KNOW YOUR PLANTS - California Poison Control System
KNOW YOUR PLANTS - California Poison Control System
KNOW YOUR PLANTS - California Poison Control System
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
<strong>KNOW</strong> <strong>YOUR</strong> <strong>PLANTS</strong>!<br />
CONTENTS<br />
• Introduction<br />
• What to do for a plant poisoning<br />
NON-TOXIC <strong>PLANTS</strong><br />
• Non-toxic plant information (including information about using tables to identify<br />
plants dangerous to pets)<br />
• Table 1. Non toxic plant list (alphabetical using common names)<br />
• Table 2. Non toxic plant list (alphabetical using Latin or scientific names)<br />
TOXIC <strong>PLANTS</strong><br />
• Introduction<br />
• How to use this toxic plant list<br />
• Toxic plant rating guide<br />
• What to do for a plant poisoning<br />
• Table 3. Toxic plant list (alphabetical using common names)<br />
• Table 4. Toxic plant list (alphabetical using Latin or scientific names)<br />
• References<br />
Introduction<br />
Plants are a major cause of poisoning in children under the age of 6 years. Nationally,<br />
almost 8 out of 10 plant ingestions occur in young children. But children are not the only<br />
victims of plant poisoning—adults, pets and farm animals can also be exposed to plants.<br />
To prevent accidents, be aware of the potential dangers of plants.<br />
The common names of plants can refer to several different species. Some may be safe<br />
and some may be dangerous. It is important to know which species you have and to<br />
check both the non-toxic plant list as well as the toxic plant list to make sure the plant<br />
you have is safe.<br />
Each situation is unique. Reactions to plants can depend on factors such as the age and<br />
size of the patient, health factors such as allergies and the amount of the exposure.<br />
Always call the poison center for up-to-the-minute treatment advice.<br />
It is essential to know the names of the plants in your house and in your yard. Keep the<br />
name tags that come with new plants attached for future identification. If your child is<br />
being cared for at a relative’s house or daycare, it is important to know if they have<br />
dangerous plants to which your child could be exposed.<br />
However, you must have a name of the plant (either the common name or the Latin<br />
name) to get the most reliable specific information. <strong>Poison</strong> center staff cannot identify<br />
plants over the phone from the description of the plant. There are over 1000,000 species<br />
of plants. A call to the poison center about an unknown plant described as having big
shiny green leaves is not enough information to know what the plant is. If you do not<br />
know the name of the plant, take the plant or a part of the plant with leaves, berries or<br />
flowers to a reputable plant nursery for a positive identification. Try to get the common<br />
name and the Latin scientific name. Then call the <strong>California</strong> <strong>Poison</strong> <strong>Control</strong> <strong>System</strong> at<br />
1-800-222-1222 for more help.<br />
This is a guide to safe plants but it should not be used as a substitute for calling the<br />
poison center if a person or an animal has eaten a plant. The <strong>California</strong> <strong>Poison</strong> <strong>Control</strong><br />
<strong>System</strong> is available 24 hours a day by calling 1-800-222-1222. If you are not in<br />
<strong>California</strong>, call 1-800-222-1222 to be connected to your nearest poison control center.<br />
WHAT TO DO FOR A PLANT POISONING<br />
• Do NOT induce vomiting.<br />
• Remove any plant parts from the mouth or hands.<br />
• Wash around the mouth and hands and give a few sips of water.<br />
• Check for any irritation of the skin, mouth or tongue.<br />
• Call the <strong>California</strong> <strong>Poison</strong> <strong>Control</strong> <strong>System</strong> at 1-800-222-1222<br />
• Even if you are not sure, call the poison center for help. It will not be as waste of<br />
time.<br />
• Do not wait for symptoms to appear. Treatment will be more difficult once<br />
symptoms have developed.<br />
• If you are advised to go to the hospital, take the plant or part of the plant with you.<br />
NON-TOXIC <strong>PLANTS</strong><br />
The plants in this list are considered to be safe to humans. This list is in two parts. The<br />
first list is alphabetical by common name and the second list is alphabetical by Latin or<br />
scientific name.<br />
Keep in mind that even non-toxic plants can cause vomiting in humans and animals. Also<br />
children can choke on a plant piece and have gagging or choking.<br />
Some plants that are not a problem to humans can be a problem for animals. The plant<br />
names that are listed in bold typeface are known to be dangerous to animals (dogs and<br />
cats). Because dogs, especially, will eat large amounts, it is important to keep pets and<br />
these plants apart.<br />
Table 1. – Nontoxic Plants by Common Name<br />
A<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Abelia Abelia spp<br />
Abutilon hemp Abutilon theophrasti<br />
Acacia Albizia julibrisson<br />
Acanthus Acanthus spp
African daisy Dimorphotheca pluvialis<br />
African daisy Gerbera jamesonii<br />
African iris Dietes spp<br />
African violet Saintpaulia ionantha<br />
Aglaonema Aglaonema spp<br />
Air plant Kalanchoe pinnata<br />
Ajuga Ajuga remota or Ajuga reptans<br />
Albizia Albizia<br />
Alder, black Viburnum spp<br />
Alpine goldflower or Alpine<br />
sunflower<br />
Hymenoxys grandiflora<br />
Althea Hibiscus spp<br />
Aluminum plant Pilea cadierei<br />
Alumroot Heuchera sanguinea<br />
Alyssum Alyssum spp<br />
Alyssum, sweet Lobularia maritima<br />
American chestnut Castanea spp<br />
American olive Osmanthus americanus<br />
American sweet gum Liquidambar styraciflua<br />
Amylum Maranta spp<br />
Angel wing begonia Begonia coccinea<br />
Angel’s tears Soleirolia soleirolii<br />
Anise Myrrhis odorata<br />
Anise root Osmorhiza longistylis<br />
Aphelandra Aphelandra spp<br />
Aralia Dizygotheca elegantissima<br />
Arbutus Arbutus unedo<br />
Areca palm Chrysalidocarpus lutescens<br />
Aregelia Neoragelia spp<br />
Arrowroot Maranta spp<br />
Artillery plant Pilea spp<br />
Artist's acanthus Acanthus spp<br />
Ash, mountain Sorbus spp<br />
Asparagus fern Asparagus densiflorus cv sprengeri<br />
Asparagus fern Asparagus setaceus<br />
Aspen Populus spp<br />
Aspidistra Aspidistra spp
Aster, annual Callistephus chinensis<br />
Aster, giant Townsendia sericea<br />
Astilbe Astilbe japonica<br />
Australian laurel Pittosporum tobira<br />
Australian nut Macadamia spp<br />
Australian umbrella tree Brassaia actinophylla<br />
Australian umbrella tree Schefflera actinophylla<br />
B<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Baby jade Crassula argentea<br />
Baby sun rose Aptenia cordifolia<br />
Baby sun rose Mesembryanthemum cordifolium<br />
Baby’s breath Gypsophila paniculata<br />
Baby’s tears Hypoestes phyllostachya<br />
Baby’s tears Soleirolia soleirolii<br />
Baby's toes Fenestraria rhapalophylla<br />
Bachelor buttons Centaurea cyanus<br />
Balloon flower Platycodon grandiflorus<br />
Balloon vine Cardiospermum halicacabum<br />
Balm Molucella spp<br />
Balsam Impatients spp<br />
Balsam tree Abies balsamea<br />
Bamboo bush Nandina domestica<br />
Bamboo palm Chamaedorea spp<br />
Bamboo, common Phyllostachys aurea<br />
Basket lily Hermocallis spp<br />
Basket plant or vine Aeschynanthus spp<br />
Bayberry Aeschynanthus spp<br />
Bayberry Myrica pensylvanica<br />
Bead vine Crassula rupestris<br />
Bear’s breech Acanthus spp<br />
Beauty berry Callicarpa spp<br />
Beauty bush Kolkwitzia amabilis<br />
Beech, American Fagus spp<br />
Begonia cissus Cissus spp<br />
Begonia, iron cross Begonia goegoensis
Bell flower Platycodon grandiflorus<br />
Bellflower Campanula spp<br />
Bells of Ireland Moluccella spp<br />
Bigleaf palm Fatsia japonica<br />
Billbergia Aechmea marmorata<br />
Billbergia Quesnelia spp<br />
Birch tree Betula spp<br />
Bird’s nest fern Asplenium nidus<br />
Bishop’s cap or Bishop's hood Astrophytum spp<br />
Bishop's elder or Bishop's weed Aegopodium podagraria<br />
Bitter pecan Carya spp<br />
Bitternut Carya spp<br />
Black beech Nothofagus spp<br />
Black-eyed Susan vine Thunbergia alata<br />
Blazing star Liatris spp<br />
Bleeding heart Clerodendrum spp<br />
Bleeding heart vine Clerodendrum spp<br />
Bloodleaf plant Iresine spp<br />
Blue bottle Centaurea cyanus<br />
Blushing bromeliad Aregelia spp<br />
Blushing bromeliad Neoregelia spp<br />
Border grass Liriope muscari<br />
Boston fern Nephrolepis spp<br />
Bottle gourd Lagenaria siceraria<br />
Bottle palm Beaucarnea recurvata<br />
Bottle tree Brachychiton spp<br />
Bottlebrush Callistemon spp<br />
Brain plant Calathea makoyana<br />
Brassaia Brassaia actionophylla<br />
Breath of spring Lonicera fragrantissima<br />
Breath-of-heaven Coleonema ericoides<br />
Breath-of-heaven Diosma ericoides<br />
Bride’s flower Stephanotis floribunda<br />
Bride's bonnet Clintonia uniflora<br />
Bright eyes Sinningia speciosa<br />
Brodiaea Dichelostemma pulchellum<br />
Bromeliad king Vriesea hieroglyphica
Broom palm Coccothrinax argentea<br />
Buddleia Buddleia davidii<br />
Bunchberry Cornus canadensis<br />
Burro’s tail Sedum morganianum<br />
Busy Lizzy Impatients spp<br />
Butterfly bush Buddleia davidii<br />
Butterfly flower Schizanthus spp<br />
Butterfly ginger Hedychium coronarium<br />
Butterfly iris Spuria spp<br />
Butterfly lily Hedychium coronarium<br />
Butterfly palm Chrysalidocarpus lutescens<br />
Butterfly pea Centrosema virginianum<br />
Button fern Pellaea rotundifolia<br />
Buttons on a string Crassula rupestris<br />
Buzy Lizzie Impatiens spp<br />
C<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Cabbage kale Brassica oleracea<br />
Cabbage tree Cordyline australis<br />
Cactus (except for thorns) Cactaceae<br />
Calathea Calathea spp<br />
Calendula Calendula officinalis<br />
<strong>California</strong> bayberry Myrica californica<br />
<strong>California</strong> bluebell Phacelia sericea<br />
<strong>California</strong> poppy Eschscholzia californica<br />
<strong>California</strong> wax myrtle Myrica californica<br />
Callistemon Callistemon spp<br />
Camellia Camellia japonica<br />
Camellia Thea japonica<br />
Campanula Campanula spp<br />
Campion Silene acaulis<br />
Campion, moss or mossy Silene acualis<br />
Canary date palm Phoenix canariensis<br />
Candle plant Plectranthus oetendahlii<br />
Candleberry Myrica pensylvanica<br />
Cane apple Arbutus unedo
Cane palm Chrysalidocarpus lutescens<br />
Canna lily Canna generalis<br />
Canterbury bell Campanula spp<br />
Canterbury-bell gloxinia Gloxinia perennis<br />
Cape honeysuckle Tecomaria capensis<br />
Cape jasmine Gardenia jasminoides<br />
Cape marigold Dimorphotheca pluvialis<br />
Cape primrose Streptocarpus spp<br />
Cardinal flower Gesneria spp<br />
Cardinal flower Rechsteineria cardinalis<br />
Cardinal flower Sinningia cardinalis<br />
Carob Ceratonia siliqua<br />
Carob tree Ceratonia siliqua<br />
Carob tree Jacaranda procera<br />
Carpet bugle Ajuga spp<br />
Casa blanca lily Lilium spp<br />
Cast iron plant Aspidistra elatior<br />
Cat tail Typha latifolia<br />
Catalpa Catalpa spp<br />
Cathedral bells Cobaeae scandens<br />
Cathedral windows Calathea makoyana<br />
Cedar pine Pinus glabra<br />
Celosia Celosia spp<br />
Chain of love Antigonon leptopus<br />
Chain plant Tradescantia navicularis<br />
Checker lily Fritillaria spp<br />
Chenille plant, maroon Echeveria spp<br />
Chestnut, sweet Castanea spp<br />
Chia Salvia columbariae<br />
Chickens and hens or Chicks and hens Echeveria spp<br />
Chicks and hens Sempervivum tectorum<br />
China doll Leea spp<br />
China doll Radermachera sinica<br />
China rose Hibiscus spp<br />
Chinese evergreen Aglaonema modestum<br />
Chinese hackberry Celtis sinensis<br />
Chinese hibiscus Hibiscus spp
Chinese holly Osmanthus heterophyllus<br />
Chinese tulip tree Liriodendron chinense<br />
Chocolate soldier Episcia cupreata<br />
Chokeberry Aronia spp<br />
Christmas cactus Schlumbergera bridgesii<br />
Christmas dagger fern Polystichum spp<br />
Christmas flower Euphorbia pulcherrima<br />
Christmas kalanchoe Kalanchoe blossfeldiana<br />
Christmas star Euphorbia pulcherrima<br />
Cinderella slippers Sinningia pusilla<br />
Cinquefoil Potentilla spp<br />
Clarkia Clarkia spp<br />
Cleome Cleome spp<br />
Clianthus Clianthus spp<br />
Climbing begonia Cissus discolor<br />
Cloche Campanula spp<br />
Clustered wax flower Stephanotis floribunda<br />
Cobra lily or Cobra plant Darlingtonia californica<br />
Cockscomb Celosia spp<br />
Coleus Coleus spp<br />
Columbine Aquilegia spp<br />
Column of pearls Haworthia chalwinii<br />
Common balm Melissa offinalis<br />
Common myrtle Myrtus communis<br />
Compass flower Hymenoxys grandiflora<br />
Cone flower, purple Rudbeckia purpurea<br />
Coneflower Echinacea spp<br />
Coral beads Sedum stahlii<br />
Coral bells Heuchera sanguinea<br />
Coral bells Kalanchoe uniflora<br />
Coral berry Ardisia spp<br />
Coral vine Antigonon leptopus<br />
Cordyline Cordyline spp<br />
Coreopsis Coreopsis californica<br />
Corn lily Clintonia borealis<br />
Cornflower Centaurea cyanus<br />
Cornplant Dracaena fragrans
Cornstalk plant Dracaena fragrans<br />
Cosmos Cosmos spp<br />
Cottongum tree Nyssa aquatica<br />
Cottonwood Populus spp<br />
Coxcomb Celosia spp<br />
Crape myrtle or crepe myrtle Lagerstroemia indica<br />
Crassula Crassula spp<br />
Crataegus Crataegus spp<br />
Creeping charlie Pilea nummulariifolia<br />
Creeping charlie Plectranthus australis<br />
Creeping fig Ficus spp<br />
Creeping gloxinia Maurandia spp<br />
Creeping Jenny or Creeping Joan Lysimachia nummularia<br />
Creeping nettle Soleirolia soleirolii<br />
Creeping zinnia Sanvitalia spp<br />
Crimson cup Aregelia spp<br />
Crimson cup Neoregelia spp<br />
Crocus, spring blooming ONLY Crocus spp<br />
Crossandra Crossandra spp<br />
Crotolaria Crotolaria ramosissima<br />
Cruel plant Cynanchum spp<br />
Cup and saucer plant Gilia spp<br />
Cup-and-saucer vine Cobaeae scandens<br />
Curiosity plant Tolmiea menziesii<br />
Cushion pink Silene acualis<br />
D<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Dagger plant Yucca spp<br />
Dahlia Dahlia spp<br />
Dandelion Taraxacum officinale<br />
Daphne, October Sedum sieboldii<br />
Day lily Hermocallis spp<br />
Deer's tongue Liatris spp<br />
Dipper gourd Lagenaria siceraria<br />
Dogwood, flowering Cornus florida<br />
Donkey’s-tail Sedum morganianum
Double rose of china Hibiscus spp<br />
Dracaena Cordyline spp<br />
Dracaena Dracaena spp<br />
Dracaena queen Dracaena goldieana<br />
Dracaena, blue Cordyline spp<br />
Dracaena, blue Dracaena spp<br />
Dracaena, fountain Cordyline spp<br />
Dracaena, giant Cordyline spp<br />
Dracaena, giant Dracaena australis<br />
Dracaena, lance Pleomele thaliodes<br />
Dracaena, Malaysian Pleomele reflexa<br />
Dracaena, striped Dracaena deremensis<br />
Dragon lily, painted Dracaena fragrans<br />
Dragon tree Dracaena draco<br />
Dusty miller Lynchnis coronaria<br />
Dusty miller Senecio cineraria<br />
Dutch crocus, spring blooming ONLY Crocus spp<br />
Dwarf palm Chamaedorea elegans<br />
Dwarf royal palm Veitchia merrillii<br />
Dwarf schefflera Schefflera arboricola<br />
E<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Easter flower Euphorbia pulcherrima<br />
Easter lily Lilium longiflorum<br />
Echeveria Echeveria spp<br />
Echinacea Echinacea spp<br />
Elephant’s ear Bergenia cordifolia<br />
Elephant’s ear Enterolobium cyclocarpum<br />
Elephant’s ear fern Platycerium angolense<br />
Elephant’s foot Dioscorea elephantipes<br />
Elephant's ear Saxifraga cordifolia<br />
Elk's horn Platycerium spp<br />
Emerald feather or Emerald fern Asparagus densiflorus cv sprengeri<br />
English bluebell Endymion non-scriptus<br />
English lavender Lavandula spp<br />
Escallonia Escallonia spp
Eugenia Eugenia cyanocarpa<br />
Eugenia Syzygium cuminii<br />
European grape Vitus vinifera<br />
Euryops Euryops spp<br />
Evening primrose Oenothera spp<br />
Evergreen plant Radermachera sinica<br />
Evergreen woodfern Dryopteris marginalis<br />
Exacum Exacum affine<br />
F<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Fairwell-to-spring Clarkia amoena<br />
Fairy duster Calliandra eriophylla<br />
False aralia Dizygotheca elegantissima<br />
False heather Cuphea hyssopifolia<br />
False holly Osmanthus heterophyllus<br />
False hop Bellaperone gutta<br />
False lily of the valley Maianthemum kamtschaticum<br />
Fan palm Coccothrinax alta<br />
Fan palm Livistonia chinesis<br />
Farewell to spring Clarkia spp<br />
Fatsia Fatsia japonica<br />
Fern, bird’s nest Asplenium nidus<br />
Fern, deer's foot Davallia canariensis<br />
Fern, hare Davallia fejeensis<br />
Fern, hen and chickens Asplenium bulbiferum<br />
Fern, iron Rumohra adiantiformis<br />
Fern, king and queen Asplenium spp<br />
Fern, leather Rumohra adiantiformis<br />
Fern, leatherleaf Rumohra adiantiformis<br />
Fern, mother Asplenium spp<br />
Fern, rabbit’s foot Davallia fejeensis<br />
Fern, squirrel’s foot Davallia fejeensis<br />
Ficus Ficus benjamina<br />
Fiddle leaf fig Ficus spp<br />
Fiddle leaf rubber plant Ficus spp<br />
Fiery spike Aphelandra spp
Fig Ficus carica<br />
Fig, climbing Ficus spp<br />
Fig, weeping Ficus benjamina<br />
Fingernail plant Aregelia spp<br />
Fingernail plant Neoregelia spp<br />
Fir tree Abies spp<br />
Fir tree Pseudotsuga spp<br />
Fire ball plant Kalanchoe spp<br />
Fire lily Cyrtanthus spp<br />
Firebird Heliconia spp<br />
Firecracker Gesneria spp<br />
Firecracker flower Crossandra spp<br />
Firecracker plant Cuphea spp<br />
Firecracker plant or vine Manettia bicolor<br />
Firethorn (except for thorns) Pyracantha spp<br />
Fireweed Epilobium angustifolium<br />
Fittonia Fittonia spp<br />
Flame violet Episcia reptans<br />
Flaming sword Vriesea splendens<br />
Flamingo plant Hypoestes phyllostachya<br />
Flocks Phlox spp<br />
Florida beauty Dracaena spp<br />
Flower of the Nativity Euphorbia pulcherrima<br />
Flowering flax Linum grandiflorum<br />
Flox Phlox spp<br />
Forget-me-not Myosotis spp<br />
Forsythia Forsythia spp<br />
Forsythia, white Abeliophyllum distichum<br />
Fort knight lily Dietes spp<br />
Fountain dracaena Dracaena australis<br />
Freckle face Hypoestes phyllostachya<br />
Freesia Freesia spp<br />
French lavender Lavandula spp<br />
French mulberry Callicarpa americana<br />
Friendship plant Billbergia spp<br />
Friendship plant Pilea involucrate<br />
Fritillaria Fritillaria spp
Fruitless mulberry Morus spp<br />
Fuchsia Fuchsia spp<br />
G<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Gardenia Gardenia jasminoides<br />
Gazania Gazania spp<br />
Geranium Pelargonium spp<br />
Gerbera daisy Gerbera jamesonii<br />
German violet Exacum affine<br />
Ghost plant Sedum weinbergii<br />
Giant bird's nest Pterospora andromedea<br />
Giant dracaena Dracaena australis<br />
Ginger lily Hedychium coronarium<br />
Ginger, white Hedychium coronarium<br />
Glory bush Pleroma spp<br />
Glory bush Tibouchina spp<br />
Gloxinia Gloxinia perennis<br />
Gloxinia Sinningia speciosa<br />
Gloxinia, hardy Incarvillea spp<br />
Godetia Clarkia amoena<br />
Godetia Godetia spp<br />
Gold bloom Calendula officinalis<br />
Gold dust dracaena Dracaena spp<br />
Gold dust plant Alyssum spp<br />
Gold dust plant Aucuba japonica<br />
Golden bells Forsythia spp<br />
Golden feather palm Chrysalidocarpus lutescens<br />
Golden stars Mammillaria elongata<br />
Goldfish plant Hypocyrta spp<br />
Good luck leaf Kalanchoe spp<br />
Good luck palm Chamaedorea elegans<br />
Good luck plant Cordyline terminalis<br />
Good luck plant Dracaena terminalis<br />
Good luck plant Kalanchoe daigremontiana<br />
Gourd Cucurbitaceae spp<br />
Grape Vitus vinifera
Grape hyacinth Muscari spp<br />
Grape, wild Vitus californica<br />
Grecian vase Aechmea marmorata<br />
Ground elder Aegopodium podagraria<br />
H<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Hackberry, common Celtis spp<br />
Hare's tail Lagurus ovatus<br />
Hawaiian good luck plant Cordyline terminalis<br />
Hawaiian good luck plant Dracaena terminalis<br />
Hawaiian hibiscus Hibiscus spp<br />
Hawaiian tree fern Cibotium spp<br />
Hawthorn Crataegus spp<br />
Heart of flame Bromelia balansae<br />
Heart pea Cardiospermum halicacabum<br />
Heart vine Ceropegia woodii<br />
Hearts entangled Ceropegia woodii<br />
Hearts-on-a-string Ceropegia woodii<br />
Heather, Mexican Cuphea hyssopifolia<br />
Heavenly bamboo Nandina domestica<br />
Helmet flower Gesneria spp<br />
Helmet flower Sinningia cardinalis<br />
Hemlock tree Tsuga spp (do NOT confuse with toxic<br />
Conium or Cicuta species!)<br />
Hen and chickens fern Asplenium spp<br />
Hen and chicks Echeveria spp<br />
Hen and chicks Sempervivum tectorum<br />
Hens and chickens Echeveria spp<br />
Heuchera Heuchera sanguinea<br />
Hibiscus Hibiscus spp<br />
Hickory Carya spp<br />
Hip berries Rosa spp (except for Rosa rugose)<br />
Hollyhock Althaea rosea<br />
Honesty plant Lunaria annua<br />
Honey flower Protea mellifera<br />
