mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
adiosatelefono telekomunikaciisas Tanamgzavrul sistemaSi gamoiyeneba SetyobinebaTa gadacemis cifruli forma. amasTan, aucileblad unda Sesruldes saerTaSoriso standartiT miRebuli moTxovnebi. aseT sistemebSi signalis dayovneba gavrcelebis trasaze ar unda aRematebodes 0,3 wm-s da saubrebi abonentebs Soris ar unda wydebodes telekomunikacis seansis dros, e.i. abonentTa momsaxureba unda iyos uwyveti da unda xorcieldebodes drois realur masStabSi. zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare radiosatelefono telekomunikaciis Tanamgzavruli qselis agebisas gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnas Semdegi: _ Tanamgzavrebi aRWurvilni unda iqnan orientacis zemaRali sizustis sistemebiT, romlebic uzrunvelyofen maTi antenebis mier radiotalRebis winaswar dadgenili mimarTulebidan miRebas; _ Tanamgzavruli telekomunikaciis sistemaSi Tanamgzavrebi unda iyos sakmarisi, raTa uzrunvelyofil iqnas momsaxurebis zonis uwyveti da sruli dafarva; _ kavSiris sakmarisi raodenobis arxebiT uzrunvelyofisaTvis gamoyenebuli unda iqnes mravalarxiani saanteno sistemebi, romlebic muSaoben maRal sixSireebze (1,5 ghc da meti), rac mniSvnelovnad arTulebs antenebis da kosmosuri aparatebis konstruqcias; _ mravalarxiani saanteno sistemebiT aRWurvili Tanamgzavris meSveobiT radiosatelefono telekomunikaciis uwyvetobis uzrunvelyofisaTvis aucilebelia meti sakvanZo (sarabo) sadgurebi ZviradRirebuli sakomutacio mowyobilobebiT. 126 umravles SemTxvevaSi abonents surs icodes Tavisi adgilmdebareoba (koordinatebi) dedamiwaze. am mizniT dReisaTvis gamoiyeneba ori ti pis aparatura: _ standartuli sanavigacio GPS (Global Positioning System _ pozicionirebis globaluri sistema) sistemebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofen momxmareblis koordinatebis gansazRvras maRali sizustiT; _ specialuri sanavigacio aparatura, romelic personaluri telekomunikacis Tanamgzavris da sakvanZo sadgurebis signalebis meSveobiT saSualebas iZleva ganisazRvros adgilmdebareoba SedarebiT dabali sizustiT. meore tipis aparaturis gamoyenebisas, SesaZlebelia ganisazRvros abonentis adgilmdebareoba (koordinatebi) sami meTodiT: _ personaluri telekomunikaciis 4 Tanamgzavris signalebis meSveobiT; _ dedamiwis sakvanZo sadgurebis signalebis meSveobiT; _ personaluri Tanamgzavrebisa da dedamiwis telekomunikaciis sakvanZo sadgurebis meSveobiT. 5.2. mobiluri telekomunikaciis kosmosuri aparatebis orbitebi zogadad, kosmosuri aparatebis orbitebis klasifikacia SeiZleba moxdes: misi orbitis formis, dedamiwis zedapiris konkretul wertilebze gavlis (gadavlis) periodulobiT da orbitis daxrilobiT. ganvixiloT es parametrebi cal-calke. 127
formis mixedviT ganasxvaveben Semdegi ti pis orbitebs: _ wriuli, romelic praqtikaSi rTulad realizebadia da moiTxovs kosmosuri aparatebis makoreqtirebeli mowyobilobebis meSveobiT xSir koreqcias; _ wriulTan miaxloebuli orbitebi. aseTi orbitebi principSi yvelaze metadaa gavrcelebuli. msgavsi orbitebisaTvis apogeisa da perigeis simaRleebis umniSvnelod gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisagan (ramdenime aTeuli kilometriT); _ elifsuri. am SemTxevaSic simaRleebi Ha (apogea) da Hp (perigea) mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisagan (Ha=38000...40000 km-s, Hp=400..500 km-s). aseTi orbitebi, zogadad, xSirad gamoiyeneba Tanamgzavruli telekomunikaciis sistemebSi (nax. 5.1); _ geostacionaruli. igi warmoadgens wriul ekvatorul orbitas, rodesac dedamiwis xelovnuri Tanamzavris brunvis periodi emTxveva dedamiwis brunvis periods (T=23 sT. 56 wT.). am orbitaze Tanamgzavri ganTavsebulia simaRleze: Ha=Hp=36000 km-s, mudmivad mdebareobs dedamiwis ekvatoris gansaz- Rvruli wertilis zeviT. geostacionarul orbitaze ganlagebuli