MTLIANI TEXTI master.pdf - ფაკულტეტი - საქართველოს ...

ინგა გაბაშვილი 

საცხოვრისის ფორმირება მთიან რეგიონში 

რეკრეაციული ფაქტორების გათვალისწინებით 

(ხევსურეთის მაგალითზე) 

წარმოდგენილია დოქტორის აკადემიური ხარისხის 

მოსაპოვებლად 

საქართველოს ტექნიკური უნივერსიტეტი 

თბილისი, 0175, საქართველო 

აპრილი 2012 წ 

საავტორო უფლება © 2012 ინგა გაბაშვილი, 2012 


არქიტექტურის, ურბანისტიკისა და დიზაინის ფაკულტეტი


არქიტექტურის, ურბანისტიკისა და დიზაინის ფაკულტეტი 

ჩვენ, ქვემორე ხელისმომწერნი ვადასტურებთ, რომ გავეცანით ინგა 

გაბაშვილის მიერ შესრულებულ სადისერტაციო ნაშრომს დასახელებით: 

„საცხოვრისის ფორმირება მთიან რეგიონში რეკრეაციული ფაქტორების 

გათვალისწინებით (ხევსურეთის მაგალითზე)“ და ვაძლევთ 

რეკომენდაციას საქარველოს ტექნიკური უნივერსიტეტის არქიტექტურის, 

ურბანისტიკისა და დიზაინის ფაკულტეტის სადისერტაციო საბჭოში მის 

განხილვას დოქტორის აკადემიური ხარისხის მოსაპოვებლად. 

ხელმძღვანელი:------------------- მზია მილაშვილი; 

“-----“-----“ 2012 წ. 

რეცენზენტი:---------------------- დავით მახარობლიშვილი; 

რეცენზენტი:---------------------- მაია დავითაია; 

ii


ავტორი: ინგა გაბაშვილი 

2012 წელი 

დასახელება: “საცხოვრისის ფორმირება მთიან რეგიონში 

რეკრეაციული ფაქტორების გათვალისწინებით 

(ხევსურეთის მაგალითზე)”. 

ფაკულტეტი : არქიტექტურის, ურბანისტიკისა და დიზაინის 

ფაკულტეტი 

ხარისხი: დოქტორი 

სხდომა ჩატარდა: 

ინდივიდუალური პიროვნებების ან ინსტიტუტების მიერ 

ზემომოყვანილი დასახელების დისერტაციის გაცნობის მიზნით მოთხოვნის 

შემთხვევაში მისი არაკომერციული მიზნებით კოპირებისა და გავრცელების 

უფლება მინიჭებული აქვს საქართველოს ტექნიკურ უნივერსიტეტს. 

ავტორის ხელმოწერა 

ავტორი ინარჩუნებს დანარჩენ საგამომცემლო უფლებებს და არც 

მთლიანი ნაშრომის და არც მისი ცალკეული კომპონენტების გადაბეჭდვა ან 

სხვა რაიმე მეთოდით რეპროდუქცია დაუშვებელია ავტორის წერილობითი 

ნებართვის გარეშე. 

ავტორი ირწმუნება, რომ ნაშრომში გამოყენებული საავტორო 

უფლებებით დაცული მასალებზე მიღებულია შესაბამისი ნებართვა (გარდა 

ის მცირე ზომის ციტატებისა, რომლებიც მოითხოვენ მხოლოდ სპეციფიურ 

მიმართებას ლიტერატურის ციტირებაში, როგორც ეს მიღებულია 

სამეცნიერო ნაშრომების შესრულებისას) და ყველა მათგანზე იღებს 

პასუხისმგებლობას. 

iii

ნაშრომი ეძღვნება ჩემს ბაბუას - დავით (დუდა) გაბაშვილს. 

მ ა დ ლ ი ე რ ე ბ ა 

მადლიერება მინდა გამოვხატო ჩემი დისერტაციის სამეცნიერო 

ხელმძღვანელის, არქიტექტურის მეცნიერებათა დოქტორის, სრული 

პროფესორის მზია მილაშვილის მიმართ. 

ასევე მადლობას ვუხდი დათო ჭელიძეს და ივანე წიკლაურს, ხევსურეთის 

ამაგდართ, დიდი დახმარებისთვის, იმისთვის, რომ მაზიარეს და ეგზომ 

შემაყვარეს ეს კუთხე. 

მადლობას ვუხდი ჩემ მეუღლეს - ლევან მარშანიას, ასევე თამრიკო 

ოსბეთელაშვილს და სტუ-ს პროფესორ-მასწავლებლებს, მხარდაჭერისა და 

კეთილგანწყობისთვის, რასაც მე მათგან მუდმივად ვგრძნობდი 

დოქტორანტურაში სწავლის პერიოდში. 

iv

eziume 

qalaqisa Tu Zveli dasaxlebis narativTan muSaobisas, 

aucilebelia CavwvdeT mis warsuls, adamianebs, adgilis suls. 

mniSvnelovania, ra gziT xorcieldeba Zveli dasaxlebis Tundac 

mcire nawilis ganaxleba da ganviTareba. 

globalizaciis epoqaSi gasaTvaliswinebelia msoflioSi 

arsebuli sagangaSo tendencia, rac, zogadad, mcire zomis 

soflis tipis dasaxlebebis fizikuri degradaciis, rRvevisa da 

ganadgurebis process gulisxmobs. amitom, mniSvnelovania, rom 

mTis soflebis aRdgena-SenarCunebasa da iq arsebuli resursebis 

infrastruqturaSi integrirebis process safuZvlad daedos 

kulturuli da yofiTi tradiciebisa Tu sameurneo saqmianobis 

ganaxleba da SenarCuneba. 

am viTarebis gamosworebis erT-erT mniSvnelovan, Tu ara 

mTavar, gzad msoflioSi revitalizaciis procesia miCneuli, rac 

Zvelis safuZvelze ara marto arqiteqturuli garemos, aramed 

ekonomikuri, fizikuri, socialuri struqturebis ganaxlebas 

gulisxmobs. 

socialur-ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT, turizmi da rekreacia 

XXI saukunis rogorc msoflio, aseve saqarTvelos industriis, 

erT-erTi wamyvani sferoebia, risTvisac Cven qveyanas udidesi 

bunebriv-klimaturi da istoriul-kulturuli resursebi 

gaaCnia. 

saqarTvelosTvis, rogorc mciremiwiani qveynisTvis, 

gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania, rom qveynis turistuli industria 

da infrastruqtura SerCeviTi midgomisa da zomierebis dacvis 

principiT ganviTardes. 

regionaluri ganviTarebis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani amocanaa 

Tanamedrove moTxovnilebebze kargad morgebuli, gaazrebuli, 

racionaluri da, amave dros, esTetikuri sacxovrebeli-sameurneo 

Tu dasasvenebeli garemos formireba, raSic erT-erTi wamyvani 

roli arqiteqturas eniWeba. 

saqarTveloSi arsebul mravalricxovan sakurorto, 

turistul-sarekreacio resursebis mqone regionebs Soris Cven 

mier kvlevisaTvis sainteresod da perspeqtiulad miCneulia 

maRalmTianeTis erT-erTi TviTmyofadi da kolorituli, metad 

saintereso turistul-rekreaciuli potencialis mqone regioni – 

xevsureTi, romlisTvisac qveynis turistul infrastruqturaSi 

srulfasovani CarTvis realuri gzaa: 

_turistTa da sxva vizitorTa droebiTi komfortuli 

sacxovrebliT uzrunvelyofa; 

v

_regionis mudmiv mcxovrebTa yofa-cxovrebisa da sameurneo 

saqmianobisaTvis saTanado pirobebis Seqmna. 

aRniSnulis ganxorcieleba SesaZlebelia regionis 

sacxovrebeli fondis aqtiuri gamoyenebiT. es, erTi mxriv, 

regionis TaviseburebaTa kompleqsis gaTvaliswinebis 

safuZvelze, iseTi axali sacxovrebeli saxlebis mSeneblobas da, 

meore mxriv, arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis nawilis saojaxo 

saxl-sastumroebad adaptirebas gulisxmobs, sadac amavdroulad 

SesaZlebeli iqneba tradiciuli sameurneo saqmianobis 

srulyofilad warmarTvac, ise, rom uzrunvelyofili iqnes 

orive mxaris _ mudmiv mcxovrebTa da vizitorTa srulfasovani 

yofa-cxovrebisa da dasvenebis pirobebi. 

zemoxsenebuli qmedebebis ganxorcieleba xels Seuwyobs: 

1. regionSi arsebuli sarekreacio-turistuli resursis 

aTvisebas. 

2. regionSi arsebuli unikaluri eTnokulturuli memkvidreobis 

SenarCunebas, mis Seswavla-popularizacias; 

3. adgilobrivi sasoflo-sameurneo resursebis racionalur 

gamoyenebas, meurneobis tradiciuli saxeebis aRorZinebasa da 

ganviTarebas, Sesabamisad, regionSi mosaxleobis dasaqmebis 

donis zrdas, rac, Tavis mxriv, ganapirobebs: 

_saqarTvelos maRalmTiani regionebidan, kerZod xevsureTidan 

mosaxleobis stiqiuri migraciis SeCerebas; 

_regionis mosaxleobis zrdas, Sedegad ki daclili da 

naxevrad daclili soflebisa Tu Temebis aRorZinebas; 

_regionis teritoriaze gamavali saqarTvelos saxelmwifo 

sasazRvro zolis gaZlierebas. 

amasTan, es procesi xels Seuwyobs xevsureTis regionis 

mkvidri mosaxleobis mentalur reabilitacias, rac zemoT 

CamoTvlil yvela garemoebasTan erTad aranakleb mniSvnelovania. 

aRniSnuli sakiTxis gadawyveta kvalificiur midgomas 

saWiroebs, rac sakiTxis saTanado Seswavla-gaanalizebasa da 

kvlevaze dafuZnebuli daskvnebis safuZvelze, winadadebebisa da 

rekomendaciebis Camoyalibebas gulisxmobs. yovelive es 

ganapirobebs sadisertacio Temis ”sacxovrisis formireba mTian 

regionSi rekreaciuli faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT (xevsureTis 

regionis magaliTze)” aqtualurobas. 

vi

SUMMARY 

One who works on the issues of cities or the old colony narratives has to 

perceive its past, the spirit of the place and people; the way of renovation and 

development of the old settlements or even a small part of those is the issue of 

great significance. Today, in the epoch of globalization one has to take into 

consideration the alarming trends developed throughout the world with the major 

focus on the process of the small village type settlements` physical degradation, 

disintegration and destroy; accordingly, it is urgent the renovation and 

maintenance of economic activity and cultural and living traditions to become the 

basis for rehabilitation and maintenance of the mountain villages and the 

integration process of the resources in the infrastructure in there. 

Revitalization process is deemed as one of the most significant (if not the major) 

ways to rectify the situation above; revitalization itself means renovation of not 

only the architectural environment on the basis of the old one but rehabilitation 

and recovering of the economic, physical, social structures as well. 

In social-economic point of view, tourism and recreation are the leading 

spheres of the XXI world industry as well as of Georgia`s industry, for which our 

country possesses the largest and richest natural and historical-cultural resources. 

As for Georgia, the land-poor country, development of tourism industry and 

infrastructure on the basis of the selective approaches and the principle of 

moderate protection is the issue of the greatest importance; one of the most 

significant goals of regional development is formation of aesthetic, housingeconomic 

and recreation environment, that will be properly adjusted, reasonable 

and rational for the contemporary demands; the architecture plays the major role 

specifically in the direction. 

Among the numerous regions with resort, tourism-recreation resources we have 

selected for our research Khevsureti, one of the most distinctive and colourful, 

vivid highland regions, possessing so interesting and attractive potential; the 

region, for which the feasible way to be fully engaged in the tourist infrastructure 

of the country will be the following: 

- Comfortable temporary accommodation for tourists and other visitors; 

- Creation of relevant conditions for living and economic activity for the 

permanent residents of the region. 

The mentioned may be implemented by intensive application of the housing 

fund in the region; on one hand it means construction of new houses in 

consideration of the peculiarities of the regions while on the other hand it focuses 

on the issue of adaptation of the part of housing fund to the family guest-hotels 

where full and comprehensive traditional economic activity is available and 

perfect living and recreation conditions are maintained for the both - the 

permanent residents and the visitors. 

The above mentioned will be supported by the following: 

1. Utilization of recreation tourism resources; 

vii

2. Preserving the unique ethno-cultural inheritance in the region, its study 

and popularization; 

3. Rational use of local agricultural resources, restoration and development of 

traditional types of the economy, relevantly, raising the level of 

employment of the region population which will certainly result in: 

- Prevention of spontaneous migration of population from highland regions 

of Georgia, in particular from Khevsureti; 

- Growth of the region population, consequently resulting in restoration and 

recovering of abandoned or half-abandoned villages and communities; 

- Strengthening of the state border line of Georgia across the region territory. 

Besides the mentioned, this process will support to mental rehabilitation of the 

indigenous population, which is the issue of not less significance. 

Resolution of the mentioned issue needs in professional approach that means 

development of the reasonable proposals and recommendation on the basis of the 

relevant survey and analyses reports; specifically these are the issues stipulating 

the urgency of the dissertation thesis “Formation of Housing in a Highland Region 

in consideration of Recreation Factors (on the example of Khevsureti region)”. 

viii

Sinaarsi 

SesavaliQ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 

Temis aqtualuroba-----------------------------------------------------------------14 

kvlevis mizani------------------------------------------------------------------------17 

ZiriTadi amocanebi-----------------------------------------------------------------18 

kvlevis obieqti----------------------------------------------------------------------19 

kvlevis sagani ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------19 

kvlevis sazRvrebi--------------------------------------------------------------------20 

kvlevis meTodebi----------------------------------------------------------------------20 

sadisertacio Temis samecniero siaxle----------------------------------22 

dacvis sagani--------------------------------------------------------------------------22 

naSromis praqtikuli mniSvneloba-----------------------------------------23 

dacvisTvis gamotanilia ZiriTadi debulebebi (rekomendaciebi, 

winadadebebi)----------------------------------------------------------------------------24 

kvlevis Sedegebis aprobacia ------------------------------------------------25 

TemasTan dakavSirebuli sxva aqtivobebi -----------------------------27 

disertaciis moculoba da struqtura------------------------------------28 

Tavi I. literaturis mimoxilva. 

xevsureTis regionis Seswavla literaturuli wyaroebis 

mixedviT --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------29 

1.1 xevsureTis regionisTvis damaxasiaTebeli Taviseburebebi---29 

1.2 xevsureTis regionis turistul-rekreaciuli resursebi da 

maTi gamoyenebis perspeqtivebi -------------------------------------------------35 

1.3 sakurorto da Zveli istoriul-eTnografiuli dasaxlebebis 

revitalizaciis saerTaSoriso praqtika --------------------------------43 

1.4 rekreaciul raionebSi sacxovreblis formirebis samamulo 

praqtika ---------------------------------------------------------------------------61 

I Tavis daskvnebi -----------------------------------------------------------------------------67 

Tavi II. 

xevsureTis regionSi arsebuli mdgomareobis Seswavlaanalizi 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 68 

2.1 xevsureTis regionSi vizitorTa Semosvlis dinamikisa da 

maTi ganTavsebis sakiTxis Seswavla-analizi -------------------------68 

2.2 xevsureTis regionSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis 

mdgomareobis Seswavla-analizi ----------------------------------------------73 

2.3 tradiciuli xevsuruli sacxovrisis formirebis Seswavlaanalizi 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------88 

II Tavis daskvnebi ---------------------------------------------------------------------------111 

Tavi III. 

rekomendaciebi da winadadebebi xevsureTis regionSi 

sacxovrisis formirebisaTvis, rekreaciuli faqtorebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT ---------------------------------------------------------------112 

ix

3.1 rekomendaciebi da winadadebebi xevsureTSi arsebuli 

sacxovrebeli fondis revitalizaciisaTvis ----------------------113 

3.2 rekomendaciebi da winadadebebi xevsureTSi sacxovrisis 

formirebisTvis ----------------------------------------------------------------------124 

3.2.1 rekomendaciebi mciresarTuliani sacxovrebeli 

saxlebis tipebis SesarCevad ---------------------------------------124 

3.2.2 rekomendaciebi SenobaSi saTavsoTa nomenklaturis, 

funqcionaluri zonirebis, zonaTa kavSirebisa da 

regionaluri sarTulianobis gansazRvrisTvis -------133 

3.2.3 winadadebebi sacxovrisis mxatvrul-arqiteqturuli 

ier-saxis da interieris formirebisTvis ------------------138 

3.3. zogadi moTxovnebi sacxovrebeli ganaSenianebisTvis-----------145 

III Tavis daskvnebi ------------------------------------------------------------------------159 

saerTo daskvnebi ---------------------------------------------------------------------160 

gamoyenebuli literatura ------------------------------------------------------162 

terminTa ganmarteba ----------------------------------------------------------------163 

danarTebi, ilustraciebi ------------------------------------------------165 

x

ნაშრომი ეძღვნება ჩემს გამზრდელ ბაბუას - დავით (დუდა) გაბაშვილს. 

მ ა დ ლ ი ე რ ე ბ ა 

მადლიერება მინდა გამოვხატო ჩემი დისერტაციის სამეცნიერო 

ხელმძღვანელის, არქიტექტურის მეცნიერებათა დოქტორის, სრული 

პროფესორის მზია მილაშვილის მიმართ. 

ასევე მადლობას ვუხდი დათო ჭელიძეს და ივანე წიკლაურს, ხევსურეთის 

ამაგდართ, დიდი დახმარებისთვის, იმისთვის, რომ მაზიარეს და ეგზომ 

შემაყვარეს ეს კუთხე. 

მადლობას ვუხდი ჩემ მეუღლეს - ლევან მარშანიას, ასევე თამრიკო 

ოსბეთელაშვილს და სტუ-ს პროფესორ-მასწავლებლებს, მხარდაჭერისა და 

კეთილგანწყობისთვის, რასაც მე მათგან მუდმივად ვგრძნობდი 

დოქტორანტურაში სწავლის პერიოდში. 

xi

sacxovrisis formireba mTian regionSi rekreaciuli 

faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT (xevsureTis magaliTze) 

Sesavali 

qalaqisa Tu Zveli dasaxlebis narativTan muSaobisas, 

aucilebelia CavwvdeT mis warsuls, adamianebs, adgilis suls. 

mniSvnelovania, ra gziT xorcieldeba Zveli dasaxlebis Tundac 

mcire nawilis ganaxleba da ganviTareba. Cven mTlianad unda 

gaviazroT misi warsuli, raTa davrwmundeT, rom samomavlo 

SeTavazebebi warsulzea dafuZnebuli da momavalsac kargad 

miesadageba. 

globalizaciis epoqaSi gasaTvaliswinebelia msoflioSi 

arsebuli sagangaSo tendenciac, rac, zogadad, mcire zomis 

soflis tipis dasaxlebebis fizikuri degradaciis, rRvevisa da 

ganadgurebis process gulisxmobs. amitom, mniSvnelovania, rom 

mTis soflebis aRdgena-SenarCunebasa da iq arsebuli resursebis 

infrastruqturaSi integrirebis process safuZvlad daedos 

kulturuli da yofiTi tradiciebisa Tu sameurneo saqmianobis 

ganaxleba da SenarCuneba. 

sayuradsaReboa, rom ekonomikuri da socialur-kulturuli 

ganviTarebis maRal safexurze mdgomi sazogadoebis warsulisa 

da siZveleebis mimarT damokidebuleba gansakuTrebiT faqizia. 

cnobilia, rom teqnologiebisa da warmoebis swrafi 

ganviTareba negatiur zemoqmedebas axdens patara soflebis 

socialur-sasicocxlo garemoze, iwvevs ra soflis mosaxleobis 

migraciasa da sabolood maT daclas. am viTarebis gamosworebis 

erT-erT mniSvnelovan, Tu ara mTavar, gzad msoflioSi 

revitalizaciis procesia miCneuli, rac Zvelis safuZvelze ara 

marto arqiteqturuli garemos, aramed ekonomikuri, fizikuri, 

socialuri struqturebis ganaxlebas gulisxmobs. 

revitalizacia-transformacia saSualebas iZleva, rom Zvelma 

garemom SeubRalavad da gaunadgureblad SeiZinos axali funqcia 

da organulad moergos Tanamedrove moTxovnebs. 

12

es procesi garkveulwilad prevenciaa, rom SemdgomSi, 

teqnikuri procesebisa da cxovrebis donis amaRlebasTan erTad, 

ar moxdes mcire soflebis dacarieleba da maTi myudro, 

avTentikuri garemos eqspansia. 

socialur-ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT, turizmi da rekreacia 

XXI saukunis msoflio industriis erT-erTi wamyvani sferoebia 

da saxelmwifosTvis ekonomikuri keTildReobis mniSvnelovani 

resursia. 

saqarTveloSic turizmi ekonomikis ganviTarebis erT-erT 

mniSvnelovan, perspeqtiul taqtikur mimarTulebadaa miCneuli, 

risTvisac qveyanas udidesi bunebriv-klimaturi da istoriul- 

kulturuli resursebi gaaCnia. 

mniSvnelovania is garemoeba, rom vinaidan dRes turizmi 

regionaluri ekonomikis erT-erTi ZiriTadi warmmarTvelis 

rolSi aRmoCnda, soflisa da dabis tipis dasaxlebis mdgradi 

ganviTarebis gzaze, is mniSvnelovan komponentad da erTgvar 

garantiadac SeiZleba iqnes miCneuli. es gansakuTrebiT mZafrad 

SedarebiT izolirebul, maRalmTian regionebs exeba. 

saqarTvelosTvis, rogorc mciremiwiani qveynisTvis, 

gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania, rom qveynis turistuli industria 


principiT ganviTardes. Aaucilebelia ara marto tradiciaTa 

aRdgena da sameurneo-sayofacxovrebo kerebis Seqmna, aramed 

aqtualuria mTian regionebSi arsebuli yvela resursis, maT 

Soris turistuli Tu sasoflo-sameurneo resursebis Seswavla 

da saTanadod aTviseba, maTi racionalurad gamoyeneba da qveynis 

meurneobis saerTo sistemaSi CarTva. 

regionaluri ganviTarebis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani amocanaa 


racionaluri da, amave dros, esTetikuri sacxovrebeli-sameurneo 

Tu dasasvenebeli garemos formireba, raSic erT-erTi wamyvani 

roli arqiteqturas eniWeba. 

13

mTiani soflis Tanamedrove moTxovnebis Sesabamisad 

reabilitacia-keTilmowyoba metad rTuli da specifikuri 

sakiTxia, radgan wlebis MmanZilze yofiTi Tu socialuri 

procesebi qaosurad mimdinareobda da siZneleebTan iyo 

dakavSirebuli. es garemoeba am sakiTxis mravalmxrivi Seswavlis 

aucileblobas da mniSvnelobas ufro metad warmoaCens. 

aucileblobis politika SesaZleblobebis Seswavla- 

gaanalizebis Sedegad unda ganisazRvros. 

Temis aqtualuroba 


turistul-sarekreacio resursebis mqone regionebs Soris Cven 

mier kvlevisaTvis sainteresod da perspeqtiulad miCneulia 

saqarTvelos kavkasionis qedis samxreT da nawilobriv 

CrdiloeT ferdobze ganlagebuli, maRalmTianeTis erT-erTi 

TviTmyofadi da kolorituli regioni – xevsureTi SeirCa. 

konkretulad am regionze Cveni arCevanis SeCereba SemTxveviTi 

ar aris da mravali mizezis gamo moxda, kerZod: 

_ regioni gamoirCeva ulamazesi bunebiT, mdidari samkurnalo 

bunebriv-klimaturi da mravalferovani turistul-rekreaciuli 

resursiT (klimatur-sakurorto, balneologiur-sakurorto, 

sacxenosno-turistuli, samTo-saTxilamuro, alpinizmisa da sxva 

resursebi); 

_regioni odiTganve gamoirCeoda saintereso sameurneo 

tradiciebiTa da winaparTa meurneobrivi memkvidreobis damcveli 

mosaxleobiT (mesaqonleobisagan miRebuli matylis, bewvis da 

sxva nedleulis gadamuSaveba-gamoyeneba-rewva, mxatvruli 

damuSaveba). 

_ dRemde Semonaxuli xevsuruli tradiciebi da yofiTi wes- 

Cveulebebi, mdidari xalxuri folklori e.w. ”sasoflo 

turizmis” ganviTarebis karg saSualebas iZleva; 

_ regionSi mravladaa originaluri arqiteqturis mqone 

kulturuli da istoriuli Zeglebi, rogoricaa koSkebi da 

14

cixesimagreebi, tradiciuli sacxovrebeli saxlebi, salocavebi, 

samarxebi da sxva; 

_ sainteresoa sasoflo-sameurneo daniSnulebis xelovnurad 

mowyobili, eTnografiuli TvalsazrisiT friad saintereso, 

terasuli ganaSenianebac. 

_ mniSvnelovania is garemoebac, rom xevsureTis regioni, 

araordinaruli, egzotikuri da saintereso eTnokulturiT, dRes 

ukve popularulia ara marto qarTvel, aramed ucxoel turistTa 

Sorisac. 

aranakleb sayuradsaReboa is garemoebac, rom xevsureTi 

saqarTvelos erT-erTi sasazRvro da amavdroulad amJamad erT- 

erTi yvelaze savalalo mdgomareobaSi myofi regionia, rac 

ganpirobebulia socialur-demografiuli Tu ekonomikuri 

faqtorebiT. es garemoeba, TavisTavad, aq arsebuli istoriul- 

kulturuli Tu arqiteqturuli Zeglebis mZime mdgomareobasac 

ganapirobebs, rac gadaudebel da swraf reagirebas saWiroebs. 

arsebuli mdgomareobis Seswavlis mizniT, 2009 wels 

xevsureTSi Cven mier Catarebuli naturaluri kvlevis Sedegad 

gamovlinda, rom amJamad mTel raionSi mosaxleobis raodenoba 

sagangaSod mcirea da faqtobrivad milevadia, radgan isedac 

mcire raodenobis mosaxleTa mniSvnelovani nawili barSi 

CamosaxlebisTvis emzadeba. marTalia, XX saukunis 80-ian wlebSi 

iyo xevsureTis mitovebuli soflebis aRorZinebisa da mkvidri 

mosaxleobis dabrunebis erTeuli mcdelobebi, magram, 

samwuxarod, am kampaniebs arsebiTi Sedegebi ar mohyolia. 

regionis gegmazomieri ganviTarebisa da mdgradi 

funqcionirebisaTvis erT-erT axal da mniSvnelovan resursad, 

tradiciul sameurneo dargebTan (mecxoveleoba, agraruli 

soflis meurneoba) erTad, SesaZloa miCneul iqnes, farTo 

sazogadoebisTvis jer kidev ucnobi, regionis mravalferovani 

da metad saintereso turistul-rekreaciuli potencialis 

racionalurad gamoyeneba. 

15

aRniSnul perspeqtivas ganapirobebs is sayuradRebo faqti, 

rom amJamad regionSi Camosuli turistebis, sportsmenebis, 

eqskursantebis, saqmiani Tu samecniero jgufebis 

umravlesobisTvis droebiTi sacxovrebliT ver uzrunvelyofis 

miuxedavad, iq mainc regularulad Cadian turistebi da 

vizitorebi. aRsaniSnavia, rom aq araa arc kvebis da arc 

turistuli momsaxurebisa Tu infrastruqturis sxva 

aucilebeli obieqtebi. dabalia momsaxurebis xarisxi, 

arasakmarisia vizitorTaTvis gansaTavsebeli adgilebi, 

miuxedavad imisa, rom maTze sakmaod didia moTxovna. 

mniSvnelovania, bolo wlebSi, regionSi SemorCenili ramdenime 

mosaxlis sameurneo aqtivobiT Seqmnili ekologiurad sufTa 

sasoflo-sameurneo produqciis realizaciisa da kvebis 

mrewvelobaSi gamoyenebis faqtebi. 

aqedan gamomdinare, samomavlod, rekreaciuli TvalsazrisiT, 

xevsureTis regionis qveynis turistul infrastruqturaSi 

srulfasovani CarTvis realuri gzaa: 

_ turistTa da sxva vizitorTa droebiTi komfortuli 


_ regionis mudmiv mcxovrebTa yofa-cxovrebisa da sameurneo 


aRniSnulis ganxorcieleba SesaZlebelia regionis 

sacxovrebeli fondis aqtiuri gamoyenebiT. es, erTi mxriv, 

regionis TaviseburebaTa kompleqsis gaTvaliswinebis 

safuZvelze, iseTi axali sacxovrebeli saxlebis mSeneblobas da, 

meore mxriv, arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis revitalizacias e.i. 

nawili arsebuli Senobebis saojaxo saxl-sastumroebad 

adaptirebas gulisxmobs, sadac amavdroulad SesaZlebeli iqneba 

tradiciuli sameurneo saqmianobis srulyofilad warmarTvac, 

ise, rom uzrunvelyofili iqnes orive mxaris _ mudmiv 

mcxovrebTa da vizitorTa srulfasovani yofa-cxovrebisa da 

dasvenebis pirobebi. 

16

aRniSnuli sakiTxis gadawyveta kvalificiur midgomas 

saWiroebs, rac sakiTxis saTanado Seswavla-gaanalizebasa da 

kvlevaze dafuZnebuli daskvnebis safuZvelze, winadadebebisa da 

rekomendaciebis Camoyalibebas gulisxmobs. yovelive es 

ganapirobebs sadisertacio Temis ”sacxovrisis formireba mTian 

regionSi rekreaciuli faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT (xevsureTis 

regionis magaliTze)” aqtualurobas. rac, Tavis mxriv, 

samecniero-kvleviTi samuSaoebis Catarebis aucileblobas 

ganapirobebs. 

regionis ganviTarebis gzebis gansazRvrisaTvis mniSvnelovania 

misi Taviseburebis, arsebuli sacxovrebeli da sameurneo, aseve 

turistul-rekreaciuli resursebis yovelmxrivi analizi da 

Sefaseba, rac mravalmxrivi kvleviT-saZiebo samuSaoebis 

Catarebas gulisxmobs. 

kvlevis mizani 

sadisertacio naSromis kvlevis mizania: 

saqarTvelos mTian regionSi _ xevsureTSi arsebuli 

turistul-rekreaciuli resursebis racionaluri aTvisebisa da 

sacxovrebeli fondis sarekreacio-turistul infrastruqturaSi 

CarTvis, aseve saTanado sacxovrebli arqiteqturuli garemos 

formirebis mizniT arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis 

rekonstruqcia-adaptirebis, daproeqtebisa da mSeneblobisaTvis 

aucilebeli, samecniero kvlevaze dafuZnebuli winadadebebisa da 

rekomendaciebis Camoyalibeba. 

rac xels Seuwyobs: 

1. xevsureTis regionis turistul-rekreaciuli resursebis 

racionalur gamoyenebas da maT saqarTvelos saerTo 

turistul-rekreaciul infrastruqturaSi CarTvas; 

2. arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis kvalificiur aRdgena- 

adaptacias da misi resursebis sarekreacio-turistul 

infrastruqturaSi gonivrul CarTvas; 

3. sasoflo-sameurneo resursebis racionaluri gamoyenebisa da 

maTi sameurneo infrastruqturaSi CarTvas; 

17

4. regionisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli tradiciuli meurneobis 

warmoebisaTvis saWiro da Sesaferisi sacxovrebeli garemos 

formirebas; 

5. regionSi arsebuli unikaluri da TviTmyofadi tradiciuli, 

kulturuli Tu socialur-demografiuli kompleqsuri 

sistemebis aRdgena-SenarCunebas (sameurneo tradiciebi, yofiTi 

wes-Cveulebebi, xalxuri rewva da Semoqmedeba, folklori, 

winaparTa meurneobrivi tradiciebis damcveli mosaxleoba da 

a.S); 

mniSvnelovania is garemoeba, rom saqarTvelos maRalmTian 

regionebSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis aRdgena-adaptirebis 

Tu daproeqtebisa da mSeneblobisaTvis saWiro, kvlevaze 

dafuZnebuli winadadebebisa da rekomendaciebis arseboba, 

sarekreacio-turistuli industriis ganviTarebisaTvis Tanamdevi, 

bunebriv landSaftze araregulirebuli datvirTvisa da 

mosalodneli ekologiuri wonasworobis darRvevis Tavidan 

acilebis garkveuli prevenciaa. 