Honey plant Hoya spp
Honeyberry Celtis australis<br />
Honeysuckle Lonicera fragrantissima<br />
Hoop pine Araucaria cunninghamii<br />
Horse’s tail Sedum morganianum<br />
Hosta Hosta spp<br />
Hoya plant Hoya spp<br />
Hyacinth, summer Galtonia spp<br />
I<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Ice plant Aptenia cordifolia<br />
Ice plant Lampranthus spp<br />
Ice plant Mesembryanthemum cordifolium<br />
Icicle plant Carpobrotus spp<br />
Impatients Impatients spp<br />
Inch plant Callisia spp<br />
Inch plant Zebrina pendula<br />
Indian hawthorn Raphiolepsis indica<br />
Indian kale Zanthosoma lindeni<br />
Indian strawberry Duchesnea indica<br />
Indian tobacco Eriogonum umbellatum<br />
Irish moss Soleirolia soleirolii<br />
Iron plant Aspidistra spp<br />
Italian cypress Cupressus sempervirens<br />
J<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Jacaranda tree Jacaranda procera<br />
Jade plant Portulacaria afra<br />
Jade plant/jade tree Crassula spp<br />
Jade vine Strongylodon macrobotrys<br />
Janet Craig plant Dracaena deremensis<br />
Japanese aralia Fatsia japonica<br />
Japanese fatsia Fatsia japonica<br />
Japanese lantern Hibiscus schizopetalus<br />
Japanese photina Photinia glabra<br />
Japanese privet Ligustrum japonica<br />
Japanese snowbell Styrax japonica
Jasmine Jasminum rex<br />
Jelly beans Sedum pachyphyllum<br />
Jodetia Clarkia spp<br />
Johnny jump up (except for seeds) Viola cornuta<br />
Joshua tree Sedum multiceps<br />
Joshua tree Yucca brevifolia<br />
June berry Rubus spp<br />
June grass Poa pratensis<br />
K<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Kalanchoe Kalanchoe spp<br />
Kale Brassica oleracea<br />
Kentucky bluegrass Poa pratensis<br />
King and queen fern Asplenium spp<br />
Kohleria Kohleria lindeniana<br />
L<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Lace flower vine Episcia dianthiflora<br />
Lady palm Rhapis spp<br />
Lady slipper Impatiens spp<br />
Lady's ear drops Fuchsia spp<br />
Lamb’s ears Stachy spp<br />
Lamb’s tail Sedum morganianum<br />
Lamb's lettuce Valerianella locusta<br />
Lantana, wild Abronia fragrans<br />
Lasiandra Pleroma spp<br />
Lasiandra Tibouchina spp<br />
Lavender Lavandula officinalis<br />
Leather leaf woodfern Dryopteris marginalis<br />
Lemon balm Melissa offinalis<br />
Leopard lily Lachenalia lilacina<br />
Liatris Liatris spp<br />
Licorice plant Helichrysum petiolatum<br />
Lilac Syringa spp<br />
Lily, asiatic Lilium asiatic<br />
Lily, casa blanca Lilium spp
Lily, cascade Lilium spp<br />
Lily, coral Lilium spp<br />
Lily, Easter Lilium longiflorum<br />
Lily, filmy Hermocallis spp<br />
Lily, Formosa Lilium spp<br />
Lily, Japanese Lilium spp<br />
Lily, Japanese showy Lilium spp<br />
Lily, Marco Polo Lilium spp<br />
Lily, Mariposa Calochortus spp<br />
Lily, Oriental Lilium spp<br />
Lily, Peruvian Hermocallis spp<br />
Lily, regal Lilium spp<br />
Lily, spider Hermocallis spp<br />
Lily, stargazer Lilium spp<br />
Lily, tiger Lilium spp<br />
Lily, torch Kniphofia spp<br />
Lily, western Lilium spp<br />
Lily, wood Lilium spp<br />
Linden tree Tilia americana<br />
Lion's tooth Taraxacum officinale<br />
Lipstick plant or vine Aeschynanthus spp<br />
Liquidambar tree Liquidambar styraciflua<br />
Lithops Lithops spp<br />
Live forever Sedum telephium<br />
Living plant Kalanchoe spp<br />
Living rock Ariocarpus fissuratus<br />
Living rock Mammillaria fissurata<br />
Living stone Lithops spp<br />
Living stone Pleiospilos spp<br />
Living stones Dinteranthus vanzylii<br />
Living vase Aechmea spp<br />
Lobster claw Heliconia humilis<br />
Lobster claws Vriesea carinata<br />
Lobster plant Euphorbia pulcherrima<br />
Locust pods Ceratonia siliqua<br />
London plane tree Platanus acerifolia<br />
London pride Lychis chalcedonica
Love vine Antigonon leptopus<br />
Lucky bamboo Dracaena sanderiana<br />
M<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Macadamia nut Macadamia spp<br />
Madagascar dragon tree Dracaena marginata<br />
Madagascar lace plant Aponogeton senetralis<br />
Madeira vine Anredera cordifolia<br />
Madrone Arbutus menziesil<br />
Magic flower Achimenes spp<br />
Magnolia Magnolia spp<br />
Magnolia bush Magnolia stellata<br />
Mahonia Mahonia spp<br />
Maid fern Adiantum decorum<br />
Maiden’s tears Silene acaulis<br />
Maidenhair fern Adiantum decorum<br />
Maidenhair vine Muehlenbeckia complexa<br />
Mandevilla vine Mandevilla spp<br />
Manzanita Arbutus spp<br />
Manzanita, woolly Arctostaphylos tomentosa<br />
Maple tree Acer spp<br />
Maranta Calathea spp<br />
Maranta Maranta spp<br />
Marble plant Lithops spp<br />
Marbled rainbow plant Billbergia spp<br />
Marigold Calendula spp<br />
Mariposa lily Calochortus spp<br />
Maternity plant Kalanchoe spp<br />
Matilija poppy Romneya coulteri<br />
May bush Crataegus spp<br />
May flowers Leucocrinum montanum<br />
Merry Christmas Begonia rex<br />
Mexican apple Casimiroa edulis<br />
Mexican creeper Antigonon leptopus<br />
Mexican evening primrose Oenothera spp<br />
Mexican fan palm Washingtonia spp
Mexican firecracker Echeveria spp<br />
Mexican flame tree or Mexican<br />
flameleaf<br />
Euphorbia pulcherrima<br />
Mexican hat Ratibida columnaris<br />
Mexican heather Cuphea hyssopifolia<br />
Mexican ivy Cobaeae scandens<br />
Mexican love plant Kalanchoe spp<br />
Mexican orange Choisya ternata<br />
Mexican pincushion cactus Mammillaria compressa<br />
Mexican rosettes Echeveria spp<br />
Mexican shrimp plant Bellaperone gutta<br />
Mexican shrimp plant Justicia brandegeana<br />
Mexican snowball Echeveria spp<br />
Mexican sunflower Tithonia spp<br />
Mexican tree fern Cibotium schiedei<br />
Mimicry plant Pleiospilos spp<br />
Mimosa Albizia julibrissin<br />
Miner's lettuce Montia perfoliata<br />
Miracle leaf Kalanchoe spp<br />
Mock orange Philadelphus spp<br />
Mock orange Pittosporum tobira<br />
Mock plane Acer pseudoplantanas<br />
Mock strawberry Duchesnea indica<br />
Mondo grass Liriope japonica<br />
Money plant Lunaria annua<br />
Monkey plant Kalanchoe daigremontiana<br />
Monkshood Astrophytum myriostigm, NOT to be confused<br />
with Aconitum species<br />
Mosquito fern or Mosquito plant Azolla caroliniana<br />
Mosquito plant Cynanchum spp<br />
Mosquito plant Pelargonium citrosum<br />
Moss agate Episcia reptans<br />
Moss rose Portulaca grandiflora<br />
Moss, club Lycopodium spp<br />
Mother fern Asplenium spp<br />
Mother hen and chicks Echeveria spp<br />
Mother of hundreds Mammillaria compressa
Mother of millions Kalanchoe pinnata<br />
Mother of thousands Kalanchoe pinnata<br />
Mother of thousands Saxifraga stolonifera<br />
Mother of thousands Tolmiea menziesii<br />
Mother-in-law plant Kalanchoe pinnata (not the Sansevieria spp)<br />
Mother-of-pearl plant Graptopetalum paraguayense<br />
Mother-of-pearl plant Sedum weinbergii<br />
Mountain acanthus Acanthus spp<br />
Mountain dogwood Cornus nuttalii<br />
Mountain gum Eucalyptus dalrympleana<br />
Mountain ribbonwood Hoheria glabrata<br />
Mountain rose Antigonon leptopus<br />
Mountain sunflower Hymenoxys grandiflora<br />
Mountain sunflower Rudbergia grandiflora<br />
Mulberry tree or bush Morus spp<br />
Mulberry, French Callicarpa americana<br />
Mulberry, fruitless Morus spp<br />
Mullein Erysimum spp<br />
Mullein Verbascum spp<br />
Multiplication plant Kalanchoe spp<br />
Muscari Muscari spp<br />
N<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Naegelia Smithiantha multiflora<br />
Nandina bush Nandina domestica<br />
Nasturtium Tropaeolum spp<br />
Neanthebella Chamaedorea elegans<br />
Necklace vine Crassula rupestris<br />
Necklace vine Muehlenbeckia complexa<br />
Nerve plant Fittonia spp<br />
Night jasmine Nyctanthes arbortristis<br />
Norfolk island pine Araucaria heterophylla<br />
Norfolk pine Araucaria heterophylla<br />
O<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name
October plant Sedum sieboldii<br />
Octopus tree Brassaia actinophylla<br />
Octopus tree Schefflera actinophylla<br />
Old man of the mountains Hymenoxys grandiflora<br />
Olive, wild Halesia spp<br />
Orange cup Lilium spp<br />
Orchid Cattleya spp<br />
Orchid Cymbidium spp<br />
Orchid Epidendrum spp<br />
Orchid Oncidium spp<br />
Orchid ginger Alpinia mutica<br />
Oregon grape or Oregon holly Mahonia aquifolium<br />
Ornamental cabbage Brassica oleracea<br />
Ornamental kale Brassica oleracea<br />
Ostrich fern Matteuccia struthiopteris<br />
P<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Pacific dogwood Cornus nuttalii<br />
Pagoda flower Clerodendrum spp<br />
Paint brush Castilleja spp<br />
Painted cup Castilleja spp<br />
Painted dragon lily Dracaena fragrans<br />
Painted feather Vriesea carinata<br />
Painted lady Echeveria spp<br />
Painted leaf Euphorbia pulcherrima<br />
Palm lily Cordyline australis<br />
Palm, bigleaf Fatsia japonica<br />
Palm, date (except for thorns) Phoenix spp<br />
Palm, desert fan Washingtonia spp<br />
Palm, tufted fan Rhapis spp<br />
Palo verde Cercidium microphyllum<br />
Pampas grass Cortaderia selloana<br />
Panda bear plant Kalanchoe tomentosa<br />
Panda plant Kalanchoe tomentosa<br />
Pansy (except for seeds) Viola tricolor<br />
Paper plant Fatsia japonica
Parakeet flower Heliconia psittacorum<br />
Parlor palm Chamaedorea elegans<br />
Parrot's flower Heliconia psittacorum<br />
Patience plant Impatients spp<br />
Patient Lucy Impatiens or Impatients spp<br />
Peace in the home Soleirolia soleirolii<br />
Peacock plant Calathea makoyana<br />
Peacock plant Kaempferia spp<br />
Pearl plant Haworthia margaritifera<br />
Peperomia Peperomia spp<br />
Perfume plant Matthiola longipetala<br />
Persian violet Exacum affine<br />
Petunia Petunia spp<br />
Phlox Phlox spp<br />
Photina (except arbutifolia which is<br />
toxic)<br />
Photina spp (except arbutifolia)<br />
Photinia, Japanese Photinia glabra<br />
Piggyback plant Tolmiea menziesii<br />
Pikake Jasminum sambac<br />
Pilea Pilea spp<br />
Pincushion flower Scabiosa spp<br />
Pine tree Pinus spp<br />
Pink dot Hypoestes phyllostachya<br />
Pink polka dot Hypoestes phyllostachya<br />
Pink porcelain lily Alpinia nutans<br />
Pink splash plant Hypoestes phyllostachya<br />
Pink vine Antigonon leptopus<br />
Pipe plant Aeschnanthus spp<br />
Pitcher plant Darlingtonia californica<br />
Pittosporum Pittosporum spp<br />
Plane tree Platanus occidentalis<br />
Plantago Plantago major<br />
Plantain Musa acuminata<br />
Plantain lily Hosta spp<br />
Plantain, broad-leaved Plantago major<br />
Plantain, false Heliconia spp<br />
Plantain, wild Heliconia bihai
Plectranthus Plectranthus oetendahlii<br />
Plush plant Echeveria spp<br />
Plush plant Kalanchoe spp<br />
Plush vine Mikania apiifolia<br />
Poinsettia Euphorbia pulcherrima<br />
Poker plant Kniphofia spp<br />
Polka dot plant Hypoestes phyllostachya<br />
Pond lily Nymphaea odorata<br />
Porcelain flower Hoya spp<br />
Portulaca Portulaca oleracea<br />
Potentilla Potentilla spp<br />
Prayer plant Maranta leuconeura<br />
Privet, Chinese Ligustrum lucidum<br />
Privet, glossy Ligustrum lucidum<br />
Privet, tree Ligustrum lucidum<br />
Privet, wax-leaf Ligustrum lucidum<br />
Protea Protea spp<br />
Purple passion vine Gynura aurantiaca<br />
Purslane Portulaca oleracea<br />
Pussy willow Salix discolor<br />
Pyracantha (except for thorns) Pyracantha spp<br />
Q<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Quaking grass, big Briza maxima or Briza major<br />
Queen elkhorn Platycerium spp<br />
Queen of dracaenas Dracaena goldieana<br />
Queen’s jewels Antigonon leptopus<br />
Queen’s tears Billbergia spp<br />
Queen's spiderwort Tradescantia reginae<br />
Queen's umbrella tree Brassaia actinophylla<br />
Queen's umbrella tree Schefflera actinophylla<br />
Queensland nut Macademia spp<br />
Queensland umbrella tree Schefflera actinophylla<br />
Quince, common Cydonia oblonga<br />
Quince, flowering Chaenomeles spp<br />
R
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Rabbit’s foot Maranta leuconeura<br />
Rabbit’s tail grass Lagurus ovatus<br />
Raffia Raphia farinifera<br />
Rainbow plant Billbergia spp<br />
Raphiolepsis Raphiolepsis indica<br />
Rattan cane Calamus rotang<br />
Rattlesnake plant Calathea spp<br />
Red bud Cercis canadensis<br />
Red gum Liquidambar styraciflua<br />
Red hot poker Kniphofia spp<br />
Resurrection lily Kaempferia spp<br />
Resurrection plant Selaginella lepidophylla<br />
Rex-begonia vine Cissus discolor<br />
Ribbon plant Chlorophytum comosum<br />
Ribbon plant Dracaena sanderiana<br />
Rock rose Cistus spp<br />
Rock rose Oenothera spp<br />
Rocket Barbarea vulgaris<br />
Rocket Eruca sativa<br />
Rosary bead plant Ceropegia woodii<br />
Rosary plant Crassula rupestris<br />
Rosary vine Ceropegia woodii<br />
Rosary vine Crassula rupestris<br />
Rose (except for thorns) Rosa spp (except for Rosa rugose)<br />
Rose of China Hibiscus senensis<br />
Rose of Mexico Oenothera spp<br />
Rose of Sharon Hibiscus syriacus<br />
Rosehips (berries) Rosa spp (except for Rosa rugose)<br />
Roselle Hibiscus sabdariffa<br />
Rubber plant Ficus elastica<br />
Rubber tree plant Ficus elastica<br />
Rudbeckia Echinacea spp<br />
Rudbeckia Rudbeckia spp<br />
Rush rose Aglianthemum scoparium<br />
Russian olive Elaeagnus spp
S<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Sacred bamboo Nandina domestica<br />
Safflower Carthamus tinctorius<br />
Saffron spike Aphelandra spp<br />
Sage Salvia spp<br />
Sage tree Vitex spp<br />
Sago Raphia farinifera<br />
Sago fern Sphaeropteris medullaris<br />
Salvia Salvia spp<br />
Sarsaparilla, wild Smilax gluaca<br />
Saucer magnolia Magnolia x soulangiana<br />
Saxifraga Saxifraga spp<br />
Scabiosa Scabiosa spp<br />
Schefflera Brassaia actinophylla<br />
Schefflera Schefflera spp<br />
Scorpion weed Phacelia sericea<br />
Scotch thistle Onopordum acanthium<br />
Sedum Sedum spp<br />
Sego lily Calochortus spp<br />
Sensitive fern Onoclea sensibilis<br />
Sensitive plant Mimosa pudica<br />
Shell flower Alpinia nutans<br />
Shell flower Molucella spp<br />
Shell ginger Alpinia nutans<br />
Shrimp bush or Shrimp plant Bellaperone gutta<br />
Shrimp bush Justicia brandegeana<br />
Shrimp plant Beloperone guttata<br />
Silk grass Oryzopsis hymenoides<br />
Silk tree Albizia julibrissin<br />
Silver bell Halesia spp<br />
Silver berry Elaeagnus spp<br />
Silver calathea Calathea argyraea<br />
Silver dollar Astrophytum asterias<br />
Silver dollar Crassula arborscens<br />
Silver evergreen Aglaonema spp
Silver gum Eucalyptus cordata<br />
Silver king Aglaonema spp<br />
Silver nerve Fittonia spp<br />
Silver palm Coccothrinax argentata<br />
Silver queen Aglaonema spp<br />
Silver star Cryptanthus lacerdae<br />
Silver thatch Coccothrinax argentea<br />
Silver thistle Onopordum acanthium<br />
Silver threads Fittonia spp<br />
Silver vine Actinidia polygama<br />
Silver weed Potentilla spp<br />
Slipper plant Calceolaria spp<br />
Smoke tree, American Cotinus spp<br />
Smoke tree, American Rhus cotinoides<br />
Smooth bouvardia Bouvardia glaberrima<br />
Snapdragon Antirrhinum majus<br />
Snow bush Breynia disticha<br />
Snowball Alternanthera spp<br />
Snowball bush Viburnum spp<br />
Snowball, Chinese Viburnum macrocephalum<br />
Snowball, Japanese Viburnum plicatum<br />
Snowball, prarie Abronia fragrans<br />
Snowbell tree Halesia spp<br />
Snowberry, mountain Symphoricarpos spp<br />
Snowberry, western Symphoricarpos spp<br />
Society garlic Tulbaghia violacea<br />
Spanish bayonet Yucca spp<br />
Spanish bluebell Endymion hispanicus<br />
Spanish moss Tillandsia usneoides<br />
Sparaxis Sparaxis tricolor<br />
Speargrass Poa pratensis<br />
Spice berry Ardisia spp<br />
Spider aralia Dizygotheca elegantissima<br />
Spider flower Cleome spp<br />
Spider flower Hermocallis spp<br />
Spider flower Tibouchina spp<br />
Spider ivy Chlorophytum comosum
Spider lily Hermocallis spp<br />
Spider plant Chlorophytum comosum<br />
Spiraea Astilbe japonica<br />
Spiraea, blue Caryopteris spp<br />
Spirea Spirea spp<br />
Split rock Dinteranthus wilmotianus<br />
Spotted dracaena Dracaena spp<br />
Spotted laurel Aucuba japonica variegated<br />
Spruce pine Pinus glabra<br />
Spruce tree Picea spp<br />
Squaw bush Viburnum spp<br />
Squill, Italain Endymion italicus<br />
Staghorn fern Platycerium spp<br />
Star jasmine Trachelospermum jasminoides<br />
Star magnolia Magnolia stellata<br />
Star of Bethlehem Euphorbia pulcherrima<br />
Star rock Ariocarpus fissuratus<br />
Star rock Mammillaria fissurata<br />
Stargazer lily Lilium spp<br />
Statice Limonium spp<br />
Stephanotis Stephanotis floribunda<br />
Stock Matthiola incana<br />
Stone face Lithops spp<br />
Stone plant Lithops spp<br />
Stonecrop Sedum rubrotinctum<br />
Strawberry begonia Saxifraga spp<br />
Strawberry geranium Saxifraga spp<br />
Strawberry tree Arbutus unedo<br />
Strawflower Helichrysum bracteatum<br />
String of buttons Crassula rupestris<br />
String of hearts Ceropegia woodii<br />
Striped inch plant Callisia spp<br />
Sugar-pods Ceratonia siliqua<br />
Sun god Hymenoxys grandiflora<br />
Sundew Drosera or Droserae spp<br />
Sunflower Helianthus annuus<br />
Sunflower, Alpine Hymenoxys grandiflora
Sunflower, mountain Hymenoxys grandiflora<br />
Swedish ivy Plectranthus australis<br />
Sweet alyssum Alyssum spp<br />
Sweet gum Liquidambar styraciflua<br />
Sweet rocket Hesperis spp<br />
Sweet viburnum Viburnum odoratissimum<br />
Sweet William phlox Phlox diuaricata<br />
Sweetberry Viburnum lentago<br />
Sword fern Polystichum munitum<br />
Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus<br />
Sycamore tree Platanus spp<br />
T<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Tahitian bridal veil Tradescantia multiflora<br />
Tea plant Viburnum spp<br />
Tea-berry Viburnum cassinoides<br />
Teddy bear plant or vine Cyanotis kewensis<br />
Temple bells Smithiantha cinnabarina<br />
Thatch palm Coccothrinax crinita<br />
Thorn apple Crataegus spp<br />
Thread palm Washingtonia spp<br />
Ti plant Cordyline terminalis<br />
Ti plant Dracaena terminalis<br />
Tiger lily Lilium spp<br />
Tomato tree Cyphomandra betacea<br />
Touch-me-not Impateins spp<br />
Touch-me-not Mimosa pudica<br />
Trailing begonia Cissus discolor<br />
Transvaal daisy Gerbera jamesoni<br />
Tree of kings Dracaena terminalis<br />
Trumpet vine Distictis buccinatoria<br />
Tulip tree Liriodendron tulipifera<br />
Tulip tree Spathodea campanulata<br />
U<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Umbrella plant Eriogonum umbellatum
Umbrella tree Brassaia actinophylla<br />
Umbrella tree Magnolia tripetala<br />
Umbrella tree Schefflera actinophylla<br />
Urn plant Aechmea spp<br />
V<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Valerian, red Centranthus ruber<br />
Velvet leaf Abutilon theophrasti<br />
Velvet leaf Kalanchoe beharensis<br />
Velvet plant Gynura aurantiaca<br />
Venus's hair Adiantum capillus<br />
Venus's hair fern Adiantum capillus<br />
Verbena Verbena spp (except Verbena hastata)<br />
Veronica Hebe spp<br />
Veronica Veronica spp<br />
Vervain Verbena spp (except Verbena hastata)<br />
Vetch, common Vicia sativa<br />
Viburnum Viburnum spp<br />
Violas (except for seeds) Viola spp<br />
Violets (except for seeds) Viola odorata<br />
W<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Wand flower Sparaxis tricolor<br />
Wandering Jenny Lysimachia nummularia<br />
Wandering Jew Zebrina pendula<br />
Water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes<br />
Water lily Nymphaea spp<br />
Watsonia Watsonia spp<br />
Wax flower Stephanotis floribunda<br />
Wax plant Hoya spp<br />
Wax rosette Echeveria spp<br />
Wax-leaf privet Ligustrum japonicum<br />
Weeping fig Ficus benjamina<br />
Weigela Weigela spp<br />
White ash Aegopodium podagraria<br />
White wax tree Ligustrum lucidium
Wild grape Vitus californica<br />
Wild hyacinth Camassia spp<br />
Wild hyacinth Dichelostemma pulchellum<br />
Wild lantana Abronia spp<br />
Wild mustard Brassica spp<br />
Wild olive Halesia spp<br />
Wild olive Nyssa aquatica<br />
Wild olive Osmanthus americanus<br />
Wild pepper Vitex spp<br />
Wild strawberry Fragaria species<br />
Willow Salix spp<br />
Window plant Haworthia spp<br />
Wine grape Vitus vinifera<br />
Winter begonia Saxifraga ciliata<br />
Wintercress Barbarea spp<br />
Wood hyacinth Endymion spp<br />
X<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Xylosma<br />
Y<br />
Xylosma spp<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Yellow evening primrose Oenothera spp<br />
Yucca Yucca spp<br />
Z<br />
Common name<br />
Latin or scientific name<br />
Zebra plant Aphelandra squarrosa<br />
Zebra plant Calathea zebrina<br />
Zebra plant Cryptanthus zonatus<br />
Zinnia Zinnia spp<br />
Zygocactus Schlumbergera bridgesii<br />
Table 2. – Nontoxic Plants by Latin or Scientific Name<br />
A<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Abelia spp Abelia
Abeliophyllum distichum Forsythia, white<br />
Abies balsamea Balsam tree<br />
Abies spp Fir tree<br />
Abronia fragrans Lantana, wild<br />
Abronia fragrans Snowball, prarie<br />
Abronia spp Wild lantana<br />
Abutilon theophrasti Abutilon hemp<br />
Abutilon theophrasti Velvet leaf<br />
Acanthus spp Acanthus<br />
