstn'uu QJ rlli~uiuw ns6&ndi-i
\
2 d
~lania6orriimuuuln
rfli~uia~u~~ds::nifidommfm'~~u
t d
unnnu~una~u~~o~lrui~luis~~na~~ui::mi~~mu~~m
q (Internal
Locus of Control)
dtrY
~lli~uia~u~durili~uiunm~uu~a~uinniirdurili~ui~ldI~?uuou~
Ul
efficacy)
I
A' d
6imfi self-efficacy ~ 4 morinaiuulufou~nuuiirsifinaiuniu~snno::
%
u r t :
ilju~~iutu~~us.r~wafiir"roIm sl4uuis~orwuii~u~iu~i~odi~c(er~n ;nnnb(ii
Self-efficacy 4-1 (Low Self-afficacy)r: ~::iau?lwunot~mnaiuw uiuia~~unisfii~iu
t rl !*. d cr
u d
M+oQloor finriiciuuu ~ uu~znvfl~~nu
self-efficacy RJ 91 (High self-efficacy) Q:
1~aiuweitliuuin~uIun1~~i~i~b~t6~noin~u~~wuii
;nnadfi self-efficacy !J
o::mouauo~dowan::rloun~~A~~;~baw (Negative Feedback) ~m3urnsri$~naiu
- d a
w~~~iul~nis~i~iur~a~~duni'r~~Zo
Iuuru::d;an alii Self-efficacy dl o::
mo~auo~downa::~~unaunriJ~.a~~sl~rlli~nmfiai~wuiu~u~unisfl~~i~a
d
Goal-setting Theory o::~fl6~~uiJsrmfi~~~?$oru^sni~~a::~~ntb1mi
rwodoin
o~~~enaudrh~~uo~n~~~d1o~n~o~n"u7"~u~ssuuo~~~:
rtoaoin
crdh
nqwguuauqft~iuii
;A i
$fi~n'u~ai~naiu~~u6~'i::~unis~i~~u
(Power Distant ii) ~ui~iru~::~l.ilib~~~~a~aeura~~ir111~u~ud5na
%I
(7 .A (Uncertainty Avoidanb 41) "
$128 GM425
* II J

, (Quantity of Life fd)
u t: da u
ndutb2udfzrnarnuan~nr:~wu~rau drzrnfln~i'o ruiniusz
1 Lld
rrnuini r.dudrrm~~dsslrnn~~a~a
q mndwaomia~~dlHi nirJi Goal-setting
Ad&
Theory ldl~nin~hwCn~iuoioldt%.~~ddwani~d~u%~~unn~u
91 U
Reinforcement Theory
nqrrjdeiitein Goal-setting Theory dii Goal-setting Theory rilunqw$d
$ni~Ri unaiu ~ filo (Cognitive Approach) dau Reinforcement Theory LO unqg
d+ni~6iuwqiinrru (Behavioristic Approach) ndia~onirrniur~rdo~~~u
siafii~wnwqGnrru uuaiin~o~nir~a'nisrn5uur~ni~uan (Positive
Reinforcement) r ~u~akh~vodnqw~nif~d~o~~i~
qnqwj nislriirrcrniudrii
l$rfinna~uGj~wak
t: "d
U~~~~G~Q~IN&~ZUR~~~W~G~~~UMMIIQ~
q usifinisk$rrrdtku
a u
IiriaI$~finnaiuW"~woIo Ion~adunnao:rrra~wq~nrru~iuuanIuvnrcd
q
wqinnu~~~ilddnis~ouruo~dld~O~~~w
U o~oi~oni~~'oud'ilz~~nii lunisla'
n~rr~urrr~r~ol~'riwasiow~lnssul~ouinmvo~wCnin~iu~~
~u3~inzR'a~udko.ji
u d u8 PI
noaclnl~uuurii~~artflu~6o~nisuo~w~'n~i~a~~eiat:n~
~6o~sinrnn~usinnqw$
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rrnndi~ik 6~~uri~ia~oz1~~~ilo~dnisfioisnrirw'adrzl~~~uiztru~unaiu
R'a~nirvo~wCn~iur~~clzn~ kuui~n~~moiodnir~ini~~~u~~r~n
rdu
ni~~$~fi8~~6~~~r~~~n~i~~ifii~indni~~i~~itb~n~n
( 91
w^rirnril~~onoin~iu rOu6u
Equity Theory

ud d
J~u"wodi~~~usrsu ud~i dnngii kndauu"u~~~uild~~in'uuo~wou.acn~t%iui
91
iini~d%u~fi~~u ~r~i~~~~ib~~n?iu~~~~i~um~in~?iu~~/i~
(sd6 91 7.2) J.
Stacy Adarns 16bl~uaku?~nl?ii~bli?::uodnai~#d ~n"aumdb~ualjw"~rdo~~i~iim
us~~~1adarvi~~~ln6d~dd~uni~fii~~fi?i~#d~n"runfld
oinuflnis~nlr.ii~uwuiji ~dbid~ddwM"ndiut~and~~i"u~~b"~u~abbddc(
naiuh@lu Equity theory ~nrn~isn~~~~$n~mtuo~~~~i~~d~6~i
4 R'narurRo
I) self - Inside
bfiW
' L ~ ~ ~ b ~ d ~ d L ~ t l V f l d 1 ~ ~ ~ d l b b t r ( ~ d d ~ b l 7 ~ ~ ~ ~ d ~ n l ~ b 0 ' 1 b
2) self - outslde
I+~u~o~4c~nu~fi~iuIua~~nimsdu~~sa~~~fiuu
16uu
3) other - inside
~+unnaduniuluo~n'nistOu&~fiuu~fisu
q
I

unk 7 n7~yZw
4) other - outslde
I3u~lnmduniuuan
q
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