ZiriTadi amocanebi 

sadisertacio TemaSi dasaxuli miznis misaRwevad saWiroa 

Semdegi amocanebis gadawyveta: 

1. xevsureTis regionSi arsebuli sakurorto, turistuli da 

sarekreacio resursebis Seswavla da sistematizeba; 

2. regionSi amJamad arsebuli mudmivi da sezonurad (zafxulSi) 

mcxovrebi mkvidri mosaxleobis raodenobis Seswavla; 

3. regionSi Semosul vizitorTa raodenobis, wlebis mixedviT 

maTi vizitebis dinamikis Seswavla; 

4. tradiciuli xevsuruli sacxovrisis tipologiisa da 

genezisis Seswavla; 

5. xevsureTis sacxovrebeli fondis arsebuli mdgomareobis 

Seswavla da gamokvleva (ramdenime soflis magaliTze); 

6. maRalmTiani regionis, specifikuri ganaSenianebis pirobebSi, 

arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis saxl-sastumroebad 

18

adaptirebisa da axali tipis sacxovreblis formirebis 

samamulo da saerTaSoriso samecniero-Teoriuli, proeqtebisa 

da mSeneblobebis praqtikis Seswavla-analizi; 

7. turistul infrastruqturaSi CarTvis mizniT xevsureTSi 

arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis aRdgena-adaptirebisa da axali 

saojaxo saxl-sastumroebis mSeneblobis aucileblobis 

gansazRvra; 

8. vizitorTa da mudmiv mcxovrebTa erTdrouli ganTavsebisTvis 

damaxasiaTebeli ZiriTadi Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswinebiT 

arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis nawilis saxl-sastumroebad 

aRdgena-adaptirebisa, aseve axali mSeneblobebisTvis ZiriTad 

moTxovnaTa kompleqsis gamovlena; 

9. xevsureTSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis aRdgena- 

adaptirebisa da axali saxl-sastumroebis daproeqtebisa da 

saTanado sacxovrebeli garemos formirebisTvis saWiro, 

kvlevebze dafuZnebuli, winadadebebisa da rekomendaciebis 

SemuSaveba; 

kvlevis obieqti 

kvlevis obieqti saqarTvelos maRalmTian regionSi _ 

xevsureTSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondi da masSi Semavali 

saxlebia, romelTa nawilis saojaxo saxl-sastumroebad 

adaptireba SeiZleba. 

kvlevis sagani 

kvlevis sagania xevsureTis regionSi vizitorTa ganTavsebisa 

da mudmiv macxovrebelTa yofa-cxovrebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli 

ZiriTad moTxovnaTa kompleqsi, romelic gavlenas moaxdens, 

damatebiTi funqciis Sesabamisad, sacxovrebl fondSi arsebuli 

saxlebis aRdgena-adaptirebasa da axli tipis sacxovrebel- 

saojaxo saxl-sastumros arqiteqturuli garemos formirebaze. 

19

kvlevis sazRvrebi 

kvlevis sazRvrebi iTvaliswinebda gamokvlevebis Catarebas 

saqarTvelos maRalmTiani regionis, kerZod, piraqeTa da piriqiTa 

xevsureTis soflebSi. 

kvlevis kontingents Seadgens: 

_ aRniSnul sazRvrebSi arsebuli mudmivi mosaxleoba; 

_ regionSi asuli vizitorebi, maT Soris turistebi, 

damsveneblebi eqskursiebisa da laSqrobebis monawileni da sxva; 

_ amJamad TbilisSi mcxovrebi, warmoSobiT xevsurebi; 

_ sxvadasxva dargis eqspertebi, maT Soris istorikosebi, 

eTnologebi, arqiteqtorebi, xalxuri Semoqmedebi da sxva. 

kvlevis meTodebi 

xevsureTis regionis turistul-rekreaciuli resursebis 

dadgenisaTvis gamoyenebulia kvlevis fundamenturi, aseve 

naturaluri kvlevis, dakvirvebis, sistemur-geografiuli, 

modelirebisa da sxva meTodebi, kerZod: 

analizi da Sefaseba gakeTebulia turistul da sameurneo 

infrastruqturaSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis CarTvis 

samamulo da sazRvargareTis praqtikis Seswavlis mizniT; 

modelirebis meTodi gamoyenebulia sacxovreblis gegmarebiTi 

struqturisa da funqciuri zonirebis gansazRvrisa da 

sacxovreblis arqiteqturuli garemos formirebis mizniT; 

anketuri interviu gamoyenebulia mosaxleobisa da vizitorTa 

gamokiTxvisaTvis, arsebuli mdgomareobis Seswavlis mizniT; 

fotofiqsaciis meTodi gamoyenebulia xevsureTis soflebSi 

arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis dRevandeli mdgomareobis 

dafiqsirebis mizniT. 

Ggarda zemoT aRniSnulisa, kvlevis meTodika agreTve 

iTvaliswinebs: 

- aRniSnuli sakiTxisadmi miZRvnili literaturuli wyaroebis, 

normatiuli dokumentebis, samecniero-Teoriuli naSromebis 

Seswavlasa da analizs; 

20

- arsebuli samamulo saproeqto praqtikisa da sxva 

grafikuli masalis Seswavla-sistematizacias; 

- maRalmTian regionebSi mciresarTuliani sacxovrebeli 

saxlebis saojaxo sastumroebad adaptirebis, daproeqtebisa da 

mSeneblobis sferoSi arsebuli samamulo da sazRvargareTis 

praqtikis analizsa da ganzogadebas; 

- xevsureTis regionSi naturaluri kvlevis Catarebas iq 

arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis mdgomareobisa da misi 

turistul infrastruqturaSi CarTvis resursis gamovlenis 

mizniT; 

- demografiuli, socialuri da arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi 

parametrebis safuZvelze Catarebuli naturaluri kvlevis 

Sedegebis Seswavlasa da analizs, rac fizikuri, teqnikuri da 

sxva maxasiaTeblebis SedarebiTi analizis, logikuri 

modelirebisa da teqnikur-ekonomikuri dasabuTebis meTodis 

gamoyenebasa Tu kvlevis obieqtebis Sefasebis parametrul 

(SefardebiTi erTeuli mag., adamiani/Tveze) da araparametrul 

(zogadi raodenoba, sul 5-6 kaci) meTodebs gulisxmobs. 

saqarTvelos maRalmTian turistul regionSi _ xevsureTSi 

Cven mier Catarebuli naturaluri gamokvlevebi, romlebic 

moicavda sacxovrebeli fondis amJamad arsebuli mdgomareobis 

Seswavlas da dafiqsirebas, mis saeqspluatacio Tvisebebis 

Sefasebas, mudmiv mcxovrebTa da rekreantTa gamokiTxvas, 

ganxorcielda Cven mier SemuSavebuli anketis formiT; 

gamoikiTxa kvlevis momentisaTvis regionSi myofi mudmivi 

macxovreblebi (15 respondenti, rac sxvadasxva sofelSi 

mcxovrebTa saerTo raodenobis 80-90%-s Seadgens), vizitorebi (15 

respondenti, rac vizitorTa saerTo raodenobis 50_60% 

Seadgens) da turistul-saeqskursio momsaxure personali (6 

gamyoli 4 saagentodan). avtoris mier aseve ganxorcielda 

arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis amJamindeli mdgomareobis 

adgilze fotofiqsacia; (gadaRebulia 80-mde foto). 

21

disertaciaSi dasmuli konkretuli sakiTxebis kvleva eyrdnoba 

sociologiuri kvlevis (anketirebis) raodenobriv monacemebsa da 

maT analizs. damuSavda Tvisebrivi da raodenobrivi meTodebi. 

kerZod, monacemTa analizisaTvis gamoyenebul iqna iseTi 

meTodebi, rogoricaa monacemebis dajgufeba, tipobrivoba, 

Sedarebebi, analogia, sistemuri midgoma da sxva meTodebi. 

sadisertacio Temis samecniero siaxle 

saqarTvelos erT-erTi maRalmTiani regionis – xevsureTis 

turistul-rekreaciul da tradiciul sameurneo 

infrastruqturaSi adgilobrivi sacxovrebeli fondis 

srulfasovnad CarTvis mizniT, Catarebuli kvlevebisa da 

saTanado daskvnebis safuZvelze, SemuSavebulia sacxovrebeli 

arqiteqturuli garemos formirebis saerTo koncefcia da 

arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis aRdgena-adaptirebisa da axali 

saxl-sastumroebis daproeqtebisaTvis saWiro winadadebebi da 

rekomendaciebi. 

dacvis sagani 

naSromSi dacvisaTvis gamotanilia: 

_saqarTvelos maRalmTian regionSi _ xevsureTSi sacxovreblis 

arqiteqturuli garemos formirebis konceftualuri sakiTxebi, 

kerZod, arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis nawilis saojaxo saxl- 

sastumroebad aRdgena-adaptirebisa da revitalizaciis sakiTxi; 

_ axali saxl-sastumroebis daproeqtebisa da mSeneblobisaTvis 

saWiro winadadebebi da rekomendaciebi, romlebic 

iTvaliswinebs: saxlebis tipTa nomenklaturas; saxlebis 

moculobiT-gegmarebiTi gadawyvetis principebs (sarTulianoba, 

funqciur zonebad dayofa, saTavsTa nomenklaturuli 

Sedgeniloba); saxlebis interierebis sivrciT-gegmarebiT da 

mxatvrul dekoratiuli formirebis sakiTxebs; zogad 

rekomendaciebs konstruqciuli gadawyvetebisa da sainJinro 

keTilmowyobis Sesaxeb; sacxovrebeli ganaSenianebisadmi zogad 

qalaqgegmarebiT da mxatvrul-arqiteqturul moTxovnebs; 

22

saxlebis eqspluataciis savaraudo socialur-ekonomikur 

efeqts. 

naSromis praqtikuli mniSvneloba 

naSromSi SemuSavebuli winadadebebisa da rekomendaciebis 

praqtikaSi danergva, turistul-rekreaciuli TvalsazrisiT, 

perspeqtiul maRalmTian xevsureTis regionSi, garemosTan 

misadagebuli da mudmiv mcxovrebTa da vizitorTaTvis 

komfortuli sacxovreblis formirebis realur gzad gvesaxeba, 

kerZod: 

regionSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis saxlebis nawilis 

saojaxo saxl-sastumroebad aRdgena-adaptirebisa da axali 

mSeneblobebis sawarmoeblad axali tipis sacxovreblebis 

saerTo koncefciis, saproeqto rekomendaciebis, winadadebebisa 

da miTiTebebis praqtikaSi gamoyeneba saSualebas mogvcems, 

konkretuli pirobebidan gamomdinare (reliefisa da 

adgilmdebareobis Tavisebureba, sameurneo da socialuri, 

esTetikuri, maqsimalurad racionaluri Tu sxva moTxovnebi), 

ganisazRvros saxlis moculobiT-gegmarebiTi struqtura, tipi, 

sacxovrebeli saxlis funqciuri zonireba, zonaTSorisi 

kavSirebi da izolireba. SeirCes sarTulianoba, ganisazRvros 

saTavsTa nomenklatura, interieris sivrciT-moculobiTi da 

mxatvrul-dekoratiuli gadawyveta. SeirCes aseve konstruqciuli 

gadawyvetebi, saxlisa da mimdebare teritoriis sainJinro- 

sakomunikacio keTilmowyobis saxeebi, daproeqtebisas 

gasaTvaliswinebeli samSeneblo normebi da wesebi, Zalian 

zogadad ZiriTadi qalaqgegmarebiTi moTxovnebi. 

zemoxsenebuli RonisZiebebi xels Seuwyobs: 

1. regionSi arsebuli sarekreacio-turistuli resursis 

aTvisebas. 

2. regionSi arsebuli unikaluri eTnokulturuli memkvidreobis 

SenarCunebas, mis Seswavla-popularizacias; 

23

3. adgilobrivi sasoflo-sameurneo resursebis racionalur 

gamoyenebas, meurneobis tradiciuli saxeebis aRorZinebasa da 

ganviTarebas, Sesabamisad, regionSi mosaxleobis dasaqmebis 

donis zrdas, rac, Tavis mxriv, ganapirobebs: 

_ saqarTvelos maRalmTiani regionebidan, kerZod xevsureTidan 

mosaxleobis stiqiuri migraciis SeCerebas; 

_ regionis mosaxleobis zrdas, Sedegad ki daclili da 

naxevrad daclili soflebisa Tu Temebis aRorZinebas; 

_ regionis teritoriaze gamavali saqarTvelos saxelmwifo 

sasazRvro zolis gaZlierebas. 

amasTan, es procesi xels Seuwyobs xevsureTis regionis 

mkvidri mosaxleobis mentalur reabilitacias, rac zemoT 

CamoTvlil yvela garemoebasTan erTad aranakleb mniSvnelovania. 

naSromis savaraudo praqtikul Sedegad aseve SesaZloa 

miviCnioT: 

_ turizmis industriis ganviTarebis Tanamdevi mosalodneli 

ekologiuri wonasworobis darRvevisa da landSaftze 

araregulirebuli datvirTvis garkveuli prevencia. 

_ aseve, garemosTan morgebuli am e.w. àxal-Zveli” 

sacxovreblis adaptireba da SemdgomSi gamoyeneba xels 

Seuwyobs regionis yovelmxriv unikaluri TviTmyofadobis, 

ekologiuri balansisa da garemos saerTo da arqiteqturuli 

iersaxis, aseve tradiciuli sacxovrisis adgilze SenarCunebas, 

rasac udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs da asrulebs maRal misias 

erovnuli prestiJis amaRlebis saqmeSi. 

dacvisTvis gamotanilia ZiriTadi debulebebi: 

winadadebebi: 

_ xevsureTis regionSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis saxlebis 

im kategoriebis gansazRvra, romlebic gamoyenebis perspeqtivebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT eqvemdebareba: 

a. ucvlelad konservacias. 

b. saojaxo saxl-sastumrod adaptacia-revitalizacias. 

24

ekomendaciebi: 

a. vizitorTa da mudmiv mcxovrebTa erTdrouli, yofa- 

cxovrebisTvis damaxasiaTebel TaviseburebaTa kompleqsis 

gaTvaliswinebis safuZvelze arsebuli sacxovrebeli 

saxlebis adaptirebisTvis. 

b. axali tipis mciresarTuliani sacxovrebeli saxl- 

sastumroebis daproeqtebisaTvis. kerZod: 

sivrciT-gegmarebiTi struqturebi/sqemebi; 

eqsterieris mxatvrul-arqiteqturuli saxe; 

interieris mxatvrul-esTetikuri formireba. 

kvlevis Sedegebis aprobacia 

inga gabaSvilma doqtoranturaSi swavlis (2008_2011ww.) 

periodSi monawileoba miiRo: 

konferenciebSi: 

2008w. stu-s #76 samecniero-teqnikuri konferencia, 

arqiteqturisa da qalaqTmSeneblobis seqcia. Tema: 

„sacxovrebeli garemos da interieris arqiteqturuli 

formirebis sakiTxebi saqarTvelos kurortebze“. mieniWa 

diplomi, II adgili. 


arqiteqturisa da qalaqTmSeneblobis seqcia. mieniWa diplomi, 

III adgili. 

2009w. stu-s #77 samecniero-teqnikuri konferencia, ucxo 

enebisa da komunikaciebis seqcia. Tema: “Questions of Formation 

Residential Architectural Surrounding on the Resorts of Georgia.” mieniWa 

diplomi, I adgili. 

2009w. Tsu-s amerikaTmcodneobis X yovelwliuri 

saerTaSoriso konferencia - amerikuli demokratiis 

gamocdileba. seqcia II, arqiteqtura. Tema: „gugi _ amerikuli 

arqiteqturuli stili.“ 

25


arqiteqturisa da qalaqTmSeneblobis seqcia. Tema: `turizmi _ 

xevsureTis momavali“. 

2010w. Tsu-s amerikaTmcodneobis XI yovelwliuri 

saerTaSoriso konferencia. Tema: „amerika da amerikuli 

Rirebulebebi.“ seqcia II, Tanamedrove aSS-is arqiteqturis 

Taviseburebebi. Tema: „amerikuli qanTri – ranCo.“ 

2010w. Tssa-s „xarisxi da profesia“ saerTaSoriso 

regionaluri festivali /Tbilisi/. saerTaSoriso konferencia 

„cxovreba turizmis miRma _ qveynebi, istoria, kulturuli 

turizmi“. Tema: „eko(faqizi) turizmis ganviTareba tradiciul 

istoriul garemoSi, xevsureTi.“ 

Tematuri seminari # 1 (2010 wlis marti) 

2010 saswavlo wlis I semestrSi Catarda I Tematuri seminari 

saTauriT: “qarTuli tradiciuli sacxovrisis ganviTarebis 

etapebi “gadavarCinoT xevsuruli saxli.” 

Tematuri seminari # 2 (2011 wlis noemberi) 

2010 saswavlo wlis II semestrSi Caatarda II Tematuri seminari 

saTauriT: “xevsureTSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis 

mdgomareobis Seswavla-analizi da samomavlo perspeqtivebi”. 

publikaciebi. statiebi 

Sromebi (saerTaSoriso akreditaciis mqone Jurnali, 

saqarTvelos teqnikuri universiteti) # 4(470) 2008 w., statia 

“XX saukunis arqiteqturuli stili – gugi”. avtorebi: i. 

gabaSvili, m. milaSvili; gv. 76_80 

Sromebi (saerTaSoriso akreditaciis mqone 

Jurnali,saqarTvelos teqnikuri universiteti) # 4(471) 2009 w., 

statia: “saqarTvelos mTian regionebSi ojaxuri sastumros 

arqiteqturuli garemosa da interieris formirebis sakiTxebi 

(piraqeTa xevsureTisa da fSavis magaliTiT).~ avtorebi: i. 

gabaSvili, m. milaSvili; gv. 57_62 

26

Sromebi (saqarTvelos ganaTlebis mecnierebaTa 

akademiis Jurnal “moambis” damateba, saerTaSoriso 

akreditaciis mqone Jurnali, # 2(17) 2010 w., Tbilisi. statia: 

`xevsuruli saxli.” avtorebi: i. gabaSvili, m. milaSvili; gv. 

197_203. 

TemasTan dakavSirebuli sxva aqtivobebi: 

2010 wlis dekembris #1(201) “sruliad saqarTvelos gazeT 

raeos”, ganyofilebaSi regionebi, statia saTauriT: “mTianeTi 

mcire ojaxurma biznesma unda aaRorZinos.” gv. 4. 

2010 wlis 26 aprils _ folk radio (Folk Radio) FM-99.2 

sixSireze gadacema “saRamos saubrebi nino WalisurTan erTad” 

da mowveuli stumris statusiT eTnolog-istorikos ivane 

wiklaurTan erTad. Tema: “gadavarCinoT xevsuruli saxli”. 

2010 wlis 10_15 ivnisi. saqarTvelos folkloris saxelmwifo 

centris sagamofeno darbaz “galereaSi“ _ fotogamofena 

“gadavarCinoT xevsuruli saxli”. RonisZiebis erT-erTi 

organizatori i. gabaSvili. warmodgenili iyo xevsuruli “ban- 

kaloiani” saxlebis 190-mde Zveli (arqivis da sxvadasxva 

avtorTan moZiebuli) da axali foto da grafikuli masalebi. 

aqve Zvel, tradiciul saxlebSi ojaxuri sastumroebis 

mowyobis msoflio gamocdilebis amsaxveli fotomasala 

(proeqtis mxardamWeri: saqarTvelos folkloris 

saerTaSoriso centri). 

2010 wlis 12_13 ivniss _ miiRo monawileoba amave gamofenis 

farglebSi Catarebul konferenciaSi. Tema: “xevsuruli saxli 

da misi suli.” 

2010 wlis 18 ivniss _ radio “saqarTvelos 1 arxze” gadacema 

“pikis saaTSi” rubrika “kulturul memkvidreobaSi” i. 

gabaSvilma isaubra xevsuruli tradiciuli bankaloiani 

saxlis, misi am saxiT Camoyalibebis winapirobebis Sesaxeb. 

27

2011 wlis 17 noembers _ sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos 

patriarqis saerTaSoriso saqvelmoqmedo fondSi, 

yovelkvireul proeqt “axalgazrdebis Sexvedrebi cnobil 

adamianebTan”, rogorc respodentma, isaubra Temaze: 

“saqarTvelos maRalmTiani regionebis tradiciuli yofiTi 

arqiteqtura”. 

disertacia Sedgeba 165 …gverdisagan da, doqtoris 

akademiuri xarisxis mosapoveblad warmodgenili disertaciis 

gaformebis instruqciis mixedviT, moicavs satitulo gverds, 

xelmowerebis gverds, reziumes or enaze (qarTuli, inglisuri), 

Sinaarss, cxrilebis nusxas, sqemebis nusxas, grafikebis nusxas, 

suraTebis nusxasa da disertaciaSi gamoyenebuli abreviaturebis 

gverds. ZiriTadi teqsti Sedgeba Sesavlis, sami Tavis – 

literaturis mimoxilva, Sedegebi da maTi gansja, daskvnis, 

gamoyenebuli literaturis CamonaTvlisa da danarTisagan 

(calke tomad). 

SesavalSi ganxilulia Temis aqtualuroba, kvlevis miznebi da 

amocanebi, kvlevis obieqti da sagani, Teoriul-meTodologiuri 

safuZvlebi, kvlevis sazRvrebi, naSromis mecnieruli siaxle da 

misi praqtikuli mniSvneloba. dacvisTvis gamotanilia ZiriTadi 

debulebebi - rekomendaciebi, winadadebebi. 

28

I Tavi 

literaturis mimoxilva 

xevsureTis regionis Seswavla literaturuli wyaroebis mixedviT 

1.1. xevsureTis regionisTvis damaxasiaTebeli Taviseburebebi 

saqarTvelos maRalmTian xevsureTis regionSi amJamad 

arsebuli mdgomareobis (sacxovrebeli fondi, vizitorTa 

Semodineba) da sxva pirobebis (geografiuli monacemebi, bunebriv- 

klimaturi pirobebi, sazogadoebis socialur-struqturuli 

wyoba, socialur-ekonomikuri viTareba, istoriul-eTnografiuli 

da kulturuli memkvidreobis xasiaTi) ukeT gacnobis mizniT, 

Cven mier Seswavlil iqna TemasTan dakavSirebuli 

literaturuli wyaroebi, kerZod, qarTveli mkvlevarebis (l. 

sumbaZe, s. makalaTia, m. jandieri da g. leJava. g. Citaia, b. 

gamyreliZe, S. arabuli, m. milaSvili, iv. wiklauri, g. yifiani da 

sxvა) mier moZiebuli da damuSavebuli masala. 

Seswavlil iqna zogadad saqarTveloSi, detalurad ki 

maRalmTian xevsureTis regionSi, tradiciuli sacxovrisis 

tipebis Camoyalibebisa da ganviTarebis gzebi da winapirobebi, 

sivrciT-gegmarebiTi struqtura, tipologia, ganaSenianebis 

Tavisebureba da gavrcelebis arealebi. 

Seswavlil iqna is gamocdileba, romelic arsebobs 

saqarTvelos kurortebis, maT Soris mTian raionebSi, saojaxo 

saxl-sastumroebis ganaSenianebis sferoSi. 

Seswavlil iqna msgavsi problemebis gadaWris gzebis 

sazRvargareTuli gamocdileba. 

xevsureTis geografia, istoria, 

arqiteqtura 

“xevsurebi kavkasiis mTebSi 

cxovroben, samyaros sxvenze, sadac 

mze adre amoanaTebs, adamianebi ki 

gvian qrebian”.[1] 

29

“mTa iyo mowinave, miudgomeli cixe saxelmwifosi da am 

cixeSi iwvrTneboda saukeTeso vaJkacoba Zveli saqarTvelosi”. [2] 

istoriuli eqskursi 

cnobilia, rom XIX saukunemde maRalmTiani saqarTvelos 

Sesaxeb cnobebi Zalian 

mwiri iyo da ar 

arsebobda am raionebis 

werilobiTi aRweriloba. 

informacia Taobidan 

Taobaze mxolod 

zepirsityvieri gziT 

gadadioda. 

istoriulad cnobilia, rom Sua saukuneebSi baris 

mosaxleobis mTaSi asvla Zaladobrivi devniTa da arasasurveli 

reJimisgan Tavis daRwevis mizniT iyo ganpirobebuli. maT 

datoves cxovrebisa da meurneobisaTvis xelsayreli adgilebi 

da mkacri klimaturi pirobebis, mTiani reliefis mqone 

adgilebSi dasaxldnen, sadac sasargeblo miwis nakveTebis 

nakleboba iyo. maTi gansaxlebis adgilebi momwyvdeuli iyo 

xeobebis qvis tomrebSi – CrdiloeTis mxridan kavkasionis qedsa, 

samxreTidan ki mTis Ziris mtrulad ganwyobil mosaxleobas 

Soris.[3] 

bunebrivia, yvela am faqtorma gansakuTrebuli kuTxiT 

ganaviTara am raionis socialur-politikuri, ekonomikuri da 

kulturuli saxe. 

aq yovel gzaTsayarze cixe iyo agebuli. sasoflo 

dasaxlebebi, Tundac erTmaneTisgan moSorebuli, mWidro 

kavSirSi iyo da mterTan omis SemTxvevaSi saqarTvelos 

mefisTvis erT-erT mTavar Zalas warmoadgendა, mefis erT 

daZaxilze saomrad qudze kaci gamodioda. 

30

XIX saukunis Sua xanebamde xevsureTis ZiriTadi socialuri 

wyoba Temur-gvarovnuli iyo. [4] 

xevsureTSi xalxis Casaxlebis zusti dro ar aris cnobili, 

magram arsebobs mosazreba, rom es mxare axali welTaRricxvis 

pirvel saukuneebSi ukve dasaxlebuli iyo. 

fizikur-geografiuli mdebareoba 

TviTon saxeli “xevsureTi” warmoiSva sityva xevisagan. hava 

araerTgvarovania, Satilis raionSi mkacria, arxotSi ki – 

ramdenadme rbili. zamTris periodSi xevsureTSi uReltexilebi 

sruliad gauvali xdeba. saSualo wliuri temperatura +5°-ia. 

zamTari aq grZeli icis. [5] 

mxaris ZiriTadi hidrografiuli sistema md. arRunia, Tavisi 

SenakadebiT da xevsureTis aragvi aseve Tavisi SenakadebiT. [6] 

administraciul-strategiuli mdebareoba 

Tanamedrove administraciul-teritoriuli dayofiT xevsureTi 

mcxeTa-mTianeTis regionSi Sedis, romlis ZiriTad turistul 

centrebad mcxeTa, bazaleTi, Jinvali da yazbegi iTvleba. 

xevsureTs CrdiloeTiT CeCneTi da inguSeTi, aRmosavleTiT _ 

TuSeTi, dasavleTiT _ xevi da gudamayari, xolo samxreTiT _ 

fSavi esazRvreba. 

xevsureTis mTeli teritoria oTx Temadaa gayofili: 

barisaxos, gudanis, Satilisa da arxotis Temebi. xevsureTis 

raionuli centria sof. barisaxo, romelic xevsureTis aragvis 

xeobaSi mdebareobs. 

regionis mcenareuli safari mdidaria da misi Sedgeniloba 

reliefis niSnulis zrdasTan erTad icvleba. gvxvdeba 

foTlovani tye: muxa, verxvi, wifeli, muryani da sxv. Semdeg 

zolSi wiwvovani tyeebi, bolos alpuri da subalpuri 

mdeloebia. 

faunac mravalferovania. warmodgenilia msxvili da momcro 

zomis gareuli cxovelebi, frinvelebi, wylis binadrebi da 

qvewarmavlebi. 

31

unebrivi simdidreebidan moipoveba saSeni qva fiqali, agreTve 

Tixa _ agurisa da kramitisTvis. 

es mxare aseve mdidaria mineraluri da balneolgiuri 

wylebiT. 

axlandeli sameurneo viTareba 

rTuli bunebriv-klimaturi pirobebis gamo ganviTarebulia 

soflis meurneobis Semdegi dargebi: msxvilfexa mesaqonleoba, 

miwaTmoqmedeba, mebostneoba, mohyavT qeri da xorbali. zRvis 

donidan 2000_3000 metris zemoT mdebare teritoriebs mxolod 

saZovrebad iyeneben. xevsureTSi saTanado pirobebis ararsebobis 

gamo mrewveloba araa ganviTarebuli. 

demografiuli viTareba 

literaturuli wyaroebis Seswavlisas saintereso dokumentur 

masalas gavecaniT, romelic xevsureTis arcTu Soreul warsuls 

da iqauri mosaxleobis im droisTvis progresul e.w. 

”prodasavlur” politikur orientacias asaxavs. 

am movlenas dokumenturad adasturebs erTi saintereso faqti, 

kerZod, jer kidev gasuli saukunis 30_40-ian wlebSi (23/VI- 

36wels) mTeli xevsureTis saxeliT giga liqokelma da v. 

gorgilaSvilma werilobiT scades xma miewvdinaT 

okeanisgaRmeli amerikisaTvis. isini werilSi dawvrilebiT 

aRweren, Tu rogor aviwroebs xevsureTis mosaxleobas 

bolSevikuri mTavroba, rogor ukrZalavs qristianul rwmenas, 

aiZulebs koleqtivSi gaerTianebas da did gadasaxadebs uwesebs. 

werilSive aRniSnulia, rom aseT mdgomareobaSi Cavardnili 

xevsurebi damorCilebas ar apireben da daxmarebas did 

saxelmwifos _ amerikas sTxoven. 

32

nax. # xevsurebis mier miwerili werili amerikis mTavobisadmi. 

“Cveni xevsureTis xalxi Sewuxebul ars balSovikebiT. 

gvikrZalaven rjuls. undaT kolxozebis gakeTeba da bevris 

nalogebis gamorTmeva da modian xSirad, gveubnebian, magram Cven 

Tanaxma ara varT, manam srua davixocebiT mTeli xevsureTi 

Tanaxmad ar viqnebiT. marTalia iaraRi ki ara gvaqv, magram 

xmliTa da xanjriT unda viomoT, magra amerikas gTxovT didis 

TxovniT Zrielis saxelmwifo xarT da mogveSveleniT da 

daxmareba gagviwiveT Tore codo varT. imedi gvaqvs ro 

mogveSvelebiT Tu gviSveliT Tqven Tu ara Cveni meSveli aRara 

ari. aba Zmebo ukanasknels dReSi varT Cven”. 

mTeli xevsureTis warmomadgenlebi: giga liqokeli, v. 

gorgilaSvili, 23/VI-36w. 

es faqti imdenadaa saintereso, ramdenadac, savaraudod, 

sabWoTa reJimisadmi xevsureTis mosaxleobis politikuri 

daumorCilebloba, sxva garemoebebTan erTad, maTi mTidan ayris 

erT-erTi mizezi gaxda. vinaidan xevsurTa barSi Camosaxlebis 

procesi, romelic viTomda maTi sacxovrebeli pirobebis 

gaumjobesebas isaxavda miznad, zemoxsenebuli movlenebis Semdeg, 

Zalian swrafad ganviTarda. masiurad maTi Camosaxleba, meore 

msoflio omis Semdeg, 1950-ian wlebidan daiwyo, rasac Sedegad 

am maRalmTiani soflebis totaluri dacarieleba mohyva. 

33

eTnolog iv. wiklauris mier mowodebuli informaciiT, amJamad 

daclis winaSe dgas rogorc piraqeTi, aseve wyaliqiTa 

xevsureTis teritoriac. gaukacrielda xevsureTis erT-erTi 

didi sofeli qmosti, daicala soflebi: Rele, iRlia, osenaurTa, 

xornaulTa, kokenCavi, fafarena. erTaderTi martoxela, 

ucolSvilo kaci cxovrobs blos xeobaSi. erTi ojaxi SerCa 

Relisvakes, romelic zamTrobiT tovebs iqaurobas da, 

samomavlod, saerTodac barSi Camosvlaze fiqrobs. gasuli 

saukunis 80-ian wlebSi 16-ojaxiani sofeli roSka 7_8 ojaxamde 

Semcirda, xolo darCenili mosaxleobidan 3 ojaxi iqaurobas 

male datovebs. [7] 

SatilSi, rogorc sasazRvro zolSi, problema nawilobriv 

gadawyvetilia: aris samanqane mimosvla, eleqtroenergia, 

sayuradsaReboa, rom turistul saqmianobaSi CarTvam da 

mTavrobis yuradRebam arRunis xeobis demografiuli krizisi 

droebiT SeaCera. 