Acanthus spp Artist's acanthus<br />
Acanthus spp Bear’s breech<br />
Acanthus spp Mountain acanthus<br />
Acer pseudoplantanas Mock plane<br />
Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore<br />
Acer spp Maple tree<br />
Achimenes spp Magic flower<br />
Actinidia polygama Silver vine<br />
Adiantum capillus Venus's hair<br />
Adiantum capillus Venus's hair fern<br />
Adiantum decorum Maid fern<br />
Adiantum decorum Maidenhair fern<br />
Aechmea spp Urn plant<br />
Aechmea spp Living vase<br />
Aechmea marmorata Grecian vase<br />
Aechmea marmorata Billbergia<br />
Aegopodium podagraria Bishop's elder or Bishop's weed<br />
Aegopodium podagraria Ground elder<br />
Aegopodium podagraria White ash<br />
Aeschnanthus spp Pipe plant<br />
Aeschynanthus spp Basket plant or vine<br />
Aeschynanthus spp Bayberry<br />
Aeschynanthus spp Lipstick plant<br />
Aeschynanthus spp Lipstick vine<br />
Aglaonema modestum Chinese evergreen<br />
Aglaonema spp Aglaonema
Aglaonema spp Silver evergreen<br />
Aglaonema spp Silver king<br />
Aglaonema spp Silver queen<br />
Aglianthemum scoparium Rush rose<br />
Ajuga remota or Ajuga reptans Ajuga<br />
Ajuga spp Carpet bugle<br />
Albizia Albizia<br />
Albizia julibrissin Mimosa<br />
Albizia julibrissin Silk tree<br />
Albizia julibrisson Acacia<br />
Alpinia mutica Orchid ginger<br />
Alpinia nutans Pink porcelain lily<br />
Alpinia nutans Shell flower<br />
Alpinia nutans Shell ginger<br />
Alternanthera spp Snowball<br />
Althaea rosea Hollyhock<br />
Alyssum spp Alyssum<br />
Alyssum spp Gold dust plant<br />
Alyssum spp Sweet alyssum<br />
Anredera cordifolia Madeira vine<br />
Antigonon leptopus Chain of love<br />
Antigonon leptopus Coral vine<br />
Antigonon leptopus Love vine<br />
Antigonon leptopus Mexican creeper<br />
Antigonon leptopus Mountain rose<br />
Antigonon leptopus Pink vine<br />
Antigonon leptopus Queen’s jewels<br />
Antirrhinum majus Snapdragon<br />
Aphelandra spp Aphelandra<br />
Aphelandra spp Fiery spike<br />
Aphelandra spp Saffron spike<br />
Aphelandra squarrosa Zebra plant<br />
Aponogeton senetralis Madagascar lace plant<br />
Aptenia cordifolia Baby sun rose<br />
Aptenia cordifolia Ice plant
Aquilegia spp Columbine<br />
Araucaria cunninghamii Hoop pine<br />
Araucaria heterophylla Norfolk pine<br />
Araucaria heterophylla Norfolk island pine<br />
Arbutus menziesil Madrone<br />
Arbutus spp Manzanita<br />
Arbutus unedo Arbutus<br />
Arbutus unedo Cane apple<br />
Arbutus unedo Strawberry tree<br />
Arctostaphylos tomentosa Manzanita, woolly<br />
Ardisia spp Coral berry<br />
Ardisia spp Spice berry<br />
Aregelia spp Blushing bromeliad<br />
Aregelia spp Crimson cup<br />
Aregelia spp Fingernail plant<br />
Ariocarpus fissuratus Living rock<br />
Ariocarpus fissuratus Star rock<br />
Aronia spp Chokeberry<br />
Asparagus densiflorus cv sprengeri Asparagus fern<br />
Asparagus densiflorus cv sprengeri Emerald feather or Emerald fern<br />
Asparagus setaceus Asparagus fern<br />
Asplenium spp Mother fern<br />
Aspidistra elatior Cast iron plant<br />
Aspidistra spp Aspidistra<br />
Aspidistra spp Iron plant<br />
Asplenium bulbiferum Fern, hen and chickens<br />
Asplenium nidus Bird’s nest fern<br />
Asplenium nidus Fern, bird’s nest<br />
Asplenium spp Fern, king and queen<br />
Asplenium spp Fern, mother<br />
Asplenium spp Hen and chickens fern<br />
Asplenium spp King and queen fern<br />
Astilbe japonica Astilbe<br />
Astilbe japonica Spiraea<br />
Astrophytum asterias Silver dollar
Astrophytum myriostigm, NOT to be<br />
confused with Aconitum species<br />
Monkshood<br />
Astrophytum spp Bishop’s cap<br />
Astrophytum spp Bishop’s hood<br />
Aucuba japonica Gold dust plant<br />
Aucuba japonica variegated Spotted laurel<br />
Azolla caroliniana Mosquito fern<br />
Azolla caroliniana<br />
B<br />
Mosquito plant<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Barbarea spp Wintercress<br />
Barbarea vulgaris Rocket<br />
Beaucarnea recurvata Bottle palm<br />
Begonia coccinea Angel wing begonia<br />
Begonia goegoensis Begonia, iron cross<br />
Begonia rex Merry Christmas<br />
Bellaperone gutta False hop<br />
Bellaperone gutta Mexican shrimp plant<br />
Bellaperone gutta Shrimp bush or Shrimp plant<br />
Bergenia cordifolia Elephant’s ear<br />
Betula spp Birch tree<br />
Billbergia spp Friendship plant<br />
Billbergia spp Marbled rainbow plant<br />
Billbergia spp Queen’s tears<br />
Billbergia spp Rainbow plant<br />
Bouvardia glaberrima Smooth bouvardia<br />
Brachychiton spp Bottle tree<br />
Brassaia actinophylla Australian umbrella tree<br />
Brassaia actinophylla Octopus tree<br />
Brassaia actinophylla Queen's umbrella tree<br />
Brassaia actinophylla Schefflera<br />
Brassaia actinophylla Umbrella tree<br />
Brassaia actionophylla Brassaia<br />
Brassica oleracea Cabbage kale<br />
Brassica oleracea Kale
Brassica oleracea Ornamental cabbage<br />
Brassica oleracea Ornamental kale<br />
Brassica spp Wild mustard<br />
Breynia disticha Snow bush<br />
Briza maxima or Briza major Quaking grass, big<br />
Bromelia balansae Heart of flame<br />
Buddleia davidii Butterfly bush<br />
Buddleia davidii Buddleia<br />
C<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Cactaceae Cactus (except for thorns)<br />
Calamus rotang Rattan cane<br />
Calathea argyraea Silver calathea<br />
Calathea makoyana Brain plant<br />
Calathea makoyana Peacock plant<br />
Calathea makoyana Cathedral windows<br />
Calathea spp Calathea<br />
Calathea spp Maranta<br />
Calathea spp Rattlesnake plant<br />
Calathea zebrina Zebra plant<br />
Calceolaria spp Slipper plant<br />
Calendula officinalis Calendula<br />
Calendula officinalis Gold bloom<br />
Calendula spp Marigold<br />
Calliandra eriophylla Fairy duster<br />
Callicarpa americana French mulberry<br />
Callicarpa americana Mulberry, French<br />
Callicarpa spp Beauty berry<br />
Callisia spp Inch plant<br />
Callisia spp Striped inch plant<br />
Callistemon spp Callistemon<br />
Callistemon spp Bottlebrush<br />
Callistephus chinensis Aster, annual<br />
Calochortus spp Mariposa lily
Calochortus spp Sego lily<br />
Camassia spp Wild hyacinth<br />
Camellia japonica Camellia<br />
Campanula spp Bellflower<br />
Campanula spp Campanula<br />
Campanula spp Canterbury bell<br />
Campanula spp Cloche<br />
Canna generalis Canna lily<br />
Cardiospermum halicacabum Balloon vine<br />
Cardiospermum halicacabum Heart pea<br />
Carpobrotus spp Icicle plant<br />
Carthamus tinctorius Safflower<br />
Carya spp Bitternut<br />
Carya spp Bitter pecan<br />
Carya spp Hickory<br />
Caryopteris spp Spiraea, blue<br />
Casimiroa edulis Mexican apple<br />
Castanea spp American chestnut<br />
Castanea spp Chestnut, sweet<br />
Castilleja spp Paint brush<br />
Castilleja spp Painted cup<br />
Catalpa spp Catalpa<br />
Cattleya spp Orchid<br />
Celosia spp Celosia<br />
Celosia spp Cockscomb<br />
Celosia spp Coxcomb<br />
Celtis australis Honeyberry<br />
Celtis sinensis Chinese hackberry<br />
Celtis spp Hackberry, common<br />
Centaurea cyanus Bachelor buttons<br />
Centaurea cyanus Blue bottle<br />
Centaurea cyanus Cornflower<br />
Centranthus ruber Valerian, red<br />
Centrosema virginianum Butterfly pea<br />
Ceratonia siliqua Carob
Ceratonia siliqua Locust pods<br />
Ceratonia siliqua Sugar-pods<br />
Ceratonia siliqua Carob tree<br />
Cercidium microphyllum Palo verde<br />
Cercis canadensis Red bud<br />
Ceropegia woodii Hearts entangled<br />
Ceropegia woodii Hearts-on-a-string<br />
Ceropegia woodii Heart vine<br />
Ceropegia woodii Rosary bead plant<br />
Ceropegia woodii Rosary vine<br />
Ceropegia woodii String of hearts<br />
Chaenomeles spp Quince, flowering<br />
Chamaedorea elegans Dwarf palm<br />
Chamaedorea elegans Good luck palm<br />
Chamaedorea elegans Neanthebella<br />
Chamaedorea elegans Parlor palm<br />
Chamaedorea spp Bamboo palm<br />
Chlorophytum comosum Ribbon plant<br />
Chlorophytum comosum Spider ivy<br />
Chlorophytum comosum Spider plant<br />
Choisya ternata Mexican orange<br />
Chrysalidocarpus lutescens Areca palm<br />
Chrysalidocarpus lutescens Butterfly palm<br />
Chrysalidocarpus lutescens Cane palm<br />
Chrysalidocarpus lutescens Golden feather palm<br />
Cibotium spp Hawaiian tree fern<br />
Cibotium schiedei Mexican tree fern<br />
Cissus discolor Climbing begonia<br />
Cissus discolor Rex-begonia vine<br />
Cissus discolor Trailing begonia<br />
Cissus spp Begonia cissus<br />
Cistus spp Rock rose<br />
Clarkia amoena Fairwell-to-spring<br />
Clarkia amoena Godetia<br />
Clarkia spp Clarkia
Clarkia spp Farewell to spring<br />
Clarkia spp Jodetia<br />
Cleome spp Cleome<br />
Cleome spp Spider flower<br />
Clerodendrum spp Bleeding heart<br />
Clerodendrum spp Pagoda flower<br />
Clerodendrum spp Bleeding heart vine<br />
Clianthus spp Clianthus<br />
Clintonia borealis Corn lily<br />
Clintonia uniflora Bride's bonnet<br />
Cobaeae scandens Cathedral bells<br />
Cobaeae scandens Cup-and-saucer vine<br />
Cobaeae scandens Mexican ivy<br />
Coccothrinax alta Fan palm<br />
Coccothrinax argentata Silver palm<br />
Coccothrinax argentea Broom palm<br />
Coccothrinax argentea Silver thatch<br />
Coccothrinax crinita Thatch palm<br />
Coleonema ericoides Breath-of-heaven<br />
Coleus spp Coleus<br />
Cordyline australis Cabbage tree<br />
Cordyline spp Cordyline<br />
Cordyline australis Palm lily<br />
Cordyline spp Dracaena<br />
Cordyline spp Dracaena, blue<br />
Cordyline spp Dracaena, fountain<br />
Cordyline spp Dracaena, giant<br />
Cordyline terminalis Good luck plant<br />
Cordyline terminalis Hawaiian good luck plant<br />
Cordyline terminalis Ti plant<br />
Coreopsis californica Coreopsis<br />
Cornus canadensis Bunchberry<br />
Cornus florida Dogwood, flowering<br />
Cornus nuttalii Pacific dogwood<br />
Cornus nuttalii Mountain dogwood
Cortaderia selloana Pampas grass<br />
Cosmos spp Cosmos<br />
Cotinus spp Smoke tree, American<br />
Crassula arborscens Silver dollar<br />
Crassula argentea Baby jade<br />
Crassula rupestris Bead vine<br />
Crassula rupestris Buttons on a string<br />
Crassula rupestris Necklace vine<br />
Crassula rupestris Rosary plant<br />
Crassula rupestris Rosary vine<br />
Crassula rupestris String of buttons<br />
Crassula spp Crassula<br />
Crassula spp Jade plant/jade tree<br />
Crataegus spp Crataegus<br />
Crataegus spp Hawthorn<br />
Crataegus spp May bush<br />
Crataegus spp Thorn apple<br />
Crocus spp Crocus, spring blooming ONLY<br />
Crocus spp Dutch crocus, spring blooming ONLY<br />
Crossandra spp Crossandra<br />
Crossandra spp Firecracker flower<br />
Crotolaria ramosissima Crotolaria<br />
Cryptanthus lacerdae Silver star<br />
Cryptanthus zonatus Zebra plant<br />
Cucurbitaceae spp Gourd<br />
Cuphea hyssopifolia False heather<br />
Cuphea hyssopifolia Heather, Mexican<br />
Cuphea hyssopifolia Mexican heather<br />
Cuphea spp Firecracker plant<br />
Cupressus sempervirens Italian cypress<br />
Cyanotis kewensis Teddy bear plant or vine<br />
Cydonia oblonga Quince, common<br />
Cymbidium spp Orchid<br />
Cynanchum spp Cruel plant<br />
Cynanchum spp Mosquito plant
Cyphomandra betacea Tomato tree<br />
Cyrtanthus spp Fire lily<br />
D<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Dahlia spp Dahlia<br />
Darlingtonia californica Cobra lily or Cobra plant<br />
Darlingtonia californica Pitcher plant<br />
Davallia canariensis Fern, deer's foot<br />
Davallia fejeensis Fern, hare<br />
Davallia fejeensis Fern, rabbit’s foot<br />
Davallia fejeensis Fern, squirrel’s foot<br />
Dichelostemma pulchellum Brodiaea<br />
Dichelostemma pulchellum Wild hyacinth<br />
Dietes spp African iris<br />
Dietes spp Fort knight lily<br />
Dimorphotheca pluvialis African daisy<br />
Dimorphotheca pluvialis Cape marigold<br />
Dinteranthus vanzylii Living stones<br />
Dinteranthus wilmotianus Split rock<br />
Dioscorea elephantipes Elephant’s foot<br />
Diosma ericoides Breath-of-heaven<br />
Distictis buccinatoria Trumpet vine<br />
Dizygotheca elegantissima Aralia<br />
Dizygotheca elegantissima False aralia<br />
Dizygotheca elegantissima Spider aralia<br />
Dracaena australis Fountain dracaena<br />
Dracaena australis Giant dracaena<br />
Dracaena australis Dracaena, giant<br />
Dracaena deremensis Dracaena, striped<br />
Dracaena deremensis Janet Craig plant<br />
Dracaena draco Dragon tree<br />
Dracaena fragrans Painted dragon lily<br />
Dracaena fragrans Cornplant<br />
Dracaena fragrans Cornstalk plant
Dracaena fragrans Dragon lily, painted<br />
Dracaena goldieana Dracaena queen<br />
Dracaena goldieana Queen of dracaenas<br />
Dracaena marginata Madagascar dragon tree<br />
Dracaena sanderiana Lucky bamboo<br />
Dracaena sanderiana Ribbon plant<br />
Dracaena spp Dracaena<br />
Dracaena spp Dracaena, blue<br />
Dracaena spp Florida beauty<br />
Dracaena spp Gold dust dracaena<br />
Dracaena spp Spotted dracaena<br />
Dracaena terminalis Hawaiian good luck plant<br />
Dracaena terminalis Ti plant<br />
Dracaena terminalis Tree of kings<br />
Dracaena terminalis Good luck plant<br />
Drosera or Droserae spp Sundew<br />
Dryopteris marginalis Evergreen woodfern<br />
Dryopteris marginalis Leather leaf woodfern<br />
Duchesnea indica Indian strawberry<br />
Duchesnea indica Mock strawberry<br />
E<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Echeveria ispp Chicks and hens or Chickens and hens<br />
Echeveria spp Mexican rosettes<br />
Echeveria spp Mexican snowball<br />
Echeveria spp Plush plant<br />
Echeveria spp Chenille plant, maroon<br />
Echeveria spp Echeveria<br />
Echeveria spp Hen and chicks<br />
Echeveria spp Hens and chickens<br />
Echeveria spp Mother hen and chicks<br />
Echeveria spp Painted lady<br />
Echeveria spp Wax rosette<br />
Echeveria spp Mexican firecracker
Echinacea spp Coneflower<br />
Echinacea spp Echinacea<br />
Echinacea spp Rudbeckia<br />
Eichhornia crassipes Water hyacinth<br />
Elaeagnus spp Silver berry<br />
Elaeagnus spp Russian olive<br />
Endymion hispanicus Spanish bluebell<br />
Endymion italicus Squill, Italain<br />
Endymion non-scriptus English bluebell<br />
Endymion spp Wood hyacinth<br />
Enterolobium cyclocarpum Elephant’s ear<br />
Epidendrum spp Orchid<br />
Epilobium angustifolium Fireweed<br />
Episcia cupreata Chocolate soldier<br />
Episcia dianthiflora Lace flower vine<br />
Episcia reptans Flame violet<br />
Episcia reptans Moss agate<br />
Eriogonum umbellatum Indian tobacco<br />
Eriogonum umbellatum Umbrella plant<br />
Eruca sativa Rocket<br />
Erysimum spp Mullein<br />
Escallonia spp Escallonia<br />
Eschscholzia californica <strong>California</strong> poppy<br />
Eucalyptus cordata Silver gum<br />
Eucalyptus dalrympleana Mountain gum<br />
Eugenia cyanocarpa Eugenia<br />
Euphorbia pulcherrima Christmas flower<br />
Euphorbia pulcherrima Christmas star<br />
Euphorbia pulcherrima Easter flower<br />
Euphorbia pulcherrima Flower of the Nativity<br />
Euphorbia pulcherrima Lobster plant<br />
Euphorbia pulcherrima Mexican flame tree or Mexican flameleaf<br />
Euphorbia pulcherrima Painted leaf<br />
Euphorbia pulcherrima Poinsettia<br />
Euphorbia pulcherrima Star of Bethlehem
Euryops spp Euryops<br />
Exacum affine Exacum<br />
Exacum affine German violet<br />
Exacum affine Persian violet<br />
F<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Fagus spp Beech, American<br />
Fatsia japonica Fatsia<br />
Fatsia japonica Japanese aralia<br />
Fatsia japonica Japanese fatsia<br />
Fatsia japonica Palm, bigleaf<br />
Fatsia japonica Paper plant<br />
Fatsia japonica Bigleaf palm<br />
Fenestraria rhapalophylla Baby's toes<br />
Ficus benjamina Weeping fig<br />
Ficus benjamina Ficus<br />
Ficus carica Fig<br />
Ficus elastica Rubber plant<br />
Ficus elastica Rubber tree plant<br />
Ficus spp Fiddle leaf fig<br />
Ficus spp Fiddle leaf rubber plant<br />
Ficus spp Creeping fig<br />
Ficus spp Fig, climbing<br />
Fittonia spp Silver nerve<br />
Fittonia spp Silver threads<br />
Fittonia spp Fittonia<br />
Fittonia spp Nerve plant<br />
Forsythia spp Forsythia<br />
Forsythia spp Golden bells<br />
Fragaria species Wild strawberry<br />
Freesia spp Freesia<br />
Fritillaria spp Checker lily<br />
Fritillaria spp Fritillaria<br />
Fuchsia spp Fuchsia
Fuchsia spp Lady's ear drops<br />
G<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Galtonia spp Hyacinth, summer<br />
Gardenia jasminoides Cape jasmine<br />
Gardenia jasminoides Gardenia<br />
Gazania spp Gazania<br />
Gerbera jamesoni Transvaal daisy<br />
Gerbera jamesonii African daisy<br />
Gerbera jamesonii Gerbera daisy<br />
Gesneria spp Firecracker<br />
Gesneria spp Cardinal flower<br />
Gesneria spp Helmet flower<br />
Gilia spp Cup and saucer plant<br />
Gloxinia perennis Canterbury-bell gloxinia<br />
Gloxinia perennis Gloxinia<br />
Godetia spp Godetia<br />
Graptopetalum paraguayense Mother-of-pearl plant<br />
Gynura aurantiaca Purple passion vine<br />
Gynura aurantiaca Velvet plant<br />
Gypsophila paniculata Baby’s breath<br />
H<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Halesia spp Olive, wild<br />
Halesia spp Silver bell<br />
Halesia spp Snowbell tree<br />
Halesia spp Wild olive<br />
Haworthia chalwinii Column of pearls<br />
Haworthia spp Window plant<br />
Haworthia margaritifera Pearl plant<br />
Hebe spp Veronica<br />
Hedychium coronarium Butterfly ginger<br />
Hedychium coronarium Butterfly lily<br />
Hedychium coronarium Ginger lily
Hedychium coronarium Ginger, white<br />
Helianthus annuus Sunflower<br />
Helichrysum bracteatum Strawflower<br />
Helichrysum petiolatum Licorice plant<br />
Heliconia spp Firebird<br />
Heliconia spp Plantain, false<br />
Heliconia bihai Plantain, wild<br />
Heliconia psittacorum Parakeet flower<br />
Heliconia psittacorum Parrot's flower<br />
Heliconia humilis Lobster claw<br />
Hermocallis spp Day lily<br />
Hermocallis spp Spider lily<br />
Hermocallis spp Lily, spider<br />
Hermocallis spp Spider flower<br />
Hermocallis spp Basket lily<br />
Hermocallis spp Lily, Peruvian<br />
Hermocallis spp Lily, filmy<br />
Hesperis spp Sweet rocket<br />
Heuchera sanguinea Coral bells<br />
Heuchera sanguinea Heuchera<br />
Heuchera sanguinea Alumroot<br />
Hibiscus senensis Rose of China<br />
Hibiscus spp Althea<br />
Hibiscus spp China rose<br />
Hibiscus spp Chinese hibiscus<br />
Hibiscus spp Double rose of china<br />
Hibiscus spp Hawaiian hibiscus<br />
Hibiscus spp Hibiscus<br />
Hibiscus schizopetalus Japanese lantern<br />
Hibiscus sabdariffa Roselle<br />
Hibiscus syriacus Rose of Sharon<br />
Hoheria glabrata Mountain ribbonwood<br />
Hosta spp Hosta<br />
Hosta spp Plantain lily<br />
Hoya spp Honey plant
Hoya spp Hoya plant<br />
Hoya spp Wax plant<br />
Hoya spp Porcelain flower<br />
Hymenoxys grandiflora Alpine goldflower or Alpine sunflower<br />
Hymenoxys grandiflora Compass flower<br />
Hymenoxys grandiflora Mountain sunflower<br />
Hymenoxys grandiflora Old man of the mountains<br />
Hymenoxys grandiflora Sunflower, Alpine<br />
Hymenoxys grandiflora Sunflower, mountain<br />
Hymenoxys grandiflora Sun god<br />
Hypocyrta spp Goldfish plant<br />
Hypoestes phyllostachya Baby’s tears<br />
Hypoestes phyllostachya Flamingo plant<br />
Hypoestes phyllostachya Freckle face<br />
Hypoestes phyllostachya Pink dot<br />
Hypoestes phyllostachya Pink polka dot<br />
Hypoestes phyllostachya Pink splash plant<br />
Hypoestes phyllostachya Polka dot plant<br />
I<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Impatiens spp Lady slipper<br />
Impatients spp Balsam<br />
Impateins spp Touch-me-not<br />
Impatiens spp Buzy Lizzie<br />
Impatients spp Patience plant<br />
Impatients spp Impatients<br />
Impatiens or Impatients spp Patient Lucy<br />
Impatients spp Busy Lizzy<br />
Incarvillea spp Gloxinia, hardy<br />
Iresine spp Bloodleaf plant<br />
J<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Jacaranda procera Carob tree<br />
Jacaranda procera Jacaranda tree
Jasminum rex Jasmine<br />
Jasminum sambac Pikake<br />
Justicia brandegeana Mexican shrimp plant<br />
Justicia brandegeana Shrimp bush or Shrimp plant<br />
K<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Kaempferia spp Peacock plant<br />
Kaempferia spp Resurrection lily<br />
Kalanchoe beharensis Velvet leaf<br />
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Christmas kalanchoe<br />
Kalanchoe daigremontiana Good luck plant<br />
Kalanchoe daigremontiana Monkey plant<br />
Kalanchoe pinnata Air plant<br />
Kalanchoe pinnata Mother of millions<br />
Kalanchoe pinnata Mother of thousands<br />
Kalanchoe pinnata (not the<br />
Sansevieria spp)<br />
Mother-in-law plant<br />
Kalanchoe spp Fire ball plant<br />
Kalanchoe spp Good luck leaf<br />
Kalanchoe spp Kalanchoe<br />
Kalanchoe spp Living plant<br />
Kalanchoe spp Maternity plant<br />
Kalanchoe spp Mexican love plant<br />
Kalanchoe spp Miracle leaf<br />
Kalanchoe spp Multiplication plant<br />
Kalanchoe spp Plush plant<br />
Kalanchoe tomentosa Panda plant<br />
Kalanchoe tomentosa Panda bear plant<br />
Kalanchoe uniflora Coral bells<br />
Kniphofia spp Lily, torch<br />
Kniphofia spp Poker plant<br />
Kniphofia spp Red hot poker<br />
Kohleria lindeniana Kohleria<br />
Kolkwitzia amabilis Beauty bush
L<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Lachenalia lilacina Leopard lily<br />
