mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
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nax. 5.1. Tanamgzavris elifsuri orbita<br />
_ ekavtoruli (orbitis <strong>da</strong>xriloba tolia 0 0 -is<br />
an 180 0 -is). maSin roca i=0 0 -s kosmosuri aparati<br />
moZraobs de<strong>da</strong>miwis brunvis mimarTulebiT aRmosavleTi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
<strong>da</strong>savleTisaken, xolo roca i=180 0 -s,<br />
kosmosuri aparati moZraobs de<strong>da</strong>miwis brunvis sawinaaRmdegod<br />
aRmosavleTi<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>savlTisaken. <strong>da</strong>xrilobis<br />
kuTxes i=0 0 -s, Seesabameba geostacionaruli<br />
(wriuli ekvatoruli) orbitebi (nax. 5.2.).<br />
de<strong>da</strong>miwis formis arasferuloba <strong>da</strong> misi ara-<br />
Tanabroba ganapirobebs kosmosuri aparatebis sibrtyis<br />
cvlilebas (procesias), rac saboloo jamSi<br />
iwvevs orbitis apsidis xazis cvlilebas. amasTan,<br />
orbitis sibrtyis procesia iwevs aRmavali <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>Rmavali<br />
kvanZebis <strong>da</strong>Zvras sawyisi mdgomareobis mimarT<br />
(kosmosuri aparatis orbitaze gayvanis momentisaTvis).<br />
kosmosuri aparatis orbitis procesia<br />
130<br />
<strong>da</strong>mokidebulia de<strong>da</strong>miwis gravitaciuli velis<br />
<strong>da</strong>Zabulobaze. <strong>da</strong>Zabulobis gazr<strong>da</strong> iwvevs orbitis<br />
`gasworebas~ ekvatoris maxloblobaSi ekvatoris<br />
mimarTulebiT kosmosuri aparatis moZraobis siCqaris<br />
gazrdis xarjze. amasTan, kosmosuri aparati,<br />
romelic moZraobs pir<strong>da</strong>pir orbitaze, iwyebs ga<strong>da</strong>xras<br />
marcxniv (moZraobis mimarTulebi<strong>da</strong>n), xolo<br />
is kosmosuri aparati romelic moZraobs Seqceul<br />
orbitaze _ iwyebs ga<strong>da</strong>xras marjvniv (moZraobis<br />
mimarTulebi<strong>da</strong>n).<br />
nax.5.2. Tanamgzavr-retranslatoris<br />
geostacionaruli orbita<br />
amrigad, pirvel SemTxvevaSi orbitis sibrtye procesirdeba<br />
<strong>da</strong>savleTis mimarTulebiT, xolo meore<br />
SemTxvevaSi _ aRmosavleTiT. polaruli orbitebis<br />
sibrtyeebi (romelTa <strong>da</strong>xriloba i=90 0 -s) ar procesirdeba.<br />
ganvixiloT mokled <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong> kosmosuri<br />
aparatebis orbitebis simaRlis sakiTxi calke, vinai<strong>da</strong>n<br />
igi metad mniSvnelovania kosmosuri aparatebis<br />
<strong>da</strong>proeqtebisas, orbitaze gaSvebisas <strong>da</strong><br />
131
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