2009 wels Cven mier Catarebuli kvleviT gamovlinda, rom 

amJamad arxotis TemSi erTaderTi mosaxle darCa. 

daskvna. rogorc regionis demografiuli mdgomareobis 

Seswavlam gviCvena, xevsureTis mosaxleobisgan geometriuli 

progresiiT daclis tendencia, zemoxsenebuli politikuri 

kataklizmebis garda, Semdegma faqtorebma ganapiroba: 

saxelmwifos mier e.w. “cxovrebis pirobebis gaumjobesebis” 

motiviT ganxorcielebuli mTis mosaxleobis barSi iZulebiTi 

masiuri Camosaxlebis procesi; 

regionisadmi arasaTanado saxelmwifoebriv-politikuri 

midgoma; 

saTanado satransporto, sakomunikacio da sayofacxovrebo 

infrastruqturis ararseboba; 

darCenili mkvidri mosaxleobis mkveTri ekonomikuri CamorCena. 

am procesebs gardauval Sedegad regionis materialuri da 

istoriul-kulturuli memkvidroebis ganadgureba mohyva. 

34

1.2. xevsureTis regionis turistul-rekreaciuli resursebi da 

maTi gamoyenebis perspeqtivebi 

saqarTvelos turistuli meurneobis ganviTarebisTvis udidesi 

turistul-rekriaciuli resursi aqvs. 

dReisTvis saqarTveloSi, turizmis saxelmwifo departamentis 

monacemebiT, oficialurad 30 sakurorto zona da 103 kurortia. 

sakurorto-klimaturi raionebis vertikaluri daraionebiT 

gamoyofilia 4 sakurorto da 1 arasakurorto zona: 

1. dablobis sakurorto zona _ 0_500 m zR. donidan. 

2. dabalmTiani sakurorto zona – 500_1000 m zR. donidan; 

3. SuamTiani sakurorto zona –1000_1500 m zR. donidan; 

4. maRalmTiani sakurorto zona –1500_2000 m zR. donidan; 

5. alpinizmisa da saTxilamuro sportis arasakurorto zona – 

2000 m da meti zR. donidan. 

saqarTvelos teritoria afxazeTsa da samxreT oseTTan erTad 

daraionebulia 11 sakurorto-rekreaciul raionad. 

qveyanaSi Tavs iyris sruliad gansxvavebuli bunebis, 

klimaturi pirobebisa da kulturuli tradiciebis mqone 

regionebi. kerZod: 

mTiani regionebi (bakuriani, istoriul-eTnografiuli 

regionebi: yazbegi, xevsureTi, svaneTi) mkacri didTovliani 

zamTriT, Cqari mTis mdinareebiT da sacalfexo bilikebiT. samTo 

sportis ganviTarebisTvis perspeqtiuli zonaa. 

aseve rbili subtropikuli klimatis mqone sazRvao zoli. 

zomieri klimatisa da reliefis mqone zona; nayofieri miwebiT 

cnobili yurZnis da Rvinis mxareebi (kaxeTi da qarTli). 

Zveli egzotikuri, istoriul-eTnografiuli Rirebulebis 

mqone regionebi (dmanisi, varZia, svaneTi, fSav-xevsureTi da a.S.). 

egzotikuri nakrZalebi da daculi teritoriebi. 

mravali samkurnalo gamajansaRebeli, balneologiuri 

kurorti, sakurorto-rekreaciuli adgili da sxva. 

35

evria sxvadasxva saxis turistuli obieqti, romelic mTel 

saqarTveloSia gabneuli da zogierTi aqtiuri turistuli 

marSrutis SedgenilobaSi Sedis. 

amJamad, ucxoeli turistebi saqarTveloSi xanmokle vizitisas, 

iseve, rogorc adgilobrivebi, warmatebulad iyeneben qveynis 

turistul resurss. kerZod, garkveul safasurad gadian 

piknikebze, saTevzaod, sanadirod, monawileoben eqstremaluri 

sportis saxeobebSi: navebiT “rafting”-Si, jomardobas mTis 

mdinareebSi, mogzauroben cxenebiT. didia moTxovna jip-turebze 

da a.S. garda imisa, rom am procesebs Sesabamisi ekonomikuri 

efeqti axlavs, es yvelaferi calsaxad xels uwyobs turistTa 

mier qveynis kulturis, istoriis, eTnosis, adaTebis, sulieri Tu 

religiuri faseulobebis gacnobas. D 

dReisTvis saqarTveloSi rogorc ekonomikuri, aseve Sesabamisi 

infrastruqturis formirebis TvalsazrisiT, turizmis sfero, 

swrafad, magram jerjerobiT qaosurad viTardeba. rogorc 

statistikuri monacemebi gviCvenebs, turistTa da, zogadad, 

rekreantTa ricxvma qveyanaSi, didi pauzis Semdeg, uaxles 

istoriaSi ganviTarebuli movlenebis gamo, bolo aTwleulSi 

sagrZnoblad moimata, igulisxmeba ucxoeli da adgilobrivi 

kontingenti. magaliTad, arasamTavrobo organizaciis 

monacemebiT, 2009_2010 wlebis turistuli statistikis mixedviT 

sul svaneTSi Semosulia 13000 turisti, 2008 wlamde Semosul 

turistTa raodenobasTan SedarebiT 105%-iT mateba. 

yvela zemoCamoTvlili faqtoridan gamomdinare, saqarTveloSi 

samomavlod turizmis ganviTareba moiazreba, rogorc saxalxo 

meurneobis erT-erTi perspeqtiuli dargi. 

cnobilia, rom nebismier ganviTarebul qveyanaSic ki mTiani 

regionebi ekonomikuri da nawilobriv kulturuli 

ganviTarebiTac CamorCeba qveynis centralur regionebs. 

Sesabamisad, mTis raionebis ganviTareba da ekonomikis 

aqtivizacia ar SeiZleba ganvixiloT, rogorc mxolod 

Sigaregionaluri, lokaluri problema. am sakiTxis 

36

warmatebulad gadaWris erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi gza 

racionaluri, gaazrebuli da esTetikurad momxibvleli, yofaze 

kargad morgebuli sacxovrebeli garemos formirebaa. 

aqve aRsaniSnavia is faqti, rom amJamad saqarTvelos 

kurortebze (xevsureTSi jerjerobiT es tendencia ar SeiniSneba) 

aRmSeneblobis kuTxiT dReisaTvis garkveuli mimarTulebebi 

gamoikveTa, kerZod: 

intensiurad mimdinareobs saojaxo tipis sastumroebis swrafi, 

daugegmavi da qaosuri mSenebloba; 

mSenebloba yovelgvar kurortebis perspeqtiul ganviTarebasa 

Tu ekonomikur gaTvlebsaa moklebuli; 

e.w. “sastumroebisa” da ”dasasvenebeli saxlebis” mSeneblobas 

finansuri SesaZleblobis mqone yvela msurveli awarmoebs; 

mSenebloba ar efuZneba araviTar qalaqgegmarebiT, profesiul, 

arqiteqturul-esTetikur gadawyvetebs. 

aseTi formiT warmoebuli mSeneblobebi saxes ucvlis da 

amaxinjebs mTeli regionis sakurorto-rekreaciul garemos, 

ukargavs TviTmyofadobas da bunebriv silamazes. 


turistul-sarekreacio resursebis mqone regionebs Soris 

perspeqtiulad da sainteresod maRalmTiani xevsureTis regioni 

miviCnieT. 

regionis ganviTarebis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani resursi misi 

mravalferovani da metad saintereso, turistul-rekreaciuli 

potencialia. aRsaniSnavia, regionis mdidari arqiteqturuli da 

bunebrivi Zeglebi. SesaZlebelia dakvirvebis warmoeba 

cxovelebsa da frinvelebze. 

xevsuruli tradiciebi da yofiTi wes-Cveulebebi, xalxuri 

rewva da folklori e.w. ”sasoflo turizmis” ganviTarebis karg 

saSualebas iZleva. 

miuxedavad didi potencialisa, dReisaTvis xevsureTis (iseve 

rogorc saqarTvelos mTeli maRalmTianeTis) erT-erTi mTavari 

problema eTnografiulad da arqiteqturulad mniSvnelovani 

37

dasaxlebebi (amJamad ukve Zeglebs warmoadgens) da mosaxleobis 

migrirebis sakiTxia; 

am process Semdegi mizezebi da garemoebebi ganapirobebs: 

- aucilebeli infrastruqturis ararseboba; 

- yofiTi cxovrebis normaluri pirobebis ararseboba; 

- satransporto da sakomunikacio sistemebis ararseboba; 

- mosaxleobis dausaqmebloba da sxva. 

Sedegad mTiani soflebi nel-nela udaburdeba. upatronod 

darCenili Zveli nagebobebi ziandeba, xolo funqcia da patron- 

dakargul SenobebSi cocxali sulic kvdeba. 

meore mxriv, regionis miuvali mdebareoba da miudgomloba 

erT-erTi faqtoria imisa, rom saqarTvelos maRalmTian cixe- 

sofelTa Soris, piriqiTa xevsureTis kompleqsebma Cvenamde, 

gadakeTebis gareSe, TiTqmis Tavdapirveli saxiT moaRwia. 

daskvna. zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom 

xevsureTis regions didi turistul-rekreaciuli resursi 

gaaCnia, romelic turizmis sxvadaxsva saxeobis ganviTarebis 

SesaZleblobas iZleva. mniSvnelovania, rom am resursebis 

racionalurad gamoyeneba moxdes arsebuli ekosistemis da 

landSaftis dauzianeblad. 

regionis samomavlo ganviTarebis gzebis ZiebasTan erTad 

mniSvnelovania, rom xevsureTis turistul-rekreaciuli da 

sasoflo-sameurneo resursebis racionaluri aTviseba 

ganxorcieldes ”alpuri konvenciis” erTerTi ZiriTadi 

moTxovnis dacviT, rac iTvaliswinebs, rom “turizmis 

ganviTarebam safrTxe ar unda Seuqmnas mTiani regionebis 

kulturuli memkvidreobis, agreTve adgilobriv mosaxleobaSi 

gavrcelebuli, tradiciuli xalxuri rewvis dargebis 

SenarCunebas. konfliqti, mTebis dacvis aucileblobasa da samTo 

turizms Soris, unda gadawydes garemos dacvis normebis 

farglebSi”. 

rTuli da Seuqcevia procesi, romelsac progresi iwvevs esaa, 

erTi mxriv, yoveldRiuri yofidan tradiciuli elementebis 

38

dakargva da gare agresiul samyarosTan Serwyma, rac bunebrivad 

xdeba. meore mxriv, aRsaniSnavia, rom kargad ganviTarebuli da 

kulturuli erebis maRali kulturis gamoxatuleba 

nacionaluri arqiteqturis tradiciebisa da adaT-wesebis 

SenarCunebaSi mdgomareobs. 

amisTvis aucilebelia regionSi arsebuli resursebis 

gonivrulad gamoyeneba da marTva, rom saqarTvelom ar dakargos 

unikaluri kulturis mqone, avTentikuri kuTxe. aucilebelia 

sxvadasxva dargis specialistis (sociologebis, urbanistebis, 

demografebis, ekonomistebis da sxva.) erToblivi, SeTanxmebuli, 

kvalificirebuli kvlevebis Sedegebze damyarebuli kargad 

dagegmili Careva, maT Soris imisTvis, raTa ar moxdes rogorc 

bunebriv, aseve kulturul garemoze aranormirebuli datvirTva 

da turistulad mimzidveli es regioni, mxolod 

turoperatorebis xelSi ar darCes, udidesi wvlili miuZRviT 

arqiteqtorebs. 

aqve SeiZleba iTqvas, rom swored msgavsi problemis winaSe 

dgas saqarTvelos erT-erTi maRalmTiani svaneTis regioni: 

“gasagebia miswrafeba svaneTis aRorZinebisa, magram mcire 

uzustobas, Tundac erT aramasStabur, arakonteqstur nagebobas 

SeuZlia mTeli es unikaluri Zveli araraobad aqcios. 

rogori unda iyos svaneTis ganviTarebis strategia? unda iyos 

samTo saTxilamuro turizmze orientirebuli Tu istoriul- 

eTnografiulze, tradiciebisa da yofis TaviseburebaTa 

“eqspoziciaze”, maCubebis sastumroebad gadakeTebaze? 

XX saukunis dasawyisSi svaneTSi 400-mde koSki iyo maCubebiT 

da sameurneo nagebobebiT, romlebic unikalur mTlianobas, did 

arqiteqturul speqtakls qmnidnen. iqneb am speqtaklis aRdgena- 

ganaxleba-retrospeqtiva aris erTaderTi swori gza, romelic 

samyaros daanaxebs da Seunaxavs kidec am gansacvifrebel 

materialur kulturas, unikalur Zegls? amasTan, is gaxdeba am 

ulamazesi kuTxis ekonomikis aRorZinebis piroba. 

39

30 wlis ganmavlobaSi, 1958 wlisTvis, koSkebis raodenoba 

180_200-mde Semcirda. es iyo svaneTis unikalur arqiteqturaze 

pirveli ieriSis savalalo Sedegi. ar minda davijero, rom 

svaneTis axlandeli ekonomikuri “aRorZineba” sabolood mospobs 

did qarTul(svanur) erovnul saganZurs da es iqneba “ngreva 

Senebis saxeliT” [9] 

daskvna. qveyanaSi turistuli industriis ganviTarebasTan 

erTad, mniSvnelovani da aucilebeli piroba regionebis 

ekologiuri wonasworobis, maTi TviTmyofadobisa da garemo 

landSaftze datvirTvis regulirebis sakiTxis yovelmxrivi 

uzrunvelyofaa, rac SesaZlebelia kvalificiuri specialistebis 

erToblivi, SeTanxmebuli, kvlevebsa da analizze damyarebuli 

moqmedebiT. 

xevsureTis regionisadmi dRevandeli saxelmwifoebrivi midgoma 

(sakanonmdeblo poziciebis ganxilva-analizi) 

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom amJamad saxelmwifoSi moqmedi 

normatiuli Tu sakanonmdeblo masalebis gacnoba-Seswavlam 

gviCvena, rom dRes saqarTvelos maRalmTiani regionebisadmi 

qveynis saxelmwifoebrivi politika radikalurad Seicvala, rac 

dagegmil da gasatarebel RonisZiebebSi aisaxeba, kerZod, 

konstituciis 31-e muxlis mixedviT, saxelmwifo zrunavs qveynis 

mTeli teritoriis, gansakuTrebiT ki saqarTvelos regionebis 

Tanabari socialur-ekonomikuri ganviTarebisaTvis. maRalmTiani 

regionebis socialur-ekonomikuri progresis uzrunvelsayofad 

K”kanoni maRalmTiani regionebis socialur-kulturuli 

ganviTarebis Sesaxeb” rig SeRavaTebs adgens. 

saqarTveloSi konstituciisa da ”alpuri konvenciis“ 

saerTaSoriso wesdebis Sesabamisad, moqmedebaSiaKkanoni 

maRalmTiani regionebis socialur-kulturuli ganviTarebis 

Sesaxeb (saqarTv. konstit. da alpuri konvencia), romlis mizania: 

40

muxli 1 

1. maRalmTiani regionebis socialur-ekonomikuri ganviTarebis 

uzrunvelyofa; 

2. maRalmTiani regionebis mdgradi ganviTarebis politikis 

gatareba, Tanamedrove moTxovnebisa da momavali Taobebis 

interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT; 

3. maRalmTian regionebSi sameurneo da socialur-kulturuli 

aqtivobis gaZliereba; 

4. sxvadasxva wyarodan (maT Soris, evrokavSiris fondebidan) 

investiciebis mozidva; 

5. erovnebaTaSorisi TanamSromlobis ganviTareba maRalmTiani 

regionebis sasazRvro zonebis problemebis mogvarebis mizniT; 

6. gzebis mSeneblobis mowesrigeba. 

muxli 2. maRalmTiani regionebis socialur-ekonomikuri da 

kulturuli ganviTarebis safuZveli meurneobis Semdegi saxeebia: 

turizmi, sakurorto da rekreaciuli meurneoba. 

muxli 3. maRalmTiani regionebis socialur-ekonomikuri da 

kulturuli ganviTarebis mizniT saqarTvelos xelisuflebam 

SeimuSava SeRavaTiani sakredito-sainvesticio RonisZiebebis 

saxelmwifo programa, romlis parametrebi yovelwliurad 

aisaxeba saxelmwifo biujetSi. 

muxli 5 (a). am kanonis moqmedeba vrceldeba mTlianad mxolod 

mTiuleTsa da gudamayris xeobaze, fSav-xevsureTsa da TuSeTze, 

romlebic demografiuli reabilitaciis mwvave zonebad iTvleba. 

dReisTvis qveyanaSi dagegmilia da nawilobriv wamowyebuli 

sxvadasxva RonisZiebebi, maT Soris saxelmwifo biujetis 

asignebebi. 

muxli 16 

1. saqarTvelos parlamenti da masTan arsebuli organizaciebi 

afinanseben duSeTis municipalitets, kerZod soflis 

programas, konkretulad ki: 

2. finansdeba gzebi barisaxomde (Tanxa 38399.58 l Seadgens) 

3. aseve, gza Satilamde (Tanxa 9818.459 l Seadgens) 

41

4. dainiSna avtobusi Tbilisi-Satili-Tbilisi. 

SemuSavebulia “kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis saxelmwifo 

miznobrivi programa” (alpuri konvenciis saerTo wesdeba): 

1. programis mizania kulturuli memkvidreobis unikalur 

nimuSTa gadarCena, maTi restavraciis, konservaciisa da 

reabilitaciis uzrunvelyofa; 

2. regionaluri muzeumebis reabilitacia, saqarTvelos 

kulturuli memkvidreobis popularizacia da a.S 

programaSi sxva maRalmTian regionebTan erTad Sesulia 

xevsureTis regionic (kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis 

saxelmwifo miznobrivi programa). 

unda aRiniSnos, rom dRes mcxeTa-mTianeTis raionis umetes 

teritoriaze gayvanilia gzebi, met-naklebad ganviTarebulia 

infrastruqtura, Tumca xevsureTSi es tendencia jerjerobiT 

naklebad SeiniSneba. 

sainteresoa saqarTvelos marTlmadidebluri eklesiis, 

kerZod sapatriarqos mier regionebis funqciis aRdgenisa da 

ganviTarebis uzrunvelsayofad gamoCenili iniciativa 

“axali…soflebi”, romelic TiToeul maRalmTian sofelSi 

winswar dagegmil 200 heqtarze 50 axalgazrda ojaxis dasaxleba- 

damagrebas iTvaliswinebs. sapatriarqos materialuri 

xelSewyobiT maTTvis dagegmilia saxlebis mSenebloba da 

axalgazrda ojaxebis adgilze adaptaciis procesis xelSewyoba. 

Cveni kvlevisTvis sainteresod miviCnieT, gavcnobodiT teqnikis 

mecnierebaTa kandidatis manana moiswrafiSvilis naSroms, 

romelic eZRvneba ”mTian pirobebSi rkinigzebis da xelovnuri 

nagebobebis, viwroliandiani rkinigzebis daproeqteba da 

saqarTvelos pirobebisTvis misi normatiul-teqnikuri bazis 

Seqmnas”. mniSvnelovania, rom am etapze m. moiswrafiSvilis mier 

damuSavebulia proeqti _ saqarTvelos masStabiT viwroliandiani 

(1067 mm siganis, kukuSkis tipis, mxolod bevrad modernizebuli) 

sarkinigzo qselis mosawyobad. sayuradReboa, maRalmTiani 

regionebisaTvis es saxeoba metad rentabelurad da 

42

perspeqtiuladaa miCneuli, amitom pirveli rigis amocanad 

swored misi mTian regionebSi ganxorcielebaa miCneuli. 

proeqtis damuSavebisas gaTvaliswinebul iqna saqarTvelos 

regionaluri Taviseburebebani da SemuSavda rkinigzis qselis 

sruli da momgebiani marSrutebi Tbilisidan mTeli saqarTvelos 

masStabiT, radialuri mimarTulebiT, ganapira sadgurebi ki 

igegmeba erTmaneTTan uSualo kavSiriT. 

praqtikulad, ramdenime regionis muSa-proeqti ukve mzad aris. 

xevsureTis regioni am siaSi jerjerobiT ar aris, radgan 

regioni ar aris miCneuli stratgiul zonad. magram aris 

mosazreba, Tu regionSi aRorZinebis ufro aqtiuri da sasikeTo 

Zvrebi gamomJRavnedba, es, Tavis mxriv, momavalSi aq 

viwroliandiani rkinigzis ganxorcielebis impulsad iqceva. ris 

safuZvelsac Cven mier SeTavazebuli winadadebis _ regionSi 

ojaxuri tipis saxl-sastumroebis warmatebulad ganxorcieleba 

iZleva. 

daskvna. zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom 

sadReisod maRalmTiani regionebisadmi saxelmwifoebrivi 

midgoma radikalurad da sasikeTod aris Secvlili, rac udavod 

realuri perspeqtivaa maTi ganviTarebisTvis. 

sakiTxis Seswavlis Sedegebma aseve gviCvena, rom saxelmwifos 

mxridan amgvari nabijebi warmatebul Sedegs iZleva, rac imaSi 

gamoixateba, rom xevsureTis regionSi (mag., Satili, gudani da 

sxva) mosaxleobis jerjerobiT mcire raodenobiT, magram mainc 

dabrunebis precendents qmnis. Tumca unda aRiniSnos, rom 

xevsureTis darCenil teritoriebze dReisTvis SesamCnevi Zvrebi 

ar SeiniSneba. 

1.3. sakurorto Zveli dasaxlebebis revitalizaciis 

saerTaSoriso praqtika 

kvlevisTvis mniSvnelovania turistulad aqtiuri, warmatebuli 

qveynebis gamocdilebis gacnoba im TvalsazrisiT, Tu rogor 

ganaviTares adgilobrivi turistuli resursi, rogor 

SeinarCunes Zvel istoriul-eTnografiulad saintereso 

43

dasaxlebebSi TviTmyofadi garemo; moarges Zveli ganaSenianeba 

Tanamedrove moTxovnebs da mianiWes axali funqcia; rogor 

iyeneben landSaftis, ekosistemis da TviTmyofadi arqiteqturisa 

da, rac mTavaria, soflis garemos dauzianeblad, CarTes 

turistul meurneobaSi. 

amJamad msoflioSi stumarTmoyvareobis industria umZlavres 

sistemas qmnis. turizmis ganTavseba erT-erTi umTavresi 

elementia. gansaTavsebeli obieqtebia: otelebi, sastumroebi, 

motelebi, axalgazrduli hostelebi Tu saerTo sacxovreblebi, 

agreTve apartamentebi, turistuli priutebi da kerZo seqtori _ 

saojaxo sastumroebis saxiT. turistebis ganTavsebis adgilad 

moiazreba nebismieri obieqti, romelic turists epizodur an 

regularul Ramis gasaTev adgils sTavazobs. 

arsebobs turistTa ganTavsebis koleqtiuri da individualuri 

formebi da maTTvis sxvadasxva obieqti gamoiyeneba, kerZod: 

I. turistTa koleqtiuri ganTavsebisTvis gamoiyeneba binis tipis 

sastumroebi, saxl-sastumroebisa da bungaloebis jgufisgan 

Semdgari kompleqsebi. am obieqtebs erTiani marTvis sistema 

aqvs da arendiT garkveul safasurad gaicema. 

II. turistTa individualuri ganTavsebisaTvis gamoiyeneba 

sacxovrebeli saxlebi, romlebic adaptirebulia vizitorTa 

miRebasa da dasvenebisaTvis. am jgufSi Sedis kotejebi da 

individualuri mciresarTuliani saxlebi, xolo mravalbinian 

saxlebSi _ binebi. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom dReisTvis farTo propaganda eweva 

adamianebis janmrTelobaze ekologurad sufTa garemos dadebiT 

gavlenas, rac soflis turizmis ganviTarebis ZiriTadi motivia. 

magaliTad, aSS-Si Zalian popularulia iseTi saxis dasveneba, 

rogoricaa “Svebuleba sofelSi”, rodesac urbanuli qalaqis 

mcxovrebi ojaxebi dasasveneblad da gantvirTvisTvis soflad 

Cadian. turistul regionebSi aseve gavrcelebulia e.w.“Svebuleba 

kotejSi” an “saxli sofelSi”, romelic SesaZlebelia Zveli, 

tradiciuli saxlic iyos. am SemTxvevaSi, stumarma maspinZlis 

44

gareSec SeiZleba isargeblos saxliT an misi garkveuli 

nawiliT. dasvenebis es forma moxerxebulia da iafi ujdeba 

momxmarebels. [10] 

evropis qveynebis (mag., germaniaSi, SveicariaSi, avstriaSi da 

sxv.) sofluri tipis dasaxlebebSi ganTavsebul turistuli 

bazebis qsels axorcielebs e.w. “faqizi” (CvenTvis msgavsi 

terminia ”eko”) turizmis saxiT. esaa erT-erTi gza, raTa glexma 

SeinarCunos Tavisi sameurneo funqciebi da mxolod turizmze 

morgebul momsaxure personalad ar iqces. [11] 

turistuli infrastruqturis ganviTarebis sakiTxs eZRvneboda 

1992 wels gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis konferencia 

Temaze “garemo da ganviTareba” (UNCED), (rios planetis samiti _ 

The Rio Erth Summit). [12] 

am problemebis kvlevas mieZRvna 09.2006_06.2008 ww. 

ganxorcielebuli kidev erTi proeqti, romelic subsidirebuli 

iyo TRNC (Crd. kviprosi, TurqeTis resp.) (MEKB-06-12) ganaTlebis 

saministros mier. 

proeqti miznad isaxavda racionaluri, sabazo principebisa da 

gegmis SemuSavebas kunZul kviprosze sofel dif karpaz-is 

dasaxlebis revitalizaciisa da misi faqizi transformaciisTvis. 

pirvel etapze proeqti iTvaliswinebda dasaxlebis rogorc 

fizikur, aseve ekonomikur da socialur mxardaWeras. amisTvis 

Catarda naturaluri kvlevebi, rac moicavda arqiteqturul da 

funqciur analizs (arsebuli ganaSenianebis, miwis-landSaftis 

siluetis, auTvisebeli teritoriebis, quCebis da maTi siluetis, 

mTlianad dasaxlebis siluetis da a.S.), socialur analizs, 

dafuZnebuls teritoriis demografiul maxasiaTeblebze, 

socialur-ekonomikur, ganaTlebisa da kulturis donis 

maCveneblebze. 

meore etapze mogrovili Sedegebis Teoriul-dokumenturi 

masalisa da sxva monacemebis analizis safuZvelze SemuSavda 

konceptualuri xedva, mTavari strategia da scenari. 

Camoyalibda ZiriTadi miznebi da amocanebi. 

45

naSromis Sedegi iyo soflis tipis am dasaxlebis potencialis 

racionalurad gamoyenebisa da eko-turizmis ganviTarebisTvis 

ZiriTadi sicocxlisunariani struqturis Seqmna, rac sabolood 

pozitiur wvlils Seitanda am istoriul-eTnografiuli, 

kulturuli maxasiaTeblebiT gamoxatuli dasaxlebis 

revitalizaciisa da ekologiuri mdgradobis gaumjobesebaSi. 

zemoT aRniSnuli kvleva sainteresoa im mosazrebidan 

gamomdinare, rom, msgavsi problemebis gadaWrisas, is SeiZleba 

gamoyenebul iqnes, rogorc meTodologiuri saxelmZRvanelo. 

(sofeli dif karpaz-is revitalizacia: tradiciuli sofluri 

dasaxleba CrdiloeT kviprosze. avt. hoskara, sebnem onali; 

doratli, nasie; kan akbili, esra; gulei, kamili; orkunoglu, 

halide/ aRmosavleT xmelTaSua zRvis universiteti – (TRNC - 

Internacional IAPS-CSBE & HOUSEING Network 2009). 

ZvelisaTvis axali funqciis, axali sicocxlis dabadebis – e.w. 

revitalizaciis magaliTebi kidev mravladaa msoflio turizmis 

infrastruqturis ganviTarebis praqtikaSi. 

amis naTeli magaliTia TurqeTSi mdebare, istoriul- 

arqiteqturulad TviTmyofadi regioni kabadokia, sadac bunebisa 

da adamianis mier Seqmnilia sacxovrebeli gamoqvabulebi. xeTebis 

periodidan dawyebuli, saukuneebis manZilze ikveTeboda 

mravalbiniani sacxovrebeli saxlebi. es tradicia, 

moxerxebulobis, silamazisa da TviTmyofadobis gamo, 

adgilobrivi macxovreblebis mier dRemdea SenarCunebuli. [13] 

gioremes Turquli mosaxleoba dResac ar aSenebs saxlebs 

axal teritoriebze. isini TavianTi sacxovreblebis arsebul, 

bunebriv, kldovan warmonaqmnebze akeTeben miSenebas, ZvelisZveli, 

tradiciuli meTodiT. amave meTodiT dResac iqmneba 

komfortulad mowyobili keliebis tipis sastumroebi 

turistebisaTvis. [14] 

ojaxuri sastumros funqciis mqone mciresarTuliani 

sacxovrebeli saxlebiT kurortebis ganaSenianebis farTo 

46

praqtika arsebobs italiasa da bulgareTSi, zRvispira da 

rTuli reliefis mqone maRalmTian (alpebis) kurorteze. 

sainteresoa istoriul-arqiteqturul Zeglad qceuli 

italiuri qalaq materas magaliTi, sadac qalaqis Zveli 

mciresarTuliani ganaSenianebis nawili daculi teritoriaa. 

amasTan, sacxovrebeli saxlebis umetesi nawili sastumroebadaa 

adaptirebuli. 

bulgareTis mTaze terasulad gaSenebul istoriul qalaq 

veliko-tirnovos Zvel sacxovrebel saxlebs turistebis 

gansaTavseblad iyeneben. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom orive qalaqSi, Tanamedrove arqiteqturuli 

normisa da moTxovnis gaTvaliswinebiT, harmoniulad viTardeba 

qalaqis Tanamedrove nawilebic. [15] 

ruseTis federaciaSi e.w. “ojaxuri” sastumroebi xSiri araa 

(uZravi saagentos DokI monacemebiT, sul 100-mdea), [16] magram 

iTvleba, rom es sfero Zalian perspeqtiulia da swrafi tempiT 

ikidebs fexs. regionebSi saojaxo sastumroebi umTavresad 

rusul nacionalur stilSia gadawyvetili da ulamazes 

adgilebSia ganTavsebuli. aq kargadaa organizebuli eqskursiebi 

da kulturuli programebi. es centrebi popularulia rogorc 

russ, aseve ucxoel turistebs Soris da regionaluri mTavroba 

yvelanairad mxars uWers aseTi saxis saqmianobas. 

Zveli istoriuli garemos SenarCunebis TvalsaCino magaliTia 

ruseTis federaciis mazenskis raionSi mdebare eTnografiuli 

sofeli kimJa. is im mcirericxovan dasaxlebaTa ricxvs 

ganekuTvneba, romelmac SeinarCuna zRvispira (поморье) 

dasaxlebebis tradiciuli ieri da civilizaciisgan 

xelSeuxebeli landSafti. [17] 

sofeli imis warmodgenis saSualebas iZleva, rogor 

cxovrobdnen maTi winaprebi bunebriv garemoSi 100 an 200 wlis 

win. 

kimJas mcxovreblebma TavianTi soflis unikalurobis 

SesanarCuneblad 2004 wels Seqmnes specialuri teritoriuli 

47

sazogado TviTmmarTvelobis organo (отс) “kimJa,” romlis 

ZiriTadi saqmianoba soflis kulturuli memkvidreobis 

SenarCuneba, stumris miReba da am saxis turizmis ganviTarebaa. 

TviT sofelSi faseulia ara marto arqiteqturis Zeglebi (maT 

Soris Zveli odigitriis eklesia, aRTqmis jvrebi, sacxovrebeli 

saxlebi, sameurneo nagebobebi), aramed soflis kulturuli 

landSaftic, romelic gzebis, bostnebis, Robe-yoris, 

moSiSvlebuli adgilebis, mdeloebis erTobliobaa da romelic 

eris formirebis istoriasTanaa kavSirSi. 