Lagenaria siceraria Bottle gourd<br />
Lagenaria siceraria Dipper gourd<br />
Lagerstroemia indica Crape myrtle or crepe myrtle<br />
Lagurus ovatus Rabbit’s tail grass<br />
Lagurus ovatus Hare's tail<br />
Lampranthus spp Ice plant<br />
Lavandula officinalis Lavender<br />
Lavandula spp English lavender<br />
Lavandula spp French lavender<br />
Leea spp China doll<br />
Leucocrinum montanum May flowers<br />
Liatris spp Blazing star<br />
Liatris spp Deer's tongue<br />
Liatris spp Liatris<br />
Ligustrum japonica Japanese privet<br />
Ligustrum japonicum Wax-leaf privet<br />
Ligustrum lucidium White wax tree<br />
Ligustrum lucidum Privet, Chinese<br />
Ligustrum lucidum Privet, glossy<br />
Ligustrum lucidum Privet, tree<br />
Ligustrum lucidum Privet, wax-leaf<br />
Lilium longiflorum Easter lily<br />
Lilium longiflorum Lily, Easter<br />
Lilium asiatic Lily, asiatic<br />
Lilium spp Lily, casa blanca<br />
Lilium spp Casa blanca lily<br />
Lilium spp Lily, cascade<br />
Lilium spp Lily, Japanese<br />
Lilium spp Lily, Japanese showy<br />
Lilium spp Lily, Marco Polo<br />
Lilium spp Lily, Oriental
Lilium spp Stargazer lily<br />
Lilium spp Lily, stargazer<br />
Lilium spp Lily, tiger<br />
Lilium spp Tiger lily<br />
Lilium spp Lily, regal<br />
Lilium spp Lily, Formosa<br />
Lilium spp Lily, coral<br />
Lilium spp Orange cup<br />
Lilium spp Lily, western<br />
Lilium spp Lily, wood<br />
Limonium spp Statice<br />
Linum grandiflorum Flowering flax<br />
Liquidambar styraciflua Liquidambar tree<br />
Liquidambar styraciflua Sweet gum<br />
Liquidambar styraciflua American sweet gum<br />
Liquidambar styraciflua Red gum<br />
Liriodendron chinense Chinese tulip tree<br />
Liriodendron tulipifera Tulip tree<br />
Liriope japonica Mondo grass<br />
Liriope muscari Border grass<br />
Lithops spp Living stone<br />
Lithops spp Lithops<br />
Lithops spp Stone face or Stone plant<br />
Lithops spp Marble plant<br />
Livistonia chinesis Fan palm<br />
Lobularia maritima Alyssum, sweet<br />
Lonicera fragrantissima Honeysuckle<br />
Lonicera fragrantissima Breath of spring<br />
Lunaria annua Honesty plant<br />
Lunaria annua Money plant<br />
Lychis chalcedonica London pride<br />
Lycopodium spp Moss, club<br />
Lynchnis coronaria Dusty miller<br />
Lysimachia nummularia Creeping Jenny or Creeping Joan<br />
Lysimachia nummularia Wandering Jenny
M<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Macadamia spp Australian nut<br />
Macadamia spp Macadamia nut<br />
Macademia spp Queensland nut<br />
Magnolia spp Magnolia<br />
Magnolia stellata Star magnolia<br />
Magnolia stellata Magnolia bush<br />
Magnolia tripetala Umbrella tree<br />
Magnolia x soulangiana Saucer magnolia<br />
Mahonia aquifolium Oregon grape or Oregon holly<br />
Mahonia spp Mahonia<br />
Maianthemum kamtschaticum False lily of the valley<br />
Mammillaria elongata Golden stars<br />
Mammillaria compressa Mexican pincushion cactus<br />
Mammillaria compressa Mother of hundreds<br />
Mammillaria fissurata Living rock<br />
Mammillaria fissurata Star rock<br />
Mandevilla spp Mandevilla vine<br />
Manettia bicolor Firecracker plant or vine<br />
Maranta leuconeura Prayer plant<br />
Maranta leuconeura Rabbit’s foot<br />
Maranta spp Amylum<br />
Maranta spp Arrowroot<br />
Maranta spp Maranta<br />
Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich fern<br />
Matthiola incana Stock<br />
Matthiola longipetala Perfume plant<br />
Maurandia spp Creeping gloxinia<br />
Melissa offinalis Common balm<br />
Melissa offinalis Lemon balm<br />
Mesembryanthemum cordifolium Baby sun rose<br />
Mesembryanthemum cordifolium Ice plant<br />
Mikania apiifolia Plush vine
Mimosa pudica Sensitive plant<br />
Mimosa pudica Touch-me-not<br />
Moluccella spp Bells of Ireland<br />
Molucella spp Balm<br />
Molucella spp Shell flower<br />
Montia perfoliata Miner's lettuce<br />
Morus spp Fruitless mulberry<br />
Morus spp Mulberry tree or bush<br />
Morus spp Mulberry, fruitless<br />
Muehlenbeckia complexa Maidenhair vine<br />
Muehlenbeckia complexa Necklace vine<br />
Musa acuminata Plantain<br />
Muscari spp Grape hyacinth<br />
Muscari spp Muscari<br />
Myosotis spp Forget-me-not<br />
Myrrhis odorata Anise<br />
Myrica californica <strong>California</strong> bayberry<br />
Myrica californica <strong>California</strong> wax myrtle<br />
Myrica pensylvanica Bayberry<br />
Myrica pensylvanica Candleberry<br />
Myrtus communis Common myrtle<br />
N<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Nandina domestica Bamboo bush<br />
Nandina domestica Heavenly bamboo<br />
Nandina domestica Nandina bush<br />
Nandina domestica Sacred bamboo<br />
Neoragelia spp Aregelia<br />
Neoregelia spp Blushing bromeliad<br />
Neoregelia spp Crimson cup<br />
Neoregelia spp Fingernail plant<br />
Nephrolepis spp Boston fern<br />
Nothofagus spp Black beech<br />
Nymphaea odorata Pond lily
Nyctanthes arbortristis Night jasmine<br />
Nymphaea spp Water lily<br />
Nyssa aquatica Cottongum tree<br />
Nyssa aquatica Wild olive<br />
O<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Oenothera spp Evening primrose<br />
Oenothera spp Mexican evening primrose<br />
Oenothera spp Rock rose<br />
Oenothera spp Yellow evening primrose<br />
Oenothera spp Rose of Mexico<br />
Oncidium spp Orchid<br />
Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive fern<br />
Onopordum acanthium Scotch thistle<br />
Onopordum acanthium Silver thistle<br />
Oryzopsis hymenoides Silk grass<br />
Osmanthus americanus Wild olive<br />
Osmanthus americanus American olive<br />
Osmanthus heterophyllus Chinese holly<br />
Osmanthus heterophyllus False holly<br />
Osmorhiza longistylis Anise root<br />
P<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Pelargonium citrosum Mosquito plant<br />
Pelargonium spp Geranium<br />
Pellaea rotundifolia Button fern<br />
Peperomia spp Peperomia<br />
Petunia spp Petunia<br />
Phacelia sericea <strong>California</strong> bluebell<br />
Phacelia sericea Scorpion weed<br />
Philadelphus spp Mock orange<br />
Phlox diuaricata Sweet William phlox<br />
Phlox spp Flocks<br />
Phlox spp Flox
Phlox spp Phlox<br />
Phoenix canariensis Canary date palm<br />
Phoenix spp Palm, date (except for thorns)<br />
Photina spp (except arbutifolia) Photina (except arbutifolia which is toxic)<br />
Photinia glabra Japanese photina<br />
Photinia glabra Photinia, Japanese<br />
Phyllostachys aurea Bamboo, common<br />
Picea spp Spruce tree<br />
Pilea spp Artillery plant<br />
Pilea cadierei Aluminum plant<br />
Pilea involucrate Friendship plant<br />
Pilea nummulariifolia Creeping charlie<br />
Pilea spp Pilea<br />
Pinus spp Pine tree<br />
Pinus glabra Cedar pine<br />
Pinus glabra Spruce pine<br />
Pittosporum spp Pittosporum<br />
Pittosporum tobira Australian laurel<br />
Pittosporum tobira Mock orange<br />
Plantago major Plantago<br />
Plantago major Plantain, broad-leaved<br />
Platanus occidentalis Plane tree<br />
Platanus acerifolia London plane tree<br />
Platanus spp Sycamore tree<br />
Platycerium angolense Elephant’s ear fern<br />
Platycerium spp Elk's horn<br />
Platycerium spp Queen elkhorn<br />
Platycerium spp Staghorn fern<br />
Platycodon grandiflorus Balloon flower<br />
Platycodon grandiflorus Bell flower<br />
Plectranthus australis Creeping charlie<br />
Plectranthus australis Swedish ivy<br />
Plectranthus oetendahlii Candle plant<br />
Plectranthus oetendahlii Plectranthus<br />
Pleiospilos spp Living stone
Pleiospilos spp Mimicry plant<br />
Pleomele reflexa Dracaena, Malaysian<br />
Pleomele thaliodes Dracaena, lance<br />
Pleroma spp Glory bush<br />
Pleroma spp Lasiandra<br />
Poa pratensis June grass<br />
Poa pratensis Kentucky bluegrass<br />
Poa pratensis Speargrass<br />
Polystichum munitum Sword fern<br />
Polystichum spp Christmas dagger fern<br />
Populus spp Cottonwood<br />
Populus spp Aspen<br />
Portulaca grandiflora Moss rose<br />
Portulaca oleracea Portulaca<br />
Portulaca oleracea Purslane<br />
Portulacaria afra Jade plant<br />
Potentilla spp Cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla spp Potentilla<br />
Potentilla spp Silver weed<br />
Protea mellifera Honey flower<br />
Protea spp Protea<br />
Pseudotsuga spp Fir tree<br />
Pterospora andromedea Giant bird's nest<br />
Pyracantha spp Firethorn (except for thorns)<br />
Pyracantha spp Pyracantha (except for thorns)<br />
Q<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Quesnelia spp Billbergia<br />
R<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Radermachera sinica China doll<br />
Radermachera sinica Evergreen plant<br />
Raphia farinifera Raffia<br />
Raphia farinifera Sago
Raphiolepsis indica Indian hawthorn<br />
Raphiolepsis indica Raphiolepsis<br />
Ratibida columnaris Mexican hat<br />
Rechsteineria cardinalis Cardinal flower<br />
Rhapis spp Lady palm<br />
Rhapis spp Palm, tufted fan<br />
Rhus cotinoides Smoke tree, American<br />
Romneya coulteri Matilija poppy<br />
Rosa spp (except for Rosa rugose) Rose (except for thorns)<br />
Rosa spp (except for Rosa rugose) Rosehips (berries)<br />
Rosa spp (except for Rosa rugose) Hip berries<br />
Rubus spp June berry<br />
Rudbeckia spp Rudbeckia<br />
Rudbeckia purpurea Cone flower, purple<br />
Rudbergia grandiflora Mountain sunflower<br />
Rumohra adiantiformis Fern, iron<br />
Rumohra adiantiformis Fern, leather<br />
Rumohra adiantiformis Fern, leatherleaf<br />
S<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Saintpaulia ionantha African violet<br />
Salix discolor Pussy willow<br />
Salix spp Willow<br />
Salvia columbariae Chia<br />
Salvia spp Salvia<br />
Salvia spp Sage<br />
Sanvitalia spp Creeping zinnia<br />
Saxifraga cordifolia Elephant's ear<br />
Saxifraga spp Saxifraga<br />
Saxifraga spp Strawberry begonia<br />
Saxifraga spp Strawberry geranium<br />
Saxifraga ciliata Winter begonia<br />
Saxifraga stolonifera Mother of thousands<br />
Scabiosa spp Pincushion flower
Scabiosa spp Scabiosa<br />
Schefflera arboricola Dwarf schefflera<br />
Schefflera spp Schefflera<br />
Schefflera actinophylla Australian umbrella tree<br />
Schefflera actinophylla Octopus tree<br />
Schefflera actinophylla Umbrella tree<br />
Schefflera actinophylla Queensland umbrella tree<br />
Schefflera actinophylla Queen's umbrella tree<br />
Schizanthus spp Butterfly flower<br />
Schlumbergera bridgesii Christmas cactus<br />
Schlumbergera bridgesii Zygocactus<br />
Sedum morganianum Donkey’s-tail<br />
Sedum morganianum Horse’s tail<br />
Sedum morganianum Burro’s tail<br />
Sedum morganianum Lamb’s tail<br />
Sedum multiceps Joshua tree<br />
Sedum pachyphyllum Jelly beans<br />
Sedum rubrotinctum Stonecrop<br />
Sedum sieboldii October plant<br />
Sedum sieboldii Daphne, October<br />
Sedum spp Sedum<br />
Sedum stahlii Coral beads<br />
Sedum telephium Live forever<br />
Sedum weinbergii Mother-of-pearl plant<br />
Sedum weinbergii Ghost plant<br />
Selaginella lepidophylla Resurrection plant<br />
Sempervivum tectorum Hen and chicks<br />
Sempervivum tectorum Chicks and hens<br />
Senecio cineraria Dusty miller<br />
Silene acaulis Campion<br />
Silene acaulis Maiden’s tears<br />
Silene acualis Campion, moss or mossy<br />
Silene acualis Cushion pink<br />
Sinningia cardinalis Cardinal flower<br />
Sinningia cardinalis Helmet flower
Sinningia pusilla Cinderella slippers<br />
Sinningia speciosa Bright eyes<br />
Sinningia speciosa Gloxinia<br />
Smilax gluaca Sarsaparilla, wild<br />
Smithiantha cinnabarina Temple bells<br />
Smithiantha multiflora Naegelia<br />
Soleirolia soleirolii Angel’s tears<br />
Soleirolia soleirolii Irish moss<br />
Soleirolia soleirolii Peace in the home<br />
Soleirolia soleirolii Baby’s tears<br />
Soleirolia soleirolii Creeping nettle<br />
Sorbus spp Ash, mountain<br />
Sparaxis tricolor Sparaxis<br />
Sparaxis tricolor Wand flower<br />
Spathodea campanulata Tulip tree<br />
Sphaeropteris medullaris Sago fern<br />
Spirea spp Spirea<br />
Spuria spp Butterfly iris<br />
Stachy spp Lamb’s ears<br />
Stephanotis floribunda Bride’s flower<br />
Stephanotis floribunda Clustered wax flower<br />
Stephanotis floribunda Stephanotis<br />
Stephanotis floribunda Wax flower<br />
Streptocarpus spp Cape primrose<br />
Strongylodon macrobotrys Jade vine<br />
Styrax japonica Japanese snowbell<br />
Symphoricarpos spp Snowberry, mountain<br />
Symphoricarpos spp Snowberry, western<br />
Syringa spp Lilac<br />
Syzygium cuminii Eugenia<br />
T<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Taraxacum officinale Dandelion<br />
Taraxacum officinale Lion's tooth
Tecomaria capensis Cape honeysuckle<br />
Thea japonica Camellia<br />
Thunbergia alata Black-eyed susan vine<br />
Tibouchina spp Glory bush<br />
Tibouchina spp Lasiandra<br />
Tibouchina spp Spider flower<br />
Tilia americana Linden tree<br />
Tillandsia usneoides Spanish moss<br />
Tithonia spp Mexican sunflower<br />
Tolmiea menziesii Curiosity plant<br />
Tolmiea menziesii Mother of thousands<br />
Tolmiea menziesii Piggyback plant<br />
Townsendia sericea Aster, giant<br />
Trachelospermum jasminoides Star jasmine<br />
Tradescantia multiflora Tahitian bridal veil<br />
Tradescantia reginae Queen's spiderwort<br />
Tradescantia navicularis Chain plant<br />
Tropaeolum spp Nasturtium<br />
Tsuga spp (do NOT confuse with toxic<br />
Conium or Cicuta species!)<br />
Hemlock tree<br />
Tulbaghia violacea Society garlic<br />
Typha latifolia<br />
V<br />
Cat tail<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Valerianella locusta Lamb's lettuce<br />
Veitchia merrillii Dwarf royal palm<br />
Verbascum spp Mullein<br />
Verbena spp (except Verbena hastata) Verbena<br />
Verbena spp (except Verbena hastata) Vervain<br />
Veronica spp Veronica<br />
Viburnum cassinoides Tea-berry<br />
Viburnum lentago Sweetberry
Viburnum macrocephalum Snowball, Chinese<br />
Viburnum odoratissimum Sweet viburnum<br />
Viburnum plicatum Snowball, Japanese<br />
Viburnum spp Snowball bush<br />
Viburnum spp Squaw bush<br />
Viburnum spp Tea plant<br />
Viburnum spp Viburnum<br />
Viburnum spp Alder, black<br />
Vicia sativa Vetch, common<br />
Viola cornuta Johnny jump up (except for seeds)<br />
Viola odorata Violets (except for seeds)<br />
Viola spp Violas (except for seeds)<br />
Viola tricolor Pansy (except for seeds)<br />
Vitex spp Sage tree<br />
Vitex spp Wild pepper<br />
Vitus californica Wild grape<br />
Vitus californica Grape, wild<br />
Vitus vinifera Wine grape<br />
Vitus vinifera European grape<br />
Vitus vinifera Grape<br />
Vriesea hieroglyphica Bromeliad king<br />
Vriesea carinata Lobster claws<br />
Vriesea carinata Painted feather<br />
Vriesea splendens Flaming sword<br />
W<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Washingtonia spp Palm, desert fan<br />
Washingtonia spp Mexican fan palm<br />
Washingtonia spp Thread palm<br />
Watsonia spp Watsonia<br />
Weigela spp Weigela<br />
X<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Xylosma spp Xylosma
Y<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Yucca brevifolia Joshua tree<br />
Yucca spp Dagger plant<br />
Yucca spp Spanish bayonet<br />
Yucca spp Yucca<br />
Z<br />
Latin or scientific name Common name<br />
Zanthosoma lindeni Indian kale<br />
Zebrina pendula Inch plant<br />
Zebrina pendula Wandering Jew<br />
Zinnia spp Zinnia<br />
TOXIC <strong>PLANTS</strong><br />
Introduction<br />
Plants are considered poisonous if they can cause some type of negative reaction from the<br />
exposure. Reactions can range from mild to serious, depending on the amount of the<br />
exposure. Some plants cause only a red itchy rash. Some plants cause vomiting and<br />
diarrhea. But some plants can be very dangerous and have effects on the heart, liver or<br />
kidneys.<br />
Each situation is unique. Reactions to plants can depend on factors such as the age and<br />
size of the patient, health factors such as allergies and the amount of the exposure.<br />
Always call the poison center for up-to-the-minute treatment advice.<br />
In general, plants considered poisonous to humans are likely to be poisonous to animals<br />
as well. Animals tend to eat larger amounts than humans so they may get sicker than<br />
humans from eating plants.<br />
It is essential to know the names of the plants in your house and in your yard. Keep the<br />
name tags that come with new plants attached for future identification. If your child is<br />
being cared for at a relative’s house or daycare, it is important to know if they have<br />
dangerous plants to which your child could be exposed.<br />
You must have a name of the plant (either the common name or the Latin (scientific)<br />
name) to get the most reliable specific information. <strong>Poison</strong> center staff cannot identify<br />
plants over the phone from the description of the plant. There are over 1000,000 species<br />
of plants. A call to the poison center about an unknown plant described as having big<br />
shiny green leaves is not enough information to know what the plant is. If you do not
know the name of the plant, take the plant or a part of the plant with leaves, berries or<br />
flowers to a reputable plant nursery for a positive identification. Try to get the common<br />
name and the Latin scientific name. Then call the <strong>California</strong> <strong>Poison</strong> <strong>Control</strong> <strong>System</strong> at<br />
1-800-222-1222 for more help.<br />
This is a guide to dangerous plants but it should not be used as a substitute for calling the<br />
poison center if a person or an animal has eaten a plant. The <strong>California</strong> <strong>Poison</strong> <strong>Control</strong><br />
<strong>System</strong> is available 24 hours a day at 1-800-222-1222. If you are not in <strong>California</strong>,<br />
calling 1-800-222-1222 will connect you to your nearest poison control center.<br />
HOW TO USE THIS TOXIC PLANT LIST<br />
An alphabetical list of the more common toxic plants, flowers, shrubs and trees follows.<br />
This list is in two parts. The first list is alphabetical by common name and the second list<br />
is alphabetical by Latin or scientific name.<br />
Look at the list and see which number is in the last column. Read the rating information<br />
guide below to see how the plant is dangerous.<br />
TOXIC PLANT RATING GUIDE<br />
Rating Definition What this means<br />
1 Dermal Skin contact with these plants can cause symptoms ranging from<br />
2a Oxalatesfast<br />
onset<br />
2b Oxalateslate<br />
onset<br />
redness, itching, and rash to painful blisters like skin burns.<br />
The juice or sap of these plants contains tiny oxalate crystals that<br />
are shaped like tiny needles. Chewing on these plants can cause<br />
immediate pain and irritation to the lips, mouth and tongue. In<br />
severe cases, they may cause breathing problems by causing<br />
swelling in the throat.<br />
These plants also contain oxalate crystals but they do not cause<br />
immediate problems. These plants have tiny crystals that lodge<br />
in the kidneys and can cause kidney damage as well as nausea,<br />
vomiting and diarrhea.<br />
3 Moderate Ingestion of these plants is expected to cause nausea, vomiting,<br />
diarrhea and other symptoms that may cause illness but is not<br />
life-threatening.<br />
4 Major Ingestion of these plants, especially in large amounts, is<br />
expected to cause serious effects to the heart, liver, kidneys or<br />
brain. If ingested in any amount, call the poison center<br />
immediately.<br />
WHAT TO DO FOR A PLANT POISONING<br />
• Do NOT induce vomiting.<br />
• Remove any plant parts from the mouth or hands.<br />
• Wash around the mouth and hands and give a few sips of water.<br />
• Check for any irritation of the skin, mouth or tongue.<br />
• Call the <strong>California</strong> <strong>Poison</strong> <strong>Control</strong> <strong>System</strong> at 1-800-222-1222
• Even if you are not sure, call the poison center for help. It will not be as waste of<br />
time.<br />
• Do not wait for symptoms to appear. Treatment will be more difficult once<br />
symptoms have developed.<br />
• If you are advised to go to the hospital, take the plant or part of the plant with you.<br />
Table 3. Toxic Plants by Common Name<br />
A<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Absinth Artemesia absinthium 4<br />
Acacia palida Leucaena leucocephala 4<br />
Acacia, black Robinia pseudoacacia 4<br />
Acacia, false Robinia pseudoacacia 4<br />
Aconite Aconitium napellus 4<br />
Acorn Quercus spp 1,3<br />
Adam-and-Eve Arum maculatum 1,2a<br />
African lily Agapanthus spp 1<br />
Agapanthus Agapanthus spp 1<br />
Agapanthus, pink Nerine bowdenii 3<br />
Alder tree Alnus spp 1<br />
Allamanda, pink or purple Cryptostegia grandiflora 4<br />
Allamanda, wild Urechites spp 4<br />
Allium Allium sativum 1,3<br />
Alocasia Alocasia spp 2a<br />
Aloe vera Aloe barbadensis 1,3<br />
Alstroemeria Alstroemeria aurantiaca 1,3<br />
Amaryllis Amaryllis spp 3<br />
Amaryllis Hippeastrum spp 3<br />
Amaryllis belladonna Amaryllis belladonna 3<br />
American valerian Cypripedium calceolus 1<br />
Amethyst flower Browallia spp 1<br />
Anemone Anemone spp 1,3<br />
Angel wings Caladium 2a<br />
Angel’s trumpet Datura spp 4<br />
