mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
marTvis signalebisa da momxmareblis monacemTa dacva xorcieldeba mxolod radioarxiT gadacemisas. standartSi gamoiyeneba daSifrvis algoriTmi RSA Ria gasaRebiT (avtorebis gvarebis pirveli asoebi Rivest, Shamir, Adleman), romelic uzrunvelyofs salaparako SetyobinebaTa maRali xarisxis usafrTxoebas. kavSiris sistemis resursebis arasanqcirebuli moxmarebis gamoricxvis mizniT standartSi Seyvanili da gansazRvrulia autentifikaciis meqanizmi _ abonentis piradobis dasturi. rogorc ukve aRiniSna, sistemiT sargeblobis SemTxvevaSi yoveli abonenti iRebs abonentis namdvilobis moduls _ SIM baraTs, romelic Seicavs: nax. 3.10. a. autentifikaciis princi pi 86 _ mobiluri abonentis saerTaSoriso saidentifikacio nomers _ IMSI; _ autentifikaciis sakuTar-individualur gasa- Rebs _ Ki; _ autentifikaciis algoriTms _ A3. radioarxiT informaciis gasaidumloebis uzrunvelsayofad ukanaskneli maTgani iSifreba, daSifrvis gasaRebebis A8-is formirebis algoriTmi inaxeba SIM baraTSi. gamoZaxilis daTvlasTan erTad mobiluri sadguris ERES aparatura gansazRvravs daSifrvis gasaRebasac Kc. es gasaRebi ar gadaicema radioarxiT, aramed gamoiTvleba qseliT da saabonento terminaliT erTdroulad (nax. 3.10a). SemTxveviTi ricxvis garda mobilur sadgurs egzavneba ricxviTi mimdevroba gaSifvris gasaRebTan erTad. es ricxvi dakavSirebulia Kc-s faqtiur mniSvnelobasTan da xels uSlis araswori gasaRebis formirebas. ricxvi inaxeba mobilur sadgurSi da igi Sedis yovel pirvel SetyobinebaSi, romelic qselSi gadaicema. daSifrvis reJimis damyarebisaTvis qseli mobilur sadurs gadascems gankargulebas CMC (Ciphering Mode Command) daSifvris reJimSi gadasvlaze, romlis miRebis Semdeg, sadguri, misive arsebuli gasaRebis gamoyenebiT, axorcielebs daSifvrasa da gasaRebis gaxsnas. Setyobinebebis gadacemuli monacemTa nakadi axdens daSifrvas `biti-biti~ an nakaduri SifriT, daSifris A5 algoriTmisa da Kc gasaRebis gamoyenebiT. daSifrvis reJimis damyarebis procedura warmodgenilia nax. 3.10 b. 87
nax. 3.10. b. cifrul formaSi gardaqmnis procedura radioarxiT gadacemul SetyobinebaTa gamovlenis gziT abonentis gamoaSkaravebis gamosaricxad fiWuri kavSiris sistemebis yovel abonents eniWeba droebiTi saerTaSoriso saidentifikacio momxmareblis nomeri _ TMSI (Temporary Mobile Subsriber Identity), romelic ZalaSia mxolod ganTavsebis aris zRvrebSi LAI (Location Area Idenfication). ganTavsebis sxva zonaSi abonents mieniWeba axali TMSI. Tu mobiluri sadguri ganTavsebis sxva zonaSi gadadis, misi TMSI unda gadaices im LAI zonis saidentifikacio nomerTan erTad, romelSic TMSI mieniWeba abonents. adgilmdebareobis koreqtirebis proceduris Sesrulebisas MS mobilur sadgursa da BTS sabazo sadgurs Soris marTvis arxebiT xorcieldeba im samsaxureobriv SetyobinebaTa ormxrivi gacvla, romlebic Seicaven abonentis TMSI droebiT nomrebs. am SemTxvevaSi radioarxSi aucilebelia TMSI_ebis Secvlis da maTi konkretul abonentebze mikuTvnebis saidumloobis uzrunvelyofa. adgilm- 88 