Sesabamisi drouli RonisZiebebiT s. kimJas mosaxleobam daicva, 

SeinarCuna sofeli da gaiCina damatebiTi Semosavlis wyaro. aq 

tardeba forumi “memkvidreobis adgili regionis mdgradi 

ganviTarebisas.” [18] 

adgilobrivi tradiciuli sacxovrebeli garemos, misi 

unikaluri arqiteqturis gadarCenis, SenarCunebisa da turistul 

infrastruqturaSi CarTvis erT-erTi warmatebuli mcdelobaa 

qvemo saqsoniis sofeli vendlandi, romelic Crdilo germanuli, 

saukunovani, tradiciuli wriuli struqturis mqone, soflis 

tipis dasaxlebis tipuri nimuSia. aq Catarda soflis teritoriis 

restavracia, gakeTda muzeumi da moewyo ojaxuri da mcire 

zomis municipaluri sastumroebi. regionis mesveurebi cdiloben 

miizidon turistebi. gamoikveTa is tendenciac, rom axalgazrda 

mcxovreblebi mainc ar Cerdebian sofelSi da qalaqebisken 

miiweven. am movlenis gamomwvevi mizezebi calke Seswavlis 

sagania. nax. 

ganvixiloT soflis restavraciis arcTu warmatebul 

magaliTi, kerZod germaniis yofili kancleris helmut kolis 

mSobliur sofel liudvigsxafenis aRdgena. sagulisxmoa, rom 

Tavis droze kancleris iniciativiTa da didi dafinansebiT aq 

Catarda sarestavracio samuSaoebi e.w. „ganaxleba”. soflis yvela 

saxli gadaiReba ferad-feradi, xalisiani feris saRebavebiT. 

erTmaneTTan axlomdgomi saxlebis Siga wiboebs mRebavebi ver 

miudgnen da isini Seuferadebeli darCa. SemdgomSi 

48

arqiteqtorebma aRmoaCines, rom Tavis droze es saxlebi 

SeRebili yofila ruxi feris, sxvadasxva araCveulebrivi 

tonalobis bunebrivi pigmentebiT, rac dasaxlebas individualur, 

tradiciul da saocrad esTetikur iers aZlevda. 

mTavrobis iniciativiT ki, am erTi SexedviT dadebiTi impulsis 

matarebeli, magram winaswar kvlevebs moklebuli uxeSi CareviT, 

dasaxlebam banaluri, evropuli dasaxlebis ieri miiRo. 

es magaliTi metyvelebs imaze, rom, rogorc wesi, winaswar 

kvlevebs moklebuli, araswori mimarTulebiT ganxorcielebul 

aRdgena-ganaxlebas, kidev ufro didi zianis miyeneba SeuZlia. 

literaturuli masalis gacnobam agreTve gviCvena, rom 

sazRvargareTis qveynebis sakurorto qalaqebisa da dasaxlebebis 

mciresarTuliani saxlebis arqiteqturuli dagegmarebisa da 

ganaSenianebisas ar gamoiyeneba tipuri proeqtebi. konkretul 

raionebSi mSeneblobisTvis arqiteqturuli tradiciebis 

safuZvelze SemuSavda adgilobrivi landSaftis, reliefisa da 

bunebriv-klimaturi pirobebis Sesabamisi da individualuri 

proeqtebis variantebi. es ki dasaxlebebs TviTmyofad da 

ganumeorebel arqiteqturul iers unarCunebs. 

sainteresoa am sferoSi momuSave cnobili ingliseli 

arqiteqtor braian parkis gamocdileba. 

“ukve Jargonad iqca kulturuli turizmisa da ganaSenianebis 

aRdgenis sferoSi „aSene qveyana anu aSene kultura“; „yvela 

aRdgena kulturulia an ver Sedgeba“ _ magram aRdgena ver 

moxdeba CalabulaSi, rac ar unda kulturuli iyos igi”. [19] 

utyuaroba gvesaWiroeba, rodesac vmuSaobT qalaqis an Zveli 

dasaxlebis narativTan, rodesac vcdilobT CavwvdeT warsuls, 

raTa davrwmundeT, rom samomavlo SeTavazebebi warsulzea 

dafuZnebuli da momavalsac miesadageba. Sotlandiuri “merCanT 

siTis” („vaWarTa qalaqi“) istoriuli Senobebis asprocentiani 

aRdgena da konservacia ar gaxldaT amocanis gadaWra. ragan is, 

rac gakeTda sakonservacio samuSaoebis, Zveli Senobebis axali 

49

daniSnulebisTvis misadagebisa da axali Senobebis nazavi iyo. 

[20] 

is, rac merCanT siTSi gakeTda, metwilad konservacia gaxlavT. 

quCebsa da sazogadoebriv sivrceebSi seriozuli investiciebi 

Caido da mTel ubans erTgvari erTianoba mianiWa, rac 

mravalgvari sxvadasxva daniSnulebis dawesebulebis erTmaneTis 

gverdiT ganlagebiT ganxorcielda. (braian parki) 

avtoris azriT, regionis Zveli dasaxlebebis momavali 

konservaciam unda gansazRvros, magram ara yvelafris 

SenarCunebis, SekeTebis da Senaxvis gziT. unda SeirCes: 

ra aris saukeTeso maT Soris, rac gagvaCnia; 

kidev risi daTmoba SegviZlia; 

sad devs SesaZleblobebi imisa, rom dainergos saTanado axali 

xasiaTi, masStabi da xarisxi? 

ganisazRvros ramdenad SesaZlebelia eTnografiuli, Zveli 

regionis Sereuli saxiT moxmareba? 

konservaciisaTvis konservaciis gegma gamoiyeneba, magram, 

mTavaria Senobis Sesabamisi mniSvnelobis Sefaseba (Assessments of 

Relevant Significance), rac, erTi mxriv, gamoarCevs mis yvelaze 

mniSvnelovan elementebs, riTac gaamarTlebs maTi konservaciisa 

da xelaxali gamoyenebis investirebas; meore mxriv, gamoarCevs 

naklebad mniSvnelovan da umniSvnelo Senobebsa da sivrceebs, 

romelTa Secvla SesaZloa mTeli arealisTvis ufro momgebiani 

aRmoCndes. 

“merCanT siTiSi~ qalaqis ieris memkvidreobis aRdgenis 

iniciativis ZiriTadi miznebi iyo: 

sajaro da kerZo investiciebisaTvis CamonaTvlis momzadeba 

momavali investirebis wasaxaliseblad; 

proeqtis moqmedebis arealSi sajaro kontrolis qveS myofi 

umniSvnelovanesi ubnebis swrafi aRdgenis xelSewyoba; 

arealSi kerZo kontrolis qveS myofi ubnebis ganviTarebis 

xelSewyoba da gaumjobeseba; 

50

arealSi axal saqmianobaTa wamowyebis xelSewyoba, xolo 

kulturuli, turistuli da SemoqmedebiTi industriis dargSi 

_ arsebuli saqmianobebis gafarToeba; 

Senobis zeda sarTulebze carieli da mitovebuli uzarmazari 

farTobis sacxovreblad an biznessaWiroebisTvis xelaxla 

gamoyenebis stimulireba; 

arealis xasiaTisa da memkvidreobis Sesabamisi yvela Sesavsebi 

proeqtisaTvis maRalxarisxiani dizainis uzrunvelyofa; 

merCanT siTisTvis damaxasiaTebeli gamokveTili 

arqiteqturuli xasiaTisa da memkvidreobis dacva, istoriuli 

Senobebis SekeTeba-restavraciis xelSewyobis gziT. 

avtors dadebiT movlenad miaCnia is garemoeba, rom, rogorc 

bolo wlebis statistika cxadyofs, glazgoSi, romelic axlaxan 

ganaxlda, bevrad ufro gaizarda vizitorTa mozidva da 

momsaxureba, vidre edinburgSi. qalaqis aRdgena am monacemTa 

zrdis umTavresi faqtori gaxldaT. 

Sedegad civi, nestiani da CaJamebuli qalaqidan glazgo 

aqtivobebis, performansisa da saqmianobebis, mravalferovani 

kulturis adgilad iqca, dasaxlebis aRdgenis, vizitorTa 

sagrZnobi raodenobiT zrdisa da masTan dakavSirebuli 

investiciebis mozidva ar xdeba mxolod glazgoSi. adamianebs 

gvizidavs mfeTqavi adgilebi, sadac dasaxleba mudam 

moZraobaSia, sadac Zveli axalSi iJRenTeba, sadac identoba da 

adgilis suli Taobidan TaobaSi cocxlobs. 

sayuradReboa, urbanuli memkvidreobis analizis axlad 

SemuSavebuli meTodi „DIVE“ (yvinTva) da misi ZiriTadi aspeqtebi. 

es gaxlavT gegmarebiTi instrumenti, romlis saSualebiT 

SesaZlebelia istoriuli qalaqebisa da garemos Taviseburebebis 

(e.w. adgilis sulis), misi mniSvnelobis, cvlilebebis Setanis 

SesaZleblobebisa da samoqmedo arealis gamokvleva. [21] 

sainteresoa misi ZiriTadi aspeqtebi, kerZod istoriuli 

arealebis ganviTarebis potencialsa da cvlilebebis Setanis 

SesaZleblobaze yuradRebis gamaxvilebam cxadyo ufro 

51

misadagebuli da integrirebuli dagegmvis strategiis, 

iaraRebisa da meTodebis saWiroeba. 1990 wlidan moyolebuli 

norvegieli damgegmavebi iyeneben „adgilis analizs“, rogorc 

urbanuli ganviTarebis procesis iaraRs. termini “adgilis 

analizi” ganisazRvreba, rogorc iaraRi, romlis meSveobiT 

vlindeba adgilobrivi resursebis buneba, maTi socialuri 

Rirebuleba. cxadi xdeba, Tu dReisaTvis rogor moixmareba da 

imarTeba es resursebi. analizma dokumenturad unda asaxos 

arealis Zlieri Tu susti mxareebi da Taviseburebani, rac 

momavali SesaZleblobebis Sefasebis da saTanado dasacavi Tu 

gasaviTarebeli miznebis dasaxvis safuZvlad gamodgeba. amJamad 

profesionalebis Tu sazogadoebis mier kulturuli 

memkvidreoba sul ufro metad aRiqmeba mocemuli adgilis 

simdidred. 

2002 wels evropis kulturuli memkvidreobis sammarTvelom 

wamoiwyo procesi, romelic miznad isaxavda urbanuli 

memkvidreobis specifikuri analizis SemuSavebas. esaa urbanuli 

da teritoriuli konservaciis marTvis, sivrcobrivi 

dagegmarebis, garemoze zegavlenis Sefasebisa da sxva msgavsi 

amocanebis ganxorcielebaze morgebuli dagegmvis iaraRi, 

romelic SesaZloa gamoyenebul iqnes istoriuli-eTnografiuli 

dasaxlebebis sulis gamokvlevisas. 

DIVE-is meTodiT kvlevis oTxi safexuri gulisxmobs, rom 

istoriuli xasiaTis daumuSavebeli informacia oTxi safexuris 

gavliT qmediT codnad iqceva. 

I safexuri. arealis istoriuli xasiaTis aRwera 

analizis pirveli stadiis amosavali wertilia informacia 

imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra damaxasiaTebeli niSani gamoarCevs arealis 

pirvelsaxes, evolucias da dRevandel situacias erTmaneTisgan. 

amasTan dakavSirebuli qvesakiTxebi moicavs: 

adgilis pirvelsaxisa da ganviTarebis Sesaxeb informaciis 

moZiebas; 

istoriuli saxis informaciis sistematizacias; 

52

mopovebuli da gadamuSavebuli codnis aRwerasa da 

gadmocemas. 

II safexuri. arealis istoriuli mniSvnelobis interpretireba. 

I safexurze mopovebul faqtobriv da aRweriT codnas kvlevis 

II safexurze emateba interpretirebuli informacia arealis 

istoriuli konteqstisa da xasiaTis Sesaxeb. es ori safexuri 

erTad ayalibebs safuZvels, raTa III etapze Sefasdes 

kulturuli memkvidreobis faseulobebi da potenciali. II 

safexuris ZiriTadi mizania gamoavlinos, Tu ra aris arealis 

arsebiTi Taviseburebebi da riTia isini mniSvnelovani. 


istoriuli konteqstis interpretirebas; 

arealis istoriuli kondiciis moZiebas (ramdenad mkafio, 

xeluxlebeli da avTentikuria igi); 

arealis istoriuli mniSvnelobis aRweras da gadmocemas; 

III safexuri. arealis SesaZleblobebisa da SezRudvebis 

Sefaseba. 

III safexuri ganavrcobs wina safexurebis aRweriTi da 

interpretirebiTi saxis masalas, amatebs arsebiTi 

Taviseburebebis Sefasebas, Rirebulebas aniWebs mas garemo 

miznebisa da prioritetebis Sesabamisad da, bolos, ganixilavs 

SesaZleblobebsa da SezRudvebs. 

am etapis ZiriTadi mizania gamoavlinos, Tu rogoria arealis 

istoriuli Rirebuleba, ganviTarebis potenciali da cvlilebis 

SesaZlebloba. 


kulturuli memkvidreobis arsebiTi TaviseburebebisTvis 

Rirebulebis dadgenas; 

prioritetuli kulturuli memkvidreobis ganviTarebis 

potencialisa da mowyvladobis gamokvlevas; 

kulturuli memkvidreobis resursebis cvlilebis 

SesaZleblobis aRweras da gadmocemas. 

53

IV safexuri. kulturuli safexuri _ memkvidreobis 

xelSewyoba 

IV safexuri moicavs struqturis dadgenas mocemuli adgilis 

im kulturul-istoriuli resursebis ganviTarebisa da 

aqtivizaciisTvis, romlebic ganisazRvra, ganixila da Sefasda, 

rogorc Tvisebrivad mniSvnelovani, Rirebuli da met-naklebad 

Sesatyvisi faqtorebi. 

analizis am ukanaskneli fazis umTavresi mizania dadgindes, 

romelia arealSi istoriuli resursebis aqtivizaciisa da 

samoqmedo Carevis adgili. 


Carevisa da aqtivobis adgilis gansazRvras; 

gansaxorcielebeli strategiebisa da principebis 

Camoyalibebas; 

konkretuli RonisZiebebis da instrumentebis SeTavazebas. 

gamoTqma „Carevis adgili“ gamoiyeneba rTuli norvegiuli 

sityva „handlingsromis“ aRsaniSnavad, rac sityvasityviT 

„samoqmedo sivrces“ niSnavs. termini aRwers samoqmedo vels, 

romelic potenciurad xelmisawvdomia damgegmavisa da 

SemsruleblisTvis. igi ukavSirdeba im RonisZiebebs, romelic 

SeiZleba gaTvaliswinebuli iyos ganxilvis procesSi myofi 

memkvidreobis Sesanaxad, Sesacvlelad da (an aqtivizaciisaTvis) 

rogorc Carevis formis, aseve Carevis intensivobisa Tu masStabis 

TvalsazrisiT. termini moicavs ara marto fizikur elementebs, 

rac SeiZleba Carevis obieqti iyos, aramed arafizikur 

ganmsazRvrel faqtorebsac, rogoricaa dainteresebuli pirebi, 

kanonmdebloba, dafinanseba da sxva SesaZleblobebi Tu 

SezRudvebi. 

sabolood SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom DIVE-is meTodiT analizi 

upirvelesad da umTavresad konkretuli arealis daxasiaTebis 

procesia da mimarTulia adgilis evoluciis SesaZleblobis 

gamovlenasa da samomavlo arCevanis Sefasebaze. [22] 

54

imisaTvis, rom codnis mosapovebeli „CayvinTvisas“ 

Segrovebuli istoriuli masala efeqturad iqnes gamoyenebuli, 

igi analizis ganmartebiTi da SefasebiTi fazebisaTvis monacemTa 

bazad unda Camoyalibdes. 

am samuSaos sistematizaciisTvis gamosadegi iaraRi gaxlavT 

dro-sivrcis matrica, igive drois sarkmeli. am matricis 

meSveobiT SesaZloa daxarisxdes, Seinaxos da gadmoices 

informacia arealis istoriuli arsis Sesaxeb. 

istoriul-eTnografiuli adgilebis ganaxlebis sakiTxTan 

dakavSirebiT sainteresoa, am sferoSi udidesi gamocdilebis 

mqone, germaneli arqiteqtor kristian Smicis mosazreba: 

“istoriuli adgilis saTuTi ganaxleba ar niSnavs, rom is ar 

daicva dangrevis, Tu misi mowyobisadmi araprofesiuli 

midgomisagan. es, pirvel rigSi, niSnavs gaisarjo 

diferencirebuli samSeneblo kulturisaTvis. xolo samSeneblo 

kultura awmyoSi ganisazRvreba imiT, Tu rogor vudgebiT da 

vepyrobiT Cven Zeglebs, maT individualobasa da im mniSvnelobas, 

romelic am adgilmdebarobisaTvis gaaCniaT. amasTan, yuradRebas 

vamaxvilebT TviT adgilmdebareobis Taviseburebaze, romlis 

tipuri maxasiaTebeli Cven mier unda iqnes gamovlenili. 

mniSvnelovania, rom warmodgenaSi arsebuli suraTebi SevurwyaT 

adgilis mier nakarnaxevs, imas, rac am adgils cvlis. Cveni 

arqiteqtoruli kredoa is, rom pirveladia ara Senobis gare 

xedi, aramed, rogor esadageba is Tavis garemos. swored amis 

warmodgena gvsurs istoriul konteqstSi ganxorcielebuli 

proeqtebis ganxilvisas, rogorebicaa, magaliTad, drezdenTan 

pirveli germanuli qalaqi-baRi helerau da e.w. Q”kartier V.1” 

drezdenis aRdgenil “noimarktis” ubanSi (me-2 msoflio omis 

dros dangreuli da xelaxla aSenebul “frauenkirxes” 

maxloblad). 

sainteresoa ingliseli arqiteqtor uiliam manis azri Zveli 

londonis _ romauli da Sua saukuneebis qalaqis istoriul 

55

gareubnebSi moqceuli sami proeqtis Sesaxeb: “arqiteqtorebi 

sxeuls amuSaveben, Tumca swadiaT, swored suls Seexon”. 

igi aRniSnavs, rom qalaqisa da nebismieri dasaxlebis Seqmna 

araerTgvarovani procesia. igi sinTezuria da moiTxovs 

TanagrZnobasac da simkacresac, risTvisac uiliam mani saWirod 

miiCnevs, winaswar, garkveuli saxis samuSaoebis Catarebas: 

_ samuSaoTa warmoebisas interesTa konfliqtis gamokvlevas; 

_ masalis struqturis gaTvaliswinebiT, axali formebis 

ganxorcielebis konkretuli taqtikis SemuSavebas; 

_istoriuli garemos ganaxlebis procesisTvis aramaterialuri 

kulturis _ movlenebis, dadgenili wesebis, cxovrebiseuli 

Sablonebis mniSvnelovnebas. 

sainteresoa mis mier Sesrulebuli ramdenime proeqti: 

1. SorediCi _ raioni, romelic qalaqis CrdiloeT napirzea 

ganlagebuli da mis aguriT naSeneb qarxnebsa da sawyobebs Zveli 

romaul-ostiuri elferi aqvs. amJamad es areali bankirebisa da 

iuristebis gansakuTrebul interess iwvevs, radgan ofisebisTvis 

es specifikuri zona sWirdebaT. 

adamianTa uflebebis dacvis saqvelmoqmedo organizacia 

„saerTaSoriso amnistiam“ saTavo ofisebisTvis SeiZina 1911 da 

1954 wlebSi aSenebuli ori avejis qarxana. maTTvis mTavari iyo, 

Zveli Senoba axali miznebisTvis minimaluri danaxarjebiT 

moergoT. 

saboloo Sedegis misaRwevad arqiteqtorebis jgufis mier 

Catarda kompleqsuri samuSaoebi: 

1. maT Tvali gaadevnes raionis istorias, Seiswavles misi 

infrastruqtura (industriuli, sacxovrebeli, utilitaruli); 

2. dadginda Senobebis struqtura sxvadasxva maxasiaTebliT: 

3. dadginda Senobis resursebi, kerZod misi gare satvirTo 

areali, Siga satvirTo sivrce, sasinaTlo ezoebi. 

yvela es sivrce gamoyenebul iqna axalgazrda biznesmenTa 

jguf „amnistiisTvis~, saWiroebisamebr arsebul Senobas ki jer 

ar gaaCnda Tanamedrove moTxovnebze morgebuli saTavsebi _ 

56

misaRebi da sagamofeno sivrce, saleqcio darbazi, lifti da 

kibeebi. 

Semdgomi samuSaoebi analizis garkveul safuZvelze 

ganxorcielda, radgan, rogorc amboben londoni talaxis, 

xreSisa da Tixis qalaqia, amitom, axali konstruqcia Zalian 

mtkice, mbzinavi aguriT Sesrulda, romelic sarkinigzo mSrali 

xidebis mSeneblobis praqtikaSi gamoiyeneboda. aguris wyobac 

„Zveli yaidis“ iyo, kiris duRabiT, sqeli konstruqciiT Sekruli. 

detalebiTa da proporciebiT Senoba iyo utilitarulica da 

sacxovrebelic, xolo interieri ganzrax daumuSavebeli datoves. 

Sedegad miiRes is, rom am aqtiur da saqmian biznesmenTa jgufis 

_ „amnistiis“ wevrebsa Tu momsaxure personals moswonT, rom 

imyofebian movlenebis centrSi, arian cota marginalurebic; 

aseve akmayofilebT es uxvi, magram ubralo garemo. 

D ganxiluli magaliTis safuZvelze vaskvniT, rom 

rekonstruqciisTvis SerCeuli adgilisa da Tavad Senobis Rrma 

kvlevis Sedegad miRebuli informaciis analizis safuZvelze 

SemuSavebuli proeqtis meSveobiT Camoyalibda axali sivrce, 

romelic Zvelisa da axlis harmoniuli Serwymaa. amasTan, is 

araCveulebrivi Tanamedrove nagebobaa, sadac SenarCunebulia 

Zveli, magram mis garSemo Tanamedrove utilitaruli sivrce 

ganviTarda, romelic morgebulia adgils da inarCunebs 

ganumeorebel, individualur saxes. amasTan, maqsimalurad 

pasuxobs mflobelTa saqmian da esTetikur moTxovnilebebsac. 

2. vaiTCepeli (White Chapel) londonis mravalferovani istoriis 

mqone didebuli ganapira raionis daculi teritoriaa. 

dRevandeloba moiTxovs, rom ofisebi infrastruqturulad 

qalaqis rogorc Zvel industriul, aseve ganapira raionebSic 

gavrceldes. amasTan, ar arsebobs sazogadoeba, romelic am 

process SeaCerebs, Tumca bevri obieqti xelSeuxebladaa 

SesanarCunebeli. 

CvenTvis sainteresoa arqiteqtorTa jgufis mier Sedegis 

misaRwevad Catarebuli kvlevisa da Semdgomi moqmedebis etapebi, 

57

aTa es struqtura SenarCunebuliyo, momavalSi axali 

daniSnulebiT gamoyenebuliyo da siZvelis xarjze meti 

mimzidveloba SeeZina. 

arqiteqtorTaA mier gamokvleul iqna areali. gamovlinda misi 

dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebi. avtorTa jgufi eZebda 

saSualebas, rom sivrceebi vertikalurad da horizontalurad 

daekavSirebinaT erTmaneTTan. amasTan, Tanamedrove moTxovnebis 

Sesabamisad mowyobiliyo unarSezRudulTa gzebi, saxanZro 

gasasvlelebi da galereebis qseli; 

Sesrulebuli samuSaos saintereso Sedegia is, rom 

arqiteqtorTa TqmiT “axlad Seqmnili sivrceebi, arsebulis 

„biZaSvilebi“ arian da ara klonebi”, rac restavracia- 

revitalizaciisas erT-erT yvelaze mniSvnelovan Sedegad 

moiazreba. 

saintereso magaliTia proeqti “galerea”, romelic Zveli quCis 

gagrZeleba iyo da raionis sazogadoebrivi adgilebis mowyobis 

gegmaSi mniSvnelovani obieqti iyo. 

CvenTvis mniSvnelovan gamocdilebad SeiZleba iqces is, rom 

avtorTa jgufi xangrZlivad dadioda fexiT, aTvalierebda da 

ixatavda mocemul teritorias, radgan saWiro iyo ganaSenianebis 

im zogadi struqturis amocnoba, romelic Tavidan naTlad ar 

ikveTeboda. 

maT „nakrZalad“ gansazRvres arsebulTagan erT-erTi areali, 

radgan es sakonservacio adgili erTianad Zveli da uCveulo iyo. 

jgufi am Suasaukuneobrivi xasiaTis ara marto SenarCunebas, 

aramed gavrcelebasac Seecada. arqiteqtorebi TavianTi 

proeqtebiT am adgilebis intensiurobis da sicocxlis 

SegrZnebis gamZafrebas cdilobdnen. 

miuxedavad Zvelisadmi udidesi mowiwebisa, avtori aqve 

aRniSnavs, rom “cvlileba damaxasiaTebelia Cveni adamianuri 

mdgomareobisTvis _ aseve Cveni dasaxlebebisTvisac, amitom 

daskvnis saxiT SeiZleba Camoyalibdes: sakiTxavi is ki araa, 

moxdes Tu ara cvlileba, aramed mniSvnelovania, ramdenad 

58

swrafad unda moxdes? ar iqneba winaaRmdegobrivi, Tu aqve 

vityviT, rom arqiteqtura unda iyos gamZle, magram cvlilebas 

Seguebadi. swored esaa is, rac qalaqebs da istoriis mqone 

dasaxlebebs sulis navsayudlad aqcevs”. 

avtori SeniSnavs, rom misi “londonuri gamocdileba SesaZloa 

amxnevebs optimistebs da nirs wauxdens pesimistebs” [23] 

daskvna. arsebuli dasaxlebebis Senebisas yvela Zvel, 

Semadgenel nawilTan SeTanxmeba, maTi xasiaTis gaTvaliswineba 

da SenarCuneba ufro met samuSaos moiTxovs, vidre axal 

adgilas maTi daproeqteba da aSeneba, magram, amavdroulad, es 

ufro faseulia. 

sainteresoa da gasaTvaliswinebeli axleburi, Sereuli 

funqciis mqone saxlebis tipologiis formirebis sferoSi, 

sxvadasxva kvleviT institutSi Catarebuli samecniero 

Teoriuli gamokvlevebi da maT safuZvelze SemuSavebuli 

rekomendaciebi. aRsaniSnavia sacxovreblebis tipuri da 

eqsperimentuli daproeqtebis, centralur samecniero-kvleviT 

institutSi (цнниэп жилища) damuSavebuli samecniero kvleviTi 

naSromi Temaze: «Предложения по созданию специальных серий жилых 

домов для использования их в специфических условиях строительства в 

приморских районах страны.» /1991 ww. Temis xel-li arq. kand. e. 

peresvetovi/. 

naSromSi ganxilulia zRvispira sakurorto raionebSi 

(krasnodaris mxare) gamosayenebeli racionaluri tipis 

sacxovrebeli saxlebisa da binebis arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi 

gadawyvetis ZiriTadi principebi. sabazisod aRebulia or-sam- 

Taobiani sacxovreblad gaTvaliswinebuli binebis funqciuri 

zonirebis xerxebi, droebiT da mudmiv mcxovrebTa erT saxlSi 

ganTavsebis sxvadasxva forma. naSromSi specifikuri pirobebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT SemuSavebulia arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi 

gadawyvetis ZiriTadi principebi, racionaluri sarTulianoba, 

binebis tipologia da sxva. 

59

aseve sayuradsaReboa, amave institutSi 1992 ww. damuSavebuli 

samecniero-kvleviTi naSromi Temaze: «Разработать предложения по 

выбору рациональнальных типов жилых домов для городов-курортов 

Краснодарского края.» (Temis xel-li arq. kand. e. peresvetovi). 

kurortebze sacxovrebeli saxlebisadmi (binebisadmi) ZiriTad 

moTxovnaTa kompleqsis safuZvelze, kurort gelenjikis (rfr) 

magaliTze, Camoyalibebulia bifunqciuri sacxovrebeli 

saxlebis (binebis) tipTa nomenklatura, moculobiT-gegmarebiTi 

struqturebi da racionaluri 2_4-sarTulianoba, saxlebis 

(binebis) funqciuri zonireba, maTi arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi 

gadawyvetis teqnikur-ekonomikuri efeqturobis Sefaseba da sxv. 

daskvna. rogorc turistulad ganviTarebuli sazRvargareTis 

qveynebis praqtikis Seswavla-analizi gviCvenebs, kurortebze 

didi xania farTodaa gavrcelebuli arsebuli saxlebis mcire 

saojaxo e.w. saxl-sastumroebad adaptaciis praqtika, maTi 

keTilmowyoba, damatebiTi meurneobis warmoebisa da turistul 

momsaxurebaSi CarTvis SesaZleblobiT. rac, Tavis mxriv, xels 

uwyobs ara marto ekonomikis ganviTarebas, aramed kurortebis 

TviTmyofadobis da ekologiuri balansis dacvas. kurortebis 

ganumeorebeli arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi ieris Camoyalibebisa 

da SenarCunebis garda, isini mudmiv da droebiT mcxovrebTaTvis 

maRalkomfortuli dasasvenebeli da sacxovrebeli garemos 

Seqmnasac uzrunvelyofen. Sesabamisad, axangrZliveben Zveli 

adgilis sicocxlisunarianobas. 

1.4 rekreaciul raionebSi sacxovreblis formirebis samamulo 

praqtika 

rac Seexeba saqarTvelos kurortebze damsvenebelTa miReba- 

dabinavebis, maTi Sesaferisi biniT uzrunvelyofisa da 

momsaxurebis sakiTxs mniSvnelovania, rom (rogorc Catarebulma 

kvlevebma gviCvena) saqarTveloSi arsebobs sakurorto- 

rekreaciuli garemos organizebisa da dagegmarebis dagrovili 

gamocdileba. 

60

evri qarTveli mecnieri muSaobda da qmnida naSromebs 

sakurorto rekreaciuli garemos formirebisa da sakurorto 

mSeneblobis dargSi. am avtorTa Soris aRsaniSnavia: g. beriZis, g. 

jafariZis, m. milaSvilis, m. bilikis, n. mesxiSvilis, T. gabunias, 

a. qurdianis. m. TumaniSvilis, n. mgalobliSvilis, g. uSveriZis, g. 

jaliaSvilis, d. javaxiSvilis, m. kobaxiZis, n. xatiaSvilis, T. 

malaRuraZis, m. vadaWkorias, g. nodias, n. razmaZis, v. meliavas, n. 

kavkasiZis, p. CikvaiZis da sxvaTa samecniero-kvleviTi naSromebi 

da monografiebi. Zalian mniSvnelovania maT mier kvlevebis 

safuZvelze miRebuli Sedegebis praqtikaSi gamoyeneba da 

danergva. 

Cven TemasTan kavSirSia da friad sayuradReboa m. 

milaSvilis sadisertacio naSromi Temaze “bifunqciuri 

mciresarTuliani sacxovrebeli saxl-pansionatebi saqarTvelos 

sakurorto raionebisaTvis” (1995w.), sadac Camoyalibebulia 

winadadebebi da rekomendaciebi saqarTvelos kurortebze ori 

funqciis mqone (sacxovrebeli da stumris miRebis) saxl- 

pansionatebis daproeqtebisa da mSeneblobisTvis. 

samamulo samecniero-kvleviT praqtikaSi arsebuli Zveli 

gamocdilebis garda, sayuradReboa Tanamedrove Teoriuli bazac, 

am mxriv sainteresoa zemo svaneTSi mimdinare samTo turizmis 

aRorZinebis programa, romelzec muSaoba 2005 wels daiwyo. am 

sakiTxs mieZRvna naSromi “ojaxuri turistuli biznesi. misi 

organizaciis da marTvis Taviseburebani,” romelic momzadda da 

2005 wels fridrix ebertis fondis mxardaWeriT gamoica 

saqarTvelos mTis moyvarulTa kavSiris mier. [24] 

naSromi Seicavs, ara marto zogadi xasiaTis informacias 

regionis Sesaxeb, aramed konkretul rekomendaciebs arsebuli 

sacxovrebeli saxlebis adaptaciis, maTi ojaxur sastumroebad 

gardaqmnisa da turistuli momsaxurebis xarjTaRricxvis 

warmoebisaTvis; aseve mocemulia rCevebi turistuli marSrutebis 

gamyolTaTvis da ojaxuri sastumroebis diasaxlisebisTvis. 

naSromSi aRwerilia ramdenime salaSqro-turistul marSruti. 