Angelica Angelica archangelica 1,4<br />
Angel's tears Narcissus triandrus 1,3<br />
Anthurium Anthurium spp 2a
Apple (chewed seeds) Malus spp 4<br />
Apple (chewed seeds) Pyrus sylvestris 4<br />
Apple of Peru Datura stramonium 4<br />
Apple, balsam Momordica balsamina 3<br />
Apricot (chewed pits) Prunus armeniaca 4<br />
Apricot vine Passiflora incarnata 4<br />
Archangel Angelica archangelica 1,4<br />
Arnica Arnica spp 1,4<br />
Arrowhead vine Syngonium podophyllum 2a<br />
Arum Arum spp 1,2a<br />
Ash, American Fraxinus americana 1<br />
Ash, European Fraxinus excelsior 1<br />
Asthma plant or weed Chamaesyce hirta 1<br />
Asthma plant or weed Euphorbia hirta 1<br />
Asthma weed Lobelia inflata 1,4<br />
Atamasco lily Zephyranthes atamasco 1,3<br />
Avocado (leaves, stems, seeds) Persea americana 4<br />
Azalea Rhododendron genus 4<br />
B<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Baltic ivy Hedera helix 1,3<br />
Baneberry Actaea rubra 1,4<br />
Barbados flower Caesalpinia pulcherrima 3<br />
Barbados pride Caesalpinia spp 3<br />
Barbados pride Poinciana gelliesii 3<br />
Barberry Berberis spp 4<br />
Basket flower Centaurea americana 1,3<br />
Basket lily Hymenocallis americana 3<br />
Be still tree Thevetia peruviana 4<br />
Bean tree Cytisus laburnum 4<br />
Bean tree Laburnum spp 4<br />
Beech, European Fagus sylvatica 3<br />
Beech, Japanese Fagus crenta 3<br />
Beech, ornamental Fagus sylvatica 3<br />
Belladonna Atropa belladonna 4<br />
Belladonna lily Amaryllis belladonna 3
Bindweed Alystegia sepium 1,3<br />
Bird of paradise Caesalpinia gilliesii 3<br />
Bird of paradise Poinciana gilliesii 3<br />
Birdsfoot ivy Hedera helix 1,3<br />
Bishop's weed Ammi majus 1<br />
Bitter almond Prunus dulcis 4<br />
Bitter orange Citrus aurantium 1<br />
Black cohosh Cimicifuga racemosa 4<br />
Black eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta 1<br />
Black henbane Hyoscyamus niger 4<br />
Black oak Quercus velutina 1,3<br />
Black-eyed Susan Abrus precatorius 4<br />
Bleeding heart Dientra formosa 1,4<br />
Blood flower or Blood lily Haemanthus coccineus 3<br />
Bloodroot Sanguinaria canadensis 3<br />
Blue bonnet Lupinus spp 4<br />
Blue buttons Vinca major 4<br />
Blue cohosh Caulophyllum thalictroides 1,4<br />
Blue gum tree Eucalyptus globulus 3<br />
Boston ivy Parthenocissus tricuspidata 2a, 2b<br />
Bougainvillea Bougainvillea spp 1<br />
Box thorn Lycium halimifolium 4<br />
Boxwood Buxus sempervirens 1,4<br />
Bracken fern Pteridium aquilinum 4<br />
Bradford pear Pyrus calleryana 1<br />
Breadfruit vine Monstera deliciosa 2a<br />
Bridesmaid Chrysanthemum spp 1,3<br />
Broom bush Retama raetam 4<br />
Buckeye Aesculus spp 3<br />
Buckhorn Osmunda cinnamonea 3<br />
Buckthorn Karwinski humboltiana 4<br />
Buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica 4<br />
Burning bush Dictamnus albus 1<br />
Burning bush Euonymus atropurpurea 3<br />
Burning bush Kochia scoparia 1, 2a, 2b<br />
Buttercup Ranunculus spp 1,3<br />
Butterfly iris Iris spuria 1,3
Butterfly weed Asclepias tuberosa 4<br />
Butternut Juglans cinerea 1<br />
C<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Caffre lily Clivia miniata 3<br />
Caladium Caladium 2a<br />
Caladium Colocasia esculenta 2a<br />
Calico flower Aristolochia elegans 4<br />
<strong>California</strong> buckeye Aesculus californica 3<br />
<strong>California</strong> live oak Quercus agrifolia 1,3<br />
Calla lily Zantedeschia spp 2a<br />
Calycanthus (seeds) Calycanthus spp 4<br />
Camomile Anthemis cotula 1<br />
Camphor tree Cinnamomum camphora 4<br />
Camus, white Zigadenus elegans 4<br />
Candle berry tree Aleurites moluccana 1,3<br />
Candle plant Senecio articulatus 4<br />
Candleberry Myrica cerifera 1<br />
Candleberry tree Jatropha molucanna 1,3<br />
Candlenut oil tree Jatropha molucanna 1,3<br />
Candlenut oil tree Aleurites moluccana 1,3<br />
Cape belladonna Amaryllis belladonna 3<br />
Cardinal flower Lobelia cardinalis 1,4<br />
Carnation Dianthus spp 1<br />
Carolina allspice (seeds) Calycanthus spp 4<br />
Carolina jasmine Gelsemium sempervirens 1,4<br />
Carolina jessamine Gelsemium sempervirens 1,4<br />
Carolina moonseed Cocculus carolinus 4<br />
Carolina pink Spigelia marilandica 4<br />
Carolina wild woodbine Gelsemium sempervirens 1,4<br />
Caroline yellow jessamine Gelsemium sempervirens 1,4<br />
Cascara Rhamus purshiana 4<br />
Cassava Jatropha manihot 4<br />
Castor bean Ricinus communis 4<br />
Catnip Nepeta cataria 3<br />
Cat's claw Pithecellobium unguis-cati 1
Caustic weed Euphorbia drummondii 1,3<br />
Cayenne pepper Capsicum spp 1,3<br />
Cedar Juniperus virginia 1,3<br />
Century plant Agave americana 1,3<br />
Cestrum, day blooming Cestrum diurnum 4<br />
Chalice vine Solandra longiflora 4<br />
Chamomile Anthemis cotula 1<br />
Chapparal leaf Larrea tridentate 4<br />
Chenille plant Acalypha hispida 1,3<br />
Cherry (chewed pits) Prunus spp 4<br />
Cherry laurel Laurocerasus officinalis 4<br />
Cherry laurel Prunus laurocerasus 4<br />
Cherry pepper Capsicum spp 1,3<br />
Cherry tomato (green parts) Lycopersicon lycopersicum 4<br />
Cherry tomato (green parts) Physalis peruviana 4<br />
Cherry, bitter (chewed seeds) Prunus emarginata 4<br />
Cherry, wild (chewed seeds) Prunus serotina 4<br />
Chicken weed Euphorbia thymifolia 1<br />
Chili pepper Capsicum spp 1,3<br />
Chinaberry Melia azedarach 4<br />
Chinese lantern Abutilon hybridum 1<br />
Chinese lantern plant Physalis alkekengi 4<br />
Chinese tallow tree Sapium sebiferum 1,3<br />
Chokecherry (chewed seeds) Prunus virginiana 4<br />
Christmas berry (leaves) Photinia arbutifolia 4<br />
Christmas berry tree Schinus terebinthifolius 1<br />
Christmas candle Euphorbia tithymaloides 3<br />
Christmas candle Pedilanthus spp 1,3<br />
Christmas orange Solanum capsicastrum 4<br />
Christmas rose Helleborus niger 4<br />
Chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum spp 1,3<br />
Cinnamonwood Sassafras spp 4<br />
Citronella grass Cymbopogon nardus 1<br />
Clematis Clematis spp 1,3<br />
Clivia Clivia miniata 3<br />
Clover pink Dianthus caryophyllus 1<br />
Clover, sweet white Melilotus alba 4
Clover, sweet yellow Melilotus officinalis 4<br />
Cocklebur Xanthium spp 1,3<br />
Coffee bean Sesbania vesicaria 4<br />
Coffee tree Polyscias guilfoyei 1,3<br />
Coffeeberry Rhamnus californica 3<br />
Cohosh Actaea spicata 1,4<br />
Cola nut Cola nitida 4<br />
Colchicine Colchicum autumnale 4<br />
Colocasia Colocasia esculenta 2a<br />
Comfrey Symphytum officinale 4<br />
Coral beads Cocculus carolinus 4<br />
Coral bean Erythrina spp 4<br />
Coral berry Rivina humilis 3<br />
Coral berry Symphoricarpus spp 3<br />
Coral plant Jatropha multifida 4<br />
Coralberry Actaea spicata 1,4<br />
Coriaria Coriaria spp 4<br />
Corn lily Veratrum spp 4<br />
Cotoneaster Cotoneaster spp 4<br />
Cow parsley Heracleum sphondylium 1<br />
Cow parsnip Heracleum sphondylium 1<br />
Cowbane Cicuta maculata 4<br />
Cowslip Caltha palustris 1,3<br />
Cowslip Primula veris 1<br />
Crabapple (chewed seeds) Malus baccata 4<br />
Crabapple (chewed seeds) Pyrus sylvestris 4<br />
Crabapple, flowering Malus ioensis 4<br />
Crabapple, ornamental (chewed seeds) Pyrus floribunda 4<br />
Creeping charlie Glechoma hederacea 3<br />
Creeping charlie Nepeta hederacea 3<br />
Creosote bush Larrea tridentate 4<br />
Crocus, autumn Colchicum autumnale 4<br />
Crocus, fall Colchicum autumnale 4<br />
Crotalaria Crotalaria spectabilis 4<br />
Croton Codiaeum spp 1<br />
Croton Croton tiglium 1,4
Crown of thorns Euphorbia milii 1,3<br />
Crown plant Calotropis gigantea 4<br />
Crown vetch Coronilla varia 1<br />
Cruel plant Araujia sericifera 1,3<br />
Cultivated tobacco Nicotiana tabacum 4<br />
Curly dock Rumex crispus 1,2b<br />
Cycads Cycadaceae family 4<br />
Cycads Zamia spp 4<br />
Cycas Cycas spp 4<br />
Cycas Zamia spp 4<br />
Cyclamen Cyclamen spp 3<br />
Cyperus Cyperus spp 4<br />
D<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Daffodil (bulb) Narcissus spp 1,3<br />
Daisy Chrysanthemum spp 1,3<br />
Daphne Daphne mezereum 1,4<br />
Datura Datura spp 4<br />
Day blooming cestrum Cestrum diurnum 4<br />
Day blooming jessamine Cestrum diurnum 4<br />
Dead man fingers Oenantha crocata 4<br />
Deadly hemlock Conium maculatum 4<br />
Deadly nightshade Atropa belladonna 4<br />
Deadly nightshade Solanum spp 4<br />
Death camus Zigadenus or Zygadenus spp 4<br />
Delphinium Delphinium spp 4<br />
Desert rose Adenium obesum 4<br />
Devil weed Datura stamonium 4<br />
Devil’s backbone Kalanchoe daigremontiana 4<br />
Devil’s backbone Pedilanthus tithymaloides 1,3<br />
Devil’s bit Chamaelirium luteum 3<br />
Devil’s darning needle Clematis virginiana 1,3<br />
Devil’s ivy Epipremnum aureum 2a<br />
Devil’s ivy Scindapsus aureus 2a<br />
Devil’s tongue Amorphophallus rivieri 1,2a<br />
Devil's apple Datura stramonium 4
Devil's apple Solanum dulcamara 4<br />
Devil's backbone Euphorbia tithymaloides 3<br />
Devil's tobacco Lobelia tupa 4<br />
Devils tomato Solanum eleagnifolium 4<br />
Devil's trumpet Datura stramonium 4<br />
Devils’ ear Arisaema triphyllum 1,2a<br />
Dieffenbachia Dieffenbachia spp 2a<br />
Dock Rumex spp 2b<br />
Dog fennel Anthemis cotula 1<br />
Dogwood, bloodtwig Cornus sanguinea 1<br />
Dolls-eyes Actaea spicata 1,4<br />
Donkeytail Euphorbia myrsinites 1,3<br />
Dragon lily or Dragon plant Dracunculus vulgaris 2a<br />
Dragon root Arisaema spp 2a<br />
Dragon tail Arisaema dracontium 2a<br />
Dumb plant Dieffenbachia spp 2a<br />
Dumbcane Dieffenbachia spp 2a<br />
Dusty miller Senecio spp 4<br />
E<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Easter flower Anemone patens 1,3<br />
Easter rose Helleborus niger 4<br />
Eastern poison oak Rhus quercifolium 1<br />
Eastern poison oak Toxicodendron quercifolium 1<br />
Elderberry (all but ripe berries) Sambucus spp 3<br />
Elephant garlic Allium ampeloprasum 1,3<br />
Elephant’s ear philodendron Philodendron hastatum 2a<br />
Elephant’s foot Elephantopus scaber 4<br />
Elephant's ear Alocasia 1,2a<br />
Elephant's ear Caladium 2a<br />
Elephant's ear Colocasia esculenta 2a<br />
English holly Ilex spp 3<br />
English laurel Laurocerasus officinalis 4<br />
English laurel Prunus laurocerasus 4<br />
English yew Taxus baccata 4<br />
Eucalyptus Eucalyptus globulus 3
Euonymus Euonymus spp 3<br />
F<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
False Jerusalem cherry Solanum capsicastrum 4<br />
False parsley Aethusa cynapium 4<br />
False parsley Cicuta maculata 4<br />
False poinciana Daubentonia punicea 4<br />
False poinciana Sesbania punicea 4<br />
False Queen Anne’s lace Ammi majus 1<br />
Fiddle flower Euphorbia tithymaloides 3<br />
Fiddleflower Pedilanthus tithymaloides 1,3<br />
Fiddleheads Osmunda cinnamonea 3<br />
Fiddleleaf philodendron Philodendron bipennifolium 2a<br />
Filbert Corylus spp 1<br />
Fire cracker plant Aesculus pavia 3<br />
Fire fern Oxalis spp 2b<br />
Fire lily Hippeastrum amaryllis 3<br />
Fireball or Firebush Kochia scoparia 1, 2a, 2b<br />
Fire-dragon Acalypha wilkesiana 3<br />
Fishtail palm Solanum aculeatissimum 4<br />
Flag Iris spp 1,3<br />
Flag lily Iris versicolor 1,3<br />
Flamingo flower Anthurium scherzeranum 2a<br />
Flax Linium spp 4<br />
Flax olive Daphne spp 1,4<br />
Fleur-de-lis Iris germanica 1,3<br />
Flowering almond Prunus spp 4<br />
Flowering cherry Prunus spp 4<br />
Flowering crabapple (chewed seeds) Malus ioensis 4<br />
Flowering crabapple (chewed seeds) Pyrus ioensis 4<br />
Flowering maple Abutilon hybridum 1<br />
Flowering plum Prunus cerasifera 'atropurpurea' 4<br />
Flying saucers Ipomoea tricolor 4<br />
Fool’s parsley Aethusa cynapium 4<br />
Four o'clock (seeds) Mirabilis jalapa 1,3<br />
Foxglove Digitalis purpurea 4
Foxtail Acalypha hispida 1,3<br />
Foxtail Equisetum spp 4<br />
Fragrance of the night Cestrum nocturnum 4<br />
Fraxinella Dictamnus albus 1<br />
Fruit salad plant Monstera deliciosa 2a<br />
G<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Garland flower Dapne cneorum 1,4<br />
Garlic Allium sativum 1,3<br />
Gelsemium Gelsemium sempervirens 1,4<br />
Geranium, <strong>California</strong> Senecio petasitis 4<br />
Geranium, velvet Senecio petasitis 4<br />
Ginkgo Ginkgo biloba 1,4<br />
Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo biloba 1,4<br />
Ginseng Panax pseudoginseng 4<br />
Glacier lily Erythronium grandiflorum 1,3<br />
Gladiola Gladiola 3<br />
Gloriosa lily Gloriosa superba 4<br />
Glory lily Gloriosa superba 4<br />
Golden buttons Tanacetum vulgare 1,3<br />
Golden pothos Epipremnum aureum 2a<br />
Golden pothos Scindapsus aureus 2a<br />
Golden ragwort Senecio aureus 4<br />
Golden rain Cassia spp 3<br />
Golden seal Hydrastis canadensis 4<br />
Good luckleaf or plant Oxalis deppei 2b<br />
Gopher plant Euphorbia lathyrus 1,3<br />
Gordoloba Achillea millefolium 1,3<br />
Gotu kola Hydrocotyle spp 1,4<br />
Green dragon Arisaema dracontium 2a<br />
Green dragon Datura stramonium 4<br />
Green hellebore Veratrum viride 4<br />
Green ripples Hedera helix 1,3<br />
H<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Habanero pepper Capsicum spp 1,3
Hawaiian baby woodrose (seeds) Argyreia nervosa 4<br />
Hawaiian poppy Argemone glauca 4<br />
Hawaiian prickly poppy Argemone glauca 4<br />
Hawaiian woodrose Merremia tuberose 4<br />
Hazelnut Corylus spp 1<br />
Healing onion Ornithogalum caudatum 1,4<br />
Heart-of-Jesus Caladium bicolor 2a<br />
Hearts and honey vine Ipomoea x multifida 4<br />
Heath/Heather Calluna vulgaris 4<br />
Heavenly blue Ipomoea spp 4<br />
Heliotrope Heliotropium spp 4<br />
Hellebore Helleborus niger 4<br />
Hellebore Veratrum viride 4<br />
Hells bells Datura stramonium 4<br />
Helmet flower Aconitium napellus 4<br />
Hemlock Conium maculatum 4<br />
Hemlock, poison Conium maculatum 4<br />
Hemlock, spotted Cicuta maculata 4<br />
Hemlock, spotted Conium maculatum 4<br />
Hemlock, water Cicuta maculata 4<br />
Henbane Hyoscyamus spp 4<br />
Holly (berry) Ilex spp 3<br />
Hop, common Humulus lupulus 1<br />
Hop, European Humulus lupulus 1<br />
Hops, wild Bryonia spp 3<br />
Horn-of-plenty Datura spp 4<br />
Horse chestnut Aesculus spp 3<br />
Horse poison Hippobroma longiflora 4<br />
Horse willow Equisetum spp 4<br />
Horseradish Armoracia rusticana 3<br />
Horsetail Equisetum spp 4<br />
Hyacinth (bulb) Hyacinthus orientalis 1,3<br />
Hydrangea Hydrangea spp 4<br />
Hypericum Hypericum perforatum 1,3<br />
I<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating
Incense cedar Calocedrus decurrens 1<br />
Indian aloe Aloe barbadensis 1,3<br />
Indian apple Datura inoxia 4<br />
Indian bead or bean Abrus precatorius 4<br />
Indian bean Erythrina spp 4<br />
Indian currant Symphoricarpos spp 3<br />
Indian dye Hydrastis canadensis 4<br />
Indian hemp Apocynum cannabinum 4?<br />
Indian paint Chenopodium capitatum 1<br />
Indian paint Hydrastis canadensis 4<br />
Indian paint brush Asclepias spp 4<br />
Indian pink Dianthus chinensis 1<br />
Indian pink Lobelia cardinalis 1,4<br />
Indian pink Spigelia marilandica 4<br />
Indian poke Phytolacca acinosa 3<br />
Indian poke Veratrum viride 4<br />
Indian rubber vine Cryptostegia grandiflora 4<br />
Indian tobacco Lobelia inflata 1,4<br />
Inkberry (pokeweed) Phytolacca americana 3<br />
Ipomea Exogonium purga 3<br />
Iris Iris spp 1,3<br />
Irish shamrock Oxalis acetosella 2b<br />
Irish tops Cytisus scoparius 3<br />
Irish tops Spartium scoparium 4<br />
Iron wood Cassia siamea 4<br />
Italian arum Arum italicum 2a<br />
Ivy Hedera spp 1,3<br />
Ivy bush Kalmia latifolia 4<br />
Ivy, Algerian Hedera canariensis 1<br />
Ivy, Baltic Hedera helix 1,3<br />
Ivy, <strong>California</strong> Hedera helix 1,3<br />
Ivy, Canary Hedera canariensis 1<br />
Ivy, common Philodendron scandens 2a<br />
Ivy, English Hedera helix 1,3<br />
Ivy, Madeira Hedera canariensis 1<br />
Ivy, parlor Philodendron scandens 2a<br />
Ivy, water Senecio mikanioides 4
J<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Jack-in-the-pulpit Arisaema triphyllum 1,2a<br />
Jaggery palm Caryota urens 1,2a<br />
Jalapeno peppers Capsicum spp 1,3<br />
Japanese apricot Prunus mume 4<br />
Japanese aucuba Aucuba japonica 3<br />
Japanese bead tree Melia azedarach 4<br />
Japanese flowering apricot Prunus mume 4<br />
Japanese flowering cherry Prunus spp 4<br />
Japanese lantern Physalis alkekengi 4<br />
Japanese laurel Aucuba japonica 3<br />
Japanese pagoda tree Sophora japonica 4<br />
Japanese plum (seeds) Eriobotrya japonica 4<br />
Jasmine, French Calotropis procera 4<br />
Jasmine, night blooming Cestrum nocturnum 4<br />
Jasmine, poet's Jasminum officinale 1<br />
Jasmine, yellow Gelsemium sempervirens 4<br />
Jequirity bean Abrus precatorius 4<br />
Jerusalem cherry Solanum pseudocapsicum 3<br />
Jessamine, day Cestrum diurnum 4<br />
Jessamine, day blooming Cestrum diurnum 4<br />
Jessamine, night blooming Cestrum nocturnum 4<br />
Jessamine, poet’s Jasminum officinale 1<br />
Jessamine, yellow Gelsemium sempervirens 1,4<br />
Jimson weed Datura stramonium 4<br />
Johnny jump up (seeds only) Viola cornuta 3<br />
Juniper Juniperus spp 1,3<br />
K<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Kaffir lily Clivia miniata 3<br />
Kaffir-boom Erythrina spp 4<br />
Kalo nut Aleurites fordii 1,3<br />
Klamath weed Hypericum perforatum 1,3<br />
Kola nut Cola nitida 4
L<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Laburnum Laburnum spp 4<br />
Lacquer tree Rhus verniciflua 1<br />
Lacquer tree Toxicodendron vernicifluum 1<br />
Lady slipper Cypripedium spp 1<br />
Lady’s lace Ammi majus 1<br />
Lady’s slipper Cypripedium spp 1<br />
Lady’s slipper Pedilanthus tithymaloides 1,3<br />
Lady-of-the-night Brunfelsia americana 4<br />
Lady's fingers Abelmoschus esculentus 1<br />
Lady's sorrel Oxalis spp 2b<br />
Lamb's quarters Chenopodium album 1<br />
Lantana Lantana camara 4<br />
Larkspur Delphinium spp 4<br />
Laurel Kalmia angustifolia 4<br />
Laurel, great Rhododendron maximum 4<br />
Laurel, Indian (seed kernel) Calophyllum inophyllum 3<br />
Laurelwood (seed kernel) Calophyllum inophyllum 3<br />
Leather flower Clematis spp 1,3<br />
Lemon (peels and thorns) Citrus limon 1<br />
Lemon, wild Podophyllum peltatum 1,4<br />
Lenten rose Helleborus spp 4<br />
Leopard lily Dieffenbachia spp 2a<br />
Leopard palm Amorphophallus rivieri 1,2a<br />
Leopard's bane Arnica montana 1,4<br />
Licorice Glycyrrhiza glabra 4<br />
Licorice vine Abrus precatorius 4<br />
Licorice, Indian Abrus precatorius 4<br />
Licorice, wild Abrus precatorius 4<br />
Lily of the Incas Alstroemeria aurantiaca 1,3<br />
Lily of the Nile Agapanthus spp 1<br />
Lily of the palace Hippeastrum aulicum 3<br />
Lily, arum Zantedeschia aethiopica 2a<br />
Lily, black Dracunculus vulgaris 2a<br />
Lily, pig Zantedeschia aethiopica 2a
Lily, trumpet Zantedeschia aethiopica 2q<br />
Lily-of-the-valley Convallaria majalis 4<br />
Lily-of-the-valley bush or shrub Pieris japonica 4<br />
Lily-of-the-valley bush or shrub Andromeda japonica 4<br />
Lime (peels and thorns) Citrus aurantiifolia 1<br />
Linseed Linium spp 4<br />
Lion's beard Anemone nuttalliana 1,3<br />
Liquorice Glycyrrhiza glabra 4<br />
Live oak Quercus virginiana 1,3<br />
Lobelia Lobelia spp 1,4<br />
Loco weed Datura stramonium 4<br />
Locoweed Astragalus spp 4<br />
Locoweed Cannabis sativa 4<br />
Locoweed, purple Oxytropis lambertii 4<br />
Locoweed, stemless Oxytropis lambertii 4<br />
Locoweed, white Oxytropis lambertii 4<br />
Locust, black or yellow Robinia pseudoacacia 4<br />
Loquat (seeds) Eriobotrya japonica 4<br />
Lord and ladies Arum maculatum 1,2a<br />
Love apple (green parts) Lycopersicon lycopersicum 4<br />
Love bean Abrus precatorius 4<br />
Love-in-a-mist Nigella damascena 3<br />
Lucky bean Abrus precatorius 4<br />
Lucky seed Thevetia peruviana 4<br />
Lupine Lupinus spp 4<br />
M<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Ma Huang Ephedra spp 4<br />
Mace Myristica fragrans 4<br />
Maidenhair tree Ginkgo biloba 1,4<br />
Malabar tree Euphorbia tirucalli 1,3<br />
Mandarin orange (peels and thorns) Citrus nobilis 1<br />
Mandrake Podophyllum peltatum 1,4<br />
Marble queen pothos Epipremnum aureum 2a<br />
Marble queen pothos Scindapsus aureus 2a<br />
Marguerite Chrysanthemum frutescens 1,3
Marigold, big Tagetes erecta 1<br />
Marmalade bush Streptosolen jamesonii 4<br />
Marsh horsetail Equisetum palustre 4<br />
Marsh marigold Caltha palustris 1,3<br />
Match-me-if-you-can Acalypha wilkesiana 1<br />
Mate Ilex paraguariensis 3<br />
Matrimony vine Lycium halimifolium 4<br />
Mauna loa Spathiphyllum spp 2a<br />
Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum 1,4<br />
Meadow crocus Colchicum autumnale 4<br />
Meadow saffron Colchicum autumnale 4<br />
Medicinal aloe Aloe barbadensis 1,3<br />
Medicine plant Aloe spp 1,3<br />
Mescal Lophophora williamsii 4<br />
Mescal (do not confuse with<br />
Agave uthaensis (do not confuse 1,3<br />
Lophophora williamsii--Peyote) with Lophophora williamsii--<br />
Peyote)<br />
Mescal bean Sophora secundiflora 4<br />
Mescal button Lophophora williamsii 4<br />
Mesquite Prosopis glandulosa 1<br />
Mexican bird of paradise Caesalpinia mexicana 3<br />
Mexican breadfruit Monstera deliciosa 2a<br />
Mexican breadfruit Philodendron pertusum 2a<br />