Tanamgzavridan Cans dedamiwis zedapiris didi nawili da amitom isini farTod gamoiyenebian kosmosuri telkomunikacis sistemeb- Si (nax.2.2). _ paraboluri da hiperboluri. isini rogorc wesi gamoiyeneba mzis sistemebis planetebis dasxivebisas. kosmosuri aparatebis dedamiwis zedapiris wertilebze gavlis periodulobis mixedviT ganasxvaveben Semdegi tipis orbitebs: 128 _ sinqronuls. isini Tavis mxriv iyofa sinqronul-izomarSrutul da sinqronul-kvaziizomar- Srutul orbitebad; _ izomarSrutuli orbitebi xasiaTdeba imiT, rom kosmosuri aparatebis proeqciebi dedamiwis zedapirze (trasaze) yovelTvis erTmaneTs emTxveva; _ kvaziizomarSrutuli orbitebi xasiaTdeba imiT, rom kosmosuri aparatebis proeqciebi dedamiwis zedapirze erTmaneTs emTxveva ramdenime dReRameSi erTxel; _ arasinqronuli orbitebi, romlebic xasiaTdebian imiT, rom nebismieri kosmosuri aparatis ori nebismieri bruni dedamiwis garSemo ar emTxveva erTmaneTs. orbitis daxrilobis (nax. 5.1.) cnebis qveS igulisxmeba kuTxe dedamiwis ekvatoris sibrtyesa da kosmosuri aparatis orbitas Soris. daxriloba aiTvleba ekvatoris sibrtyemde saaTis isris brunvis sawinaaRmdego mimarTulebiT. igi SeiZleba icvlebodes 0-dan 180 0 -mde. daxrilobis mixedviT ganisazRvreba Semdegi tipis orbitebi: _ pirdapiri (orbitis daxriloba i90 0 ); _ polaruli (orbitis daxriloba i=90 0 ); 129
- Page 15 and 16: 2.6. naxazidan Cans, rom miRebul rT
- Page 17 and 18: ganmeorebis N periodis mqone fsevdo
- Page 19 and 20: sadac m aris erTi mimdevrobis droiT
- Page 21 and 22: mimdinare koordinatebia. 2 2 D r
- Page 23 and 24: 2 B q 0, 87 Ms pir ; xolo uku arxS
- Page 25 and 26: SesaZlebelia abonentTa maqsimaluri
- Page 27 and 28: amasTan, abonentTa saerTo ricxvi lo
- Page 29 and 30: 2 4 ( r / R) ( r / R) 4 62, 5 0 0
- Page 31 and 32: Cveni azriT, mizanSewonilia, ganvix
- Page 33 and 34: 2.2. mobiluri telekomunikaciis AMPS
- Page 35 and 36: cxr. 3.1. cifruli standartebis maxa
- Page 37 and 38: is neli gadarTviT (wamSi 217 naxtom
- Page 39 and 40: erTi saerTaSoriso saidentifikacio n
- Page 41 and 42: nax. 3.5. droebiTi monacemebi, roml
- Page 43 and 44: sixSiris Sewyobis droiTi ganmeoreba
- Page 45 and 46: fizikuri arxis formirebamde cifrul
- Page 47 and 48: nax. 3.10. b. cifrul formaSi gardaq
- Page 49 and 50: mowyobilobaTa Semadgenloba da funqc
- Page 51 and 52: _ mobilur abonentTa da sxvadasxva f
- Page 53 and 54: CDMA-s princi pze agebul sistemebSi
- Page 55 and 56: gadacemuli signalis simZlavris zust
- Page 57 and 58: mimReb mxareze Secdomebis pirdapiri
- Page 59 and 60: mis siCqare 384 kbiti/wm B-ISDN-Si
- Page 61 and 62: IMT-2000 (UMTS) gamoyofil sixSireTa
- Page 63 and 64: CDMA2000 qseli absoluturad Seesabam
- Page 65: li cikluri wanacvlebiT, rac moiTxov
- Page 69 and 70: ganTavsebisas. kosmosuri aparatebis
- Page 71 and 72: nax. 5.3-ze naCvenebia miTiTebuli d
- Page 73 and 74: _ calkeuli kosmosuri aparatis mier
- Page 75 and 76: telekomunikacia abonetebs Soris 2 s
- Page 77 and 78: cxrili 5.2 148 cxrili 5.2 (gagrZele
- Page 79 and 80: tis xedvis zonaSi sul ramdenime wam
- Page 81 and 82: omelic zrunvelyofs salaparako infor
- Page 83 and 84: sistemas SeuZlia uzrunvelyos rogorc
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- Page 87 and 88: uzrunvelyofs monacemTa gadacemis ma
- Page 89 and 90: lis maRali kuTxiT (45 0 -ze meti) d
- Page 91 and 92: momavlisaTvis dagegmilia CrdiloeT n
- Page 93 and 94: loebiT 520 mwm-s. Tu signali erTxel
- Page 95 and 96: nax. 5.18. xmeleTis, atlantikis da
- Page 97: ibeWdeba avtorTa mier warmodgenili
adiosatelefono <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong>as Tanamgzavrul<br />
sistemaSi gamoiyeneba SetyobinebaTa ga<strong>da</strong>cemis<br />
cifruli forma. amasTan, aucileblad un<strong>da</strong><br />