61

germaneli specialistis da turizm-menejeris giunter 

fixtneris SefasebiT, zemo svaneTSi programis warmatebuli 

realizacia dadebiTad aisaxeba mosaxleobis socialur- 

ekonomikur mdgomareobaze da samomavlod SeaCerebs mTielebis 

migracias dablobebisken. 

Zvel dasaxlebebSi axali funqciis Setana da, zogadad, maTi 

adaptirebis sakiTxi qarTveli mkvlevarebis mier ganxilulia 

bevr naSromSi. am mxriv sayuradReboa arqiteqtori-urbanisti 

vladimer vardosaniZis mosazrebebi Zveli dasaxlebebisadmi 

damokidebulebis (uSualod Tbilisis, zogadad mTel qveyanis) 

Sesaxeb. 

is Tavis naSromSi aRniSnavs, rom “droa aramaterialur 

faseulobebsac mivxedoT, radgan swored isini, upirvelesad, 

gansazRvravs adgilis identobas.” “Tu ras ar vicavT `Zvel 

dasaxlebebSi~, ratom ar vicavT? imitom, rom kulturuli 

memkvidreobis dacva jerjerobiT ver gaxda Cveni sazogadoebisa 

da uflebamosili institutebis imanenturi statiis avtori vl. 

vardosamiZe koniunqturis gare moTxovnileba; 

kulturuli memkvidreobis dasacavad gvTavazobs Semdeg 

RonisZiebebs: 

kulturuli memkvidreobis yvela saxeobis Zeglebis 

gaTanabreba aRricxva-dacvis TvalsazrisiT; 

saaRricxvo dokumentaciis formebis koreqtireba; 

procedurebis dawyeba im mizniT, rom urbanomiaze adre Tu 

gvian gavrceldes aramaterialuri kulturuli memkvidreobis 

statusi; 

samTavrobo samsaxurebis instituciuri da resursuli 

gaZliereba ZeglTa dacviT sferoSi; 

dasasrul, ufro zogadad, kulturuli memkvidreobis marTvaSi 

Zlevamosili revoluciuri ryevebidan rutinul evoluciur 

daxvewaze gadasvla, radgan memkvidreobas memkvidreobiTobis 

gareSe ver davicavT”. [25] 

62

Cveni naSromisTvis sayuradsaReboa kvlevis meTodika, romelic 

SemuSavda arq. doqtoris konstantine amirejibisa da arq. Tamar 

amaSukelis mier (GIS da DZ sakonsultacio centri `geografiki”). 

meTodi qalaqis istoriuli nawilis SenobaTa tipologiis 

Semdegi specifikiT dalagebas iTvaliswinebs: specialur rukaze 

kvlevis sagnad SeiZleba miviCnioT statistikuri monacemebis 

miReba, yvela Senobaze calkeuli ubnebis an ganaSenianebis 

Seqmnis periodis mixedviT. 

arqiteqturul da urbanul kvlevebSi terminiT “morfotipi“ 

aRiwereba ganaSenianebis sxvadasxva sivrciT-moculobiTi 

formebi, rac gamoixateba Senobis sxvadasxva parametriT, kerZod: 

1. fizikuri zomebiT; 

2. arqiteqturul-konstruqciuli TaviseburebiT; 

3. SenobaTSoris sivrcis organizaciiT. 

morfotipebis struqtura Sedgeba sistemuri midgomis 

safuZvelze miRebuli morfemebis garkveuli raodenobidan, 

romelTa urTierTganlageba asaxavs sistemis an obieqtis 

morfologiis yvela SesaZlebel an tipiur konfiguracias. 

morfemebis dasaSvebi kombinacia Seadgens morfotipebis 

SesaZlebel nomenklaturas da, amave dros, gamoricxavs 

“qimeruli” (dauSvebeli) kombinaciis warmoqmnas. 

istoriuli ganaSenianebis morfotipebis gamovlena am 

ganaSenianebis reabilitaciis procesSi uzrunvelyofs 

gamarTuli gadawyvetilebebis miRebas da gamoricxavs ama Tu im 

ubnis, teritoriis ganaSenianebaSi “ucxo”, aradamaxasiaTebeli 

struqturuli elementebis gaCenas an avTentikuri sivrciTi 

wyobis damaxinjebas. 

morfologiuri analizi SedarebiT axali, magram ukve farTod 

gavrcelebuli praqtikaa Tanamedrove urbanul, arqiteqturul 

kvlevebSi. morfotipebis nairsaxeoba bevrad aris damokidebuli 

istoriul periodze, miwaTmflobelobis formebze, landSaftis 

Tvisebebsa da socialuri urTierTobebis xasiaTze. 

63

mniSvnelovania ama Tu im morfotipis gavrcelebis sazRvrebis 

dadgenac. 

MmagaliTad, parizis qalaqis istoriuli nawili dRes 

warmodgenilia mxolod erTi morfotipis saxiT. xolo moskovis 

axal generalur gegmaSi Setanilia qalaqis istoriuli nawilis 

eqvsi morfotipi. 

miuxedavad safuZvliani Seswavlisa, dRemde ar aris 

Camoyalibebuli Zveli Tbilisis sacxovrebeli saxlebis erTiani 

da universaluri tipologia, magram Tbilisis istoriuli 

nawilis winaswar SemuSavebuli morfotipebis modelebi 

Setanilia eqspertTa savele baraTebSi. 

daskvna: Tanamedrove mecnieruli kvlevis meTodebi, kerZod, 

geoinformaciuli sistemebisa da kompiuteruli kartografiis 

teqnologiis gamoyeneba axal da farTo perspeqtivebs xsnis 

istoriuli ganaSenianebis didi masivebis struqturuli da 

morfologiuri Tvisebebis gamosavlenad, mravalricxovan 

monacemTa dajgufebis, analizis da am gziT axali, damajerebeli 

Sedegebis misaRebad. 

CvenTvis saintereso arealis (xevsureTis regionis 

sacxovrebeli zonis) gamokvlevas da sacxovrebel fondSi 

Semaval Senobebis klasifikacias momavalSi samoqmedo gegmis 

SemuSavebisTvis swored memkvidreobis analizis erT-erT meTodi 

„DIVE“ (yvinTva) daedo safuZvlad, kerZod: 

meTodi moicavs konservaciis gegmis gamoyenebas. aq 

umniSvnelovanesia Senobis Sesabamisi mniSvnelobis Sefaseba 

(Assessments of Relevant Significance), rac gamoarCevs, erTi mxriv, 

yvelaze mniSvnelovan elementebs da amiT gaamarTlebs maTi 

konservaciis da xelaxali gamoyenebis investirebas, meore mxriv, 

naklebad mniSvnelovan (umniSvnelo) Senobebsa da sivrceebs, 

romelTa Secvla mTeli arealisTvis SesaZloa ufro momgebiani 

aRmoCndes. 

sayuradsaRebo meTodia istoriuli nawilis SenobaTa 

tipologiis im specifikiT dalageba, romelic arqiteqturul da 

64

urbanul kvlevebSi termini morfotipiT ganisazRvreba; rac 

gulisxmobs specialuri rukis meSveobiT statistikuri 

monacemebis miRebas am nawilis yvela Senobaze, calkeuli 

ubnebis an ganaSenianebis Seqmnis periodis mixedviT. 

saqarTveloSi mravalfunqciuri mciresarTuliani 

sacxovrebeli saxlis tipologiis ganviTarebis gzebis axlo 

warsuls Tu gadavavlebT Tvals, vnaxavT, rom erT-erTi 

mcdeloba iyo saxl-pansionatebis proeqtebis Seqmnis mizniT 1985 

wels saqarTvelos arqiteqtorTa kavSirisa da arqiteqtorTa 

saerTaSoriso saTxilamuro klubis (SKIA) mier Catarebuli 

saerTaSoriso konkursi, romelic iTvaliswinebda saqarTvelos 

SuamTianeTis kurortebze asaSenebeli saxl-sastumroebis 

optimaluri proeqtebis Seqmnas. 

konkursze gamovlinda saukeTeso arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi da 

konstruqtiuli gadawyvetebi. saxl-sastumroebi ise daigegma, 

rom, garda imisa, sakurorto sezonis periodSi saTavsebis 

nawili damsvenebelze arendiT gaqiravebuliyo, 

transformirdeboda pansionatad da saxlis mudmivi 

macxovreblebisa da damsveneblebis komfortul sacxovrebel 

pirobebsac uzrunvelyofda. programiT gaTvaliswinebuli iyo 

3,4,5,6-oTaxiani 2_3-sarTuliani saxlebis proeqtebis damuSaveba. 

konkursze warmodgenili proeqtebi Semdegi kriteriumebiT iqna 

Sefasebuli: regionisTvis damaxasiaTebeli bunebriv-klimaturi 

pirobebis, garemomcveli landSaftis Taviseburebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT da mSeneblobis ekonomikuri efeqtis 

uzrunvelyofiT. 

Cven mier Catarebuli analiziT konkursze warmodgenili 

saxlebi arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi gadawyvetebis mixedviT or 

jgufad daiyo: 

1. erTbiniani saxl-sastumroebi; 

2. blokirebuli sacxovrebeli saxl-sastumroebi, romlebic 

erT arqiteqturul moculobaSi 3,4,5 da 6-oTaxian, or an met 

binas aerTianebda. 

65

arsebuli saproeqto praqtikis Seswavlam gamoavlina Semdegi: 

_konkursze warmodgenili proeqtebis umetesi nawili 

damuSavebuli iyo ZiriTadi koncefciis – mudmiv da droebiT 

mcxovrebTa erT saxlSi (binaSi) erTdrouli cxovrebisTvis, 

maRalkomfortuli mikrogaremos Seqmnis sworad gaazrebisa da 

sxvadasxva gegmarebiTi xerxiT ganxorcielebis safuZvelze. 

aqve SeiZleba ganvixiloT saqarTvelos sakurorto raionebSi 

gamosayenebel e.w. bifunqciuri sacxovrebeli saxlebis 

tipologiis gansazRvris sakiTxisadmi miZRvnili s.s.i. 

”saqqalaqSensaxproeqtSi” 1991 wels damuSavebuli samecniero- 

kvleviTi naSromi Temaze: “meToduri rekomendaciebi da 

winadadebebi saqarTvelos sakurorto raionebSi 

mciresarTuliani sacxovrebeli saxl-pansionatebis 

proeqtirebisaTvis”. (Temis xel-i arq. m. milaSvili). 

bifunqciuri sacxovreblebisadmi ZiriTad moTxovnaTa 

kompleqsis gansazRvrisa da gaTvaliswinebis safuZvelze, 

naSromSi rekomendebuli iyo sacxovrebeli saxl-pansionatebis 

funqciuri zonirebis sqemebi; arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi 

gadawyvetebi; saTavsTa nomenklatura da saorientacio 

farTobebi; racionaluri sarTulianoba; rekomendaciebi da 

winadadebebi daproeqtebisaTvis (nax. 6, 7, 8). 

bifunqciuri mciresarTuliani sacxovrebeli saxl- 

pansionatebis tipologiis formirebis sakiTxi naSromSi gadawyda 

saqarTvelos kurortebis araorganizebul damsvenebelTa da 

turistTa Tanamedrove etapze arsebul miReba-dabinavebisa da 

momsaxurebis formebis Seswavla-analizis safuZvelze. 

daskvna. am da sxva arcTu vrceli masalidan gamomdinare, 

SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom wlebis manZilze iyo mcdelobebi, 

saqarTvelos mTiani regionebis aRmSeneblobis, 

arqiteqturulad gaazrebuli, moTxovnaTa kompleqsis 

gaTvaliswinebiT proeqtebis Seqmnisa, romelic ojaxuri tipis 

sastumroebSi sameurneo aqtivobis SesaZleblobasac moiazrebda. 

rogorc zemoT ganxiluli saqarTvelos kurortebze sastumros 

66

tipis mciresarTuliani sacxovrebeli ojaxuri saxl- 

sastumroebis dReisaTvis arsebuli proeqtebis analizi 

gviCvenebs, rom maTi mSeneblobisaTvis arsebuli daproeqtebis 

praqtika SenobaTa arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi gadawyvetilebis 

garkveuli arCevaniT gamoirCeva. magram unda iTqvas, rom am 

etapze saqarTvelos kurortebisTvis (gansakuTrebiT mTiani 

regionebisTvis) ar moipoveba sakmao masala am tipis saxl- 

sastumroebis daproeqtebisaTvis damaxasiaTebel TaviseburebaTa 

kompleqsis srulad gaTvaliswinebis safuZvelze, mecnierulad 

dasabuTebuli da Camoyalibebuli zogadi koncefcia, 

rekomendaciebi, winadadebebi da miTiTebebi. 

samamulo praqtikaSi marTalia arsebobs am Temis momcveli 

samecniero baza, magram aris bevri sakiTxi, romelic moiTxovs 

ufro safuZvlian da Rrma Seswavlas. 

dasasrul, mivdivarT daskvnamde, rom mocemuli sferos 

aTvisebisas, rogorc arsebuli ucxouri, aseve samamulo 

mecnieruli da praqtikuli gamocdilebis gacnoba-gaziareba 

aucilebel pirobas warmoadgens jerovani Sedegis misaRwevad. 

I Tavis daskvnebi 

II Tavi 

xevsureTis regionSi arsebuli mdgomareobis Seswavla-analizi 

Semdegi mniSvnelovani amocana iyo xevsureTSi dReisTvis 

arsebuli realuri viTarebis Seswavla-analizi, romelic or 

ZiriTad mimarTulebad ganxorcielda: 

1. regionSi arsebuli turistuli resursebis gamoyenebisa da 

vizitorebis Semosvlis dinamikis, maTi ganTavsebis, maTi 

moTxovnebis dakmayofilebis, maspinZelTa mxridan momsaxurebis 

xarisxTan dakavSirebuli statistikuri monacemebis Seswavlis 

TvalsazrisiT. 

2. xevsureTSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis realuri 

mdgomareobis Seswavla-analiziT. 

67

2.1 xevsureTis regionSi vizitorTa Semosvlis dinamikisa da maTi 

ganTavsebis sakiTxis Seswavla-analizi 

naturaluri kvleva Cven mier xevsureTSi 2009 wlis zafxulSi 

ganxorcielda. Seswavlil iqna regionis 8 sofeli: piraqeTa 

xevsureTis soflebi: barisaxo, yorSa, qobulo, Ruli, xaxmati 

(nawilobriv); piriqiTa xevsureTis soflebi: Satili, ardoti da 

muco. naturaluri kvlevebis Sedegad, movipoveT mravali 

saintereso masala, romelTa Semdgomi kvleva da analizi 

saTanado daskvnebis gamotanis saSualebas mogvcemda. 

xevsureTis turistul-rekreaciuli resursebis gamoyenebis 

arsebuli mdgomareobis SeswavliT gamovlinda, rom amJamad mTel 

regionSi sul 128 ojaxia, maT Soris bevri ojaxi erTsuliania, 

nawili mxolod sezonurad cxovrobs da bevri ukve barSi 

gadmosaxlebaze fiqrobs. 

Cven mier SemuSavebuli anketiT, intervius meTodiT 

gamokiTxvis saSualebiT, gavecaniT adgilobrivi mosaxleebis 

yofiT pirobebs da regionSi araorganizebulad Semosuli 

turistebis dabinavebis sakiTxs. 

kvlevis Sedegad gamovlinda sayuradRebo faqtebi: 

aq mosaxle ojaxebi sezonurad (zafxulSi) sistematurad 

iReben adgilobriv Tu ucxoel turistebs. 

orive mxaris (turistebsa da maspinZlebs Soris) 

gamokiTxviT(interviu) moviZieT garkveuli informacia. Semdgom 

moxda misi sistematizacia. 

I. regionSi Semomaval turistTa Sesaxeb monacemTa SeswavliT 

gamovlinda ori ZiriTadi tipis rekreanti: 

1. individualurad Semosuli turistebi; 

2. jgufurad Semosuli turistebi. 

turistebis jgufebis organizeba xdeba tursaagentoebisa da 

turoperatorebis mier, agreTve adgilobriv mcxovrebTa 

aqtivobis Sedegad. 

68

individualuri turisti, sakuTari iniciativiT, 

individualurad sxvadasxva gziT (internetiT, gzamkvleviT da 

nacnob-megobrebis rCeviT) moZiebuli marSrutebiT mogzaurobs. 

II. kvlevis periodad aRebul 5 wlis (2006_2011 ww.) manZilze, 

regionSi Semosuli turistebis raodenobis Sesaxeb mopovebuli 

monacemebis analizma gviCvena, rom regionSi araorganizebul da 

organizebul turistTa jamuri raodenobis dinamika 2006_2009 

wlebSi, miuxedavad 2008 wlis agvistos movlenebisa, matebisken 

iyo mimarTuli. 2010 wlisTvis ki, savaraudod, ekonomikuri 

krizisis mizeziT, Semcirda. 

regionis erT-erTi soflis (roSka) mosaxleobis 

(fotoxelovani, roSkaSi ojaxuri sastumros mflobeli SoTa 

wiklauri) gamokiTxvis Sedegad miRebulia informacia 

individualurad da organizebuli turiT Semosul rekreantTa 

raodenobrivi dinamikis Sesaxeb 5-wlian (2006_2011ww) periodSi, 

ivlisi-agvisto-seqtemberi Tveebis mixedviT. (ix. cxrili 1). 

cxrili 1. regionSi sofeli (roSka) mosaxleobis gamokiTxvis Sedegad 

miRebuli informacia individualurad da organizebulad Semosul 

rekreantTa raodenobrivi dinamikis Sesaxeb. (5-wlian (2006_2011ww) periodi, 

ivlisi-agvisto-seqtemberi Tveebi.) 

sofel roSkaSi 5 wlis(2006_11ww.) ganmavlobaSi ivlis-seqtemberSi 

Semosul turistTa Sesaxeb statistikuri monacemebi, turistul 

momsaxurebaSi CarTul mosaxleTa gamokiTxvis Sedegebze dayrdnobiT 

Tve 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 

Semomaval 

turistTa 

tipebi 

individualuri 

turisti 

organizebuli 

turiT 

individualuri 

turisti 

organizebuli 

turiT 

individualuri 

turisti 

organizebuli 

turiT 

individualuri 

turisti 

organizebuli 

turiT 

individualuri 

turisti 

69 

organizebuli 

turiT 

ivlisi 20 12X1 25 10X1 65 20X2 82 20X3 30 25X1 

agvisto 22 20X1 35 20X1 70 20X2 80 20X3 20 20X1 

seqtemberi 8 8X1 5 11X1 10 15X1 20 10X1 5 8X1

kvlevis Sedegad agreTve gamovlinda: 

1. regionis arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondi, romelic ver 

akmayofilebs elementarul sayofacxovrebo moTxovnebs, magram 

mainc warmoadgens regionSi Semosul turistTa erTaderT 

sacxovrebel adgils (Tu ar CavTvliT karvebs); 

2. regionSi mosaxleobis simciris gamo, xSirad turistTa 

raodenoba ufro metia, vidre maTi gansaTavsebeli adgilebi; 

3. mTeli xevsureTis masStabiT sul 6_8 ojaxs aqvs turistebis 

dabinavebisTvis saWiro aucilebeli materialur-teqnikuri 

baza. 

Cven mier aseve Seswavlil iqna arsebuli turistul- 

saeqskursio momsaxurebis saxeebi, maTi moculoba; turistTa 

momsaxurebaSi CarTuli mosaxleobis raodenoba da turistTa 

misaRebad maTi mzadyofna, materialuri bazisa da Teoriuli 

momzadebis TvalsazrisiT. 

magaliTad, sofel roSkaSi, 5 wlis (2006_2011ww.) manZilze, 

zafxulis Tveebis mixedviT da vizitorTa Semosvlis dinamikis 

monacemebis mixedviT Sedga grafiki. sof. roSkis monacemebi 

SesaZlebelia ganzogaddes sof. yorSasa da sof. Satilzec, 

radgan gamokiTxvam gviCvena, rom xevsureTSi Semosuli 

vizitiorebi, ZiriTadad, erTi da igive marSrutze 

mogzaurobdnen, romelSic soflebi barisaxo, roSka, yorSa da 

Satili Sedis. 

2006_2011wlebSi sof. roSkaSi wlebisa da Tveebis mixedviT 

Semosul turistTa dinamika ase gamoiyureba: 

70

sqema . regionSi sofeli (roSka) individualurad da organizebulad 

Semosul rekreantTa raodenobrivi dinamikis Sesaxeb wlebis da Tveebis 

mixedviT (5-wlian (2006_2011ww) periodi, ivlisi-agvisto-seqtemberi Tveebi.) 

vizitorebsa, da mosaxleebTan Catarebuli intervius 

safuZvelze gairkva vizitorTa ZiriTad moTxovnaTa kompleqsi: 

turisti iTxovs cxel wyals, sakvebs, izolirebul Ramis gasaTev 

saTavss. vizitorTa mxridan aris xangrZlivi dasvenebis 

moTxovnac, magram es mxolod SatilSi, barisaxosa da roSkaSia 

SesaZlebeli. 

sacxovrebel saxlebSi saTanado pirobebis arqonis gamo, 

mosaxleoba ver uzrunvelyofs turistebs Sesabamisi 

momsaxurebiT, da Tu es xerxdeba, sxva regionebTan SedarebiT 

Zviria. 

ivlisi 

agvisto 

seqtemberi 

3 Tvis 

ganzogadebiT 

200 

180 

160 

140 

120 

100 

80 

60 

40 

20 

0 

70 

95 80 

82 

50 

20 22 

8 

0 

Tve 2006 

65 

40 

35 

20 

25 

8 12 

5 

2007 

65 

41 

20 

10 11 10 

2008 

40 

15 

20 

2009 

66 

60 55 

30 

20 

10 

5 

2010 

53 

25 

20 

8 

mag., svaneTSi, TuSeTsa da yazbegSi 6 dReRamiani jgufuri 

kompleqsuri turi 300 lari jdeba, rodesac xevsureTSi, igive 

momsaxureba 600 l-mde Rirs da jgufis miRebis pirobebi arc 

aris (turoperatori paata vardanaSvilis da giorgi gurjiZis 

informacia). regioni amiT bevr momxmarebels kargavs, Tumca 

vizitorTa garkveuli kategoria aq mainc Cadis. regionSi xSirad 

mogzauroben turistebi, romlebic Rames karvebSi aTeven. 

145 

182 

136 

sof. roSkaSi 5wlis(2009-11ww) ganmavlobaSi ivlisseqtemberSi 

Semosul turistTa Sesaxeb statistikuri 

monacemebi turistul momsaxurebaSi CarTul mosaxleTa 

gamokiTxvis Sedegebze dayrdnobiT 

71

Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegad, vizitis xangrZlivobisa da 

sayofacxovrebo moTxovnaTa kompleqsis mixedviT, gamoikveTa 

vizitorTa eqvsi kategoria, kerZod: 

1. moklevadiani viziti, Ramis gaTeva saxlSi _ vizitors 

esaWiroeba izolirebuli saZinebeli, kveba, civi-cxeli wyali, 

sankvanZi. am kategorias Seadgens vizitorTa umetesoba, 30%; 

2. moklevadiani viziti, Ramis gaTeva saxlSi _ vizitors 

esaWiroeba izolirebuli saZinebeli, kvebis gareSe, civi- 

cxeli wyali da sankvanZi. am kategorias vizitorTa 10% 

Seadgens; 

3. moklevadiani viziti _ karviT (ezos gareT), vizitors 

esaWiroeba civi-cxeli wyali, sankvanZi da sakvebi. am 

kategorias vizitorTa 20% Seadgens; 

4. moklevadiani viziti _ vizitors esaWiroeba mxolod karvis 

adgili, civi-cxeli wyali da sankvanZi. am kategorias 

vizitorTa 25% Seadgens; 

5. xangrZlivi viziti (2 kviridan 1 Tvemde) – vizitors 

esaWiroeba saZinebeli adgili, keTilmowyobili, civi-cxeli 

wyali, san-kvanZiTa da kvebiT. am kategorias vizitorTa 8% 

Seadgens; 

6. xangrZlivi viziti (2kviridan 1 Tvemde) – vizitors esaWiroeba 

saZinebeli adgili, keTilmowyobili, civi-cxeli wyali, san- 

kvanZi, kvebiT uzrunvelyofis gareSe. am kategorias 

vizitorTa 7% Seadgens. 

Cven mier mopovebuli informaciiT aseve dadginda, rom amJamad 

mosaxleobis kerZo mflobelobaSi myofi sacxovrebeli saxlebis 

umetes nawilSi /95%/ Seqmnili pirobebi nawilobriv /40%/ an 

absoluturad /55%/ ver uzrunvelyofs damsvenebelTa normaluri 

cxovrebisaTvis aucilebel moTxovnebs, rac ZiriTadad 

gamowveulia: 

1. momsaxurebis dabali doniT; 

2. sacxovrebeli saxlebis (binebis) araracionaluri 

arqiteqturuli dagegmarebiT, kerZod: 

72

sacxovreblis arasaTanado funqciuri zonirebiT; 

zonaTa Soris araxelsayreli urTierTkavSiriTa da 

izolirebiT; 

mocemuli pirobebisaTvis SenobaSi funqcionalurad saWiro 

saTavsebis arasakmarisi raodenobiT an maTi ararsebobiT; 

saTanado sanitariul-higienuri pirobebis uqonloba da sxva. 

Cven mier Catarebuli kvlevebis Sedegad miRebuli informaciiT 

SegviZlia davaskvnaT: 

xevsureTis regionSi vizitorTa stacionarulad ganTavsebis 

erTaderT adgils, miuxedavad imisa, rom arsebuli saxlebis 

umetes nawilSi /90%/ Seqmnili pirobebi nawilobriv an 

absoluturad ver uzrunvelyofs vizitorTa cxovrebisaTvis 

aucilebel moTxovnebs, mainc regionSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli 

fondi warmoadgens. arsebuli viTarebidan gamomdinare, swored 

sacxovrebels aqvs dakisrebuli axali damatebiTi da metad 

mniSvnelovani funqcia _ vizitoris miReba-dabinaveba. 

2.2 xevsureTis regionSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis 

mdgomareobis Seswavla-analizi 

saqarTvelos istoriul-eTnografiul regionebSi, kerZod 

xevsureTSi aucilebelia arsebuli sacxovrebeli saxlebis 

tipebis dajgufeba da samecniero-meTodologiuri bazis 

srulyofa. es adgilis identobis, individualurobis, mTlianad 

garemos SenarCunebis erT-erTi realuri gzaa. 

regionSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli saxlebis tipebis Seswavlisa 

da maTi samomavlo gamoyenebis perspeqtivebis gansazRvris mizniT 

Cven mier, mniSvnelovania (ramdenime soflis magaliTze) amJamad 

xevsureTSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis mdgomareobis 

adgilze gacnoba da Seswavla. Semdeg etapze, analizis 

safuZvelze, sxvadasxva periodSi aSenebuli, aseve sxvadasxva 

mdgomareobaSi myofi sacxovrebeli saxlebis garkveuli 

TanamimdevrobiTa da kanonzomierebiT dajgufeba. 

73

2009 wels xevsureTis ramdenime sofelSi…(barisaxo, roSka, 

yorSa, Satili, ardoti da nawilobriv xaxmati) Cven mier Catarda 

naturaluri kvlevebi, kerZod: 

1. gamokiTxul iqna adgilobrivi mosaxleobis nawili, regionSi 

amJamad arsebuli mosaxleobis 7_8%; 

2. moxda aRniSnul soflebSi arsebuli, sxvadasxva tipis 

sacxovrebeli saxlebis aRricxva iseTi monacemebis mixedviT, 

rogoricaa soflebis dasaxeleba, saxlebis mflobelTa vinaobiT 

da saxlebis fizikuri mdgomareobis dafiqsireba; 

3. ganxorcielda sacxovrebeli saxlebis fotofiqsacia; 

4. aizoma erT-erTi sacxovrebeli saxli da anazomebis 

safuZvelze zusti naxazebi gakeTda; 

5. ganxorcielda kvlevis Sedegad mopovebuli masalebis 

damuSaveba-sistematizacia; 

6. Sesabamisi kriteriumebis safuZvelze ganxorcielda saxlebis 

tipebis klasifikacia da fizikuri mdgomareobis mixedviT 

dajgufeba. 

7. Sedga mTeli xevsureTis momcveli, turistulad aqtiuri da 

saintereso, aseve ojaxuri sastumroebis mosawyobad 

mizanSewonili savaraudo dasaxlebebis sqema. (ix. sqema .) 

Catarebuli naturaluri kvlevis Sedegebis analizi 

saintereso iyo im mxrivac, rom samomavlod, maTi analizisa da 

saTanado daskvnebis safuZvelze, unda Camoyalibebuliyo saWiro 

rekomendaciebi da winadadebebi sacxovreblis arqiteqturuli 

garemos revitalizaciisa da axli tipis saxlebis 

daproeqtebisaTvis. 

sacxovrebeli saxlebis tipebis tipologiurad dajgufebis 

safuZvlad gamoviyeneT mkvlevar-arqiteqtoris l. sumbaZis mier 

SemuSavebuli kriteriumebi, rogoricaa saxlis aSenebis periodi 

da arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi struqturuli sqema. 

garda am kriteriumebisa, regionSi arsebuli saxlebis tipebis 

klasifikaciisas, Cven mier gakeTebuli fotofiqsaciis masalebis 

gamoyenebiT, aisaxa maTi amJamindeli fizikuri mdgomareobac. 

74

Sedegad SevZeliT saxlebis dajgufeba fizikuri mdgomareobis 

mixedviT: 

a. Semonaxuli saxlebi; 

b. nawilobriv dangreuli saxlebi; 

g. dangreuli saxlebi. 

naturaluri kvlevis Sedegad aseve gamovlinda, rom regionSi 

arsebuli sacxovrebeli saxlebi erTmaneTisgan gansxvavdeba 

arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi struqturiT. Sedegad Camoyalibda 

arsebuli sacxovrebeli Senobebis tipTa Semdegi klasifikacia: 

I. uZvelesi cixe-koSki _ vxvdebiT, ZiriTadad, piriqiTa 

xevsureTSi, magram ramdenime SemorCenilia piraqeTa 

xevsureTSic. 

II. uZvelesi saxli-koSki _ igive “qvitkiri”. SemorCa mxolod 

piriqiTa xevsureTSi, kerZod: SatilSi, mucoSi, xaxaboSi, qaCuSi, 

ardotSi da kidev ramdenime sofelSi. 

sadReisod regionSi SemorCenili orive tipis koSkebi, 

fizikuri mdgomareobis mixedviT, SesaZlebelia daiyos Semdeg 

jgufebad: 

1. pirvandeli saxiT xeluxleblad warmodgenili –koSkebis 

saerTo raodenobidan daaxloebiT 35% (sof. muco, qaCu, xaxabo). 

TavisTavad, es kategoria (35%) davyaviT mdgomareobis mixedviT: 

a. Semonaxuli _20% 

b. nawilobriv dangreuli _ 45% 

g. dangreuli _35% 

2. konservirebuli _ koSkebis mTliani raodenobis 20% (qistani, 

qaCu, lebaiskari (mTeli raodenobis daaxloebiT mexuTedi); 

3. restavrirebuli _koSkebis (sacxovreblad ar aris 

adaptirebuli) mTeli raodenobis 30% (Satilis Zvel nawilSi, 

istoriuli sacxovrebeli koSkebi). 

4. restavrirebuli da sacxovreblad adaptirebuli _ koSkebis 

mTeli raodenobis 15% (Satilis Zvel nawilSi, istoriuli 

sacxovrebeli koSkebi). 

75

arsebuli orive tipis koSki da maTi nangrevebi SesaZlebelia 

Setanil iqnes turistul marSrutebSi, rogorc istoriuli 

Zeglebi da saintereso turproduqti. 

III. “ban-kaloiani” saxli _ ufro gviani periodis, magram aseve 

Zveli XVIII_XIXss-is tradiciuli sacxovrisi. adgilze kvlevis 

Sedegebis analizis safuZvelze am tipis saxlebi, fizikuri 

mdgomareobis mixedviT, 3 ZiriTad jgufad davyaviT: 

xevsureTis masStabiT SemorCenili da Cven mier Seswavlili 

“ban-kaloiani” tipis 34 saxli SesaZloa dajgufdes: 

1. Semonaxuli _ sul 22 saxli, 65% (Semonaxulia iseTi 

saxiT, rom SesaZlebelia cxovreba). 