Mexican fireweed Kochia scoparia 1, 2a, 2b<br />
Mexican flame vine Senecio confusus 1<br />
Mexican horsetail Equisetum spp 4<br />
Mexican prickle poppy Argemone mexicana 4<br />
Mexican tea Chenopodium ambrosioides 3<br />
Mexican tea Ephedra spp 4<br />
Meyer lemon (peels and thorns) Citrus meyeri 1<br />
Milk barrel Euphorbia spp 1,3<br />
Milk bush Euphorbia tirucalli 1,3<br />
Milk purslane Chamaesyce maculata 1<br />
Milk purslane Euphorbia maculata 1<br />
Milk weed Chamaesyce drummondii 1<br />
Milkweed Asclepias spp 4<br />
Milkweed Euphorbia drummondii 1,3
Miner's tea Ephedra spp 4<br />
Mistletoe, American Phoradendron flavescens 3<br />
Mistletoe, European Viscum album 3<br />
Moccasin flower Cypripedium spp 1<br />
Mock orange Citrus trifoliata 3<br />
Mock orange Laurocerasus caroliniana 4<br />
Mock orange Poncirus trifoliata 3<br />
Mock orange Prunus caroliniana 4<br />
Mole bean Ricinus communis 4<br />
Mole plant Euphorbia lathyrus 1,3<br />
Mona Lisa Codiaeum spp 1<br />
Monkshood Aconitium napellus 4<br />
Moon Lophophora williamsii 4<br />
Moon tree Endospermum moluccanum 1,3<br />
Moon weed Datura stramonium 4<br />
Moonflower Datura inoxia 4<br />
Moonflower Ipomoea alba 1<br />
Moonflower, purple Ipomoea muricata 4<br />
Moonseed Menispermum spp 1,4<br />
Mormon tea Ephedra spp 4<br />
Morning glory (seeds) Ipomoea spp 4<br />
Morning-noon-and-night Brunfelsia spp 4<br />
Mother in law plant Caladium 2a<br />
Mother in law plant Dieffenbachia sequine 2a<br />
Mother in law’s tongue Dieffenbachia spp 2a<br />
Mountain ivy Kalmia latifolia 4<br />
Mountain laurel Kalmia latifolia 4<br />
Mountain tobacco Arnica montana 1,4<br />
Mum Chrysanthemum spp 1,3<br />
Mustard tree Nicotiana glauca 4<br />
Myrtle Vinca minor 4<br />
Mysterious plant Daphne mezereum 1,4<br />
N<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Naked boys Colchicum autumnale 4<br />
Naked lady Amaryllis belladonna 3
Narcissus Narcissus spp 1,3<br />
Nectar of the gods Allium sativum 1,3<br />
Nectarine (chewed pits) Prunus persica 4<br />
Needlepoint ivy Hedera helix 1,3<br />
Nephthytis Syngonium podophyllum 2a<br />
Nerve root Cypripedium spp 1<br />
Nettle Laportea canadensis 1<br />
Nettle, stinging Urtica spp 1<br />
Nicotiana Nicotiana spp 4<br />
Nighshade, yellow Urechites spp 4<br />
Night blooming jasmine Cestrum nocturnum 4<br />
Night blooming jessamine Cestrum nocturnum 4<br />
Nightshade, American Phytolacca americana 3<br />
Nightshade, black Solanum nigrum 4<br />
Nightshade, blue Solanum dulcamara 4<br />
Nightshade, climbing Solanum dulcamara 4<br />
Nightshade, common Solanum nigrum 4<br />
Nightshade, deadly Solanum dulcamara 4<br />
Nightshade, poisonous Solanum dulcamara 4<br />
Nightshade, stinking Hyoscyamus niger 4<br />
Nightshade, woody Solanum dulcamara 4<br />
Noah's ark Cypripedium spp 1<br />
Nutmeg Myristica fragrans 4<br />
Nutmeg flower Nigella sativa 3<br />
O<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Oak Quercus spp 1,3<br />
Ohio buckeye Aesculus glabra 3<br />
Oleander Nerium oleander 4<br />
Oleander, yellow Thevetia peruviana 4<br />
Onion (large quantities) Allium cepa 1,3<br />
Onion, wild Allium cernuum 1,3<br />
Orange (peels and thorns) Citrus sinensis 1<br />
Orange root Hydrastis canadensis 4<br />
Orchid, lady slipper Cypripedium spp 1<br />
Oregon crabapple (chewed seeds) Malus fusca 4
Oregon holly Ilex spp 3<br />
Oriental plum tree Ginkgo biloba 1,4<br />
Oriental poppy Papaver orientale 3<br />
Ornamental cherry (chewed seeds) Prunus spp 4<br />
Ornamental crabapple (chewed seeds) Malus floribunda 4<br />
Ornamental crabapple (chewed seeds) Pyrus floribunda 4<br />
Ornamental flowering plum Prunus cerasifera 'atropurpurea' 4<br />
Ornamental nicotiana Nicotiana longiflora 4<br />
Ornamental pear Pyrus spp 1<br />
Ornamental pepper Capsicum spp 1,3<br />
Ornamental pepper Solanum pseudocapsicum 3<br />
Ornamental plum (chewed seeds) Prunus spp 4<br />
Oxalis Oxalis spp 2b<br />
P<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Palm, fishtail Caryota mitis 1,2a<br />
Palma Christi Ricinus communis 4<br />
Panda plant Philodendron bipennifolium 2a<br />
Pansy (seeds only) Viola tricolor 3<br />
Paper flower Bougainvillea spp 1<br />
Paper plant Cyperus papyrus 4<br />
Paper white narcissus Narcissus tazetta 1,3<br />
Paperbark tree Melaleuca spp 1<br />
Papyrus Cyperus papyrus 4<br />
Paradise plant Daphne mezereum 1,4<br />
Paradise tree Melia azedarach 4<br />
Paraguay tea Ilex paraguariensis 3<br />
Parlor ivy Senecio mikanioides 4<br />
Parsley Petroselinum crispum 1<br />
Parsley, spotted Cicuta maculata 4<br />
Parsnip (all but root) Pastinaca sativa 1<br />
Parsnip, poison Cicuta maculata 4<br />
Parsnip, wild Cicuta maculata 4<br />
Pasque flower Anemone patens 1,3
Passion flower Passiflora caerulea 4<br />
Passion fruit Passiflora edulis 4<br />
Passion vine Passiflora spp 4<br />
Passionaria Passiflora spp 4<br />
Pea, everlasting Lathyrus spp 4<br />
Pea, grass Lathyrus sativus 4<br />
Pea, seaside Lathyrus japonicus 4<br />
Peace lily Spathiphyllum spp 2a<br />
Peach (chewed pits) Prunus persica 4<br />
Peacock flower Caesalpinia pulcherrima 3<br />
Pear (chewed seeds) Pyrus communis 1,4<br />
Pearly gates Ipomoea spp 4<br />
Pecan (pollen and nut oil) Carya illinonensis 1<br />
Pencil cactus or Pencil tree Euphorbia tirucalli 1,3<br />
Pennyroyal Mentha pulegium 4<br />
Pennywort Hydrocotyle spp 1,4<br />
Peony Paeonia officinalis 1,4<br />
Peony, tree Paeonia suffruticosa 1,4<br />
Pepper bush Croton humilis 1<br />
Pepper tree Schinus molle 1,3<br />
Pepper, bell Capsicum spp 1,3<br />
Pepper, sweet Capsicum spp 1,3<br />
Pepper, tobasco Capsicum spp 1,3<br />
Peppers Capsicum spp 1,3<br />
Periwinkle Vinca rosea 4<br />
Periwinkle, Madagascar Cantharanthus roseus 4<br />
Periwinkle, rose Cantharanthus roseus 4<br />
Persian lilac Melia azedarach 4<br />
Peruvian lily Alstroemeria spp 1,3<br />
Peruvian lily Hymenocallis americana 3<br />
Peyote Lophophora williamsii<br />
Philodendron Philodendron spp 2a<br />
Philodendron, giant Philodendron gigantium 2a<br />
Philodendron, heart leaf Philodendron scandens 2a<br />
Philodendron, split leaf Philodendron pertusum 2a<br />
Photinia arbutifolia (leaves) Photinia arbutifolia 4<br />
Pie plant (leaves) Rheum spp 1, 2b, 3
Pigeon berry Duranta repens 1,4<br />
Pigeon berry Phytolacca americana 3<br />
Pigeonberry Rivina humilis 3<br />
Pimento Capsicum spp 1,3<br />
Pinkroot Spigelia marilandica 4<br />
Pinks Dianthus spp 1<br />
Plum (chewed seeds) Prunus domestica 4<br />
Podocarpus (do not confuse with<br />
Taxus species)<br />
Podocarpus macrophylla 3<br />
Poinciana Caesalpinia spp 3<br />
Poinciana Poinciana gilliesii 3<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> berry Solanum nigrum 4<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> bush Acokanthera spp 4<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> camus Zigadenus nuttallii 4<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> creeper Toxicodendron spp 1<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> dogwood Toxicodendron vernix 1<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> elder Toxicodendron vernix 1<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> flag Iris versicolor 1,3<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> hemlock Conium maculatum 4<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> ivy Rhus spp 1<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> ivy Toxicodendron radicans 1<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> nut Strychnos nux-vomica 4<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> oak Toxicodendron spp 1<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> parsley Conium maculatum 4<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> parsnip Cicuta maculata 4<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> sumac Toxicodendron vernix 1<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> tobacco Hyoscyamus niger 4<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> vine Rhus spp 1<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> vine Toxicodendron radicans 1<br />
<strong>Poison</strong> water hemlock Cicuta douglasii 4<br />
Poke berry Phytolacca americana 3<br />
Pokesalad plant Phytolacca spp 3<br />
Pokeweed Phytolacca americana 3<br />
Polecat weed Symplocarpus foetidus 2a<br />
Polyscias Polyscias guilfoyei 1,3<br />
Poppy, common Papaver somniferum 3<br />
Poppy, garden Papaver orientale 3
Poppy, opium Papaver somniferum 3<br />
Poppy, Oriental Papaver orientale 3<br />
Potato (all green parts) Solanum tuberosum 4<br />
Potato vine Solanum jasminoides 4<br />
Pothos Epipremnum aureum 2a<br />
Pothos Scindapsus aureus 2a<br />
Prarie crocus Anemone patens 1,3<br />
Prayer bead or bean Abrus precatorius 4<br />
Precatory pea or bean Abrus precatorius 4<br />
Pregnant onion Ornithogalum caudatum 1,4<br />
Prickly poppy Argemone mexicana 4<br />
Pride of Barbados Caesalpinia pulcherrima 3<br />
Pride of China Melia azedarach 4<br />
Pride of India Melia azedarach 4<br />
Pride of Madeira Echium spp 4<br />
Primrose Primula vulgaris 1<br />
Primula Primula spp 1<br />
Privet Ligustrum vulgare 3<br />
Privet, <strong>California</strong> Ligustrum californicum 3<br />
Privet, <strong>California</strong> Ligustrum ovalifolium 3<br />
Purple leaf plum Prunus cerasifera 'atropurpurea' 4<br />
Pussy foot Ageratum conyzoides 3<br />
Pussy foot Eupatorium conyzoides 3<br />
Q<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Queen Anne’s lace Daucus carota 1<br />
Queen's delight Stillingia spp 1<br />
Queen's lace Daucus carota 1<br />
Queen's root Stillingia sylvatica 1<br />
R<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Radish, Chinese (leaves) Raphanus sativus 1<br />
Ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia 1<br />
Ragwort, tansy Senecio jacobaea 4<br />
Rain flower Grevillea banksii 1<br />
Rain lily Zephyranthes atamasco 1,3
Rain tree Brunfelsia undulata 4<br />
Rain tree Pithecellobium saman 3<br />
Rain tree Samanea saman 3<br />
Rainbow pink Dianthus chinensis 1<br />
Ranunculus Ranunculus spp 1,3<br />
Rattlebox Crotalaria spectabilis 4<br />
Rattlebox Daubentonia punicea 4<br />
Rattlebox Sesbania punicea 4<br />
Red hot cat tail Acalypha hispida 1,3<br />
Red hot poker tree Erythrina abyssinica 4<br />
Red ink Phytolacca americana 3<br />
Red root Ceanothus americanus 3<br />
Red root Sanguinaria canadensis 3<br />
Red spurge Euphorbia cotinifolia 1,3<br />
Red squill Urginea maritima 4<br />
Redberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi 1,4<br />
Redberry Panax quinquefolia 4<br />
Redbird cactus or floweer Euphorbia tithymaloides 3<br />
Redbird cactus or flower Pedilanthus tithymaloides 1,3<br />
Rhododendron Rhododendron genus 4<br />
Rhubarb (leaves) Rheum spp 1, 2b, 3<br />
Rock poppy Chelidonium majus 1,4<br />
Rocket larkspur Delphinium spp 4<br />
Rosary beads (not to be confused with<br />
Rosary vine)<br />
Senecio spp 4<br />
Rosary bean or pea Abrus precatorius 4<br />
Rosary pearls Senecio spp 4<br />
Rose periwinkle Cantharanthus roseus 4<br />
Rosebay Rhododendron maximum 4<br />
Rose-bay Nerium oleander 4<br />
Rosewood Dalbergia retusa 1<br />
Rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis 1<br />
Rubber vine Cryptostegia grandiflora 4<br />
Rush<br />
S<br />
Equisetum spp 4<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating
Sacred datura Datura inoxia 4<br />
Saffron Crocus sativus 4<br />
Saffron crocus Crocus sativus 4<br />
Sagebrush Artemisia spp 4<br />
Sago cycas Cycas spp 4<br />
Sago cycas Zamia spp 4<br />
Sago palm Cycas spp 4<br />
Sambucus (all but ripe berries) Sambucus caerulea 3<br />
Sand begonia Rumex venosus 2b, 3<br />
Sandberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi 1,4<br />
Sapphire flower Browallia spp 1<br />
Sassafras Sassafras spp 4<br />
Sassafras tea Sassafras spp 4<br />
Scorpion weed Heliotropium indicum 4<br />
Scorpion's tail Heliotropium angiospermum 4<br />
Scotch broom Cytisus scoparius 3<br />
Scotch broom Spartium scoparium 4<br />
Scotch heather Calluna vulgaris 4<br />
Scouring rush Equisetum hyemale 4<br />
Scrub oak Quercus utahensis 1,3<br />
Sea onion Scilla verna 4<br />
Sea onion Urginea maritima 4<br />
Sea onion, false Ornithogalum caudatum 1,4<br />
Seminole bead Abrus precatorius 4<br />
Sesbania Daubentonia punicea 4<br />
Shamrock Oxalis spp 2b<br />
Shasta daisy Chrysanthemum spp 1,3<br />
Shell flower Pistia stratiotes 2a<br />
Silk weed Asclepias syriaca 4<br />
Silvercup Solandra grandiflora 4<br />
Singletary pea Lathyrus spp 4<br />
Skunk cabbage Symplocarpus foetidus 2a<br />
Skunk cabbage Veratrum spp 4<br />
Skunkweed Symplocarpus foetidus 2a<br />
Slipper flower or plant Euphorbia tithymaloides 3<br />
Slipper flower or plant Pedilanthus tithymaloides 1,3<br />
Slipper orchid Cypripedium spp 1
Slippery elm Ulmus fulva 1<br />
Slippery root Symphytum officinale 4<br />
Smoke plant, bush or tree Rhus cotinus 1<br />
Snake flower Echium vulgare 4<br />
Snake lily Iris spp 1,3<br />
Snakeberry Actaea spicata 1,4<br />
Snakeroot Aristolochia serpentaria 4<br />
Snakeroot Cicuta maculata 4<br />
Snakeroot Eupatorium rugosum 4<br />
Snakeroot, black Zigadenus or Zygadenus<br />
venenosus<br />
4<br />
Snakeroot,black Cimicifuga racemosa 4<br />
Snakeweed Eupatorium adenophorum 3<br />
Snakewood Brosimum guainense 1<br />
Snow lily Erythronium grandiflorum 1,3<br />
Snow on the mountain Euphorbia marginata 1,3<br />
Snowberry Symphoricarpos spp 3<br />
Snowdrop Galanthus nivalis 3<br />
Snowflake Leucojum vernum 3<br />
Snowflower Spathiphyllum spp 2a<br />
Solandra Solandra spp 4<br />
Sorrel Oxalis spp 2b<br />
Sorrel Rumex spp 2b<br />
Southern mock orange Laurocerasus caroliniana 4<br />
Southern mock orange Prunus caroliniana 4<br />
Spanish broom Spartium junceum 3<br />
Spathe flower Spathiphyllum spp 2a<br />
Spathiphyllum Spathiphyllum spp 2a<br />
Spider flower Hymenocallis americana 3<br />
Spider lily Hymenocallis americana 3<br />
Spider mum Chrysanthemum spp 1,3<br />
Spindle tree Euonymus europaea 3<br />
Split leaf philodendron Monstera deliciosa 2a<br />
Split leaf philodendron Philodendron pertusum 2a<br />
Spoonwood Kalmia latifolia 4<br />
Spring onion Scilla verna 4<br />
Spurdock Rumex crispus 1,2b
Spurge Euphorbia myrsinites 1,3<br />
Spurge flax Daphne mezereum 1,4<br />
Squaw tea Ephedra spp 4<br />
Squill Urginea maritima 4<br />
St. John’s wort Hypericum perforatum 1,3<br />
Star potato vine Solanum seaforthianum 3<br />
Star-of-Bethlehem Hippobroma longiflora 4<br />
Star-of-Bethlehem Laurentia longiflora 4<br />
Star-of-Bethlehem Ornithogalum spp 4<br />
Stink weed Datura stramonium 4<br />
Stinking hellebore Helleborus foetidus 4<br />
Stinking rose Allium sativum 1,3<br />
Strawberry shrub (seeds) Calycanthus spp 4<br />
String of beads Senecio spp 4<br />
String of pearls Senecio spp 4<br />
Sweet flag Acorus calamus 1<br />
Sweet pea Lathyrus odoratus 4<br />
Sweet William Dianthus barbatus 1<br />
Swiss cheese plant Monstera deliciosa 2a<br />
T<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Tallow tree Sapium sebiferum 1,3<br />
Tansy Chrysanthemum spp 1,3<br />
Tansy Tanacetum vulgare 1,3<br />
Taro Alocasia macrorrhiza 2a<br />
Taro Colocasia esculenta 2a<br />
Taxus Taxus sieboldii 4<br />
Tea tree Melaleuca quinquenervia 1<br />
Tea tree Sassafras spp 4<br />
Texas umbrella tree Melia azedarach 4<br />
Thistle, yellow star Centaurea solstitialis 1,3<br />
Thornapple Argemone mexicana 4<br />
Thornapple Datura stramonium 4<br />
Tobacco Nicotiana spp 4<br />
Tobacco, cultivated Nicotiana tabacum 4<br />
Tobacco, tree Nicotiana glauca 4
Tobacco, wild Lobelia inflata 1,4<br />
Tobacco, wild Nicotiana attenuata 4<br />
Tomatillo (green parts) Physalis ixocarpa 4<br />
Tomato (green parts) Lycopersicon lycopersicum 4<br />
Tomato, devil's Solanum eleagnifolium 4<br />
Toyon (leaves) Photinia arbutifolia 4<br />
Tread-softly Cnidoscolus stimulosus 1<br />
Trumpet flower or Trumpet plant Solandra spp 4<br />
Trumpet lily Datura stramonium 4<br />
Trumpet lily Zantedeschia aethiopica 2a<br />
Trumpet tree Tabebuia spp 1,3<br />
Trumpet vine Campsis radicans 1<br />
Tuberose Polianthes tuberose 4<br />
Tulip Tulipa spp 1,3<br />
U<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Umbrella leaf Podophyllum peltatum 1,4<br />
Umbrella plant Cyperus alternifolius 4<br />
V<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Valerian Valeriana officinales 4<br />
Varnish tree Aleurites moluccana 1,3<br />
Veratrum Veratrum spp 4<br />
Verbena Verbena spp 1<br />
Vinca major Vinca major 4<br />
Vinca minor Vinca minor 4<br />
Vinca rosea Cantharanthus roseus 4<br />
Vinca rosea Vinca rosea 4<br />
Viola (seeds only) Viola odorata 3<br />
Violet (seeds only) Viola odorata 3<br />
Virginia creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia 2a, 2b<br />
Virgin's bower Clematis virginiana 1,3<br />
Voodoo lily Amorphophallus rivieri 1,2a<br />
W<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating
Walnut, black Juglans nigra 1<br />
Walnut, English Juglans regia 1<br />
Water hemp Eupatorium cannabinum 3<br />
Wax berry Symphoricarpos spp 3<br />
Wax tree Rhus succedanea 1<br />
Waxberry Myrica cerifera 1<br />
Weaver's broom Spartium junceum 3<br />
Weeping pagoda tree Sophora japonica 4<br />
Western poison oak Rhus diversiloba 1<br />
Western poison oak Toxicodendron diversilobum 1<br />
Wild apple (chewed seeds) Malus pumila 4<br />
Wild apple (chewed seeds) Pyrus sylvestris 4<br />
Wild begonia Rumex venosus 2b, 3<br />
Wild bleeding heart Dicentra exima 1,4<br />
Wild calla Calla palustris 2a<br />
Wild carnation Dianthus spp 1<br />
Wild carrot Cicuta maculata 4<br />
Wild carrot Daucus carota 1<br />
Wild coffee Polyscias guilfoyei 1,3<br />
Wild crabapple (chewed seeds) Malus ioensis 4<br />
Wild crabapple (chewed seeds) Pyrus ioensis 4<br />
Wild crocus Anemone patens 1,3<br />
Wild fennel Nigella damascena 3<br />
Wild garlic Allium spp 1,3<br />
Wild ginger Asarum canadense 4<br />
Wild hydrangea Hydrangea arborescens 1,3<br />
Wild hydrangea Rumex venosus 2b, 3<br />
Wild leek Allium ampeloprasum 1,3<br />
Wild lemon Podophyllum peltatum 1,4<br />
Wild licorice Abrus precatorius 4<br />
Wild licorice Glycyrrhiza lepidata 4<br />
Wild morning glory Alystegia sepium 1,3<br />
Wild morning glory Convolvulus arvensis 1,3<br />
Wild oats Arena fatua 3<br />
Wild onion Allium spp 1,3<br />
Wild orange Laurocerasus caroliniana 4<br />
Wild orange Prunus caroliniana 4
Wild parsnip Angelica archangelica 1,4<br />
Wild parsnip Cicuta maculata 4<br />
Wild parsnip Heracleum mantegazzianum 1<br />
Wild parsnip (all but root) Pastinaca sativa 1<br />
Wild passion flower Passiflora incarnata 4<br />
Wild pea Lathyrus spp 4<br />
Wild pepper Daphne mezereum 1,4<br />
Wild radish Raphanus raphanistrum 3<br />
Wild rhubarb Heracleum mantegazzianum 1<br />
Wild rhubarb Rumex hymenosepalus 2b<br />
Wild snowball Ceanothus americanus 3<br />
Wild sweet pea Lathyrus incanus 4<br />
Wild tobacco Lobelia inflata 1,4<br />
Wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuata 4<br />
Wild tomato Solanum carolinense 4<br />
Wild turnip Arisaema triphyllum 1,2a<br />
Windflower Anemone spp 1,3<br />
Winterberry Ilex spp 3<br />
Wisteria Wisteria fructescens 3<br />
Wolf's bane Arnica spp 4<br />
Wolf's milk Euphorbia esula 1,3<br />
Wolfsbane Aconitium napellus 4<br />
Wonderflower Ornithogalum thyrsoides 4<br />
Wood rose (seeds) Merremia tuberosa 4<br />
Wood rose, Hawaiian (seeds) Merremia tuberosa 4<br />
Wood vine Gelsemium sempervirens 1,4<br />
Woodbine Clematis virginiana 1,3<br />
Wormseed Chenopodium ambrosioides 3<br />
Wormseed or wormwood Artemisia spp 4<br />
Y<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Yarrow Achillea millefolium 1, 3<br />
Yellow jasmine Gelsemium sempervirens 1,4<br />
Yellow jessamine Gelsemium sempervirens 1,4<br />
Yellow oleander Thevetia peruviana 4<br />
Yesterday-and-today Brunfelsia spp 4
Yesterday-today-and-tomorrow Brunfelsia spp 4<br />
Yew Taxus baccata 4<br />
Yew, Japanese or Chinese (do not<br />
confuse with Taxus species)<br />
Podocarpus macrophylla 3<br />
Yew, Southern tree (do not confuse<br />
with Taxus species)<br />
Podocarpus macrophylla 3<br />
Yohimbe or Yohimbine<br />
Z<br />
Corynanthe yohimbe 4<br />
Common Name Latin or scientific name Rating<br />
Zamia Cycadaceae family 4<br />
Zamia Zamia spp 4<br />
Zephyr lily Zephyranthes atamasco 1,3<br />
Table 4. Toxic Plants by Latin or Scientific Name<br />
A<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Abelmoschus esculentus Lady's fingers 1<br />
Abrus precatorius Black-eyed Susan 4<br />
Abrus precatorius Indian bead or bean 4<br />
Abrus precatorius Jequirity bean 4<br />
Abrus precatorius Licorice vine 4<br />
Abrus precatorius Licorice, Indian 4<br />
Abrus precatorius Licorice, wild 4<br />
Abrus precatorius Love bean 4<br />
Abrus precatorius Lucky bean 4<br />
Abrus precatorius Prayer bead or bean 4<br />
Abrus precatorius Precatory pea or bean 4<br />
Abrus precatorius Rosary bean or pea 4<br />
Abrus precatorius Seminole bead 4<br />
Abrus precatorius Wild licorice 4<br />