debareobis koreqtirebis procedura TvalnaTliv aris warmodgenili nax. 3.11-ze. nax. 3.11. adgilmdebareobis koreqcia detalurad ganvixiloT adgilmdebareobis koreqtirebis SemTxveva estafeturi gadacemis momentSi. am SemTxvevaSi mobiluri sadguri ukve registrirebulia VLR gadaadgilebis registrSi droebiTi TMSI nomriT, romelic Seesabameba mdebareobis yofil zonas. abonentis axal zonaSi Sesvlis dros sruldeba amocnobis procedura, romelic radioarxSi daSifrul Zveli TMSI-iT sruldeba da gadaicema adgilmdebareobis LAI zonis nomerTan erTad. es ukanaskneli awvdis informacias komutaciis cen- 89
- Page 1 and 2: g. murjikneli, g. robitaSvili, T. v
- Page 3 and 4: uak 621. 396. wignSi ganxilulia mob
- Page 5 and 6: 4.1. mobiluri telekomunikaciis mesa
- Page 7 and 8: teritoriis garkveul ubnebad dayofis
- Page 9 and 10: 1.2. personaluri radiogamoZaxebis s
- Page 11 and 12: 1.3. mobiluri telekomunikaciis fiWu
- Page 13 and 14: sixSiruli zolis sigane aris F k , m
- Page 15 and 16: 2.6. naxazidan Cans, rom miRebul rT
- Page 17 and 18: ganmeorebis N periodis mqone fsevdo
- Page 19 and 20: sadac m aris erTi mimdevrobis droiT
- Page 21 and 22: mimdinare koordinatebia. 2 2 D r
- Page 23 and 24: 2 B q 0, 87 Ms pir ; xolo uku arxS
- Page 25 and 26: SesaZlebelia abonentTa maqsimaluri
- Page 27 and 28: amasTan, abonentTa saerTo ricxvi lo
- Page 29 and 30: 2 4 ( r / R) ( r / R) 4 62, 5 0 0
- Page 31 and 32: Cveni azriT, mizanSewonilia, ganvix
- Page 33 and 34: 2.2. mobiluri telekomunikaciis AMPS
- Page 35 and 36: cxr. 3.1. cifruli standartebis maxa
- Page 37 and 38: is neli gadarTviT (wamSi 217 naxtom
- Page 39 and 40: erTi saerTaSoriso saidentifikacio n
- Page 41 and 42: nax. 3.5. droebiTi monacemebi, roml
- Page 43 and 44: sixSiris Sewyobis droiTi ganmeoreba
- Page 45: fizikuri arxis formirebamde cifrul
- Page 49 and 50: mowyobilobaTa Semadgenloba da funqc
- Page 51 and 52: _ mobilur abonentTa da sxvadasxva f
- Page 53 and 54: CDMA-s princi pze agebul sistemebSi
- Page 55 and 56: gadacemuli signalis simZlavris zust
- Page 57 and 58: mimReb mxareze Secdomebis pirdapiri
- Page 59 and 60: mis siCqare 384 kbiti/wm B-ISDN-Si
- Page 61 and 62: IMT-2000 (UMTS) gamoyofil sixSireTa
- Page 63 and 64: CDMA2000 qseli absoluturad Seesabam
- Page 65 and 66: li cikluri wanacvlebiT, rac moiTxov
- Page 67 and 68: formis mixedviT ganasxvaveben Semde
- Page 69 and 70: ganTavsebisas. kosmosuri aparatebis
- Page 71 and 72: nax. 5.3-ze naCvenebia miTiTebuli d
- Page 73 and 74: _ calkeuli kosmosuri aparatis mier
- Page 75 and 76: telekomunikacia abonetebs Soris 2 s
- Page 77 and 78: cxrili 5.2 148 cxrili 5.2 (gagrZele
- Page 79 and 80: tis xedvis zonaSi sul ramdenime wam
- Page 81 and 82: omelic zrunvelyofs salaparako infor
- Page 83 and 84: sistemas SeuZlia uzrunvelyos rogorc
- Page 85 and 86: i 5-15 aTas km simaRleze. saSualorb
- Page 87 and 88: uzrunvelyofs monacemTa gadacemis ma
- Page 89 and 90: lis maRali kuTxiT (45 0 -ze meti) d