2. nawilobriv dangreuli _ sul 5 saxli, 15% (SemorCenilia 

kedlebis fragmentebi); 

3. dangreuli – sul 7 saxli, 20% (maTi garCeva SesaZlebelia 

mxolod saZirkvlis darCenili konturiT); 

Semonaxuli saxlebi, Tavis mxriv, davyaviT kidev or qve-jgufad, 

romelSic: 

a. cxovroben 11-Si, 50%; 

b. ar cxovroben 11-Si, 50%. 

Catarebuli naturaluri kvlevis safuZvelze 2009 wlisTvis 

Sedga “bankaloiani” saxlebis realuri fizikuri mdgomareobis 

Sesabamisi procentuli Tanafardobis sqema#1. 

mTlianad 

dangreuli 

7 saxli, 

20% 

nawilobriv 

dangreuli 

5 saxli, 

15% 

34 kaloiani saxlis mdgomareoba 2009 wlisTvis 

Semonaxuli 

22 saxli, 

65% 

Semonaxuli 22 saxli 

nawilobriv 

dangreuli 5 saxli 

mTlianad dangreuli 

7 saxli 

sqema . regionSi arsebuli“ban-kaloiani” 34 saxlis realuri fizikuri 

mdgomareobis Sesabamisi procentuli Tanafardoba 2009 w. 

76

cxrili . regionSi arsebuli“ban-kaloiani” saxlebis realuri 

fizikuri mdgomareobis Sesabamisi procentuli Tanafardoba 

(2009 wlisTvis) 

#N saxlis tipi 

1. Semonaxuli saxli 

tradic. kaloiani 

saxlebis mTliani 

raodenoba 

saxlebis 

raodenoba _ 

proporciuli 

Sefardeba%-Si 

22_65% 

2. 

nawilobriv 

dangreuli saxli 

sul 

34 

100% 

5_15 % 

3. dangreuli saxli 7_20 % 

SeniSvna. sof. ardotSi kaloiani saxlebis mxolod 

nasaxlarebia SemorCenili. bevri mTlianad dangreulia. aq 

ukanaskneli mcxovrebis Semdeg daaxloebiT 100 welia gasuli. 

nasaxlarebis kuTvnileba mxolod Taobidan Taobaze gadmocemiT 

ician. 

kvlevisaTvis saWirod miviCnieT gamogveyenebina is 

informaciac, romelic Sedgenilia xevsuri eTnograf iv. 

wiklaurisa da mkvidri mosaxlis, xevsureTis sasazRvro jaris 

ufros gogi liqokelis mier 2009_2010 ww) da romelic 

xevsureTSi arsebuli, tradiciuli ban-kaloiani tipis saxlebis 

mdgomareobas Seexeba 2009 wlisTvis. CamonaTvalSi moxseniebulia 

28 sofeli da masSi arsebuli 34 saxli, maTi amJamindeli 

patronis miTiTebiT. (ix. nax # ) 

IV. fSauri tipis e.w.“sabZluri” saxli; 

Cven mier 3 sofelSi (barisaxo, qobulo, yorSa) gamokvleul 

iqna am tipis 8 sacxovrebeli saxli. adgilze Catarebuli 

kvlevisa da fotofiqsaciis SedegebiT miRebuli masalebis 

gamoyenebiT SesaZlebeli gaxda maTi dajgufeba, fizikuri 

mdgomareobis mixedviT, Semdeg qvetipebad: 

1. Semonaxuli _ 6 saxli, saerTo raodenobis 75%; 

2. nawilobriv dangreuli _ 2 saxli, saerTo raodenobis 25%; 

3. dangreuli _ 0%. 

77

Semonaxuli saxlebi, Tavis mxriv, davyaviT qvejgufebad, 

romelSic: 

a. cxovroben _ 4 saxlSi (66%); 

b. ar cxovroben _ 2 saxlSi (34%). 

samive tipis saxlebis gegmarebiTi sqemebi (ix. Nnax #N) 

“baruli”tipis saxli, romelic ieriTa da gegmarebiTi 

struqturiT, gasuli saukunis Sua wlebSi, baris soflebSi 

gavrcelebuli saxlebis saxeSeucvlel gameorebas warmoadgens, 

amitom mas l. sumbaZe ”barul” saxls uwodebs. (ix. nax # ) 

am saxlebSic ori qvetipi iqna gamovlenili: 

1. galereuli _ I qvetipi _ erTsarTuliani, or(sam)oTaxiani. 

orqanobiani, kramitis an Tunuqis saxuraviT, buxriT/ubuxrod, 

Tunuqis RumliT, wvrili samSeneblo blokiT nagebi kedlebiT. 

2. galereuli _ II qvetipi _ aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi 

gavrcelebuli 1.5 an 2-sarTuliani, 2_4-oTaxiani. saxlis mTavar 

fasadze miSenebulia galerea/aivani, romelSic gare kibea 

CaSenebuli. 

Cven mier 3 sofelSi (barisaxo, qobulo, yorSa) gamokvleul 

iqna, am tipis 19 sacxovrebeli saxli. adgilze Catarebuli 

kvlevisa da fotofiqsaciis SedegebiT miRebuli masalebis 

gamoyenebiT SesaZlebeli gaxda maTi dajgufeba, fizikuri 

mdgomareobis mixedviT, Semdeg qvetipebad: 

1. Semonaxuli _ 16 saxli (saerTo raodenobis 84%); 

2. nawilobriv dangreuli _ 3 saxli (saerTo raodenobis 16%); 

3. dangreuli _ 0%. 

romelTagan: 

a. cxovroben _ 10 saxlSi (saerTo raodenobis 53%); 

b. ar cxovroben – 9 saxlSi (saerTo raodenobis 47%). 

Senobis qveda sarTulze sameurneo saTavsebia (samzareulo, 

sakuWnao da sxva). rig SemTxvevaSi, aqve aris sacxovrebeli 

saTavsebic. am tipis saxlebs bunebrivi ganaTebisTvis didi 

fanjrebi aqvs. oTaxebs buxriT an Tunuqis RumliT aTboben. 

78

saxlebs xSirad brtyeli an Tunuqis orqanobiani gadaxurva aqvs, 

kedlebi wvrili samSeneblo blokiTaa nagebi. 

am tipis saxlis Seswavlam gviCvena, rom e.w. “baruli“ tipis 

saxlis arqiteqturul-gegmarebiT struqturaSi ar aris asaxuli 

mTis regionisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli specifika, reliefis 

sirTuleze, mkacr klimatur pirobebze morgebuli struqtura da 

sxv. 

VI.A unificirebuli e.w. “finuri saxli” _ aris xis saxlebi, 

romlebic XXs-is 90-ian wlebSi aSenda. sof. barisaxo, yorSa, 

roSka, axali Satili (mdinaris gadaRma). nageboba kombinirebuli 

masaliTaa aSenebuli _ cokolis naxevarsarTuli betonisa da 

blokisaa, xolo zeda nawili _ xis ficrebis. I _ sardafis 

sarTuli gamoiyeneba maragis Sesanaxad da sameurneo 

saqmianobisTvis; II sarTuli sacxovreblad; zeda, mansardis 

sarTuli _ sabZelia. 

Cven mier gamokvleul 4 sofelSi (barisaxo, qobulo, yorSa, 

axali Satili (mdinaris gadaRma) am tipis sul 6 saxli 

dafiqsirda, rac xevsureTis sacxovrebeli fondis 10% Seadgens. 

adgilze ganxorcielda TiTeulis Seswavla da fotofiqsacia. 

gamovlinda, rom fizikuri mdgomareobis mixedviT yvela 

sruladaa Semonaxuli da maTgan: 

a. cxovroben _ 4 saxlSi (67 %); 

b. ar cxovroben – 2 saxlSi (33%). 

Catarebuli kvlevebiT gamovlinda is garemoebac, rom, xSirad, 

axali saxlebis gverdiT, vxvdebiT Zvel tradiciulsac, an 

SemorCenil did nawils, romelsac mobinadreebi sameurneo 

saTavsebad iyeneben. maTi umetesi nawili, axal funqciaze 

morgebuli, Zveli tradiciuli (kaloiani) saxlebis, saxeSecvlil 

gamartivebul saxes warmoadgens. 

VII. sacxovrebeli saxlebi, romlebic “xevsureTisTvis 1972_74 ww- 

Si saproeqtoebSi daproeqtebulia, daproeqtda saxelmwifo 

iniciativiT. “saqsaxsoflmSenproeqtSi” avtorTa jgufis (i. 

79

margiSvili, g. mWedliSvili, d. morbedaZe, n. dvali, z. gongaZe) 

mier 1972_1974 ww-Si realizebulia sofel gudansa da SatilSi. 

xevsureTSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis mdgomareobis 

ufro Rrmad Seswavlis mizniT, adgilze detalurad gavecaniT 

am saproeqtoebSi (1972_1974ww.) dagegmarebul saxlebs, maT 

arqiteqturul-gegmarebiT struqturas, aSenebis winapirobas, 

ganxorcielebis istorias da eqspluataciis amJamindel 

mdgomareobasac. 

1970_1971 wlebis saxelmwifo dadgenilebiT (SevardnaZis 

mTavrobis iniciativiT) gaCnda lozungi “mTas davubrunoT 

mTieli”. am periodisTvis, erT-erT mniSvnelovan amocanad 

xevsureTis soflebis ganaxleba-ganaSenianeba iyo dasaxuli. 

imisTvis, rom CamorCenil mTis regionebSi daeCqarebinaT 

ganviTarebis tempebi, maSindeli saqarTvelos respublikis 

centraluri komitetisa da ministrTa sabWos gadawyvetilebiT, 

miiRes dadgenileba (1971w. 16 Tebervali #105 da 1974w. 16 ivlisi 

#450, aseve 1973 wlis 2 marti #107) “mTiani regionebis: 

“xevsureTisa da svaneTis sacxovrebeli da kulturul- 

sayofacxovrebo pirobebis gaumjobesebisaTvis”. 

mniSvnelovania, rom amave wels gamocxada arqiteqturuli 

konkursi, romelic iTvaliswinebda xevsureTis soflebisTvis 

(biso, xaxmati, gudani, Satili) Tanamedrove ganaSenianebis 

proeqtebis Seqmnas rogorc qalaqgegmarebiTi kuTxiT aseve 

ganaSenianebis kompleqsSi Semavali, calkeuli Senobebis 

gegmarebisa da saerTo ieris SemuSavebas. 

rogorc ukve vTqviT, saproeqto institut 

“saqsaxsoflmSenproeqtis” avtorTa jgufis (i. margiSvili, g. 

mWedliSvili, d. morbedaZe, n. dvali, z. gongaZe) mier 1973 w 

damuSavda soflebis _ Satilisa da gudanis ganaSenianebis 

proeqtebi. xolo saqarTvelos politeqnikuri institutis 

saproeqto biuroSi 1972w. da 1974w. avtorTa jgufis (v. daviTaia, 

S. bostanaSvili, m. gugunava) mier damuSavda sofel bisosa da 

xaxmatis ganaSenianebis proeqtebi. yvela zemoxsenebuli proeqti 

80

zedmiwevniT iTvaliswinebda regionis specifikur 

TaviseburebaTa kompleqss. 

Satilisa da gudanis ganaSenianeba ganxorcielda am 

proeqtebis mixedviT, xolo sofel bisosa da xaxmatis 

ganaSenianebis proeqtebi, rigi mizezebis gamo, ar ganxorcielda. 

saproeqto institut “saqsaxsoflmSenproeqtsa” da spi-s 

saproeqto biuroSi xevsureTis soflebis ganaSenianebisTvis 

SemuSavda erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebuli sacxovrebeli saxlis 4 

tipi, rogorc gare iersaxiT, aseve Siga sivrciTi organizaciiT. 

arqiteqtorebma SeinarCunes xevsuruli “kaloiani saxlis” 

saTavsTa sam sarTulze terasulad ganawilebis tradiciuli 

sqema, sadac I sarTuli Zveleburad eTmoboda bosels, Sua II 

sarTuli _ sacxovrebel da sastumro oTaxebs, zeda III 

sarTulze ki sxvadasxva saxis sameurneo inventaris da 

marcvleulis Sesanaxi saTavsi iqneboda ganlagebuli. saxls 

hqonda Siga ezo sazafxulo samzareuloTi da sameurneo 

daniSnulebis saTavsebiT, maT Soris tradiciuli e.w. “sene”(rZis 

produqtis Sesanaxi saTavsi), TiToeuli saxlisTvis aseve 

gankuTvnili iyo didi sameurneo ezo. 

proeqtSi gamoyenebuli iyo “bankaloiani saxlis” “darifanis” 

sistemac, rac gulisxmobs pirvel sarTulze svetebze 

dayrdnobil Ria, nawilobriv gadmoxurul, wina sivrces. gaCnda 

axali elementebic, kerZod vertikalurad dadgmuli pilonebi. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom tradiciul “kaloian saxlSi” iyo 

mTlianad fiqali qvis, mzidkedlebiani 80_100sm sisqis 

struqtura, axal SenobebSi ki fiqali kedlis dekoratiuli 

mopirkeTebisTvis iyo gamoyenebuli. kedlebi Sendeboda betonis, 

blokisa da armaturisgan, saxuravi kramitiT iyo mowyobili. 

arqiteqtorebis mier, xevsureTis soflebisaTvis saxlebis 

daproeqtebisas, gaTvaliswinebuli iyo regionisTvis 

damaxasiaTebel TaviseburebaTa kompleqsi, kerZod: 

adgilobrivi bunebriv-klimaturi pirobebis Tavisebureba; 

landSaftis specifika; 

81

saqarTvelos mocemuli mTiani regionisTvis saxasiaTo 

sacxovrebeli ganaSenianebis Tavisebureba; 

sacxovrebeli saxlebis tradiciuli gegmarebiTi struqtura; 

mosapirkeTebel samuSaoebSi adgilobrivi fiqali qvis 

gamoyeneba. 

udavoa, rom im dros am saxlebSi, ra Tqma unda, ver iqneboda 

gaTvaliswinebuli, sadReisod sruliad axali iseTi SeTavazeba, 

rogoricaa regionis turistul-rekreaciuli resursis 

gamoyenebis saSualeba da saTanado turistuli infrastruqturis 

SeqmnisaTvis sacxovrebeli fondis CarTvis SesaZlebloba _ 

saojaxo sastumroebis saxiT. aq mTavaria is, rom xevsureTis 

sinamdvileSi pirvelad gamoCnda, specifikuri tipologiisa da 

qalaqgegmarebiTi aspeqtebis gaTvaliswinebis safuZvelze, 

arqiteqtorebis mier daproeqtebuli Senobebi. 

marTalia, es saxlebi saxelmwifos xarjiT aSenda da miznad 

isaxavda mkvidri mosaxleobis dabrunebas, magram barSi ukve 

met-naklebad adaptirebuli xevsurebi mTaSi ar dabrunebulan. 

sagulisxmoa, rom dReisTvis am mxriv SeiniSneba gamococxleba 

Satilsa da gudanSi. Satilis msgavsad, aq, 1972-1974 wlebSi 

aSenebul saxlebSi, aris saojaxo tipis sastumroebis mowyobis 

mcdeloba. 

amJamad, Satilis mTeli sacxovrebli fondis daaxloebiT 40% 

moicavs axali Satilis zemoxsenebuli tipis saxlebi, xolo sof. 

gudanSi aseTi saxlebi mTeli ganaSenianebis 90% Seadgens. 

am saxlebSi SenarCunebulia normaluri sacxovrebeli 

pirobebi da umetes nawilSi, sezonurad cxovrobs mkvidri 

mosaxleoba. maTgan yvela Semonaxulia. fot. # 

sof. SatilSi: a. cxovroben _ am saxlebis 95%-Si; 

b. ar cxovroben _ am saxlebis 5%-Si. 

sof. gudanSi: a. cxovroben _ am saxlebis 70%-Si; 

b. ar cxovroben _ am saxlebis 30%-Si. 

VIII. XX s-is dasasruls dawyebuli da dausrulebeli axali 

tipis saxli, kidev erTi nairsaxeobaa. xevsureTis 4 Seswavlil 

82

sofelSi (barisaxo, qobulo, yorSa, axali Satili (mdinaris 

gadaRma) aseTi 5 saxlia, rac mTeli sacxovrebeli fondis 

daaxloebiT 7% Seadgens. am saxlebis mSenebloba wamowyebuli 

iyo kerZo mesakuTreTa mier da maTi damTavreba, ganviTarebuli 

movlenebis gamo, Tavisi mwiri ekonomikuri SesaZleblobiT 

mosaxlem ver moaxerxa. 

daskvna. zemoT ganxiluli masalidan gamomdinare, SegviZlia 

davaskvnaT, rom xevsureTis regionSi amJamad arsebuli 

sacxovrebeli saxlebi SesaZlebelia daiyos rva gansxvavebul 

tipad, romelTagan nawili warmoadgens Zvel tradiciul 

xevsurul sacxovriss (koSkebi, “qviTkiri”, “bankaloiani” da 

“fSauri” (sabZluri) saxlebi). isini TavianTi gegmarebiTi 

struqturiT organuladaa morgebuli regionisTvis 

damaxasiaTebel, bunebriv-klimatur Tu sameurneo pirobebs, xolo 

nawili SedarebiT axalia (baruli e.w. finuri da a.S.), 

gadmotanilia sxva regionebidan da naklebadaa adaptirebuli 

konkretuli regionis TaviseburebaTa kompleqsis mimarT 

83

sqema 2. regionSi arsebuli saxlebis tipebi. 

(2010 wlisTvis maTi fizikuri mdgomareobis, amJamad gamoyenebulia Tu 

ara sacxovreblad da eqspluataciis pirobebis mixedviT) 

sakiTxis ufro Rrmad Seswavlis mizniT, adgilze 

gamovikvlieT sof. Satilis Zvel istoriul nawilSi 

restavrirebuli Senobebis, eqspluataciis dros gamovlenili, 

dadebiTi Tu uaryofiTi Sedegebi. 

davadgineT, rom SatilSi turistTa ganTavsebisaTvis 

gamoiyeneba ara marto sacxovrebeli saxlebi, aramed xevsureTis 

84

Zvel, istoriul zonaSi arsebuli sagvareulo koSkebic, 

romelTa nawilSi ojaxuri sastumroa mowyobili. 

aRmoCnda, rom Satilis koSkebis, saxelmwifo programiT 

axlaxan ganxorcielebuli, restavraciis Semdeg mosaxleTa mier 

moxda maTi TviTneburi gadakeTeba-adaptacia, Sesrulda Siga 

samuSaoebi, romelTa Sedegebi namdvilad ar Seesabameba koSkebis 

tradiciul iers. bevr interierSi sveli wertilebi mopirkeTda 

feradi, qimiuri feris kafeliT, gailesa unikaluri qvis wyoba. 

koSkebis interierebi adgilobriv araprofesional mosaxleTa 

gemovnebiT moewyo, ramac sagrZnoblad daarRvia am istoriuli 

da arqiteqturuli Zeglis Siga sivrceebis saxe. 

teqnologiuradac bevri lafsusia. mag., koSkebis gadaxurvisTvis 

gamoyenebul iqna bitumisa da asfaltis fena, romelic garda 

imisa, rom araa funqciurad srulyofili, verc klimatur 

pirobebs gauZlo da male gamovida mwyobridan. 

garda koSkebisa, Cven SeviswavleT zogadad xevsureTis 

sacxovrebeli fondSi Semavali danarCeni tipis Senobebis 

eqspluataciis pirobebic. gamomJRavnda Semdegi faqtebi: 

imisTvis, rom arsebuli Senobebis saojaxo tipis sastumroebad 

adaptireba moxerxebuliyo, mosaxleobam wamoiwyo sacxovrebeli 

saxlebis daugegmavi, kustarulad gadakeTebis procesi, rac 

sxvadasxva tipis daSeneba-miSenebisa da gadakeTebis xarjze 

xorcieldeboda. gamoiWra axali kar-fanjrebi, Seimina Zveli 

tradiciuli saxlebis kedlebSi Catanebuli e.w. saTofurebi, 

gayvanil iqna axali sakvamurebi da a.S. 

amas garda, naklovanebad iTvleba isic, rom aRar gamoiyeneba 

xalxuri xuroTmoZRvrebis tradiciuli samSeneblo masala 

(fiqali). am soflebSi xdeba e.w. “qalaquri” tipis saxlebis 

arqiteqturis meqanikuri gadatana, mTis raionebis specifikis 

gauTvaliswineblad. es yvelaferi uaryofiTad aisaxeba 

ganaSenianebis rogorc gare, aseve Siga interieris saxeze. 

85

miuxedavad yvela zemoCamoTvlili faqtorisa, udavod dadebiT 

tendenciad unda iqnes miCneuli is, rac dadginda adgilobrivi 

mosaxleobis gamokiTxviT, kerZod: 

bolo periodSi (igulisxmeba 2006_2011ww.), Zvel TaobasTan 

erTad, axalgazrdebsac gauCndaT mamapapur miwa-wyalze 

dabrunebis garkveuli motivacia da survili, rom mouaron da 

TavianT sasargeblod gamoiyenon sagvareulo saxlebi Tu koSkebi 

da mixedon tradiciul sameurneo saqmianobasac. 

es procesi ganapiroba iman, rom turistuli infrastruqturis 

ganviTarebiT Cndeba realuri dasaqmebisa da Semosavlis wyaro, 

aseve mxaris reabilitaciis imedic. igive mizeziT danarCeni 

xevsureTisTvisac erTgvar imedad Caisaxa mkvidrTa dabrunebis 

perspeqtiva. marTalia, amJamad es mxolod zafxulis sezonSia 

SesaZlebeli, magram regions zamTris sezonis turebis CarTvis 

resursic gaaCnia, rac damatebiT perspeqtivas iZleva. 

aseve CavatareT interviu (3 sofelSi, 7 mcxovrebTan), risi 

saSualebiTac gavecaniT maT saxlebSi turistTa ganTavsebisas 

warmoqmnil problemebs. 

gamokiTxulTa umetesoba (90%), romelic CarTulia vizitorTa 

momsaxurebis saqmianobaSi aRniSnavs, rom turistuli sezonis 

ganmavlobaSi, erT saxlSi turistebisa da mcxovrebTa 

erTdrouli ganTavsebisas, aucilebeli xdeba maTi saZinebeli 

adgilebis gadaadgileba, yoveldRiuri, yofiTi procesebis, 

saojaxo-sameurneo saqmianobis SezRudva an saxecvlileba, rac 

orive mxarisaTvis garkveul diskomforts qmnis. 

samomavlod, realuri motivaciis arsebobisas, mkvidri 

mosaxleebis istoriul miwa-wyalze dabrunebis sakiTxis 

gasarkvevad, Satilis 9 mosaxlesTan intervius Catarebisas 

davadgineT, rom mkvidr mosaxleTa umciresoba (20%) mudmivad aq 

cxovrobs, xolo 80% sacxovreblad mxolod sezonurad modis. 

amave motiviT TbilisSi gamovikiTxeT 30-mde, warmoSobiT 

xevsuri moqalaqe. sayuradReboa, rom gamokiTxulTa TiTqmis 

naxevars (40%), samuSao adgilisa da materialuri Semosavlis 

86

arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, survili aqvs mudmivad icxovros 

mamapapur adgilebSi. isini mentalurad, jer kidev Tavis miwa- 

wyalTan arian dakavSirebulni, Sesabamisad, aqvT dabrunebis, 

kidev erTi, metad mniSvnelovani motivacia. es gasaTvaliswi- 

nebeli faqtia. sakiTxi drouladaa mosagvarebeli, radgan 

TandaTan am Taobis adamianTa ricxvi nel-nela mcirdeba. 

sayuradReboa aseve, rom gamokiTxulTa 15% elodeba 

sakomunikacio infrastruqturis SedarebiT ukeT ganviTarebas da, 

Sesabamisi pirobis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, SesaZleblad miaCnia 

dabrunebaze fiqri. 

gamokiTxulTa 20% Tumca ukmayofiloa, rom maTi soflis 

pirvandeli saxe da suli ikargeba, magram is sezonurad mainc 

icxovrebda aq. 

gamokiTxulTa mxolod 20%, miuxedavad axali SeTavazebisa, ar 

fiqrobs aq dabrunebas. 

gamokiTxulTa 5%-s ar ufiqria am sakiTxze da ar aqvs 

mosazreba. 

aris gamokiTxulTa kidev erTi, kategoria: warmoSobiT 

araxevsuri (sul 19 adamiani). aqedan axalgazrda (20_30w) – 4(21%), 

saSualo asakis _10 (53%), saSualo asaks gadacilebuli – 5-ma 

(26%) aRniSna, rom siamovnebiT dasaxldeba iq da am regionis 

resurss gamoiyenebs, 6-ma (32%) nakveTis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi 

moisurva saxlis aSeneba da iq sezonurad cxovreba. darCenil 5- 

ma (26%) Tavi Seikava, 2-s (11%) ar gamouTqvams xevsureTSi 

dabrunebis survili. 

daskvna: gamokvlevis SedegebiT Cans, rom regionis 

mxardasaWerad saxelmwifosaA Tu sxva jgufebis iniciativebi da 

qmediTi nabijebi warmatebul Sedegs iZleva da regionSi 

mosaxleobis mxridan jerjerobiT mcire ricxvis, magram mainc 

dabrunebis precedents qmnis. 

aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom am mimarTulebiT, xevsureTis 

darCenil did nawilze SesamCnevi Zvrebi ar SeiniSneba. 

87

unda aRiniSnos, rom kvlevisaTvis saWiro informaciis didi 

nawili, mowodebulia xevsuri eTnograf iv. wiklauris, 

arqiteqtor S. bostanaSvilis, adgilze arqiteqtor vaJa 

WinWaraulisa da xevsureTis mkvidri mosaxle, mxatvar- 

fotoxelovan SoTa wiklauris mier 2009-2010 wlebSi). 

daskvna 1. zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare mTis soflebSi 

mosaxleobis mxridan, rigi mizezebis gamo, mTis regionis 

specifikis gauTvaliswineblad mimdinareobs saxlebis 

TviTneburi mSenebloba-adaptirebis procesi, es isedac 

savalalo mdgomareobaSi myofi, istoriuli-eTnografiuli 

ganaSenianebis kidev ufro aqtiur gauferulebasa da rRvevas 

iwvevs, amitom aRniSnuli sakiTxi profesiul doneze Seswavla- 

damuSavebas da swraf reagirebas moiTxovs. 

2. yovelive es saSualebas gvaZlevs davaskvnaT, rom 

turistebis ganTavsebisa da maTi saTanado momsaxurebiT 

uzrunvelyofis mizniT, aucilebelia regionSi arsebuli 

sacxovrebeli fondis adaptireba an /da garemoze kargad 

morgebuli, saTanado funqciuri datvirTvaze gaTvlili, axali 

sacxovreblebis daproeqteba, rac sxva dadebiT movlenebTan 

erTad udavod Seuwyobs xels mTaSi mkvidri mosaxlis (da ara 

marto mkvidris) dabrunebis da sabolood, rac metad mTavaria, 

adgilobrivi mosaxleobis damagrebis processac. 

2.3 tradiciuli xevsuruli sacxovrisis formirebis Seswavlaanalizi 

samomavlo miznebisTvis saWirod miviCnieT Rrmad Segveswavla 

xevsureTis tradiciuli sacxovrisis arqiteqturuli garemos da 

tipologiis formirebis sakiTxi. aRniSnuli kvleva 

ganxorcielda literaturuli wyaroebis SeswavliT, ramdenime 

etapad, kerZod: 

pirvel etapze mniSvnelovani iyo Segveswavla saqarTveloSi 

gavrcelebuli tradiciuli saxlis Camoyalibebis gzebi; 

tradiciuli sacxovrisis arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi struqturis 

88

am saxiT Camoyalibebis winapirobebi da mis formirebaze moqmedi 

ZiriTadi faqtorebi. 

meore etapze SeviswavleT XX saukunis 20-ian wlebamde 

moRweuli qarTuli tradiciuli sacxovrisis tipologiuri 

klasifikacia aSenebis periodis mixedviT; maTi Taviseburebebi, 

sivrciT-gegmarebiTi struqtura da sxv. 

mesame etapze ufro detalurad SeviswavleT saqarTvelos 

mTian regionSi, kerZod xevsureTSi arsebuli tradiciuli 

sacxovrisis genezisi, tipologiuri Taviseburebebi, garemo, 

landSafti da sxva. 

ufro siRrmiseulad gavecaniT xevsuruli “bankaloiani” 

saxlis daniSnulebas, sivrciT-gegmarebiT struqturas, 

gamoyenebul samSeneblo masalas, ganaSenianebis Taviseburebebs 

da gavrcelebis areals. 

saqarTveloSi tradiciuli sacxovrisis Camoyalibebisa da 

ganviTarebis gzebi 

saqarTvelo arqiteqturuli ZeglebiT mdidari qveyanaa. 

flobda ra xuroTmoZRvrebis uZveles tradiciebs, mravali 

saukunis manZilze aq bevri msoflio mniSvnelobis arqiteqturis 

unikaluri nimuSi Seiqmna. 

uZvelesi ucxoeli avtorebi Hherodote [26] (484-425 Zv. a.), 

qsenofonte (berZeni mwerali, istorikosi, aTenis mxedarTmTavari 

da politikuri moRvawe (ara ugvianes 444-356 Zv. a.) [27] 

istorikosi da geografi straboni (daaxl. 64/63 Zv. a. 23/24 ax. a.) 

[28], romaeli arqiteqtori, inJineri, arqiteqturis Teoretikosi 

vitruviusi[29], (Zv. a. I saukunis II naxevari). romaul da berZnul 

literaturul wyaroebSi araerTxel saqarTvelos ixseniebdnen, 

rogorc saxelmwifos, romelTanac maT qveynebs savaWro, 

kulturuli, Tu politikuri kavSiri hqondaT. es avtorebi 

TavianT naSromebSi[30], saqarTvelos qalaqebis sacxovrebeli da 

koSkuri nagebobebis organizaciis sakiTxebsac mimoixilavdnen. 

89

kerZod, qsenofonte (Tavis “anabazisSi”) aRwers miwaSi 

mowyobil tradiciul qarTul sacxovriss WerSi gamoWrili zeda 

ganaTebiT, romelsac g. CubinaSvili aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi 

dRemde Cvenamde moRweul darbazuli tipis sacxovrebel 

saxlebTan e.w. dem Ursprung[31], -Tan akavSirebda. 

vitruviusi[32],antikuri periodis arqiteqturul traqtatSi 

“aTi wigni arqiteqturis Sesaxeb” I tomSi werda, rom 

saqarTvelos mosaxleoba cxovrobda xis koSkur nagebobebSi da 

dawvrilebiT aRwerda am mravalsarTulian koSkebs. 

istoriuli ryevebis Sedegad uamravi uZvelesi qarTuli 

arqiteqturuli Zegli daingra. yvelaze metad ki samoqalaqo 

daniSnulebis nagebobebi dazaralda. Tumca mtrisgan 

gadarCenili Zveli samSeneblo teqnikiTa da xerxebiT aSenebuli 

nagebobebi saocrad mdgradi aRmoCnda da droTa svlas gauZlo. 

klimaturi Tu sxva faqtorebis gavleniT TiTqos maTi bunebrivi 

konservacia moxda, amitomac aris, rom uZvelesi qarTuli saero 

arqiteqturis nimuSebis mcire, magram saintereso nawilma, 

dRemde moaRwia. swored wina saukuneebSi nagebi da dRemde 

moRweuli sacxovrebeli Senobebis nimuSebis SeswavliTa da 

analiziT xdeba SesaZlebeli maTze msjeloba. 

tradiciuli sacxovrisis arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi struqturis 

formirebaze moqmedi ZiriTadi faqtorebi da pirobebi 

rogorc zemoT iTqva, tradiciuli sacxovreblis sivrciT- 

gegmarebiT struqturis Camoyalibebaze mravalricxovani faqtori 

axdens gavlenas, romlebic SeiZleba xuT ZiriTad faqtorad 

Camoyalibdes: 

I. bunebriv-klimaturi pirobebi; 

II. adgilobrivi saSeni masalis Tavisebureba; 

III. sazogadoebis socialuri struqtura. ojaxis struqtura; 

IV. ekonomikuri pirobebi da teqnikis ganviTarebis done; 

V. kulturuli memkvidreobis xasiaTi, romelic saukuneebis 

manZilze yalibdeba. 