Abutilon hybridum Chinese lantern 1<br />
Abutilon hybridum Flowering maple 1<br />
Acalypha hispida Chenille plant 1,3<br />
Acalypha hispida Foxtail 1,3<br />
Acalypha hispida Red hot cat tail 1,3
Acalypha wilkesiana Fire-dragon 3<br />
Acalypha wilkesiana Match-me-if-you-can 1<br />
Achillea millefolium Gordoloba 1,3<br />
Achillea millefolium Yarrow 1, 3<br />
Acokanthera spp <strong>Poison</strong> bush 4<br />
Aconitium napellus Aconite 4<br />
Aconitium napellus Helmet flower 4<br />
Aconitium napellus Monkshood 4<br />
Aconitium napellus Wolfsbane 4<br />
Acorus calamus Sweet flag 1<br />
Actaea rubra Baneberry 1,4<br />
Actaea spicata Cohosh 1,4<br />
Actaea spicata Coralberry 1,4<br />
Actaea spicata Dolls-eyes 1,4<br />
Actaea spicata Snakeberry 1,4<br />
Adenium obesum Desert rose 4<br />
Aesculus californica <strong>California</strong> buckeye 3<br />
Aesculus glabra Ohio buckeye 3<br />
Aesculus pavia Fire cracker plant 3<br />
Aesculus spp Buckeye 3<br />
Aesculus spp Horse chestnut 3<br />
Aethusa cynapium False parsley 4<br />
Aethusa cynapium Fool’s parsley 4<br />
Agapanthus spp African lily 1<br />
Agapanthus spp Agapanthus 1<br />
Agapanthus spp Lily of the Nile 1<br />
Agave americana Century plant 1,3<br />
Agave uthaensis (do not confuse with Mescal (do not confuse with<br />
1,3<br />
Lophophora williamsii--Peyote) Lophophora williamsii--Peyote)<br />
Ageratum conyzoides Pussy foot 3<br />
Aleurites fordii Kalo nut 1,3<br />
Aleurites moluccana Candle berry tree 1,3<br />
Aleurites moluccana Candlenut oil tree 1,3<br />
Aleurites moluccana Varnish tree 1,3<br />
Allium ampeloprasum Elephant garlic 1,3<br />
Allium ampeloprasum Wild leek 1,3<br />
Allium cepa Onion (large quantities) 1,3
Allium cernuum Onion, wild 1,3<br />
Allium sativum Allium 1,3<br />
Allium sativum Garlic 1,3<br />
Allium sativum Nectar of the gods 1,3<br />
Allium sativum Stinking rose 1,3<br />
Allium spp Wild garlic 1,3<br />
Allium spp Wild onion 1,3<br />
Alnus spp Alder tree 1<br />
Alocasia Elephant's ear 1,2a<br />
Alocasia macrorrhiza Taro 2a<br />
Alocasia spp Alocasia 2a<br />
Aloe barbadensis Aloe vera 1,3<br />
Aloe barbadensis Indian aloe 1,3<br />
Aloe barbadensis Medicinal aloe 1,3<br />
Aloe spp Medicine plant 1,3<br />
Alstroemeria aurantiaca Alstroemeria 1,3<br />
Alstroemeria aurantiaca Lily of the Incas 1,3<br />
Alstroemeria spp Peruvian lily 1,3<br />
Alystegia sepium Bindweed 1,3<br />
Alystegia sepium Wild morning glory 1,3<br />
Amaryllis belladonna Amaryllis belladonna 3<br />
Amaryllis belladonna Belladonna lily 3<br />
Amaryllis belladonna Cape belladonna 3<br />
Amaryllis belladonna Naked lady 3<br />
Amaryllis spp Amaryllis 3<br />
Ambrosia artemisiifolia Ragweed 1<br />
Ammi majus Bishop's weed 1<br />
Ammi majus False Queen Anne’s lace 1<br />
Ammi majus Lady’s lace 1<br />
Amorphophallus rivieri Devil’s tongue 1,2a<br />
Amorphophallus rivieri Leopard palm 1,2a<br />
Amorphophallus rivieri Voodoo lily 1,2a<br />
Andromeda japonica Lily-of-the-valley bush or shrub 4<br />
Anemone nuttalliana Lion's beard 1,3<br />
Anemone patens Easter flower 1,3<br />
Anemone patens Pasque flower 1,3
Anemone patens Prarie crocus 1,3<br />
Anemone patens Wild crocus 1,3<br />
Anemone spp Anemone 1,3<br />
Anemone spp Windflower 1,3<br />
Angelica archangelica Angelica 1,4<br />
Angelica archangelica Archangel 1,4<br />
Angelica archangelica Wild parsnip 1,4<br />
Anthemis cotula Camomile 1<br />
Anthemis cotula Chamomile 1<br />
Anthemis cotula Dog fennel 1<br />
Anthurium scherzeranum Flamingo flower 2a<br />
Anthurium spp Anthurium 2a<br />
Apocynum cannabinum Indian hemp 4?<br />
Araujia sericifera Cruel plant 1,3<br />
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Redberry 1,4<br />
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Sandberry 1,4<br />
Arena fatua Wild oats 3<br />
Argemone glauca Hawaiian poppy 4<br />
Argemone glauca Hawaiian prickly poppy 4<br />
Argemone mexicana Mexican prickle poppy 4<br />
Argemone mexicana Prickly poppy 4<br />
Argemone mexicana Thornapple 4<br />
Argyreia nervosa Hawaiian baby woodrose (seeds) 4<br />
Arisaema dracontium Dragon tail 2a<br />
Arisaema dracontium Green dragon 2a<br />
Arisaema spp Dragon root 2a<br />
Arisaema triphyllum Devils’ ear 1,2a<br />
Arisaema triphyllum Jack-in-the-pulpit 1,2a<br />
Arisaema triphyllum Wild turnip 1,2a<br />
Aristolochia elegans Calico flower 4<br />
Aristolochia serpentaria Snakeroot 4<br />
Armoracia rusticana Horseradish 3<br />
Arnica montana Leopard's bane 1,4<br />
Arnica montana Mountain tobacco 1,4<br />
Arnica spp Arnica 1,4<br />
Arnica spp Wolf's bane 4
Artemesia absinthium Absinth 4<br />
Artemisia spp Sagebrush 4<br />
Artemisia spp Wormseed or wormwood 4<br />
Arum italicum Italian arum 2a<br />
Arum maculatum Adam-and-Eve 1,2a<br />
Arum maculatum Lord and ladies 1,2a<br />
Arum spp Arum 1,2a<br />
Asarum canadense Wild ginger 4<br />
Asclepias spp Indian paint brush 4<br />
Asclepias spp Milkweed 4<br />
Asclepias syriaca Silk weed 4<br />
Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly weed 4<br />
Astragalus spp Locoweed 4<br />
Atropa belladonna Belladonna 4<br />
Atropa belladonna Deadly nightshade 4<br />
Aucuba japonica Japanese aucuba 3<br />
Aucuba japonica Japanese laurel 3<br />
B<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Berberis spp Barberry 4<br />
Bougainvillea spp Bougainvillea 1<br />
Bougainvillea spp Paper flower 1<br />
Brosimum guainense Snakewood 1<br />
Browallia spp Amethyst flower 1<br />
Browallia spp Sapphire flower 1<br />
Brunfelsia americana Lady-of-the-night 4<br />
Brunfelsia spp Morning-noon-and-night 4<br />
Brunfelsia spp Yesterday-and-today 4<br />
Brunfelsia spp Yesterday-today-and-tomorrow 4<br />
Brunfelsia undulata Rain tree 4<br />
Bryonia spp Hops, wild 3<br />
Buxus sempervirens Boxwood 1,4<br />
C<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Caesalpinia gilliesii Bird of paradise 3<br />
Caesalpinia mexicana Mexican bird of paradise 3
Caesalpinia pulcherrima Barbados flower 3<br />
Caesalpinia pulcherrima Peacock flower 3<br />
Caesalpinia pulcherrima Pride of Barbados 3<br />
Caesalpinia spp Barbados pride 3<br />
Caesalpinia spp Poinciana 3<br />
Caladium Angel wings 2a<br />
Caladium Caladium 2a<br />
Caladium Elephant's ear 2a<br />
Caladium Mother in law plant 2a<br />
Caladium bicolor Heart-of-Jesus 2a<br />
Calla palustris Wild calla 2a<br />
Calluna vulgaris Heath/Heather 4<br />
Calluna vulgaris Scotch heather 4<br />
Calocedrus decurrens Incense cedar 1<br />
Calophyllum inophyllum Laurel, Indian (seed kernel) 3<br />
Calophyllum inophyllum Laurelwood (seed kernel) 3<br />
Calotropis gigantea Crown plant 4<br />
Calotropis procera Jasmine, French 4<br />
Caltha palustris Cowslip 1,3<br />
Caltha palustris Marsh marigold 1,3<br />
Calycanthus spp Calycanthus (seeds) 4<br />
Calycanthus spp Carolina allspice (seeds) 4<br />
Calycanthus spp Strawberry shrub (seeds) 4<br />
Campsis radicans Trumpet vine 1<br />
Cannabis sativa Locoweed 4<br />
Cantharanthus roseus Periwinkle, Madagascar 4<br />
Cantharanthus roseus Periwinkle, rose 4<br />
Cantharanthus roseus Rose periwinkle 4<br />
Cantharanthus roseus Vinca rosea 4<br />
Capsicum spp Cayenne pepper 1,3<br />
Capsicum spp Cherry pepper 1,3<br />
Capsicum spp Chili pepper 1,3<br />
Capsicum spp Habanero pepper 1,3<br />
Capsicum spp Jalapeno peppers 1,3<br />
Capsicum spp Ornamental pepper 1,3<br />
Capsicum spp Pepper, bell 1,3
Capsicum spp Pepper, sweet 1,3<br />
Capsicum spp Pepper, tobasco 1,3<br />
Capsicum spp Peppers 1,3<br />
Capsicum spp Pimento 1,3<br />
Carya illinonensis Pecan (pollen and nut oil) 1<br />
Caryota mitis Palm, fishtail 1,2a<br />
Caryota urens Jaggery palm 1,2a<br />
Cassia siamea Iron wood 4<br />
Cassia spp Golden rain 3<br />
Caulophyllum thalictroides Blue cohosh 1,4<br />
Ceanothus americanus Red root 3<br />
Ceanothus americanus Wild snowball 3<br />
Centaurea americana Basket flower 1,3<br />
Centaurea solstitialis Thistle, yellow star 1,3<br />
Cestrum diurnum Cestrum, day blooming 4<br />
Cestrum diurnum Day blooming cestrum 4<br />
Cestrum diurnum Day blooming jessamine 4<br />
Cestrum diurnum Jessamine, day 4<br />
Cestrum diurnum Jessamine, day blooming 4<br />
Cestrum nocturnum Fragrance of the night 4<br />
Cestrum nocturnum Jasmine, night blooming 4<br />
Cestrum nocturnum Jessamine, night blooming 4<br />
Cestrum nocturnum Night blooming jasmine 4<br />
Cestrum nocturnum Night blooming jessamine 4<br />
Chamaelirium luteum Devil’s bit 3<br />
Chamaesyce drummondii Milk weed 1<br />
Chamaesyce hirta Asthma plant or weed 1<br />
Chamaesyce maculata Milk purslane 1<br />
Chelidonium majus Rock poppy 1,4<br />
Chenopodium album Lamb's quarters 1<br />
Chenopodium ambrosioides Mexican tea 3<br />
Chenopodium ambrosioides Wormseed 3<br />
Chenopodium capitatum Indian paint 1<br />
Chrysanthemum frutescens Marguerite 1,3<br />
Chrysanthemum spp Bridesmaid 1,3<br />
Chrysanthemum spp Chrysanthemum 1,3
Chrysanthemum spp Daisy 1,3<br />
Chrysanthemum spp Mum 1,3<br />
Chrysanthemum spp Shasta daisy 1,3<br />
Chrysanthemum spp Spider mum 1,3<br />
Chrysanthemum spp Tansy 1,3<br />
Cicuta douglasii <strong>Poison</strong> water hemlock 4<br />
Cicuta maculata Cowbane 4<br />
Cicuta maculata False parsley 4<br />
Cicuta maculata Hemlock, spotted 4<br />
Cicuta maculata Hemlock, water 4<br />
Cicuta maculata Parsley, spotted 4<br />
Cicuta maculata Parsnip, poison 4<br />
Cicuta maculata Parsnip, wild 4<br />
Cicuta maculata <strong>Poison</strong> parsnip 4<br />
Cicuta maculata Snakeroot 4<br />
Cicuta maculata Wild carrot 4<br />
Cicuta maculata Wild parsnip 4<br />
Cimicifuga racemosa Black cohosh 4<br />
Cimicifuga racemosa Snakeroot,black 4<br />
Cinnamomum camphora Camphor tree 4<br />
Citrus aurantiifolia Lime (peels and thorns) 1<br />
Citrus aurantium Bitter orange 1<br />
Citrus limon Lemon (peels and thorns) 1<br />
Citrus meyeri Meyer lemon (peels and thorns) 1<br />
Citrus nobilis Mandarin orange (peels and<br />
thorns)<br />
1<br />
Citrus sinensis Orange (peels and thorns) 1<br />
Citrus trifoliata Mock orange 3<br />
Clematis spp Clematis 1,3<br />
Clematis spp Leather flower 1,3<br />
Clematis virginiana Devil’s darning needle 1,3<br />
Clematis virginiana Virgin's bower 1,3<br />
Clematis virginiana Woodbine 1,3<br />
Clivia miniata Caffre lily 3<br />
Clivia miniata Clivia 3<br />
Clivia miniata Kaffir lily 3<br />
Cnidoscolus stimulosus Tread-softly 1
Cocculus carolinus Carolina moonseed 4<br />
Cocculus carolinus Coral beads 4<br />
Codiaeum spp Croton 1<br />
Codiaeum spp Mona Lisa 1<br />
Cola nitida Cola nut 4<br />
Cola nitida Kola nut 4<br />
Colchicum autumnale Crocus, autumn 4<br />
Colchicum autumnale Crocus, fall 4<br />
Colchicum autumnale Meadow crocus 4<br />
Colchicum autumnale Meadow saffron 4<br />
Colchicum autumnale Naked boys 4<br />
Colchicum autumnale Colchicine 4<br />
Colocasia esculenta Caladium 2a<br />
Colocasia esculenta Colocasia 2a<br />
Colocasia esculenta Elephant's ear 2a<br />
Colocasia esculenta Taro 2a<br />
Conium maculatum Deadly hemlock 4<br />
Conium maculatum Hemlock 4<br />
Conium maculatum Hemlock, poison 4<br />
Conium maculatum Hemlock, spotted 4<br />
Conium maculatum <strong>Poison</strong> hemlock 4<br />
Conium maculatum <strong>Poison</strong> parsley 4<br />
Convallaria majalis Lily-of-the-valley 4<br />
Convolvulus arvensis Wild morning glory 1,3<br />
Coriaria spp Coriaria 4<br />
Cornus sanguinea Dogwood, bloodtwig 1<br />
Coronilla varia Crown vetch 1<br />
Corylus spp Filbert 1<br />
Corylus spp Hazelnut 1<br />
Corynanthe yohimbe Yohimbe or Yohimbine 4<br />
Cotoneaster spp Cotoneaster 4<br />
Crocus sativus Saffron 4<br />
Crocus sativus Saffron crocus 4<br />
Crotalaria spectabilis Crotalaria 4<br />
Crotalaria spectabilis Rattlebox 4<br />
Croton humilis Pepper bush 1
Croton tiglium Croton 1,4<br />
Cryptostegia grandiflora Allamanda, pink or purple 4<br />
Cryptostegia grandiflora Indian rubber vine 4<br />
Cryptostegia grandiflora Rubber vine 4<br />
Cycadaceae family Cycads 4<br />
Cycadaceae family Zamia 4<br />
Cycas spp Cycas 4<br />
Cycas spp Sago cycas 4<br />
Cycas spp Sago palm 4<br />
Cyclamen spp Cyclamen 3<br />
Cymbopogon nardus Citronella grass 1<br />
Cyperus alternifolius Umbrella plant 4<br />
Cyperus papyrus Paper plant 4<br />
Cyperus papyrus Papyrus 4<br />
Cyperus spp Cyperus 4<br />
Cypripedium calceolus American valerian 1<br />
Cypripedium spp Lady slipper 1<br />
Cypripedium spp Lady’s slipper 1<br />
Cypripedium spp Moccasin flower 1<br />
Cypripedium spp Nerve root 1<br />
Cypripedium spp Noah's ark 1<br />
Cypripedium spp Orchid, lady slipper 1<br />
Cypripedium spp Slipper orchid 1<br />
Cytisus laburnum Bean tree 4<br />
Cytisus scoparius Irish tops 3<br />
Cytisus scoparius Scotch broom 3<br />
D<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Dalbergia retusa Rosewood 1<br />
Daphne mezereum Daphne 1,4<br />
Daphne mezereum Mysterious plant 1,4<br />
Daphne mezereum Paradise plant 1,4<br />
Daphne mezereum Spurge flax 1,4<br />
Daphne mezereum Wild pepper 1,4<br />
Daphne spp Flax olive 1,4<br />
Dapne cneorum Garland flower 1,4
Datura inoxia Indian apple 4<br />
Datura inoxia Moonflower 4<br />
Datura inoxia Sacred datura 4<br />
Datura spp Angel’s trumpet 4<br />
Datura spp Datura 4<br />
Datura spp Horn-of-plenty 4<br />
Datura stamonium Devil weed 4<br />
Datura stramonium Apple of Peru 4<br />
Datura stramonium Devil's apple 4<br />
Datura stramonium Devil's trumpet 4<br />
Datura stramonium Green dragon 4<br />
Datura stramonium Hells bells 4<br />
Datura stramonium Jimson weed 4<br />
Datura stramonium Loco weed 4<br />
Datura stramonium Moon weed 4<br />
Datura stramonium Stink weed 4<br />
Datura stramonium Thornapple 4<br />
Datura stramonium Trumpet lily 4<br />
Daubentonia punicea False poinciana 4<br />
Daubentonia punicea Rattlebox 4<br />
Daubentonia punicea Sesbania 4<br />
Daucus carota Queen Anne’s lace 1<br />
Daucus carota Queen's lace 1<br />
Daucus carota Wild carrot 1<br />
Delphinium spp Delphinium 4<br />
Delphinium spp Larkspur 4<br />
Delphinium spp Rocket larkspur 4<br />
Dianthus barbatus Sweet William 1<br />
Dianthus caryophyllus Clover pink 1<br />
Dianthus chinensis Indian pink 1<br />
Dianthus chinensis Rainbow pink 1<br />
Dianthus spp Carnation 1<br />
Dianthus spp Pinks 1<br />
Dianthus spp Wild carnation 1<br />
Dicentra exima Wild bleeding heart 1,4<br />
Dictamnus albus Burning bush 1
Dictamnus albus Fraxinella 1<br />
Dieffenbachia sequine Mother in law plant 2a<br />
Dieffenbachia spp Dieffenbachia 2a<br />
Dieffenbachia spp Dumb plant 2a<br />
Dieffenbachia spp Dumbcane 2a<br />
Dieffenbachia spp Leopard lily 2a<br />
Dieffenbachia spp Mother in law’s tongue 2a<br />
Dientra formosa Bleeding heart 1,4<br />
Digitalis purpurea Foxglove 4<br />
Dracunculus vulgaris Dragon lily or Dragon plant 2a<br />
Dracunculus vulgaris Lily, black 2a<br />
Duranta repens Pigeon berry 1,4<br />
E<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Echium spp Pride of Madeira 4<br />
Echium vulgare Snake flower 4<br />
Elephantopus scaber Elephant’s foot 4<br />
Endospermum moluccanum Moon tree 1,3<br />
Ephedra spp Ma Huang 4<br />
Ephedra spp Mexican tea 4<br />
Ephedra spp Miner's tea 4<br />
Ephedra spp Mormon tea 4<br />
Ephedra spp Squaw tea 4<br />
Epipremnum aureum Devil’s ivy 2a<br />
Epipremnum aureum Golden pothos 2a<br />
Epipremnum aureum Marble queen pothos 2a<br />
Epipremnum aureum Pothos 2a<br />
Equisetum hyemale Scouring rush 4<br />
Equisetum palustre Marsh horsetail 4<br />
Equisetum spp Foxtail 4<br />
Equisetum spp Horse willow 4<br />
Equisetum spp Horsetail 4<br />
Equisetum spp Mexican horsetail 4<br />
Equisetum spp Rush 4<br />
Eriobotrya japonica Japanese plum (seeds) 4<br />
Eriobotrya japonica Loquat (seeds) 4
Erythrina abyssinica Red hot poker tree 4<br />
Erythrina spp Coral bean 4<br />
Erythrina spp Indian bean 4<br />
Erythrina spp Kaffir-boom 4<br />
Erythronium grandiflorum Glacier lily 1,3<br />
Erythronium grandiflorum Snow lily 1,3<br />
Eucalyptus globulus Blue gum tree 3<br />
Eucalyptus globulus Eucalyptus 3<br />
Euonymus atropurpurea Burning bush 3<br />
Euonymus europaea Spindle tree 3<br />
Euonymus spp Euonymus 3<br />
Eupatorium adenophorum Snakeweed 3<br />
Eupatorium cannabinum Water hemp 3<br />
Eupatorium conyzoides Pussy foot 3<br />
Eupatorium rugosum Snakeroot 4<br />
Euphorbia cotinifolia Red spurge 1,3<br />
Euphorbia drummondii Caustic weed 1,3<br />
Euphorbia drummondii Milkweed 1,3<br />
Euphorbia esula Wolf's milk 1,3<br />
Euphorbia hirta Asthma plant or weed 1<br />
Euphorbia lathyrus Gopher plant 1,3<br />
Euphorbia lathyrus Mole plant 1,3<br />
Euphorbia maculata Milk purslane 1<br />
Euphorbia marginata Snow on the mountain 1,3<br />
Euphorbia milii Crown of thorns 1,3<br />
Euphorbia myrsinites Donkeytail 1,3<br />
Euphorbia myrsinites Spurge 1,3<br />
Euphorbia spp Milk barrel 1,3<br />
Euphorbia thymifolia Chicken weed 1<br />
Euphorbia tirucalli Malabar tree 1,3<br />
Euphorbia tirucalli Milk bush 1,3<br />
Euphorbia tirucalli Pencil cactus or Pencil tree 1,3<br />
Euphorbia tithymaloides Christmas candle 3<br />
Euphorbia tithymaloides Devil's backbone 3<br />
Euphorbia tithymaloides Fiddle flower 3<br />
Euphorbia tithymaloides Redbird cactus or floweer 3
Euphorbia tithymaloides Slipper flower or plant 3<br />
Exogonium purga Ipomea 3<br />
F<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Fagus crenta Beech, Japanese 3<br />
Fagus sylvatica Beech, European 3<br />
Fagus sylvatica Beech, ornamental 3<br />
Fraxinus americana Ash, American 1<br />
Fraxinus excelsior Ash, European 1<br />
G<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Galanthus nivalis Snowdrop 3<br />
Gelsemium sempervirens Wood vine 1,4<br />
Gelsemium sempervirens Yellow jasmine 1,4<br />
Gelsemium sempervirens Yellow jessamine 1,4<br />
Gelsemium sempervirens Carolina jasmine 1,4<br />
Gelsemium sempervirens Carolina jessamine 1,4<br />
Gelsemium sempervirens Carolina wild woodbine 1,4<br />
Gelsemium sempervirens Caroline yellow jessamine 1,4<br />
Gelsemium sempervirens Gelsemium 1,4<br />
Gelsemium sempervirens Jasmine, yellow 4<br />
Gelsemium sempervirens Jessamine, yellow 1,4<br />
Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo 1,4<br />
Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo biloba 1,4<br />
Ginkgo biloba Maidenhair tree 1,4<br />
Ginkgo biloba Oriental plum tree 1,4<br />
Gladiola Gladiola 3<br />
Glechoma hederacea Creeping charlie 3<br />
Gloriosa superba Gloriosa lily 4<br />
Gloriosa superba Glory lily 4<br />
Glycyrrhiza glabra Licorice 4<br />
Glycyrrhiza glabra Liquorice 4<br />
Glycyrrhiza lepidata Wild licorice 4<br />
Grevillea banksii Rain flower 1<br />
H
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Haemanthus coccineus Blood flower or Blood lily 3<br />
Hedera canariensis Ivy, Algerian 1<br />
Hedera canariensis Ivy, Canary 1<br />
Hedera canariensis Ivy, Madeira 1<br />
Hedera helix Baltic ivy 1,3<br />
Hedera helix Birdsfoot ivy 1,3<br />
Hedera helix Green ripples 1,3<br />
Hedera helix Ivy, Baltic 1,3<br />
Hedera helix Ivy, <strong>California</strong> 1,3<br />
Hedera helix Ivy, English 1,3<br />
Hedera helix Needlepoint ivy 1,3<br />
Hedera spp Ivy 1,3<br />
Heliotropium angiospermum Scorpion's tail 4<br />
Heliotropium indicum Scorpion weed 4<br />
Heliotropium spp Heliotrope 4<br />
Helleborus foetidus Stinking hellebore 4<br />
Helleborus niger Christmas rose 4<br />
Helleborus niger Easter rose 4<br />
Helleborus niger Hellebore 4<br />
Helleborus spp Lenten rose 4<br />
Heracleum mantegazzianum Wild parsnip 1<br />
Heracleum mantegazzianum Wild rhubarb 1<br />
Heracleum sphondylium Cow parsley 1<br />
Heracleum sphondylium Cow parsnip 1<br />
Hevea brasiliensis Rubber tree 1<br />
Hippeastrum amaryllis Fire lily 3<br />
Hippeastrum aulicum Lily of the palace 3<br />
Hippeastrum spp Amaryllis 3<br />
Hippobroma longiflora Horse poison 4<br />
Hippobroma longiflora Star-of-Bethlehem 4<br />
Humulus lupulus Hop, common 1<br />
Humulus lupulus Hop, European 1<br />
Hyacinthus orientalis Hyacinth (bulb) 1,3<br />
Hydrangea arborescens Wild hydrangea 1,3<br />
Hydrangea spp Hydrangea 4
Hydrastis canadensis Golden seal 4<br />
Hydrastis canadensis Indian dye 4<br />
Hydrastis canadensis Indian paint 4<br />
Hydrastis canadensis Orange root 4<br />
Hydrocotyle spp Gotu kola 1,4<br />
Hydrocotyle spp Pennywort 1,4<br />
Hymenocallis americana Basket lily 3<br />
Hymenocallis americana Peruvian lily 3<br />
Hymenocallis americana Spider flower 3<br />
Hymenocallis americana Spider lily 3<br />
Hyoscyamus niger Black henbane 4<br />
Hyoscyamus niger Nightshade, stinking 4<br />
Hyoscyamus niger <strong>Poison</strong> tobacco 4<br />
Hyoscyamus spp Henbane 4<br />
Hypericum perforatum Hypericum 1,3<br />
Hypericum perforatum Klamath weed 1,3<br />
Hypericum perforatum St. John’s wort 1,3<br />
I<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Ilex paraguariensis Mate 3<br />
Ilex paraguariensis Paraguay tea 3<br />
Ilex spp English holly 3<br />
Ilex spp Holly (berry) 3<br />
Ilex spp Oregon holly 3<br />
Ilex spp Winterberry 3<br />
Ipomoea alba Moonflower 1<br />
Ipomoea muricata Moonflower, purple 4<br />
Ipomoea spp Heavenly blue 4<br />