Sesruldes saerTaSoriso stan<strong>da</strong>rtiT miRebuli<br />
moTxovnebi. aseT sistemebSi signalis <strong>da</strong>yovneba<br />
gavrcelebis trasaze ar un<strong>da</strong> aRematebodes 0,3 wm-s<br />
<strong>da</strong> saubrebi abonentebs Soris ar un<strong>da</strong> wydebodes<br />
telekomunikacis seansis dros, e.i. abonentTa momsaxureba<br />
un<strong>da</strong> iyos uwyveti <strong>da</strong> un<strong>da</strong> xorcieldebodes<br />
drois realur masStabSi.<br />
zemoaRniSnuli<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare radiosatelefono<br />
<strong>telekomunikaciis</strong> <strong>Tanamgzavruli</strong> qselis agebisas<br />
gaTvaliswinebul un<strong>da</strong> iqnas Semdegi:<br />
_ Tanamgzavrebi aRWurvilni un<strong>da</strong> iqnan orientacis<br />
zemaRali sizustis <strong>sistemebi</strong>T, romlebic<br />
uzrunvelyofen maTi antenebis mier radiotalRebis<br />
winaswar <strong>da</strong>dgenili mimarTulebi<strong>da</strong>n miRebas;<br />
_ <strong>Tanamgzavruli</strong> <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong> sistemaSi<br />
Tanamgzavrebi un<strong>da</strong> iyos sakmarisi, raTa uzrunvelyofil<br />
iqnas momsaxurebis zonis uwyveti <strong>da</strong> sruli<br />
<strong>da</strong>farva;<br />
_ kavSiris sakmarisi raodenobis arxebiT uzrunvelyofisaTvis<br />
gamoyenebuli un<strong>da</strong> iqnes mravalarxiani<br />
saanteno <strong>sistemebi</strong>, romlebic muSaoben maRal<br />
sixSireebze (1,5 ghc <strong>da</strong> meti), rac mniSvnelovnad<br />
arTulebs antenebis <strong>da</strong> kosmosuri aparatebis konstruqcias;<br />
_ mravalarxiani saanteno <strong>sistemebi</strong>T aRWurvili<br />
Tanamgzavris meSveobiT radiosatelefono <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong><br />
uwyvetobis uzrunvelyofisaTvis aucilebelia<br />
meti sakvanZo (sarabo) sadgurebi ZviradRirebuli<br />
sakomutacio mowyobilobebiT.<br />
126<br />
umravles SemTxvevaSi abonents surs icodes Tavisi<br />
adgilmdebareoba (koordinatebi) de<strong>da</strong>miwaze. am<br />
mizniT dReisaTvis gamoiyeneba ori ti pis aparatura:<br />
_ stan<strong>da</strong>rtuli sanavigacio GPS (Global Positioning<br />
System _ pozicionirebis globaluri sistema) <strong>sistemebi</strong>,<br />
romlebic uzrunvelyofen momxmareblis koordinatebis<br />
gansazRvras maRali sizustiT;<br />
_ specialuri sanavigacio aparatura, romelic<br />
personaluri telekomunikacis Tanamgzavris <strong>da</strong> sakvanZo<br />
sadgurebis signalebis meSveobiT saSualebas<br />
iZleva ganisazRvros adgilmdebareoba Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT<br />
<strong>da</strong>bali sizustiT.<br />
meore tipis aparaturis gamoyenebisas, SesaZlebelia<br />
ganisazRvros abonentis adgilmdebareoba<br />
(koordinatebi) sami meTodiT:<br />
_ personaluri <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong> 4 Tanamgzavris<br />
signalebis meSveobiT;<br />
_ de<strong>da</strong>miwis sakvanZo sadgurebis signalebis meSveobiT;<br />
_ personaluri Tanamgzavrebisa <strong>da</strong> de<strong>da</strong>miwis<br />
<strong>telekomunikaciis</strong> sakvanZo sadgurebis meSveobiT.<br />
5.2. <strong>mobiluri</strong> <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong> kosmosuri<br />
aparatebis orbitebi<br />
zoga<strong>da</strong>d, kosmosuri aparatebis orbitebis klasifikacia<br />
SeiZleba moxdes: misi orbitis formis,<br />
de<strong>da</strong>miwis ze<strong>da</strong>piris konkretul wertilebze gavlis<br />
(ga<strong>da</strong>vlis) periodulobiT <strong>da</strong> orbitis <strong>da</strong>xrilobiT.<br />
ganvixiloT es parametrebi cal-calke.<br />
127
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