90

I. bunebriv-klimaturi pirobebi sacxovrisis arqiteqturul- 

gegmarebiTi struqturis formirebaze gavlenas axdens Semdegi 

movlenebidan gamomdinare: 

1) mosaxlis sameurneo aqtivobis nairsaxeoba; 

2) naleqianobis maCvenebeli; 

3) temperaturuli reJimi; 

4) reliefis xasiaTi. 

1) mosaxlis sameurneo aqtivobis saxeoba 

sacxovrisis saboloo arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi struqtura 

damokidebulia saxlis funqciur daniSnulebasa da Sinaarsze. 

saqarTvelos dablob regionebSi glexi miwaTmoqmedia, amitom 

sacxovrebeli unda Seicavdes beRels, marans, kalos da a.S. 

mTis sacxovrisi Seicavs saqonlis samyofs, saqonlis zamTris 

sakvebi maragis da rZisgan miRebuli produqtebis dasabinavebel 

saTavsebs. 

2) naleqianobis maCvenebeli mocemul teritoriaze 

tenianobis maCvenebeli gansazRvravs sacxovrebeli Senobis 

saxuravis formas, xasiaTs da konstruqcias. 

aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mSral klimatSi gadaxurva miwisaa, 

brtyeli an TiTqmis brtyeli. 

dasavleT saqarTvelos Warbnaleqianobis pirobebSi ki 

saxuravi aris or an oTxqanobiani da sakmaod damreci. 

adreul etapze, rodesac sacxovreblis saxuravi igive Wers 

warmoadgenda interieris sivrciT-moculobiT xasiaTsac 

gansazRvravda. 

3) temperaturuli reJimi da klimatis xasiaTi 

rbili Tu mkacri, gansazRvravs Senobis qveda nawilis gare 

Semomfargvleli konstruqciisTvis samSeneblo masalis SerCevasa 

da kedlebis sisqes. mkacri klimatur pirobebSi gamoiyeneba qva, 

aguri, xis morebi da sxva. rbil klimatSi kedlebi ficrisganaa 

nagebi an dawnulia. 

91

4) reliefis xasiaTi 

sacxovreblis Ziris _ fuZis xasiaTs reliefi (cicabo, mTiani 

da dablobi) ganszRvravs. 

aRmosavleT da mTiani saqarTvelos borcviani da mTiani 

reliefi iZleoda imis saSualebas, rom saxli nawilobriv 

CaeRrmavebinaT miwaSi, aeSenebinaT safexurebiani _ terasuli 

sacxovrebeli saxlebi (yvela sarTulze ezodan damoukidebeli 

SesasvleliT). 

kolxeTis dablobis nestiani da daWaobebuli niadagi 

odiTganve gansazRvravda msubuqi konstruqciis mqone, xSirad 

ximinjebze Semdgar sacxovrisis saxes. 

II. adgilobrivi samSeneblo masalebis Tavisebureba 

adgilobrivi samSeneblo masalebis xasiaTi da maTi 

damuSavebis meTodi, teqnikis da mecnierebis ganviTarebasTan 

erTobliobaSi, gavlenas axdenda sacxovrebeli saxlis 

arqiteqturul Taviseburebasa da agebis xerxebze, gansazRvravda 

interieris mxatvrul-arqiteqturul saxesac. 

aRmosavleT da mTian saqarTveloSi, ZiriTadad, qvis kedlebi 

Sendeboda xsnariT SeduRabebuli riyis qviT an duRabis gareSe 

fiqaliT. interierSi plastikuri formebis mqone kurvaturebia, 

samcxe-javaxeTSi ki _ mkacri, geometriul formebi. 

dasavleT saqarTveloSi kedlebSi gamoiyeneba xis masala 

(morebi, ficrebi da dawnuli wneli). 

sayuradsaReboa aseve, rom kavkasionis mTebSi fiqali qvis 

arsebobam da am masalis Tvisebebma gansazRvra aRmosavleT 

kavkasiaSi saxuravis gansakuTrebuli forma da xasiaTi _ 

orqanobianoba, minimaluri daqanebiT, aseve sabrZolo koSkebis 

piramidulsafexurebiani e.w. “siperdiani” gadaxurvis 

ganviTarebac, riTac Camoyalibda unikaluri mxatvrul- 

arqiteqturuli saxis mqone koSki. 

III. sazogadoebis socialuri struqtura 

sazogadoebis socialuri struqtura, maT Soris ojaxis 

demografiuli struqturac, erTi da igive pirobebSi, 

92

ganapirobebs sacxovreblebis moculobis sidides, maT gegmarebiT 

struqturas, keTilmowyobis xarisxsa da arqiteqturul saxes. 

didi ojaxi (ojaxuri Temebi) sacxovreblis ganviTarebis 

garkveul (Zvel) etapze darbazuli tipis saxlis da misi 

sivrciT-gegmarebiTi struqturis Seqmnis ganmsazRvreli iyo. 

SemdgomSi, ojaxuri Temebis mcire ojaxebad daSlis Sedegad, 

icvleba sacxovreblis gegmarebiTi struqturac (baniani saxli 

qarTlsa da gare kaxeTSi), Sesabamisad mcirdeba saxlebis 

zomebic. 

IV. ekonomikuri pirobebi da teqnikis ganviTarebis done 

samSeneblo teqnikis ganviTarebis done damokidebulia 

mocemuli adgilis ekonomikis ganviTarebaze, rac Sesabamisad 

gansazRvravs samSeneblo masalis arCevans da damuSavebis 

xerxebs. 

V. kulturuli memkvidreobis xasiaTi 

kulturuli memkvidreobis xasiaTi Taobebis manZilze 

formirdeba. gansakuTrebuli teqtonikuri struqturebi, 

arqiteqturul-mxatvruli formebi srulyofisaken miiswrafis da 

did gavlenas axdens sacxovrisis arqiteqturuli saxis 

Camoyalibebaze. momavalSi isini xSirad kargavs Tavis 

Tavdapirvel funqciur Tu teqnikur daniSnulebas, magram mainc 

Rirebul kulturul memkvidreobas qmnis. 

zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom 

pirveli ori faqtori _ bunebriv-klimaturi pirobebi da 

adgilobrivi saSeni masalis Tavisebureba, droSi ucvlelad 

axdens zemoqmedebas sacxovreblis tipis Camoyalibebasa da mis 

ganviTarebaze, gansazRvravs mis sivrciT struqturas (magaliTad, 

darbazi _ aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi, sajalabo _ dasavleT 

saqarTveloSi, xolo kaloiani saxli _ mTian saqarTveloSi e.w. 

kavkasionze). 

SegviZlia aseve davaskvnaT, rom iseTi faqtorebi, rogoricaa 

sazogadoebis socialuri struqtura, ojaxis demografiuli 

struqtura, kulturuli memkvidreobis xasiaTi, ekonomikuri 

93

pirobebi da teqnikis ganviTarebis done, droSi saxecvlilebas 

ganicdis da erTi stadiidan meoreze gadasvlisas udavod 

axdens gavlenas sacxovrebeli saxlis arqiteqturuli saxis 

Camoyalibebasa da ganviTarebaze. magaliTad, qarTlsa da gare 

kaxeTSi: ”Zvel”stadiaSi _ darbazi, “gardamaval” stadiaSi _ 

qarTlis baniani saxli da ”axal” stadiaSi _ galereuli tipis 

saxli cokolze, fanjrebiTa da sxveniT. 

mniSvnelovania aseve saxlis ganlagebis cvlileba reliefTan 

mimarTebaSi. “Zveli“ stadiis sacxovrisSi, daqanebuli reliefis 

dros, siRrmeSi ganviTarebuli gegmis SemTxvevaSi, grZivi RerZi 

reliefis horizontis mimarT perpendikularulad iyo 

ganlagebuli, maSin, rodesac igivenairad wagrZelebuli gegmis 

mqone “axali” stadiis galereuli tipis saxlSi saTavsebi da 

aivani keTdeboda saxlis grZeli mimarTulebis gaswvriv, e.i. 

grZeli RerZi Semotrialda 90 0 -iT da reliefze dagegmarebis 

RerZi ukve horizontalis paraleluradaa ganTavsebuli. es 

transformacia gamoiwvia sacxovreblis moculobiT-gegmarebiT 

struqturis cvlilebebma, kerZod meti sacxovrebeli oTaxebis 

gaCenam da sameurneo daniSnulebis saTavsebis calke gamoyofis, 

izolaciis aucileblobam da a. S. [33] sacxovrebel garemoSi 

gamoikveTa zonebi. es yvelaferi ki, ra Tqma unda, Tavis mxriv, 

sruliad axali socialur-ekonomikuri Zvrebis Sedegi iyo. 

aqve aRsaniSnavia, rom sacxovreblis arqiteqturul- 

gegmarebiTi struqturis formirebaze, arc erTi zemoCamoTvlili 

faqtori ar zemoqmedebs damoukideblad, erTimeorisgan 

izolirebulad, isini erTmaneTTan mWidro kavSirSia da 

urTierTqmedebs. magaliTad, sacxovreblis formirebis sawyis 

stadiaze sacxovreblis centrad Suacecxli iqca ara mxolod 

imitom, rom gaTbobis sxva saxeoba ar arsebobda, aramed amas 

socialuri mizezi hqonda. kerZod, is bevrad ukeT pasuxobda 

didi ojaxis moTxovnebs, vidre saqarTveloSi odiTganve 

cnobili buxari, kedelSi datanebuli sakvamuriT. 

94

aqve SegviZlia aRvniSnoT, rom garda zemoT ganxiluli 

faqtorebisa, rogorc arsebuli literaturuli wyaroebis 

Seswavlidan Cans, qarTuli nacionaluri tradiciuli 

sacxovrebeli saxlis moculobiT-gegmarebiTi struqturis 

ganviTarebaSi gadamwyveti roli eniWeboda iseT damatebiT, 

magram mniSvnelovan faqtorebs, rogoricaa gaTbobis sistemis 

mowyoba (Sua cecxli, buxari, kera da sxva), bunebrivi ganaTebis 

organizeba (Sukumebi, sakomi, sarkmeli, karis Riobi da sxva) 

saxuravis konstruireba (brtyeli, baniani, erTqanobiani, 

orqanobiani, mrgvali, piramidulsafexurebiani, sayrdeniani 

darbazuli gadaxurva) da sxva. 

qarTuli tradiciuli sacxovrisi, misi tipologia 

tradiciuli sacxovrisis tipologiis Seswavlis mizniT 

gavecaniT mkvlevarTa naSromebs, kerZod profesor g. yifianis 

naSroms ”mesxuri sacxovrisi”, sadac igi ayalibebs sacxovris 

tipologiis ganviTarebis, genezisis ZiriTad aspeqtebs “ama Tu im 

regionis kuTvnileba qveynisa da misi kulturuli arealisadmi, 

yvelaze metad arqiteqturuli ZegliT cnobierdeba da roca igi 

teritoriidan, Tavisi warmomSobi mxridan qreba, Temic Tavis 

ZiriTad samyaros Sordeba da ZvelisZvel dasaxlebaTa 

gaukacrielebis Seunelebeli procesi iwyeba anu amis erT-erTi 

gamomwvevi mizezi namdvilad adgilze tradiciuli arqiteqturis 

ver SenarCunebaa”. [34] 

...“Tugind moxerxda da SenarCunda monumenturi arqiteqturis 

nimuSebi, aqve Cndeba iseTi azric, rom rodesac turisti am 

mxares, mis arqiteqturul Zeglebs moinaxulebs, SesaZloa 

erTgvari daukmayofileblobis grZnoba da bunebrivi kiTxvac 

gauCndes: monumenturi, saero da sasuliero qmnilebebis gverdiT 

ver naxa is sacxovrebeli sivrce, romelic mkvidri miwaTmoqmedi 

da mesaqonle xalxis mier unda yofiliyo Seqmnili, misi yvela 

gamovlinebiT da rogorc saukeTeso ekologiuri samyaro, 

saukuneebis manZilze rom funqcionirebda. cxadia, am saukuneTa 

95

ganmavlobaSi misi mxatvruli saxe icvleboda. SedarebiT 

srulyofas ganicdida interieric da sxva. udavoa, rom turists 

ebadeba kiTxva sad cxovrobda is xalxi, romelic am garemoSi 

trialebda, ramdenad Seesabameboda maTi sacxovrisi im 

sivrcobriv azrovnebas, rasac sxva ZeglebSi vxedavT da rac am 

garemos moergeboda?” [35] 

sainteresoa is faqti, rom “istoriul provinciaTa sazRvrebi 

mTeli Sua saukuneebis manZilze cvalebadobas ganicdida. aqedan 

gamomdinare, iseTi arqiteqturuli kategoria, rogoric 

sacxovrisia tipologiurad SeuZlebelia romelime erT regionSi 

iyos Caketili da ar scildebodes mis sazRvrebs...” [36] Cven 

SemTxvevaSi, sacxovrisis gavrcelebis es sazRvrebi, daculia da 

ar scildeba mTian teritorias. 

Zvelebur sacxovrebels rac Seexeba, erTi gvaris ramdenime 

ojaxi cxovrobda amgvar saxlebSi da rogorc irkveva, “aseTi 

saxlebi martooden sacxovrisebi ar yofila: maTi konservatiuli 

tipi, nawilobriv uZvelesi rwmena-warmodgenebis samyarosac 

ganapirobebda. imis miuxedavad, rom didi, warsulSi ganuyofeli 

ojaxebi TaobaTa mixedviT calkeul mcire ojaxebad daiSala, 

gvarsa da modgmas es ZvelisZveli saxlebi isev aerTianebda, 

rogorc TavSeyris punqti, gvarTan dakavSirebuli ama Tu im 

TariRis aRsaniSnavad. e.i. arsebobda garkveuli mizidulobis 

Zala. gvaris wminda adgili, sakurTxeveli, kera, rogorc mZlavri 

iaraRi, Temisa Tu soflis daSlis winaRoba. miuxedavad imisa, 

rom es Zeglebi anu sacxovrisebi ar warmoadgens oficialuri 

kultmsaxurebis adgils, SeiZleba iTqvas, maT savsebiT SeiZleba 

sakulto-sazogadoebrivic ewodos. Temi da gvari ukve 

sazogadoebaa, xolo ritualuri saxli kults TavisTavSi 

aucileblad gulisxmobs”. [37] 

aqedan gamomdinare, SeiZleba iTqvas: “uZrav Zegls, Tundac igi 

xalxuri Semoqmedebis nimuSs warmoadgendes, mravalmxrivi 

datvirTva aqvs, maTSi socialuri mxarec igulisxmeba, 

96

ganviTarebis kulturul-istoriuli da SesaZloa politikuri 

procesebic”. [38] 

swored amitom, XX saukunis 60-ian wlebSi, rodesac mecnierebi 

da xuroTmoZRvrebi mixvdnen, rom yvela kuTxis tradiciul 

sacxovriss gadaSeneba uweria Tavis bunebriv garemoSi, gadawyda 

TbilisSi, xalxuri xuroTmoZRvrebis muzeumis Seqmna. idea 

iTvaliswinebda saqarTvelos yvela kuTxidan sacxovrisTa 

unikaluri nimuSebis gadmotanas da erT adgilas Tavmoyras. 

soflebSi unda daSliliyo saintereso nimuSebi da 

transportirebis Semdeg Tavidan awyobiliyo maTTvis winaswar 

SerCeul teritoriaze. aseTia eTnografiuli muzeumi TbilisSi. 

saqarTvelos regionebis mixedviT kargad miedevneba Tvali 

xalxuri arqiteqturis ganviTarebas. rac mTavaria, gadarCa 

Zvirfasi nimuSebi, romelTac adgilebze ganadgureba eloda. 

samwuxarod, xevsuruli tradiciuli saxlis nacvlad 

eTnografiul muzeumSi mxolod misTvis gamoyofili carieli 

adgilia SemorCenili, radgan misi Camotana ver moxerxda. 

Tumca, xuroTmoZRvari guram yifianis azriT...“dRevandeli 

gadasaxedidan aseTi qmedeba erTgvar skefsiss iwvevs: aSkarad 

sasargeblo da saWiro saqmesTan erTad, misi uaryofiTi 

Sedegebic gamoCnda. albaT sjobda, muzeumi sacxovrisTa 

modelebiT Seqmniliyo, xolo originalebi adgilze dagvecva 

da SegvenarCunebina”. [39] 

“kulturuli memkvidreobisadmi miZRvnili ara erTi msoflio 

qartia Tu konvencia, uZravi Zeglis ara Tu gadaadgilebas, 

aramed masSi Carevis elementarul gamovlinebasac ki krZalavs, 

magram Tavis droze qarTuli sabWoTa sazogadoebisTvis, arc es 

konvenciebi iyo cnobili da arc saxelmwifo iTvaliswinebda 

iseT specialur programebs, sadac yvela Zegli individualuri 

midgomisa da dacvis sagani iqneboda, ra Tqma unda, misi 

gansakuTrebuli specifikidan gamomdinare”. [40] 

...”aucilebelia aRiniSnos isic, rom ZvelisZveli sacxovrisi ar 

arsebobs izolirebulad. samuzeumo eqsponatad konteqstis 

97

gareSe qceva mas nawilobriv akargvinebs Zeglis niSnebs, radgan 

igi Zegls warmoadgens mTeli Tavisi infrastruqturiT, 

garemoTi, dasaxlebis ganaSenianebiT, landSaftiT, eklesiebTan, 

simagreebTan, sasoflo moednebTan erTobliobaSi, komunikaciebis 

qseliTa da sxva.”[41] 

qarTuli tradiciuli sacxovreblis ZiriTadi struqturis 

ganviTareba aTaswleulebis manZilze xdeboda. 

mkvlevar-arqiteqtori l. sumbaZis naSromSi “Типология 

грузинского народного жилища” /Tбилиси 2008/ moyvanili qarTuli 

nacionaluri sacxovreblis anazomebisa da maTi aRwerilobis 

Seswavlis safuZvelze SesaZlebeli gaxda gavcnobodiT 

saqarTveloSi XX saukunis 20-ian wlebamde arsebuli 

sacxovrebeli saxlebis tipologias. im droisaTvis mkvlevaris 

xelT arsebuli arqeologiuri kvlevebisa da analizis 

safuZvelze gakeTda saqarTvelos teritoriaze aRmoCenili Zveli 

sacxovreblebis klsifikacia. avtoris mier ganviTarebis es 

grZeli periodi pirobiTad daiyo oTx epoqad: 

1. arqauli - moicavs mraval aTaswleuls paleoliTidan, 

kolxeTsa da iberiaSi, klasobrivi sazogadoebisa da pirveli 

saxelmwifoebriobis Casaxvamde da moicavs Zv. a. VI_V saukuneebs; 

2. uZvelesi - moicavs antikur periods da Suasaukuneebs. Seadgens 

periods Zv. a. IV s. -dan ax. a.-iT XVIIIs-eebis CaTvliT; 

3. kapitalisturi _ XIX_XX saukuneebi, 1921 w-mde; 

4. socialisturi – XXsauk. revoluciis Semdeg; [42] 

1. arqaul periodSi gaerTianebulia: 

gamoqvabulebi da sadgomebi, romlebic arafriT gansxvavdeba 

sxva qveynebSi gavrcelebuli nasaxlarebisgan; 

mrgvali formis gegmarebis mqone gumbaTovani Tixis 

sacxovreblebi, romlebic arsebobda pirvel gaerTianebul 

miwaTmoqmedTa dasaxlebebSi (Zv. a. V_IV aTaswleuli), sadac 

cecxlis kerebi ganTavsebuli iyo ukana kedelze, Sesasvlelis 

pirdapir. gadaxurvis zenitSi ki gakeTebuli iyo gasanaTebeli da 

kvamlis gasasvleli xvreli; 

98

momrgvalebuli, SemdgomSi ki oTkuTxedis formis 

sacxovreblebi, win miSenebuli SemosasvleliT, mTavari oTaxis 

centrSi moTavsebuli CaRrmavebuli TixiT amolesili keriiT, mis 

Tavze WerSi gamoWrili xvreliT _ erdoTi, SuaSi boZiT 

(“dedaboZi”), romelsac eyrdnoba koWovani gadaxurva (Sida 

qarTli, mtkvar-araqsis kultura, Zv. a. III_II saukuneebi); 

TrialeTSi SemorCenili, gegmaze mrgvali formis, megaliTuri 

sacxovreblebi (Zv. a. II aTaswleuli), sadac cecxlis kerebi 

ganTavsebuli iyo ukana kedelze, xolo WerSi mis Tavze _ 

xvreli. 

am mcire raodenobis masalis gacnoba da analizic ki 

saSualebas iZleva gakeTdes daskvnebi imis Sesaxeb, rom jer 

kidev arqaul periodSi qarTuli tomebis winaprebma gamoimuSaves 

sacxovreblis ZiriTadi struqturebi, ramac momavalSi qarTuli 

xalxuri xuroTmoZRvrebis ZiriTad Temebs daudo safuZveli. 

[43] 

2. uZvelesi (Zv. a. IV s-dan XVIIIs-eebis CaTv.) epoqidan cnobilia: 

sacxovreblebi xovles-goraze (Sida qarTli, I aTaswleulis 

Sua periodi), centrSi moTavsebuli keriiT da puris sacxobi 

RumliT ukana kedelze. nasaxlarSi aSkarad SeimCneva adamianisa 

da saqonlis erToblivi cxovrebis niSnebi; 

Suasaukuneebis kompleqsuri sacxovreblebi, romlebic 

Semonaxulia qvemo qarTlis nasaxlarebSi (bolnisis raioni), 

zemo qarTli (borjomis raioni) da Sida qarTli (mcxeTa), maTSi 

didi sacxovrebeli Sua cecxlis mqone 2 _ 4-sayrdeniani 

farTobis garda aris boseli, marani da xSirad mrgvali formis 

gegmarebis mqone, qvis gumbaTiT gadaxuruli samzareuloc. 

ufliscixis, varZiis, vanis qvabebis da sxv. gamoqvabulebi aris 

patara farTobis mqone sacxovreblebi. 

momdevno, aseve uZveles periodSi Seqmnili sacxovreblebia: 

qvis sacxovrebeli _ aRmosavleT da samxreT saqarTveloSi; 

99

saxli _ cixe-koSki, gavrcelebuli kavkasionsa da aRmosavleT 

saqarTveloSi, savaraudod aSenebulia sakmaod adre: XVII da 

XVIII saukuneebSi, xolo erTeulebi _ XVI saukunes ganekuTvneba. 

[44] 

zemoxsenebuli literaturuli masalis Seswavla-analizidan 

gamomdinare unda aRiniSnos, rom momavalSi, Sesabamisi 

arqeologiuri masalis moZiebis safuZvelze, vimedovnebT 

gaCndeba ufro meti saSualeba, raTa dazustdes da ufro 

detalurad daiyos saqarTveloSi sacxovreblis ganviTarebis 

arqauli da uZvelesi periodebi. aseve dazustdes da cal-calke 

tipebad daiyos im periodis is sacxovreblebi, romelnic 

lokalizebulia saqarTvelos calkeul regionebSi. 

3. mesame periods revoluciamdeli, XIX da XX saukunis 

(1921wlamde) sacxovrebeli saxlebi ganekuTvneba, romlebic 

gavrcelebuli iyo dasavleT, aRmosavleT da mTian 

saqarTveloSi. 

sacxovreblis tipebis SedarebiTi analizi gansxvavebul 

istoriul-eTnografiul raionebSi gviCvenebs, rom tipologiuri 

maxasiaTeblebi yalibdeba mocemuli adgilis pirobebSi. am 

pirobebis nairferoba ki, Tavis mxriv, ayalibebs qveyanaSi 

sacxovreblis tipebis aseT mravalferovnebas. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom “TiTeul regionSi lokalurad, aSkarad 

saxezea droSi ganviTarebis ori ZiriTadi stadia: “Zveli” da 

“axali”. mTel rig regionebSi ki maT Soris e.w. “gardamavali” 

safexuric ikveTeba. am stadiam yvelgan ver moaswro 

Camoyalibebuli saxis miReba”. [45] 

mkvlevar-arqiteqtor l. sumbaZis mier, sacxovrebeli saxlebis 

zemoT ganxiluli klasifikaciis garda, isini dajgufebulia 

samxareo da regionalur donezec. (ix. nax. 4.) tipologiurad 

gamoyofilia e.w. “dasavluri”, “kavkasionis” da “aRmosavluri” 

saxlebis tipebi. 

sainteresoa, rom qarTuli nacionaluri sacxovreblis 

tipologiis, misi ganviTarebisa da Camoyalibebis sami ZiriTadi 

100

stadiis safexurebis gamovlena moxda qarTlis saxlebis 

magaliTze, radgan aq revoluciamdeli periodis saxlebSi 

gansakuTrebiT mkveTrad mJRavndeba samive stadiisTvis 

damaxasiaTebeli niSnebi: 

I. darbazi. _ e.w. “Zveli” stadia. 

II. baniani saxli (qarTlis) brtyeli saxuraviT _ e.w. 

“gardamavali” stadia. 

III.galereuli saxli, aivniT, fanjrebiT da sxveniT - e.w. “axali” 

stadia. 

I - “Zveli” stadiis saxlis tips /darbazi/ aqvs ZiriTadi 

damaxasiaTebeli tipologiuri niSnebi, kerZod: 

1. didi 3 _ 4 Taobis sacxovreblad gankuTvnili, daunawevrebeli 

sacxovrebeli farTobi; 

2. mwiri dRis ganaTeba, romelic umetesad mowyobi- 

liaAgadaxurvaSi gakeTebuli xvrelidan, romelic SuaSi 

moTavsebuli keriis kvamlis saTavsidan gayvanasac 

uzrunvelyofda; 

3. miwis iataki (soxani); 

4. dagegmarebis siRrmiseuli ganviTareba. 

5. Zalian sqeli (TiTqmis kedlis sisqis mqone) erTfrTiani kari, 

dabali aveji (tabla, taxti). avejis Sesabamisi iyo 

sayofacxovrebo procesebis dabali horizontic; 

6. saxli naxevramde iyo miwaSi CaRrmavebuli; 

7. konstruqciuli xis nawilebi muSavdeboda najaxiT (e.w. 

xeleCoTi), xerxis gareSe; 

8. miwis saxuravi (bani), mowyobilia oTxive mimarTulebiT mcire 

daqanebiT; 

9. sxveni, saxuravTan erTad, erT moculobas warmoadgens da 

Siga sacxovrebeli sivrcisgan WeriT araa gamoyofili; 

10. kedlebi qvisaa da Zalian sqelia, Rrma niSebiT. [46] 

ganviTarebis “Zvel” stadiaze, sacxovreblebSi sWarbobs 

TavdacviTi funqcebi. kavkasionis mTeli masStabiT 

gavrcelebulia saxli _ cixe-koSki da Crdilo-aRmosavleT mTian 

101

saqarTveloSic is TavdacviT funqcias iTavsebs, rac 

gansazRvravs sacxovreblis arqiteqturuli gadawyvetis 

Taviseburebasac. 

Zveli stadiis saxlebSi, qarTl-kaxeTis darbazis garda, 

yvelgan gamoiyeneboda saqonlisgan miRebuli bunebrivi siTbo, 

amitom cxovelebs ganaTavsebdnen sacxovrebel sivrceSi, mis 

gverdSi an mis qveS. [47] 

aRsaniSnavi da Cveni kvlevisTvis erTob sayuradReboa, rom 

SuasaukuneebSi Seqmnili sacxovrebeli saxlebidan, swored e.w. 

“Zveli”/darbazuli/ tipis niSnebis analogiebi gvxvdeba 

saqarTvelos mTian regionebSi da maT Soris xevsureTSi. 

Zveli stadiidan “gardamavalze” (aRmosavleTis baniani saxli) 

gadasvlisas moxda saxlis sacxovrebeli farTobis Semcireba, 

radgan didi, patriarqaluri ojaxebi daiSala ufro mcire 

ojaxebad. Sedegad Semcirda saxlis dagegmarebis siRrmiTi 

ganviTareba; sammaliani konstruqcia ormalianma, Ria Sua cecxli 

ki _ kedlis buxarma Secvala. buxari iatakis donidan zemoT 

aiwia; zeda ganaTeba erdodan Secvala Sesasvlelis mxares 

moTavsebuli gverdiTa vertikaluri fanjrebis ganaTebam. isini 

jer kidev ar iyo Seminuli, alaTebze daWimuli iyo 

gasanTluli qaRaldi, aseve xaris an cxvris Sardis buSti. 

mocemul regionebSi am stadiis saxlebi modernizebulia da 

maT emateba axali, Seminuli saTavsebi, ficris WeriTa da 

iatakiT, buxriT an rkinis RumliT. ufro upriani iqneba am tips 

ewodos “Sereuli”. 

zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom 

rogorc “Zveli”, aseve “gardamavali” stadiis saxovreblis 

maxasiaTeblebis SedarebiT gamoCnda, rom orive stadiaze, 

saxlebs aqvs saerTo niSnebi. aRsaniSnavia, rom “gardamaval” 

stadiaze SemorCenilia rogorc Zveli niSnebi, aseve “axali” 

maxasiaTeblebic. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom “gardamavali” tipis 

sacxovrebeli saxlebi, ZiriTadad, miRebulia e.w.“Zveli” tipis 

saxlebis rekonstruqciT. 

102

am dros ukve, paralelurad rogorc saqarTvelos aRmosavleT, 

aseve centralur nawilSi yalibdeba da farTod vrceldeba 

“axali” stadiis damaxasiaTebeli sacxovreblis tipi e.w. 

“galereuli saxli”. 

“axal” stadiaze gadasvlisas ikargeba, gardamaval periodSi 

jer kidev SemorCenili, Zveli tipis saxlis niSnebi da 

sacxovrebeli saxli iZens sruliad axal moculobiT-gegmarebiT 

stuqturas _ erTsarTuliani saxli aweulia miwidan maRal 

cokolze. aseve, xSirad saxli 1.5 an 2-sarTuliania; 

1. daniSnulebis mixedviT aqvs vertikaluri zonirebiT difere- 

ncirebuli ganviTarebuli sacxovrebeli sivrce ramdenime 

oTaxiT. ufro xSirad, zeda sarTuli sacxovrebelia, qveda ki _ 

sameurneo; 

2. aivani ganieria, moajiri mohyveba mTeli fasadis gaswvriv; 

3. saTavsebi erTmaliania, romelTa gadaxurva sayrdenebis 

(dedaboZis) gareSea mowyobili; 

4. saxuravi orqanobiania da Tixis kramitiT ewyoba. sxveni 

saTavsisagan gamoyofilia horizontaluri WeriT; 

5. gaTboba xdeba kedlis buxriT an rkinis RumliT; 

6. ganaTeba xdeba didi da Seminuli fanjrebidan; 

7. Weri da iataki ficrisaa. 

am periodis sacxovreblis formebis analizisas ar 

SevxebivarT or iseT mniSvnelovan Temas, rogoricaa saxlis 

TavdacviTi funqcia, romelmac am droisTvis ukve dakarga Tavisi 

mniSvneloba da saqonlis sadgomi, romelic am periodisTvis ukve 

gamoeyo ZiriTad sacxovrebel Senobas. 

rogorc aRniSnuli literaturis ESeswavlam gviCvena, momdevno 

e.w. kapitalistur epoqaSi Seqmnili saxlebic, Tavisi niSan- 

TvisebebiT e.w. “gardamaval” da “axal” tipebs ganekuTvneba da 

Seicavs CvenTvis met-naklebad saintereso masalas. 

4. sainteresoa socialisturi periodis sacxovreblis 

arqiteqtura, radgan am periodSi aSenebuli saxlebis 

garkveulwilad rekonstruqcia-adaptacia, Cveni Temis ganxilvis 

103

sagans warmoadgens. am sakiTxze detalurad amave paragrafis 

boloSi SevCerdebiT. 

daskvna. naTelia, rom sacxovrisis ganviTarebisa da 

Camoyalibebisas saxezea procesis uwyvetoba, xuroTmoZRvruli 

xelovnebis ZiriTadi kategoriebis (sistemebis) ganviTarebis 

Tanamimdevroba. Cans, rom isini gamomuSavda jer kidev uZveles 

droSi da dRemde moaRwia teqnikurad, funqciurad da 

mxatvrul-esTetikurad srulyofili, nacionaluri, saero 

xuroTmoZRvrebis nimuSebis saxiT. 

xevsuruli sacxovrisi (genezisi, tipologia, garemo, landSafti) 

sakiTxis ukeT Seswavlis mizniT, Cven mier literaturuli 

wyaroebis gacnobisa da Seswavlis Semdeg, erT-erT mniSvnelovan 

amocanad miCneul iqna adgilze Catarebuliyo naturaluri 

dakvirvebebi, xevsureTis regionSi gavrcelebuli tradiciuli 

sacxovrisis tipologiis, maTi formirebisa Tu ganviTarebis 

gzebis winapirobebis, garemos, sivrciT-gegmarebiTi struqturis, 

ganaSenianebis Taviseburebisa da misi gavrcelebis arealebis 

gasacnobad. 