- Page 91 and 92: momavlisaTvis dagegmilia CrdiloeT n
- Page 93 and 94: loebiT 520 mwm-s. Tu signali erTxel
- Page 95 and 96: nax. 5.18. xmeleTis, atlantikis da
marTvis signalebisa <strong>da</strong> momxmareblis monacemTa<br />
<strong>da</strong>cva xorcieldeba mxolod radioarxiT ga<strong>da</strong>cemisas.<br />
stan<strong>da</strong>rtSi gamoiyeneba <strong>da</strong>Sifrvis algoriTmi<br />
RSA Ria gasaRebiT (avtorebis gvarebis pirveli asoebi<br />
Rivest, Shamir, Adleman), romelic uzrunvelyofs salaparako<br />
SetyobinebaTa maRali xarisxis usafrTxoebas.<br />
kavSiris sistemis resursebis arasanqcirebuli<br />
moxmarebis gamoricxvis mizniT stan<strong>da</strong>rtSi Seyvanili<br />
<strong>da</strong> gansazRvrulia autentifikaciis meqanizmi<br />
_ abonentis piradobis <strong>da</strong>sturi. rogorc ukve aRiniSna,<br />
sistemiT sargeblobis SemTxvevaSi yoveli abonenti<br />
iRebs abonentis namdvilobis moduls _ SIM<br />
baraTs, romelic Seicavs:<br />
nax. 3.10. a. autentifikaciis princi pi<br />
86<br />
_ <strong>mobiluri</strong> abonentis saerTaSoriso saidentifikacio<br />
nomers _ IMSI;<br />
_ autentifikaciis sakuTar-individualur gasa-<br />
Rebs _ Ki;<br />
_ autentifikaciis algoriTms _ A3.<br />
radioarxiT informaciis gasaidumloebis uzrunvelsayofad<br />
ukanaskneli maTgani iSifreba, <strong>da</strong>Sifrvis<br />
gasaRebebis A8-is formirebis algoriTmi inaxeba<br />
SIM baraTSi. gamoZaxilis <strong>da</strong>TvlasTan erTad <strong>mobiluri</strong><br />
sadguris ERES aparatura gansazRvravs <strong>da</strong>Sifrvis<br />
gasaRebasac Kc. es gasaRebi ar ga<strong>da</strong>icema<br />
radioarxiT, aramed gamoiTvleba qseliT <strong>da</strong> saabonento<br />
terminaliT erTdroulad (nax. 3.10a).<br />
SemTxveviTi ricxvis gar<strong>da</strong> mobilur sadgurs<br />
egzavneba ricxviTi mimdevroba gaSifvris gasaRebTan<br />
erTad. es ricxvi <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia Kc-s faqtiur<br />
mniSvnelobasTan <strong>da</strong> xels uSlis araswori gasaRebis<br />
formirebas. ricxvi inaxeba mobilur sadgurSi<br />
<strong>da</strong> igi Sedis yovel pirvel SetyobinebaSi, romelic<br />
qselSi ga<strong>da</strong>icema.<br />
<strong>da</strong>Sifrvis reJimis <strong>da</strong>myarebisaTvis qseli mobilur<br />
sadurs ga<strong>da</strong>scems gankargulebas CMC (Ciphering<br />
Mode Command) <strong>da</strong>Sifvris reJimSi ga<strong>da</strong>svlaze, romlis<br />
miRebis Semdeg, sadguri, misive arsebuli gasaRebis<br />
gamoyenebiT, axorcielebs <strong>da</strong>Sifvrasa <strong>da</strong> gasaRebis<br />
gaxsnas. Setyobinebebis ga<strong>da</strong>cemuli monacemTa nakadi<br />
axdens <strong>da</strong>Sifrvas `biti-biti~ an nakaduri SifriT,<br />
<strong>da</strong>Sifris A5 algoriTmisa <strong>da</strong> Kc gasaRebis<br />
gamoyenebiT. <strong>da</strong>Sifrvis reJimis <strong>da</strong>myarebis procedura<br />
warmodgenilia nax. 3.10 b.<br />
87
Change language