Ipomoea spp Morning glory (seeds) 4<br />
Ipomoea spp Pearly gates 4<br />
Ipomoea tricolor Flying saucers 4<br />
Ipomoea x multifida Hearts and honey vine 4<br />
Iris germanica Fleur-de-lis 1,3<br />
Iris spp Flag 1,3<br />
Iris spp Iris 1,3<br />
Iris spp Snake lily 1,3
Iris spuria Butterfly iris 1,3<br />
Iris versicolor Flag lily 1,3<br />
Iris versicolor <strong>Poison</strong> flag 1,3<br />
J<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Jasminum officinale Jasmine, poet's 1<br />
Jasminum officinale Jessamine, poet’s 1<br />
Jatropha manihot Cassava 4<br />
Jatropha molucanna Candleberry tree 1,3<br />
Jatropha molucanna Candlenut oil tree 1,3<br />
Jatropha multifida Coral plant 4<br />
Juglans cinerea Butternut 1<br />
Juglans nigra Walnut, black 1<br />
Juglans regia Walnut, English 1<br />
Juniperus spp Juniper 1,3<br />
Juniperus virginia Cedar 1,3<br />
K<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Kalanchoe daigremontiana Devil’s backbone 4<br />
Kalmia angustifolia Laurel 4<br />
Kalmia latifolia Ivy bush 4<br />
Kalmia latifolia Mountain ivy 4<br />
Kalmia latifolia Mountain laurel 4<br />
Kalmia latifolia Spoonwood 4<br />
Karwinski humboltiana Buckthorn 4<br />
Kochia scoparia Fireball or Firebush 1, 2a, 2b<br />
Kochia scoparia Burning bush 1, 2a, 2b<br />
Kochia scoparia Mexican fireweed 1, 2a, 2b<br />
L<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Laburnum spp Bean tree 4<br />
Laburnum spp Laburnum 4<br />
Lantana camara Lantana 4<br />
Laportea canadensis Nettle 1<br />
Larrea tridentate Chapparal leaf 4
Larrea tridentate Creosote bush 4<br />
Lathyrus incanus Wild sweet pea 4<br />
Lathyrus japonicus Pea, seaside 4<br />
Lathyrus odoratus Sweet pea 4<br />
Lathyrus sativus Pea, grass 4<br />
Lathyrus spp Pea, everlasting 4<br />
Lathyrus spp Singletary pea 4<br />
Lathyrus spp Wild pea 4<br />
Laurentia longiflora Star-of-Bethlehem 4<br />
Laurocerasus caroliniana Mock orange 4<br />
Laurocerasus caroliniana Southern mock orange 4<br />
Laurocerasus caroliniana Wild orange 4<br />
Laurocerasus officinalis Cherry laurel 4<br />
Laurocerasus officinalis English laurel 4<br />
Leucaena leucocephala Acacia palida 4<br />
Leucojum vernum Snowflake 3<br />
Ligustrum californicum Privet, <strong>California</strong> 3<br />
Ligustrum ovalifolium Privet, <strong>California</strong> 3<br />
Ligustrum vulgare Privet 3<br />
Linium spp Flax 4<br />
Linium spp Linseed 4<br />
Lobelia inflata Tobacco, wild 1,4<br />
Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal flower 1,4<br />
Lobelia cardinalis Indian pink 1,4<br />
Lobelia inflata Asthma weed 1,4<br />
Lobelia inflata Indian tobacco 1,4<br />
Lobelia inflata Wild tobacco 1,4<br />
Lobelia spp Lobelia 1,4<br />
Lobelia tupa Devil's tobacco 4<br />
Lophophora williamsii Mescal 4<br />
Lophophora williamsii Mescal button 4<br />
Lophophora williamsii Moon 4<br />
Lophophora williamsii Peyote<br />
Lupinus spp Blue bonnet 4<br />
Lupinus spp Lupine 4<br />
Lycium halimifolium Box thorn 4
Lycium halimifolium Matrimony vine 4<br />
Lycopersicon lycopersicum Cherry tomato (green parts) 4<br />
Lycopersicon lycopersicum Love apple (green parts) 4<br />
Lycopersicon lycopersicum Tomato (green parts) 4<br />
M<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Malus baccata Crabapple (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Malus floribunda Ornamental crabapple (chewed<br />
seeds)<br />
4<br />
Malus fusca Oregon crabapple (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Malus ioensis Crabapple, flowering 4<br />
Malus ioensis Flowering crabapple (chewed<br />
seeds)<br />
4<br />
Malus ioensis Wild crabapple (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Malus pumila Wild apple (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Malus spp Apple (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Melaleuca quinquenervia Tea tree 1<br />
Melaleuca spp Paperbark tree 1<br />
Melia azedarach Chinaberry 4<br />
Melia azedarach Japanese bead tree 4<br />
Melia azedarach Paradise tree 4<br />
Melia azedarach Persian lilac 4<br />
Melia azedarach Pride of China 4<br />
Melia azedarach Pride of India 4<br />
Melia azedarach Texas umbrella tree 4<br />
Melilotus alba Clover, sweet white 4<br />
Melilotus officinalis Clover, sweet yellow 4<br />
Menispermum spp Moonseed 1,4<br />
Mentha pulegium Pennyroyal 4<br />
Merremia tuberosa Wood rose (seeds) 4<br />
Merremia tuberosa Wood rose, Hawaiian (seeds) 4<br />
Merremia tuberose Hawaiian woodrose 4<br />
Mirabilis jalapa Four o'clock (seeds) 1,3<br />
Momordica balsamina Apple, balsam 3<br />
Monstera deliciosa Breadfruit vine 2a<br />
Monstera deliciosa Fruit salad plant 2a<br />
Monstera deliciosa Mexican breadfruit 2a
Monstera deliciosa Split leaf philodendron 2a<br />
Monstera deliciosa Swiss cheese plant 2a<br />
Myrica cerifera Candleberry 1<br />
Myrica cerifera Waxberry 1<br />
Myristica fragrans Mace 4<br />
Myristica fragrans Nutmeg 4<br />
N<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Narcissus spp Daffodil (bulb) 1,3<br />
Narcissus spp Narcissus 1,3<br />
Narcissus tazetta Paper white narcissus 1,3<br />
Narcissus triandrus Angel's tears 1,3<br />
Nepeta cataria Catnip 3<br />
Nepeta hederacea Creeping charlie 3<br />
Nerine bowdenii Agapanthus, pink 3<br />
Nerium oleander Oleander 4<br />
Nerium oleander Rose-bay 4<br />
Nicotiana attenuata Tobacco, wild 4<br />
Nicotiana attenuata Wild tobacco 4<br />
Nicotiana glauca Mustard tree 4<br />
Nicotiana glauca Tobacco, tree 4<br />
Nicotiana longiflora Ornamental nicotiana 4<br />
Nicotiana spp Nicotiana 4<br />
Nicotiana spp Tobacco 4<br />
Nicotiana tabacum Cultivated tobacco 4<br />
Nicotiana tabacum Tobacco, cultivated 4<br />
Nigella damascena Love-in-a-mist 3<br />
Nigella damascena Wild fennel 3<br />
Nigella sativa Nutmeg flower 3<br />
O<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Oenantha crocata Dead man fingers 4<br />
Ornithogalum caudatum Healing onion 1,4<br />
Ornithogalum caudatum Pregnant onion 1,4<br />
Ornithogalum caudatum Sea onion, false 1,4<br />
Ornithogalum spp Star-of-Bethlehem 4
Ornithogalum thyrsoides Wonderflower 4<br />
Osmunda cinnamonea Buckhorn 3<br />
Osmunda cinnamonea Fiddleheads 3<br />
Oxalis acetosella Irish shamrock 2b<br />
Oxalis deppei Good luckleaf or plant 2b<br />
Oxalis spp Fire fern 2b<br />
Oxalis spp Lady's sorrel 2b<br />
Oxalis spp Oxalis 2b<br />
Oxalis spp Sorrel 2b<br />
Oxalis spp Shamrock 2b<br />
Oxytropis lambertii Locoweed, purple 4<br />
Oxytropis lambertii Locoweed, stemless 4<br />
Oxytropis lambertii Locoweed, white 4<br />
P<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Paeonia officinalis Peony 1,4<br />
Paeonia suffruticosa Peony, tree 1,4<br />
Panax pseudoginseng Ginseng 4<br />
Panax quinquefolia Redberry 4<br />
Papaver orientale Oriental poppy 3<br />
Papaver orientale Poppy, garden 3<br />
Papaver orientale Poppy, Oriental 3<br />
Papaver somniferum Poppy, common 3<br />
Papaver somniferum Poppy, opium 3<br />
Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia creeper 2a, 2b<br />
Parthenocissus tricuspidata Boston ivy 2a, 2b<br />
Passiflora caerulea Passion flower 4<br />
Passiflora edulis Passion fruit 4<br />
Passiflora incarnata Apricot vine 4<br />
Passiflora incarnata Wild passion flower 4<br />
Passiflora spp Passion vine 4<br />
Passiflora spp Passionaria 4<br />
Pastinaca sativa Parsnip (all but root) 1<br />
Pastinaca sativa Wild parsnip (all but root) 1<br />
Pedilanthus spp Christmas candle 1,3<br />
Pedilanthus tithymaloides Devil’s backbone 1,3
Pedilanthus tithymaloides Fiddleflower 1,3<br />
Pedilanthus tithymaloides Lady’s slipper 1,3<br />
Pedilanthus tithymaloides Redbird cactus or flower 1,3<br />
Pedilanthus tithymaloides Slipper flower or plant 1,3<br />
Persea americana Avocado (leaves, stems, seeds) 4<br />
Petroselinum crispum Parsley 1<br />
Philodendron bipennifolium Fiddleleaf philodendron 2a<br />
Philodendron bipennifolium Panda plant 2a<br />
Philodendron gigantium Philodendron, giant 2a<br />
Philodendron hastatum Elephant’s ear philodendron 2a<br />
Philodendron pertusum Mexican breadfruit 2a<br />
Philodendron pertusum Philodendron, split leaf 2a<br />
Philodendron pertusum Split leaf philodendron 2a<br />
Philodendron scandens Ivy, common 2a<br />
Philodendron scandens Ivy, parlor 2a<br />
Philodendron scandens Philodendron, heart leaf 2a<br />
Philodendron spp Philodendron 2a<br />
Phoradendron flavescens Mistletoe, American 3<br />
Photinia arbutifolia Christmas berry (leaves) 4<br />
Photinia arbutifolia Photinia arbutifolia (leaves) 4<br />
Photinia arbutifolia Toyon (leaves) 4<br />
Physalis alkekengi Chinese lantern plant 4<br />
Physalis alkekengi Japanese lantern 4<br />
Physalis ixocarpa Tomatillo (green parts) 4<br />
Physalis peruviana Cherry tomato (green parts) 4<br />
Phytolacca acinosa Indian poke 3<br />
Phytolacca americana Inkberry (pokeweed) 3<br />
Phytolacca americana Nightshade, American 3<br />
Phytolacca americana Pigeon berry 3<br />
Phytolacca americana Poke berry 3<br />
Phytolacca americana Pokeweed 3<br />
Phytolacca americana Red ink 3<br />
Phytolacca spp Pokesalad plant 3<br />
Pieris japonica Lily-of-the-valley bush or shrub 4<br />
Pistia stratiotes Shell flower 2a<br />
Pithecellobium saman Rain tree 3
Pithecellobium unguis-cati Cat's claw 1<br />
Podocarpus macrophylla Podocarpus (do not confuse with<br />
Taxus species)<br />
3<br />
Podocarpus macrophylla Yew, Japanese or Chinese (do not<br />
confuse with Taxus species)<br />
3<br />
Podocarpus macrophylla Yew, Southern tree (do not<br />
confuse with Taxus species)<br />
3<br />
Podophyllum peltatum Lemon, wild 1,4<br />
Podophyllum peltatum Mandrake 1,4<br />
Podophyllum peltatum Mayapple 1,4<br />
Podophyllum peltatum Umbrella leaf 1,4<br />
Podophyllum peltatum Wild lemon 1,4<br />
Poinciana gelliesii Barbados pride 3<br />
Poinciana gilliesii Bird of paradise 3<br />
Poinciana gilliesii Poinciana 3<br />
Polianthes tuberose Tuberose 4<br />
Polyscias guilfoyei Coffee tree 1,3<br />
Polyscias guilfoyei Polyscias 1,3<br />
Polyscias guilfoyei Wild coffee 1,3<br />
Poncirus trifoliata Mock orange 3<br />
Primula spp Primula 1<br />
Primula veris Cowslip 1<br />
Primula vulgaris Primrose 1<br />
Prosopis glandulosa Mesquite 1<br />
Prunus armeniaca Apricot (chewed pits) 4<br />
Prunus caroliniana Mock orange 4<br />
Prunus caroliniana Southern mock orange 4<br />
Prunus caroliniana Wild orange 4<br />
Prunus cerasifera 'atropurpurea' Flowering plum 4<br />
Prunus cerasifera 'atropurpurea' Ornamental flowering plum 4<br />
Prunus cerasifera 'atropurpurea' Purple leaf plum 4<br />
Prunus domestica Plum (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Prunus dulcis Bitter almond 4<br />
Prunus emarginata Cherry, bitter (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Prunus laurocerasus Cherry laurel 4<br />
Prunus laurocerasus English laurel 4<br />
Prunus mume Japanese apricot 4
Prunus mume Japanese flowering apricot 4<br />
Prunus persica Nectarine (chewed pits) 4<br />
Prunus persica Peach (chewed pits) 4<br />
Prunus serotina Cherry, wild (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Prunus spp Cherry (chewed pits) 4<br />
Prunus spp Flowering almond 4<br />
Prunus spp Flowering cherry 4<br />
Prunus spp Japanese flowering cherry 4<br />
Prunus spp Ornamental cherry (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Prunus spp Ornamental plum (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Prunus virginiana Chokecherry (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Pteridium aquilinum Bracken fern 4<br />
Pyrus calleryana Bradford pear 1<br />
Pyrus communis Pear (chewed seeds) 1,4<br />
Pyrus floribunda Crabapple, ornamental (chewed<br />
seeds)<br />
4<br />
Pyrus floribunda Ornamental crabapple (chewed<br />
seeds)<br />
4<br />
Pyrus ioensis Flowering crabapple (chewed<br />
seeds)<br />
4<br />
Pyrus ioensis Wild crabapple (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Pyrus spp Ornamental pear 1<br />
Pyrus sylvestris Apple (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Pyrus sylvestris Crabapple (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Pyrus sylvestris<br />
Q<br />
Wild apple (chewed seeds) 4<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Quercus agrifolia <strong>California</strong> live oak 1,3<br />
Quercus spp Acorn 1,3<br />
Quercus spp Oak 1,3<br />
Quercus utahensis Scrub oak 1,3<br />
Quercus velutina Black oak 1,3<br />
Quercus virginiana<br />
R<br />
Live oak 1,3<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Ranunculus spp Buttercup 1,3<br />
Ranunculus spp Ranunculus 1,3
Raphanus raphanistrum Wild radish 3<br />
Raphanus sativus Radish, Chinese (leaves) 1<br />
Retama raetam Broom bush 4<br />
Rhamnus californica Coffeeberry 3<br />
Rhamnus cathartica Buckthorn 4<br />
Rhamus purshiana Cascara 4<br />
Rheum spp Pie plant (leaves) 1, 2b, 3<br />
Rheum spp Rhubarb (leaves) 1, 2b, 3<br />
Rhododendron genus Azalea 4<br />
Rhododendron genus Rhododendron 4<br />
Rhododendron maximum Laurel, great 4<br />
Rhododendron maximum Rosebay 4<br />
Rhus cotinus Smoke plant, bush or tree 1<br />
Rhus diversiloba Western poison oak 1<br />
Rhus quercifolium Eastern poison oak 1<br />
Rhus spp <strong>Poison</strong> ivy 1<br />
Rhus spp <strong>Poison</strong> vine 1<br />
Rhus succedanea Wax tree 1<br />
Rhus verniciflua Lacquer tree 1<br />
Ricinus communis Castor bean 4<br />
Ricinus communis Mole bean 4<br />
Ricinus communis Palma Christi 4<br />
Rivina humilis Coral berry 3<br />
Rivina humilis Pigeonberry 3<br />
Robinia pseudoacacia Acacia, black 4<br />
Robinia pseudoacacia Acacia, false 4<br />
Robinia pseudoacacia Locust, black or yellow 4<br />
Rudbeckia hirta Black eyed Susan 1<br />
Rumex crispus Curly dock 1,2b<br />
Rumex crispus Spurdock 1,2b<br />
Rumex hymenosepalus Wild rhubarb 2b<br />
Rumex spp Dock 2b<br />
Rumex spp Sorrel 2b<br />
Rumex venosus Sand begonia 2b, 3<br />
Rumex venosus Wild begonia 2b, 3<br />
Rumex venosus Wild hydrangea 2b, 3
S<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Samanea saman Rain tree 3<br />
Sambucus caerulea Sambucus (all but ripe berries) 3<br />
Sambucus spp Elderberry (all but ripe berries) 3<br />
Sanguinaria canadensis Bloodroot 3<br />
Sanguinaria canadensis Red root 3<br />
Sapium sebiferum Chinese tallow tree 1,3<br />
Sapium sebiferum Tallow tree 1,3<br />
Sassafras spp Cinnamonwood 4<br />
Sassafras spp Sassafras 4<br />
Sassafras spp Sassafras tea 4<br />
Sassafras spp Tea tree 4<br />
Schinus molle Pepper tree 1,3<br />
Schinus terebinthifolius Christmas berry tree 1<br />
Scilla verna Sea onion 4<br />
Scilla verna Spring onion 4<br />
Scindapsus aureus Devil’s ivy 2a<br />
Scindapsus aureus Golden pothos 2a<br />
Scindapsus aureus Marble queen pothos 2a<br />
Scindapsus aureus Pothos 2a<br />
Senecio articulatus Candle plant 4<br />
Senecio aureus Golden ragwort 4<br />
Senecio confusus Mexican flame vine 1<br />
Senecio jacobaea Ragwort, tansy 4<br />
Senecio mikanioides Ivy, water 4<br />
Senecio mikanioides Parlor ivy 4<br />
Senecio petasitis Geranium, <strong>California</strong> 4<br />
Senecio petasitis Geranium, velvet 4<br />
Senecio spp Dusty miller 4<br />
Senecio spp Rosary beads (not to be confused<br />
with Rosary vine)<br />
4<br />
Senecio spp Rosary pearls 4<br />
Senecio spp String of beads 4<br />
Senecio spp String of pearls 4<br />
Sesbania punicea False poinciana 4
Sesbania punicea Rattlebox 4<br />
Sesbania vesicaria Coffee bean 4<br />
Solandra grandiflora Silvercup 4<br />
Solandra longiflora Chalice vine 4<br />
Solandra spp Solandra 4<br />
Solandra spp Trumpet flower or Trumpet plant 4<br />
Solanum aculeatissimum Fishtail palm 4<br />
Solanum capsicastrum Christmas orange 4<br />
Solanum capsicastrum False Jerusalem cherry 4<br />
Solanum carolinense Wild tomato 4<br />
Solanum dulcamara Devil's apple 4<br />
Solanum dulcamara Nightshade, blue 4<br />
Solanum dulcamara Nightshade, climbing 4<br />
Solanum dulcamara Nightshade, deadly 4<br />
Solanum dulcamara Nightshade, poisonous 4<br />
Solanum dulcamara Nightshade, woody 4<br />
Solanum eleagnifolium Devils tomato 4<br />
Solanum eleagnifolium Tomato, devil's 4<br />
Solanum jasminoides Potato vine 4<br />
Solanum nigrum Nightshade, black 4<br />
Solanum nigrum Nightshade, common 4<br />
Solanum nigrum <strong>Poison</strong> berry 4<br />
Solanum pseudocapsicum Jerusalem cherry 3<br />
Solanum pseudocapsicum Ornamental pepper 3<br />
Solanum seaforthianum Star potato vine 3<br />
Solanum spp Deadly nightshade 4<br />
Solanum tuberosum Potato (all green parts) 4<br />
Sophora japonica Japanese pagoda tree 4<br />
Sophora japonica Weeping pagoda tree 4<br />
Sophora secundiflora Mescal bean 4<br />
Spartium junceum Spanish broom 3<br />
Spartium junceum Weaver's broom 3<br />
Spartium scoparium Irish tops 4<br />
Spartium scoparium Scotch broom 4<br />
Spathiphyllum spp Mauna loa 2a<br />
Spathiphyllum spp Peace lily 2a
Spathiphyllum spp Snowflower 2a<br />
Spathiphyllum spp Spathe flower 2a<br />
Spathiphyllum spp Spathiphyllum 2a<br />
Spigelia marilandica Carolina pink 4<br />
Spigelia marilandica Indian pink 4<br />
Spigelia marilandica Pinkroot 4<br />
Stillingia spp Queen's delight 1<br />
Stillingia sylvatica Queen's root 1<br />
Streptosolen jamesonii Marmalade bush 4<br />
Strychnos nux-vomica <strong>Poison</strong> nut 4<br />
Symphoricarpos spp Indian currant 3<br />
Symphoricarpos spp Snowberry 3<br />
Symphoricarpos spp Wax berry 3<br />
Symphoricarpus spp Coral berry 3<br />
Symphytum officinale Comfrey 4<br />
Symphytum officinale Slippery root 4<br />
Symplocarpus foetidus Polecat weed 2a<br />
Symplocarpus foetidus Skunk cabbage 2a<br />
Symplocarpus foetidus Skunkweed 2a<br />
Syngonium podophyllum Arrowhead vine 2a<br />
Syngonium podophyllum Nephthytis 2a<br />
T<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Tabebuia spp Trumpet tree 1,3<br />
Tagetes erecta Marigold, big 1<br />
Tanacetum vulgare Golden buttons 1,3<br />
Tanacetum vulgare Tansy 1,3<br />
Taxus baccata English yew 4<br />
Taxus baccata Yew 4<br />
Taxus sieboldii Taxus 4<br />
Thevetia peruviana Be still tree 4<br />
Thevetia peruviana Lucky seed 4<br />
Thevetia peruviana Oleander, yellow 4<br />
Thevetia peruviana Yellow oleander 4<br />
Toxicodendron diversilobum Western poison oak 1<br />
Toxicodendron quercifolium Eastern poison oak 1
Toxicodendron radicans <strong>Poison</strong> vine 1<br />
Toxicodendron radicans <strong>Poison</strong> ivy 1<br />
Toxicodendron spp <strong>Poison</strong> creeper 1<br />
Toxicodendron spp <strong>Poison</strong> oak 1<br />
Toxicodendron vernicifluum Lacquer tree 1<br />
Toxicodendron vernix <strong>Poison</strong> dogwood 1<br />
Toxicodendron vernix <strong>Poison</strong> elder 1<br />
Toxicodendron vernix <strong>Poison</strong> sumac 1<br />
Tulipa spp Tulip 1,3<br />
U<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Ulmus fulva Slippery elm 1<br />
Urechites spp Allamanda, wild 4<br />
Urechites spp Nighshade, yellow 4<br />
Urginea maritima Red squill 4<br />
Urginea maritima Sea onion 4<br />
Urginea maritima Squill 4<br />
Urtica spp Nettle, stinging 1<br />
V<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Valeriana officinales Valerian 4<br />
Veratrum spp Corn lily 4<br />
Veratrum spp Skunk cabbage 4<br />
Veratrum spp Veratrum 4<br />
Veratrum viride Green hellebore 4<br />
Veratrum viride Hellebore 4<br />
Veratrum viride Indian poke 4<br />
Verbena spp Verbena 1<br />
Vinca major Blue buttons 4<br />
Vinca major Vinca major 4<br />
Vinca minor Myrtle 4<br />
Vinca minor Vinca minor 4<br />
Vinca rosea Periwinkle 4<br />
Vinca rosea Vinca rosea 4<br />
Viola cornuta Johnny jump up (seeds only) 3<br />
Viola odorata Viola (seeds only) 3
Viola odorata Violet (seeds only) 3<br />
Viola tricolor Pansy (seeds only) 3<br />
Viscum album Mistletoe, European 3<br />
W<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Wisteria fructescens Wisteria 3<br />
X<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Xanthium spp Cocklebur 1,3<br />
Z<br />
Latin or scientific name Common Name Rating<br />
Zamia spp Cycads 4<br />
Zamia spp Cycas 4<br />
Zamia spp Sago cycas 4<br />
Zamia spp Zamia 4<br />
Zantedeschia aethiopica Lily, arum 2a<br />
Zantedeschia aethiopica Lily, pig 2a<br />
Zantedeschia aethiopica Lily, trumpet 2q<br />
Zantedeschia aethiopica Trumpet lily 2a<br />
Zantedeschia spp Calla lily 2a<br />
Zephyranthes atamasco Atamasco lily 1,3<br />
Zephyranthes atamasco Rain lily 1,3<br />
Zephyranthes atamasco Zephyr lily 1,3<br />
Zigadenus elegans Camus, white 4<br />
Zigadenus nuttallii <strong>Poison</strong> camus 4<br />
Zigadenus or Zygadenus spp Death camus 4<br />
Zigadenus or Zygadenus venenosus Snakeroot, black 4<br />
Revised and completed 4-6-2009<br />
References:<br />
Klasco RK (Ed): POISINDEX® <strong>System</strong>. Thomson Reuters, Greenwood Village,<br />
Colorado (Volume 138 Edition expires 12/2008).<br />
Nelson LS, Shih RD and Balick MJ: Handbook of <strong>Poison</strong>ous and Injurious Plants 2 nd<br />
Ed. Springer Science Publishing. 2007
Olson KR (Editor) “Plants” Chapter in <strong>Poison</strong>ing & Drug Overdose 5 th Ed.<br />
Lange/McGraw Hill. 2007