mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
abonentis koordinatebis gansazRvris sizuste sakvanZo sadgurebis monawileobis gareSe Seadgens 10 km-s, xolo sakvanZo sadgurebisa da Tanamgzavrretransliatorebis erToblivi gamoyenebiT abonentis adgilmdebareobis gansazRvris sizustem Sei- Zleba miaRwios 300 m-s. a) saabonento terminalebi dReisaTvis SemuSavebulia sabonento terminalebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofs rogorc kavSiriT momsaxurebas, ise obieqtis adgilmdebareobis gansazRvras. saaboento terminalebi ori tipisaa: mobiluri da stacionaruli. mobiluri saabonento terminalebi, rogorc wesi, portatulia da SeTavsebulia fiWuri kavSiris moZrav sadgurebTan. Sesa- Zlebelia saabonento terminalebis Semdegi variantebi: _ ormoduliani varianti _ Globalstar (GS) da AMPS; _ ormoduliani varianti _ GS da GSM; _ sammoduliani varianti _ GS, AMPS da CDMA; _ standartuli saabonento terminali _ mxolod GS-sTvis. portatiuli saaboneto terminalis simZlavre Seadgens 0,6 vt-s, stacionarulisa – 3 vt-s. g) sakvanZo sadgurebi sakvanZo sadgurebi Sedgeba oTxi identuri mim- Reb-gadamcemi kompleqsisagan, romelTagan TiToeuli aRWurvilia midevnebis paraboluri anteniT 3,4 m-is diametriT. 162 TanamgzavrTaSorisi komunikacis uqonloba Globalstar-is sistemaSi iwvevs sakvanZo sadgurebis ricxvis mniSvnelovan zrdas (ramdenime aseulamde). sakvanZo sadgurebis ZiriTadi amocanebia: satelefono da peijinguri arxebis, monacemTa gadacemis arxebis organizeba da mxardaWera, agreTve moZravi (mobiluri) obieqtebis koordinatebis gansazRvris samsaxuris uzrunvelyofa. sakvanZo sadgurebis sxva funqciebs Soris unda gamoiyos saabonento termnalebis simZlavris donis regulireba. sakvanZo sadgurebis mimRebebiT izomeba TiToeuli saabonento terminalisagan miRebuli signalis done da dardeba zRurblurTan, Semdgom saabonento terminals gadaecema brZaneba misi simZlavris gazrdaze an Semcirebaze. es procedura sSualebas iZleva gaTanabrdes signalis done Tanamgzavr-retransliatoris Sesasvlelze da gaizardos saabonento terminalebis batareebis muSaobis vada. arsebuli Tanamgzavruli sistemis aqtiuri eqsploataciis vadaa _ 1997-2012 ww. kompiuteruli modelirebis Sedegebi aCvenebs, rom Globalstar-is sistemis saorbito nagebobani optimaluria aSS-is da dasavleT evropis teritoriisaTvis. 5.5. mobiluri telekomunikaciis saSualorbituli Tanamgzavruli sistemebi saSualorbituli telekomunikacis Tanamgzavrebs (MEO-Mean Earth Orbit) ganekuTvneba kosmosuri aparate- 163
i 5-15 aTas km simaRleze. saSualorbitul jgufeb- Si SeiZleba iyos 12 Tanamgzavri, romelTa wona 1000 kg-mde aRwevs. aseTi orbitebis SemTxvevaSi erTi Tanamgzavrretranslatoris xilvadobis dro ramdenime saaTs aRwevs, rac TanamgzavrTa ricxvis 10-12-mde Semcirebis saSualebas iZleva da amasTanave iZleva saabonento terminalebidan maTi `Tvalyuris devnebis~ kuTxeebis gazrdis saSualebas. msgavsi proeqtebidan yvelaze cnobilia Inmarsat, ICO da Odyssey, romlebic sxvadasxva saerTaSoriso organizaciebis da koncernebis mieraa damuSavebuli. sistemebis arqiteqtura, garda kosmosuri da samomxmareblo segmentebisa (Tanamgzavrebis orbituli jgufebi da sabonento terminalebi) moicavs kvanZuri sadgurebis radiosixSirul, xazur, komutaciur mowyobilobaTa kompleqsebs, romlebic gankuTvnilia personaluri Tanamgzavruli telekomunikaciis mobiluri an uZravi abonentebis saer- To sargeblobis satelefono qselis da sxva miwiszeda qselebis da samsaxurebis, maT Soris radiokavSiris fiWuri sistemis abonentebTan dasakav- Sireblad. saSualorbituli Tanamgzavruli sistemebis ganviTarebas ganapirobebs is faqtoric, rom kosmosuri aparatis jgufebi mdebareobs bunebrivad warmoSobil ori sxvadasxva simaRlis radiaciul sartyels Soris, rac iZleva eqsploataciis drois gazrdis saSualebas (10 wlamde). es Zalian mniSvnelovania, radgan saSualo simaRlis orbitaze TanamgzavrTa gayvana, dabal orbitasTan SedarebiT, gacilebiT ufro Zviri jdeba. kosmosur aparatTa jgufebis 164 ganlagebis simaRlis mixedviT signalis gavrcelebis dayovneba meryeobs 40-dan 140 mwm-de, rac SeumCnevelia laparakis smeniTi aRqmisaTvis. saimedo telekomunikaciis uzrunvelsayofad dedamiwis umetes regionebze sakmarisia TanamgzavrTa SedarebiT mcire raodenoba _ 9 (maTi ricxvis 12-mde gazrdis SemTxvevaSi xdeba globaluri momsaxurebis uzrunvelyofa). 