mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
mobiluri telekomunikaciis miwispira da Tanamgzavruli sistemebi
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Catarebuli analizis safuZvelze SeiZleba ganisazRvros<br />
sixSireTa ganmeorebiT gamoyenebis safuZvelze<br />
agebuli <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong> <strong>mobiluri</strong> fi-<br />
Wuri radiokavSiris sistemis ZiriTadi Semadgeneli<br />
nawilebi. kerZod, kavSiris fiWuri sistemis<br />
yovel ujreds (fiWas) emsaxureba mravalarxiani<br />
mimReb-ga<strong>da</strong>mcemi, romelsac ewodeba sabazo sadguri.<br />
igi garkveulwilad warmoadgens interfeiss fi-<br />
Wur telefonsa <strong>da</strong> <strong>mobiluri</strong> kavSiris centrs Soris.<br />
sabazo sadguris arxTa raodenoba, rogorc wesi, 8is<br />
jeradia, mag. 8, 16, 32... sabazo sadguris erT-erTi<br />
arxi aris mmarTveli (Control Channel). zogierT SemTxvevaSi<br />
SeiZleba igi iwodos gamoZaxebis arxad (Calling<br />
Channel). am arxis meSveobiT xdeba mobilur obieqt-<br />
Tan SeerTeba gamoZaxebisas, xolo laparaki iwyeba<br />
mas Semdeg, rac moiZebneba im momentisaTvis Tavisufali<br />
arxi <strong>da</strong> moxdeba masze ga<strong>da</strong>rTva. yvela es<br />
procesi mimdinareobs swarfad <strong>da</strong> amitom SeumCnevelia<br />
abonentisaTvis.<br />
fiWuri kavSiris nebismieri arxi dupleqsuria<br />
<strong>da</strong> iyenebs sixSireTa wyvils, e.i. sabazo <strong>da</strong> <strong>mobiluri</strong><br />
sadguris sixSireebi sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvaa. yvela sabazo<br />
sadguri mierTebulia <strong>mobiluri</strong> kavSiris komutaciis<br />
centrTan (komutatorTan) <strong>da</strong> gamoyofilia<br />
gamtariani an radiosareleo kavSiris arxebiT. komutaciis<br />
centri MSC (Mobile Services Switching Center) _<br />
es aris fiWuri sistemis avtomaturi satelefono<br />
sadguri, romelic asrulebs qselis marTvis yvela<br />
funqcias. kerZod, igi mudmivad afiqsirebs <strong>mobiluri</strong><br />
sadgurebis ga<strong>da</strong>adgilebas, axorcielebs maT<br />
estafetur ga<strong>da</strong>cemas <strong>da</strong> sxv.<br />
22<br />
1.4. farTozoluri <strong>sistemebi</strong>s<br />
agebis princi pebis analizi<br />
zemoT ganxiluli iyo <strong>telekomunikaciis</strong> <strong>mobiluri</strong><br />
fiWuri radiokavSiris sistemebSi sixSireTa<br />
ganmeorebiTi gamoyenebis princi pebi, romlebic sa-<br />
Sualebas iZleva Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT efeqturad iqnas gamoyenebuli<br />
sixSireTa speqtri. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad amisa six-<br />
SireTa speqtris gamoyenebis efeqturobis Semdgomi<br />
gazr<strong>da</strong> warmoadgens aqtualur amocanas. es<br />
gamowveulia imiT, rom dReisaTvis msoflioSi aris<br />
3 ghc sixSiremde speqtris mwvave deficiti. aRniSnuli<br />
problemis ga<strong>da</strong>Wris erT-erTi gzaa farTozoluri<br />
sistemis gamoyeneba, romlebic efuZneba CDMA<br />
(Code Division Multiple Access _ mravlobiTi SeRweva koduri<br />
gancalkevebiT) teqnologiis gamoyenabas.<br />
CDMA teqnologiis SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneba rTuli<br />
signalebi. rogorc cnobilia, rTuli ewodeba<br />
signalebs, romelTa xangrZlivobis namravli speqtris<br />
siganeze gacilebiT metia erTze.<br />
B = T F, B>>1,<br />
sa<strong>da</strong>c B, Т <strong>da</strong> F - Sesabamisad baza, xangrZlivoba<br />
<strong>da</strong> signalis speqtris siganea.<br />
rTuli signalebis teqnologiis ZiriTadi idea<br />
mdgomareobs viwrozolovani f signalebis gar<strong>da</strong>qmnaSi<br />
farTozolovan F signalebad ucvleli E<br />
energiiT, rogorc naCvenebia nax.1.8-ze. energiis<br />
simkvrive SeiZleba Sefasebul iqnas E/ f fardobiT.<br />
farTozolovani ga<strong>da</strong>cemis gamoyenebisas eTerSi<br />
asxiveben signals winaswar gansazRvruli gafar-<br />
Toebuli F zoliT, ase rom gamosasvleli signalis<br />
energiis speqtraluri simkvrive mcirdeba F/<br />
f-jer <strong>da</strong> Seadgens E/ F.<br />
23
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