mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
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sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva sibrtyeebSi. <strong>da</strong>balorbituli <strong>Tanamgzavruli</strong><br />
<strong>telekomunikaciis</strong> <strong>sistemebi</strong>s mimarT mzardi<br />
interesi aixsneba personaluri <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong><br />
momsaxurebebis uzrunvelyofis SesaZleblobebiT<br />
radio-satelefono kavSiris CaTvliT <strong>da</strong> Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT<br />
iafi, mciregabaritiani <strong>Tanamgzavruli</strong> terminalebis<br />
gamoyenebiT. <strong>da</strong>balorbituli <strong>sistemebi</strong><br />
iZleva uwyvet terminalebTan (romlebic ganlagebulia<br />
de<strong>da</strong>miwis nebismier wertilSi) uwyvet kav-<br />
Sirs, <strong>da</strong> praqtikulad ar gaCniaT alternativa <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong><br />
uzrunvelsayofad sustad ganviTarebuli<br />
infrastruqturis mqone qveynebSi <strong>da</strong> mosaxleobis<br />
<strong>da</strong>bali simWidrovis regionebSi <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong><br />
organizaciaSi.<br />
erT-erT mTvar upiratesobas romelic xels uwyobs<br />
<strong>da</strong>balorbituli <strong>Tanamgzavruli</strong> telekomunikacis<br />
<strong>sistemebi</strong>s ganviTarebas, warmoadgens biologiuri<br />
faqtori. ase, magaliTad, zemaRali six-<br />
Siruli <strong>da</strong>sxivebisagan a<strong>da</strong>mianis biologiuri<br />
<strong>da</strong>cvis moTxovnilebis uzrunvelsayofad radiotelefonis<br />
uwyveti gamosxivebis rekomendirebuli<br />
simZlavris done un<strong>da</strong> Seadgendes araumetes 50<br />
mvt-s. aseTi simZlavris signalis miRebis SesaZlebloba,<br />
magaliTad, geostacionaruli TanamgzavriT,<br />
ganpirobebulia kosmosuri aparatis mniSvnelovani<br />
garTulebebiT, antenebis didi gaSliT, maTi zusti<br />
pozicionirebiT. <strong>da</strong>balorbituli <strong>Tanamgzavruli</strong><br />
<strong>sistemebi</strong>saTvis radioxazebis sigrZe ramodenimejer<br />
ufro naklebia <strong>da</strong> mravalsxiviani antenebis<br />
Seqmnis problemac naklebad mwvavea. am sistemebs<br />
ganekuTvneba, pirvel rigSi, Iridium-is <strong>da</strong> Clobastar-is<br />
sitemebi, romlebic agebulia mowinave konsorci-<br />
150<br />
umebis mier. mTavar rols aq Sesabamisad TamaSobs<br />
iseTi msxvili mwarmoebeli kompaniebi rogorebicaa<br />
Motorola/Lockeneed <strong>da</strong> Zualcomm/Loral.<br />
<strong>da</strong>balorbituli <strong>sistemebi</strong> specialistebis mier<br />
ganixilebo<strong>da</strong> jer kidev <strong>Tanamgzavruli</strong> <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong><br />
Seqmnis sawyis etapze. magram uaxles dromde<br />
ar sargeblob<strong>da</strong> didi popularobiT. amas gaaCn<strong>da</strong><br />
rigi mizezebi, romelTa Soris erT-erTi pirvelia<br />
Sexedulebebisa <strong>da</strong> mosazrebebis garkveuli inercia,<br />
romlis Tanaxma<strong>da</strong>c `Tanamgzavri un<strong>da</strong> Candes<br />
didxans <strong>da</strong> uwyvetad~, an umjobesia, rom `<strong>da</strong>mkvirveblisaTvis<br />
iyos umoZrao~, e.i. un<strong>da</strong> mdebareobdes<br />
geostacionalur orbitaze.<br />
Tumca, ukanaskneli aTwleulis ganmavlobaSi<br />
Seiqmna ramdenime <strong>da</strong>balorbituli sistema, magram<br />
gansazRvruli (viwro) <strong>da</strong>niSnulebiT, rac <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia,<br />
ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d, mokle <strong>da</strong> Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT iSviaTi gancxadebebis<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>cemasTan. mxolod globaluri personaluri<br />
telekomunikaiis mimzidvelma ideam,<br />
romelic efuZneba Tanamedrove teqnologias, warmoSva<br />
interesi <strong>da</strong>balorbituli <strong>Tanamgzavruli</strong><br />
<strong>sistemebi</strong>s mimarT. Iridium-is sistemis proeqtSi kosmosuri<br />
segmenti Tavis SemadgenlobaSi un<strong>da</strong> flobdes<br />
66 Tanamgzavr-retransliators, romlebic ganlagebulia<br />
orbitebze 780 km simaRleze. Clobalstar-is<br />
sistemaSi gaTvaliswinebuli 48 Tanamgzavr-retransliatori,<br />
romlebic mdebareobs orbitaze <strong>da</strong>xloebiT<br />
1400 km simaRleze. TanamgzavrTa aseTi ricxvi<br />
aucilebelia uwyveti kavSiris SenarCunebisaTvis<br />
romelic aqvs nebismier abonents de<strong>da</strong>miwis mTel<br />
teritoriaze, radgan <strong>da</strong>balorbituli TanamgzavrretranslatorTagan<br />
TiToeuli mdebareobs abonen-<br />
151
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