5.5.1. mobiluri telekomunikaciis Tanamgzavruli sistema Inmarsat pirveli globaluri mobiluri telekomunikacis Tanamgzavruli sistema Inmarsat-A saeqspluataciod Seyvanil iqna 1982 w-s, sazRvao Tanamgzavruli telekomunikacis organizaciis Inmarsat-is (International Maritime Satelite Telecommunications Organization) mier. dasawyisisaTvis sitemis daniSnuleba iyo curvaSi myof sazRvao xomaldebTan saimedo telekomunikaciis uzrunvelyofa. mogvianebiT misi gamoyeneba daiwyes saxmeleTo da sahaero samsaxurebmac. magram maSinve cxadi iyo, rom imis gamo, rom gamoiyeneboda ZviradRirebuli specialuri aparatura, am sistemis komerciul gamomyenebelTa ricxvi SezRuduli iqneboda. dReisaTvis saerTaSoriso organizacia Inmarsat komerciul safuZvelze gvTavazobs globalur radiosatelefono, satelefaqso, faqsimiluri kavSiris, monacemTa da specialuri radiogamoZaxebis gacvlis momsaxurebebs. organizacia Inmarsat-s gaaCnia saerTaSoriso statusi. sistemis mier SeTavazebuli momsaxurebebi farTod gamoiyeneba mraval qveyanaSi mxolod da mxolod mSvidobiani miznebisaTvis. 165
- Page 33 and 34: 2.2. mobiluri telekomunikaciis AMPS
- Page 35 and 36: cxr. 3.1. cifruli standartebis maxa
- Page 37 and 38: is neli gadarTviT (wamSi 217 naxtom
- Page 39 and 40: erTi saerTaSoriso saidentifikacio n
- Page 41 and 42: nax. 3.5. droebiTi monacemebi, roml
- Page 43 and 44: sixSiris Sewyobis droiTi ganmeoreba
- Page 45 and 46: fizikuri arxis formirebamde cifrul
- Page 47 and 48: nax. 3.10. b. cifrul formaSi gardaq
- Page 49 and 50: mowyobilobaTa Semadgenloba da funqc
- Page 51 and 52: _ mobilur abonentTa da sxvadasxva f
- Page 53 and 54: CDMA-s princi pze agebul sistemebSi
- Page 55 and 56: gadacemuli signalis simZlavris zust
- Page 57 and 58: mimReb mxareze Secdomebis pirdapiri
- Page 59 and 60: mis siCqare 384 kbiti/wm B-ISDN-Si
- Page 61 and 62: IMT-2000 (UMTS) gamoyofil sixSireTa
- Page 63 and 64: CDMA2000 qseli absoluturad Seesabam
- Page 65 and 66: li cikluri wanacvlebiT, rac moiTxov
- Page 67 and 68: formis mixedviT ganasxvaveben Semde
- Page 69 and 70: ganTavsebisas. kosmosuri aparatebis
- Page 71 and 72: nax. 5.3-ze naCvenebia miTiTebuli d
- Page 73 and 74: _ calkeuli kosmosuri aparatis mier
- Page 75 and 76: telekomunikacia abonetebs Soris 2 s
- Page 77 and 78: cxrili 5.2 148 cxrili 5.2 (gagrZele
- Page 79 and 80: tis xedvis zonaSi sul ramdenime wam
- Page 81 and 82: omelic zrunvelyofs salaparako infor
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- Page 87 and 88: uzrunvelyofs monacemTa gadacemis ma
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- Page 93 and 94: loebiT 520 mwm-s. Tu signali erTxel
- Page 95 and 96: nax. 5.18. xmeleTis, atlantikis da
- Page 97: ibeWdeba avtorTa mier warmodgenili
i 5-15 aTas km simaRleze. saSualorbitul jgufeb-<br />
Si SeiZleba iyos 12 Tanamgzavri, romelTa wona 1000<br />
kg-mde aRwevs.<br />
aseTi orbitebis SemTxvevaSi erTi Tanamgzavrretranslatoris<br />
xilvadobis dro ramdenime saaTs<br />
aRwevs, rac TanamgzavrTa ricxvis 10-12-mde Semcirebis<br />
saSualebas iZleva <strong>da</strong> amasTanave iZleva saabonento<br />
terminalebi<strong>da</strong>n maTi `Tvalyuris devnebis~<br />
kuTxeebis gazrdis saSualebas. msgavsi proeqtebi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
yvelaze cnobilia Inmarsat, ICO <strong>da</strong> Odyssey, romlebic<br />
sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saerTaSoriso organizaciebis <strong>da</strong><br />
koncernebis mieraa <strong>da</strong>muSavebuli.<br />
<strong>sistemebi</strong>s arqiteqtura, gar<strong>da</strong> kosmosuri <strong>da</strong> samomxmareblo<br />
segmentebisa (Tanamgzavrebis orbituli<br />
jgufebi <strong>da</strong> sabonento terminalebi) moicavs<br />
kvanZuri sadgurebis radiosixSirul, xazur, komutaciur<br />
mowyobilobaTa kompleqsebs, romlebic<br />
gankuTvnilia personaluri <strong>Tanamgzavruli</strong> <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong><br />
<strong>mobiluri</strong> an uZravi abonentebis saer-<br />
To sargeblobis satelefono qselis <strong>da</strong> sxva miwisze<strong>da</strong><br />
qselebis <strong>da</strong> samsaxurebis, maT Soris radiokavSiris<br />
fiWuri sistemis abonentebTan <strong>da</strong>sakav-<br />
Sireblad.<br />
saSualorbituli <strong>Tanamgzavruli</strong> <strong>sistemebi</strong>s ganviTarebas<br />
ganapirobebs is faqtoric, rom kosmosuri<br />
aparatis jgufebi mdebareobs bunebrivad warmoSobil<br />
ori sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva simaRlis radiaciul sartyels<br />
Soris, rac iZleva eqsploataciis drois gazrdis<br />
saSualebas (10 wlamde). es Zalian mniSvnelovania,<br />
radgan saSualo simaRlis orbitaze TanamgzavrTa<br />
gayvana, <strong>da</strong>bal orbitasTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT, gacilebiT<br />
ufro Zviri jdeba. kosmosur aparatTa jgufebis<br />
164<br />
ganlagebis simaRlis mixedviT signalis gavrcelebis<br />
<strong>da</strong>yovneba meryeobs 40-<strong>da</strong>n 140 mwm-de, rac SeumCnevelia<br />
laparakis smeniTi aRqmisaTvis. saimedo <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong><br />
uzrunvelsayofad de<strong>da</strong>miwis umetes<br />
regionebze sakmarisia TanamgzavrTa Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT mcire<br />
raodenoba _ 9 (maTi ricxvis 12-mde gazrdis SemTxvevaSi<br />
xdeba globaluri momsaxurebis uzrunvelyofa).<br />
5.5.1. <strong>mobiluri</strong> <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong><br />
<strong>Tanamgzavruli</strong> sistema Inmarsat<br />
pirveli globaluri <strong>mobiluri</strong> telekomunikacis<br />
<strong>Tanamgzavruli</strong> sistema Inmarsat-A saeqspluataciod<br />
Seyvanil iqna 1982 w-s, sazRvao <strong>Tanamgzavruli</strong><br />
telekomunikacis organizaciis Inmarsat-is (International<br />
Maritime Satelite Telecommunications Organization) mier.<br />
<strong>da</strong>sawyisisaTvis sitemis <strong>da</strong>niSnuleba iyo curvaSi<br />
myof sazRvao xomaldebTan saimedo <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong><br />
uzrunvelyofa. mogvianebiT misi gamoyeneba<br />
<strong>da</strong>iwyes saxmeleTo <strong>da</strong> sahaero samsaxurebmac. magram<br />
maSinve cxadi iyo, rom imis gamo, rom gamoiyenebo<strong>da</strong><br />
ZviradRirebuli specialuri aparatura, am<br />
sistemis komerciul gamomyenebelTa ricxvi<br />
SezRuduli iqnebo<strong>da</strong>. dReisaTvis saerTaSoriso organizacia<br />
Inmarsat komerciul safuZvelze gvTavazobs<br />
globalur radiosatelefono, satelefaqso,<br />
faqsimiluri kavSiris, monacemTa <strong>da</strong> specialuri<br />
radiogamoZaxebis gacvlis momsaxurebebs. organizacia<br />
Inmarsat-s gaaCnia saerTaSoriso statusi. sistemis<br />
mier SeTavazebuli momsaxurebebi farTod gamoiyeneba<br />
mraval qveyanaSi mxolod <strong>da</strong> mxolod mSvidobiani<br />
miznebisaTvis.<br />
165
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