Cven mier detalurad Seswavlil da gaanalizebul iqna 

xevsuruli e.w. “bankaloiani” saxli, Tavisi Siga, gare, sivrciT- 

moculobiTi struqturiT, daniSnulebiTa da sxva maxasiaTeb- 

lebiT. 

”bankaloiani” saxli Tavisi struqturiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom 

aris landSaftis daurRvevlobac da misi gacocxlebac, 

bunebrivis msgavsi formebiT, rac arqiteqturis pirveli 

ZiriTadi moTxovnis anu Siga sivrcisa da gare samyaros 

harmoniuli da logikuri urTierTobis ganxorcielebas 

gulisxmobs. 

adgilze SeviswavleT ”bankaloiani” saxlebi maTi amJamindeli 

fizikuri mdgomareobis mixedviT. 

104

sakiTxis SeswavliT gamoikveTa, rom xevsureTis soflebis 

ganlageba reliefze mkacrad eqvemdebareba funqciur da 

esTetikur moTxovnilebebs, rac imaSi gamoixateba, rom: 

1. adgilobrivi menaSenis mier winaswar gaazrebuli iyo Senobis 

strategiulad xelsayreli mdebareoba, saxlebi gareSe 

mtrebisgan Tavdavis mizniT Znelad misadgom kldovan 

adgilebSi Sendeboda; 

2. gaTvaliswinebuli iyo garemo pirobebis racionaluri 

gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba, amitom mSeneblobebisaTvis 

saZovrebiT mdidari, platos maxloblad mdebare adgilebi 

SeirCeoda; 

3. gaTvaliswinebuli iyo mocemul teritoriaze gavrcelebuli 

ZiriTadi samSeneblo masalis _ fiqlis qviT advilad 

momaragebis SesaZlebloba. 

xelsayreli teritoriebis simciris gamo, xevsurebi 

iZulebulni iyvnen mTiani ferdobebi gamoeyenebinaT ara marto 

miwaTmoqmedebisTvis, aramed soflis ganaSenianebisTvisac. amitom, 

mravalferovani da daxvewili iyo dasaxlebaSi reliefis 

daterasebis xerxebi. 

reliefze swori sibrtyeebis ararsebobam gamoiwvia saxlebis 

brtyeli saxuraviT gadaxurvis aucilebloba da isini sameurneo 

saWiroebisTvisac gamoiyeneboda. soflebs ganalagebdnen 

samxreTis orientaciiT, rac advilad xerxdeboda mTiani 

saqarTvelos pirobebSi, romelic gadaWimulia kavkasionis 

samxreT ferdze (gamonaklisia piriqiTa xevsureTi, romelic 

mdebareobs kavkasionis CrdiloeT ferdze). 

...“mSeneblebi mxedvelobaSi iRebdnen garSemo arsebuli peizaJis 

silamazes. garda amisa xevsuris mier sacxovreblad adgilis 

SerCevas gansazRvravda jvari da qadag-mkiTxavi”. [48] TemisTvis 

is erTgvari sakulto nageboba iyo. 

amJamad xevsureTSi tradiciuli sacxovrisis oTxi ZiriTadi 

saxe gvxvdeba, kerZod: 

I. uZvelesi, romelSic SeiZleba gamovyoTOori qvetipi: 

105

1. “cixe-koSki” (XV _ XVIIs). am sabrZolo koSkebsa da qav-cixeebs 

(galavnian koSkebs) Zlieri gvarebi aSenebdnen. xSirad koSkebis 

qveS “daranic” (bunebrivi zedapiruli wylebis e.w. koleqtori) 

iyo datanebuli, romelic wyaros ukavSirdeboda da amave dros 

samalavsac warmoadgenda. koSkebi ZiriTadad “siperdiani” 

(piramidulsaxuraviani) iyo. XVIIs-dan, fSav-xevsureTSi aragvis 

erisTavTa laSqrobebis Semdeg, xevsureTSi mefis winaaRmdeg 

ajanyebis dros, isini piraqeTa xevsureTSi mTlianad ganadgurda 

da SemdgomSi aRarc aSenebula, radgan maT dakarges pirvandeli 

TavdacviTi funqcia. maT qviTkiruli saxlisa da terasul- 

kaloiani saxlebis tipebi cvlis. [49] (ix. nax. # ) 

2. koSkis formis “qviTkiris” saxli. aq masalad kiris duRabi ar 

gamoiyeneboda, magram saxels simtkicisa da mdgradobis 

gamosaxat epiTetad iyenebdnen. 

“qvitkiris saxlebi” (XVI _ XVIII ss.) sacxovrebeli funqciis 

garda, TavdacviT funqciasac asrulebda. qvitkiris saxlebis 

arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi struqtura sam-xuTsarTuliania, miwis 

brtyeli saxuraviT. sarTulebi gegmaze kvadratuli formisaa. 

samSeneblo masala fiqalia, duRabis gareSe. sarTulSua 

gadaxurvis konstruqcia mowyobilia xis morebiT. fanjara da 

sxva Riobebi viwro Sukumebs (erTgvari sarkmlebi) warmoadgens, 

mowyobilia dabali xis kari. 

I sarTulze ganTavsebulia boseli, II sarTulze cxvris 

sadgomia, III da zogjer IV sarTulic sacxovrebeli sarTulebia, 

sadac zamTris maragsac inaxavdnen. V sarTuli ki TavdacviTi 

miznebisTvis gamoiyeneboda. dRes sacxovreblis es tipi 

kavkasionis qedis CrdiloeT ferdze e.w. piriqiTa xevsureTSi 

(“miRma xevSi”- Satili, ardoti, xaxabo da sxva) gvxvdeba. 

II. Zveli periodis e.w.“kaloiani saxli”, romelic reliefze 

terasuladaa ganawilebuli. am tipis saxlis dawvrilebiTi 

aRwera momdevno paragrafebSia mocemuli. 

106

III. “gardamavali”periodis “sabZluri (anu fSauri) saxli” 

ZiriTadad miRebulia Zveli tipis “kaloiani saxlis” gadakeTebis 

gziT. [50] 

“sabZluri”(anu fSauri) saxlis ori varianti gvxvdeba, kerZod: 

galereuli saxli, I qvetipi, sadac zeda sarTulze ganlagebulia 

sabZeli da sacxovrebeli saTavsebi, qveda sarTulze _ mxolod 

boseli. gadaxurva kramitisaa. 

galereuli saxli, II qvetipi, sadac qveda sarTulze 

gamosazamTrebeli buxriani sacxovrebeli sivrcea. iqve, kedliT 

gamoyofilia boseli. meore sarTuli, sazafxulo sacxovreblis 

garda, asrulebs saqonlis sakvebis maragis da adamianis sursaT- 

sanovagis Sesanaxi saTavsis rolsac. gadaxurva kramitisaa. 

am samive tipis saxli regionisTvis eTnografiul Rirebulebas 

warmoadgens. sxva Semadgenel nawilebTan erTad swored isini 

qmnian mis ganumeorebel mxatvrul garemos. 

tradiciuli xevsuruli saxlis tipologiis ukeT gasarkvevad 

SedarebiT detalurad gavecnoT “kaloian saxls”. 

“kaloiani saxlis” tipi gavrcelebulia xevsureTis ZiriTad 

nawilSi _ piraqeTa xevsureTSi, romelsac “mirgvali” da “bude 

xevsureTic” ewodeba. es saxli aqa-iq, xevsureTis or danarCen 

nawilSi, e.w. miRmaxevsa da arxotSic gvxvdeba. “kaloiani” saxli 

qvis mSrali wyobiT Sendeboda, Siga tixrebi iyo gamownuli da 

TixiT Selesili. Signidan qvis kedlebsac TixaSi azelili 

CaliTa da Txis balniT lesavdnen. isASedarebiT Znelad 

gasaTbobi Senobaa, saxlis gegma siRrmeSia wagrZelebuli, yvela 

sarTuls ezodan damoukidebeli Sesasvleli aqvs. 

Senoba reliefze sam doneze terasuladaa ganawilebuli, 

yvela sarTulis saxuravi momdevno sarTulisTvis bania, meore 

sarTulis bani ki kaloa. rac Seexeba mTlian ganaSenianebas, wina 

mosaxlis saxli, terasulad ebmis Semdegi mosaxlisas da qveda 

saxlis saxuravi, momdevnosTvis bania. mTeli sofeli xSirad 

erTobliobaSi erTian terasul kompleqss qmnis. es ki 

107

acionaluria iseT qveyanaSi, sadac miwaTmoqmedebisTvis vargisi 

miwis yoveli goji Zvirfasia. 

es Yyvelaferi saocrad saintereso sanaxaobaa da mnaxvelze 

did STabeWdilebas axdens. 

qarTveli arqeolog-eTnografi g. Citaia Tavis naSromSi 

“xevsuruli saxlis sene” aRniSnavs: “maRalmTiani regionis 

meurneoba, xangrZlivi da civi zamTris da samoZraod Zneli 

xeobebis arsebobis pirobebSi moiTxovs nagebobis iseT tips, 

sadac sacxovrebeli da sameurneo nagebobani erTad da erT 

WerqveS aris moqceuli da vertikalur ganzomilebaSia mocemuli. 

kaloiani saxli Seguebulia xevsurebis Zvelebur yofasTan da 

Serwymulia maT sameurneo viTarebasTan”. 

...“es saxli agreTve sxva sayofacxovrebo, sameurneo, socialur 

da religiur funqciebsac asrulebs. mTis sacxovreblebs Tu 

SevadarebT, baris zolis saxlebSi sacxovrebeli da sameurneo 

nawili horizontalur ganzomilebaSia gaSlili, ramdenime 

saxuravis qveS da calkeuli nagebobebis saxiTaa warmodgenili.” 

[51] 

“bankaloian” saxls xevsurulad, meorenairad “samTvaliani” 

(samsarTuliani) ewodeba. 

...“pirvel Tvals (sarTuls) sakuTriv “saxli” ewodeba. is 

umTavresad gankuTvnilia ”yverfisa”(kera), jalabobisa 

(ojaxisTvis) da pirutyvisaTvis, agreTve ojaxis inventaris 

Sesanaxad. “samyofos” (saerTo oTaxis) Suaguls warmoadgenda 

kera (“yverf-kera”), romlis Tavze, WerSi, datovebuli iyo Riobi 

(e.w.”sarkmeli”) kvamlis gasasvlelad, saidanac sinaTlec 

Semodioda. iqve, sayarze (gadaxurvis konstruqciis detali) 

gakeTebul kavebze ekida Sebolili cxovelis Zvlebi da mrgvlad 

gamokruli qon-duma.” aqve iyo “duqani”(sursaT-sanovagis Sesanaxi 

karada)”. [52] 

oTaxi iyofoda dasavleT e.w. “samamaco” (mamakacebis) da 

aRmosavleT “sadiaco”(qalebis) mxareebad. [53] 

108

...”samamacoSi” kedlis gaswvriv idga grZeli, ornamentirebuli 

e.w. “samamaco” skami, sadac mxolod mamakacebi sxdebodnen, 

damsaxurebisa da asakis mixedviT. WerSi gadebul ficarsa da 

sakidebze (qirWoebze) ganlagebuli iyo mamakacis saomari, 

saxelosno iaraRebi da nivTebi”. [54] 

...”samamacos mopirdapire “sadiaco” (qalebis) mxares iyo 

karada jam-WurWliT, tabla (dabali magida), varcli(comis 

sazeli xis WurWeli), tagrucebi (erTgvari patara 

ornamentirebuli uTavsaxuro kidobani) da a.S. samyofosTan 

(saerTo oTaxi) gadakedlili iyo rZis nawarmis Sesanaxi adgili, 

romelsac “sene” erqva. qalebi iZinebdnen samyofoSi Calagebul 

CafebSi (mogrZo formis kalaTebSi). loginSi Casafenad Calas 

saRamoobiT Camoyridnen zeda sarTulidan e.w. WerxoSi Senaxuli 

Tivis maragidan, diliT ki saqonels SeaWmevdnen”. [55] 

samyofo (saerTo) da meore sarTulis oTaxebs ganaTebisaTvis 

kedlebSi datanebuli hqonda viwro Sukumebi (sarkmlebi). 

Sukumidan Semosuli mzis sxiviT adgendnen dRe-Ramis kleba- 

matebas. ase, rom isini mzis sakulto, erTgvar observatorias 

warmoadgenda. 30-iani wlebidan saxlis fasadze viwro Sukumis 

nacvlad Cndeba SedarebiT didi fanjara, romelSic gisosebad 

qarTuli Tofis lulebs svamdnen. 

“bankaloiani” saxlis “pirveli Tvali” (sarTuli) Semdegi 

nawilebisgan Sedgeba: ( ix. nax # ) 

1. “Sina”(Sina moicavs “yverfsa” (kera), “Romelsa” (Rumeli), 

“nawolsa” (dasawoli adgili), “saxboresa” (xboebis 

dasabinavebeli adgili), “saxostagesa” (sursaTis Sesanaxi 

adgili) da sxva; 

2. “saZroxe”/boseli/; 

3. “sene”, igive “sena” /rZis produqtis Sesanaxi saTavsi/; 

4. “ezo”; 

5. “sacxene”/cxenebis dasabmeli adgili/; 

6. “qaripani”. /pirveli sarTulis Sesasvleli, sadac zafxulobiT 

abamdnen saqonels. 

109

“meore Tvals” /sarTuls/ “Werxos” eZaxian. is mamakacTa 

sadgomia da adamianisa da saqonlis maragis sacavia. [56] 

mamakacebi iZinebdnen WerxoSi Calagebul taxtebsa da laWnebze 

/grZeli viwro taxti, romelzec miyolebiT ori adamiani 

wveba”[57]. Werxos kari arasdros irazeboda. kacebi zemodan 

akontrolebdnen kar-modamos da mudmiv mzadyofnaSi iyvnen 

qalebis da bavSvebis dasacavad. aqve hyavdaT xboebi. 

saxlis meore TvalSi /sarTulze/, Semdegi saTavsebia: 

1. “wingarda”, (erTgvari Ria lojia, sadac saqonelsac abamdnen); 

2. “Werxos qaripani”; / meore sarTulis Sesasvleli/; 

3. “salogine”. 

4. “Werxo-yverbiT” /keriiT/, “duqnebiT” /karada/, “SukumebiT” 

/sarkmeli/, “sasworfro kariT” /saidanac vaJisTvis Suamavals 

e.w. “elCs” Semohyavda sworferi qali/ da sxva. 

5. bani. /me-2 sarTulis/. [58]. 

saxlis mesame Tvali (sarTuli) - “kalo”, bani me-3 sarTulze 

e.w. “maRali bani”. 

aqvea “dafarebuli kalo” (gadaxuruli sivrce kalosTan, 

wvimis dros banze dalagebuli Tivis swrafad Sesayrelad). am 

saTavsis iatakSi aqvs gamoWrili Riobi, saidanac saqonlisTvis 

Tivas Camoyrian “Werxos” Siga sivrceSi. 

...“ZiriTad banze purs (xorbals) akalovebdnen, da Znas 

lewavdnen”. [59] 

“bani Zneli mosavleli iyo. warmoadgenda xis koWebze 

ganlagebul Calisa da xis wvril totebze datkepnil Tixa-miwas, 

romelsac irgvliv brtyeli qvis sanapiroebi hqonda 

Semowyobili. bans regularulad tkepna sWirdeboda”.[60] 

“xevsureTis mravalmxriT saintereso eTnografiul 

sinamdvileSi sacxovrebeli saxlis garda sameurneo da sakulto 

daniSnulebis nagebobebi iyo warmodgenili, kerZod: [61] 

samWedlo, “buWula” (wisqvili), “bina” (ZroxebisTvis 

sazafxulo nageboba mTaSi), “xatis koSki” (samlocvelo), “samarxi 

koSki” (sadac marxavdnen TavianT micvalebulebs), “xati,” 

110

“beReli” da “salude”(ludsaxarSi saTavsi). maTgan ori 

ukanaskneli calke nagebobis saxiT iSviaTad gvxvdeba, umetesad 

isini “xatis” SenobaTa nawils warmoadgens” [62] 

saxls kidev miSenebuli hqonda mcire zomis saTavsebi _ 

wingarda da gverdiTa. saxlis irgvliv ganlagebuli iyo saCadli 

(tualeti), sanexve (saqonlis nakelisTvis) da gansakuTrebuli 

daniSnulebis saTavsi – samrelo, sadac qalebi dedaTa wesis 

periods atarebdnen. 

saxlis ZiriTadi samSeneblo masala-fiqali uxvad moipoveboda 

mTebSi da misi damuSaveba primitiuli iaraRebiTac SeiZleboda. 

masalis Seswavlisas vxedavT, rom “saqonelis dasabinavebel, 

sakveb-sanovagis da mesaqonleobis warmoebis Sedegad miRebuli 

produqtebis, maragis Sesanax saTavsebs didi adgili hqonda 

daTmobili sacxovrebeli nagebobis WerqveS”. [63] 

rogorc vxedavT am zonaSi “sazogadoebrivi wyobilebis 

(Temur-gvarovnuli) pirvelyofili formebiT xangrZlivad 

SenarCunebiT iyo nakarnaxevi sacxovreblis uZvelesi tipebis 

gamoyeneba”, rac arqiteqturuli formebis saerTo ganviTarebis 

SeswavlisaTvis saintereso masala iyo. 

regionSi amJamad arsebuli saxlis es tipi, maTi dRevandeli 

fizikuri mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT miCneulia saintereso 

obieqtad, raTa SemdgomSi SesaZlebeli gaxdes maTi ara mxolod 

rogorc saintereso turproduqtis, aramed turistul 

infrastruqturaSi CarTvis mizniT gamoyeneba. 

II Tavis daskvnebi 

111

III Tavi 

rekomendaciebi da winadadebebi xevsureTis regionSi 

sacxovrisis formirebisaTvis, rekreaciuli faqtorebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT 

sabolood movaxdineT TemasTan dakavSirebuli literaturuli 

wyaroebis gacnobisa da naturaluri kvlevis Sedegebis analizi, 

rac aucilebebli iyo im mizniT, rom samomavlod, swored maT 

safuZvelze, Camoyalibebuliyo saTanado rekomendaciebi da 

winadadebebi, sacxovrebeli fondis revitalizaciisa da axlis 

mSeneblobisaTvis. 

Cven mier naturaluri kvlevis Sedegebis analizi 

ganxorcielda ori ZiriTadi meTodiT: 

I. Assessments of Relevant Significance - meTodi iTvaliswinebs 

konservaciisTvis, konservaciis gegmis gamoyenebamde, 

umniSvnelovanesi Senobebis Sesabamis Sefasebas, rac, erTis 

mxriv, gamoarCevs arealis yvelaze mniSvnelovan elementebs da 

amiT gaamarTlebs maTi konservaciisa da xelaxali gamoyenebis 

investirebas; meore mxriv, gamoavlens, naklebad 

mniSvnelovan/umniSvnelo Senobebsa da sivrceebs, romelTa 

Secvlac SesaZloa mTeli arealisTvis ufro momgebiani 

aRmoCndes. 

II. DIVE meTodi gulisxmobs memkvidreobis analiziT kvlevas, 

“DIVE” erTgvari gegmarebiTi instrumentia, romlis meSveobiT 

SesaZlebelia istoriuli qalaqebisa da garemos Taviseburebebis 

”adgilis sulis”, misi mniSvnelovnebis, masSi cvlilebebis 

Setanis SesaZleblobebisa da samoqmedo arealis gamokvleva. 

Sedegad, aRniSnuli meTodebis gamoyenebiT, ganxorcielda Cven 

mier kvleviT moZiebuli monacemebis analizi, raTa yvela 

kriteriumis SejerebiT, rekreaciuli faqtorebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT, momxdariyo xevsureTis regionSi sacxovrisis 

formirebisaTvis saWiro winadadebebisa da rekomendaciebis 

SemuSaveba. 

112

kvlevis Sedegad miRebuli informaciis safuZvelze, 

regionisTvis damaxasiaTebeli klimaturi, socialur- 

demografiuli, tradiciuli samSeneblo masalis, mkvidri 

mosaxleobis, turistuli statistikis, eTnografiulad, 

geografiulad saintereso Tu sxva faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT, 

xevsureTis regionis masStabiT, Cven mier damuSavda rigi 

rekomendaciebi da winadadebebi, maT Soris turistul 

infrastruqturaSi sacxovrebeli fondis CarTvis SesaZleblobis 

mqone im soflebis savaraudo sqema, romelic mTel regions 

moicavs. sqemaN# 

am soflebSi arsebuli, sacxovrebel fondSi Semavali, 

sxvadasxva tipis saxlebisaTvis, gamovlenil iqna funqciaTa 

erToblioba, romelTa mimarTebaSi, Tanamedrove moTxovnebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT, SemuSavda revitalizaciis optimaluri da 

misaRebi gzebi. es gulisxmobs maTTvis axali funqciis 

miniWebas, mis Sesabamisad axal dagegmarebas, damxmare saTavsTa 

reorganizacias, miSeneba-daSenebasa da garkveul SemTxvevebSi 

ieris cvlilebasac. 

aseve, aRniSnul soflebSi Tavisufal teritoriebze, axali 

tipis sacxovreblebis aSenebas, romelTaTvis amosaval wertilad 

tradiciuli xevsuruli sacxovrisis genezisis gaTvaliswinebaa 

miCneuli, rac gulisxmobs, TviTmyofadi esTetikis da stilis, 

adgilobrivi samSeneblo masalisa da mSeneblobis meTodebis, 

aseve axali faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT, tradiciuli 

struqturis SenarCunebas. 

3.1. rekomendaciebi da winadadebebi xevsureTSi arsebuli 

sacxovrebeli fondis revitalizaciisaTvis 

xevsureTis regionSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis 

resursebis Seswavlis mizniT Cven mier ganxorcielebuli 

kvlevis safuZvelze da Sesabamisi klasifikaciis 

gaTvaliswinebiT, SemuSavebulia winadadebebi regionSi amJamad 

113

arsebul sacxovrebel SenobaTa sxvadasxva tipisaTvis axali 

funqciis miniWebis Sesaxeb, kerZod: 

tradiciuli sacxovrisi 

I. koSkebi (“cixe-koSki” da “saxli-koSki” _ igive “qvitkiri”) sof. 

Satili, muco, qaCu, xaxabo. 

TavisTavad, nagebobis es tipi, mdgomareobis mixedviT, Cven mier 

dayofilia Semdeg jgufebad: 

a. Semonaxuli; 

b. nawilobriv dangreuli; 

g. mTlianad dangreuli. 

Semonaxuli nawili, Tavis mxriv, iyofa 4 qvetipad: 

1. pirvandeli saxiT, xeluxleblad SemorCenili koSkebi; 

2. konservirebuli koSkebi; 

3. restavrirebuli arasacxovrebeli koSkebi; 

4. restavrirebuli da sacxovreblad adaptirebuli koSkebi. 

pirveli ori (1. pirvandeli saxiT, xeluxleblad SemorCenili 

da 2. konservirebuli koSkebi) Tu fizikurad kardgadaa 

Semonaxuli, maTi revitalizacia Semdegnairadaa SesaZlebeli: 

sacxovrebelad vargis koSkebSi (sof. qistani, qaCu, lebaiskari) 

rekomendebulia ganxorcieldes mxolod umniSvnelo samuSaoebi, 

arsebuli ierisa da gegmarebiTi struqturis Seucvlelad, maTi 

adaptirebisTvis, vizitioris xanmokle (1_2 dRe) ganTavsebis 

mizniT. aseTi gziT es koSkebi SesaZlebelia iqces 

turproduqtad da CarTul iqnas turistul infrastruqturaSi. 

mniSvnelovania is garemoebac, rom am ”axalfunqcia” SeZenili 

nagebobebidan srulfasovan ”sicocxles” gaagrZelebs: 

3. restavrirebuli, arasacxovrebeli koSkebi; 

(istoriuli sacxovrebeli koSkebi Satilis Zvel nawilSi); 

am kategoriis SenobebSi rekomendebulia maTi sacxovreblad 

adaptirebisTvis ganxorcieldes samuSaoebi gare ierisa da 

gegmarebiTi struqturis daurRvevlad, raTa moewyos erTgvari 

Ramis (1_2 dRiT) gasaTevi e.w. TavSesafari, martivi samzareuloTi 

114

da damxmare saTavsebiT. Senoba rekomendebulia CarTuli iyos 

sastumroTa erTian qselSi, riTac aq vizitorTa ganTavsebas 

organizebuli xasiaTi miecema, aseve uzrunvelyofili iqneba 

Senobis, rogorc kulturuli memkvidreobis, movla-patronobac. 

nax. # 

amasTanave, mizanSewonili araa am tipis koSkebis mudmiv 

sacxovreblad an sameurneo daniSnulebiT gamoyeneba. 

4. restavrirebuli da sacxovreblad adaptirebuli koSkebi 

(Satilis Zvel nawilSi, arsebuli istoriuli sacxovrebeli 

koSkebi) SesaZloa daiyos or Jgufad: 

a. koSkebi, romlebSic cxovroben; 

b. koSkebi, romlebSic ar cxovroben. 

a jgufi koSkebisa, romlebSic cxovroben. 

dReisTvis am tipis Senobebidan umetesi nawili isedac 

sacxovrebel-sastumrodaa adaptirebuli. koSkebis am nawilSi 

rekomendebulia, rom interierebSi struqturulad mowesrigdes 

zonireba gamoiyos stumris ganTavsebisTvis gankuTvnili 

izolirebuli zona, sankvanZiTa da sxva damxmare saTavsebiT. 

b jgufi koSkebisa, romlebSic ar cxovroben. 

am tipis SenobebSi rekomendebulia moewyos vizitorTa 

xanmokle (1_2dRe) Ramis gasaTevi, TavSesafari, martivi 

samzareuloTi, damxmare da sanhigienuri saTavsebiT. am tipis 

koSkebi CarTuli unda iyos sastumroTa erTian qselSi, riTac 

vizitorTa ganTavsebas organizebuli xasiaTi miecema, aseve 

uzrunvelyofili iqneba Senobis, rogorc kulturuli 

memkvidreobis, movla-patronoba. nax. # 

amasTan, mizanSewonili araa am tipis koSkebis mudmiv 

sacxovreblad an sameurneo daniSnulebiT gamoyeneba. 

aranakleb mniSvnelovania iseTi kategoriis koSkebis 

revitalizacia da turistul infrastruqturaSi CarTva, 

rogoricaa: 

1. nawilobriv dangreuli koSkebi, amisaTvis, dazianebis xarisxis 

mixedviT, rekomendebulia maTi: 

115

- konservacia da turproduqtad qceva (arqiteqturuli nageboba, 

rogorc eqsponati, romelic Seva turistul marSrutSi). 

- rekonstruqcia-adaptacia da turistul infrastruqturaSi 

CarTva sacxovrebeli saxlis saxiT, sadac SesaZlebeli iqneba 

ojaxuri sastumros mowyoba da aseve damatebiTi tradiciuli 

sameurneo saqmianoba an, piriqiT, ZiriTadi sameurneo saqmianobisa 

da damatebiT vizitorTa miReba-dabinavebis SesaZlebloba. 

2. mTlianad dangreuli koSkebi (e.w. nasaxlari). Cven mier 

rekomendebulia SemorCenili fragmentebis konservacia da am 

saxiT maTi turproduqtad gadaqceva (eqsponati, romelic Seva 

turistul marSrutSi). 

zogadad, SemorCenilma da sacxovreblad vargisma koSkma Se- 

saZlebelia SeiTavsos aseve erTgvari eTnografiuli muzeumis, 

aseve kulturuli TavSeyris adgilis funqciac, Zveli, im kuT- 

xisTvis damaxasiaTebeli formis avejiT, tradiciuli sameurneo 

yofisTvis damaxasiaTebeli nivTebiT da a.S., rac vizitorTaTvis 

SesaZlebelia saintereso gaxdes. es SesaZlebelia, gansakuTre- 

biT, maSin, Tu kargadaa Semonaxuli nagebobis Zveli detalebi 

rogorc interierSi, ise eqsterierSi (im saxiT, rogorc svaneTSi 

eTnografiuli yofis nimuSadac qceuli margianebis maCubi). 

aq SesaZlebelia erTgvari samxareTmcodneo, esTetikuri, 

saxelovnebo centrebis gakeTdeba. ( ix. sqema .) 

II. “bankaloiani” saxli 

fizikuri mdgomareobis mixedviT, sacxovreblis es tipi sam 

qvejgufad davyaviT: 



g. mTlianad dangreuli. 

Semonaxuli jgufi kidev or qvetipad iyofa, sadac: 

1. cxovroben; 

2. ar cxovroben. 

- “bankaloiani” saxli, sadac mkvidri mosaxle cxovrobs. Tu 

amJamad Senoba nakleb aqtiurad asrulebs or ZiriTad _ 

116

sacxovrebel da sameurneo funqcias (aseTi saxlebi SemorCa 

materialuri simwiris pirobebSi mcxovreb adgilobriv mosaxles 

da aseve garkveuli adgilisadmi genetikuri pasuxismgeblobis 

grZnobidan gamomdinare), rekreaciuli faqtorebidan gamomdinare, 

SesaZlebelia mieniWos axali, damatebiTi _ vizitorTa 

ganTavsebis funqcia. 

sacxovrebel saxlSi vizitorTa ganTavseba SesaZlebelia 

sxvadasxva saxiT ganxorcieldes, kerZod: 

aris SemTxveva, rodesac saxlSi SesaZlebelia vizitorTaTvis 

moewyos mcire droiT (1_2 dRiT) Ramis gasaTevi, erTgvari 

egzotikuri TavSesafari da radgan stumris mosaTavsebeli 

sivrce am tipis saxlebis tradiciul gegmarebaSic iyo 

gaTvaliswinebuli rekomendebulia Senobis am mizniT 

revitalizacia, mxolod mniSvnelovani saxecvlilebis gareSe, 

tradiciuli ierisa da gegmarebiTi struqturis SenarCunebiT. 

es saxlebi gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa, Tu isini terasuli 

ganaSenianebis nawils warmoadgens (mag., sof. xaxabo, aseve 

arxotis soflebi: axieli da WimRa). mocemuli obieqtebi, 

mimdebare teritoriis CaTvliT, rekomendebulia SenarCundes 

nakrZalis saxiT, rogorc martivi TavSesafari. aseTi saxiT 

daculi eTnografiuli sofeli, mnaxvels imis warmodgenis 

saSualebas aZlevs, Tu rogor cxovrobdnen maTi winaprebi 

bunebriv garemoSi 100 da meti wlis win. 

I. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu saxli aqtiurad asrulebs or ZiriTad _ 

sacxovrebel da sameurneo funqcias, rekomendebulia SeinarCunos 

es prioritetebi. amasTan, axal funqciad SeiZleba daematos 

vizitorTa dabinavebis SesaZlebloba, risTvisac arc aris 

aucilebeli saxlis gegmarebiTi struqturis _ mudmiv 

mcxovrebTa da vizitorTaTvis calke zonebad mkveTrad 

diferencireba. am SemTxvevaSi rekomendebulia Siga 

mosapirkeTebeli samuSaoebis Sesruleba, Zveli tradiciuli 

ierisa da stilis dacviT, damxmare saTavsebis (samzareulos da 

sankvanZebis) mowyoba-mowesrigeba. 

117

ekomendebulia aseve sameurneo daniSnulebis ezos 

mowesrigeba, damxmare da sameurneo nagebobebisa da saTavsebis, 

Tanamedrove moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT, racionalurad 

gadanawileba. 

radgan regionSi vizitorTa miRebis sezoni xanmoklea (ivlisi, 

agvisto, seqtembris pirveli naxevari) da emTxveva periods, 

romelic sameurneod aqtiuri periodicaa, aucilebelia ojaxs 

hqondes tradiciuli sameurneo saqmianobis srulfasovnad 

warmarTvis saSualeba. 

im SemTxvevaSi, Tu saxli Tavisi wyobiT saSualebas iZleva, rom 

arsebuli dagegmarebis SenarCunebiT moxdes maTi transformacia- 

adaptacia, funqciuri zonebis vertikalurad gadanawilebiT, 

maSin rekomendebulia, vertikalurad gadanawilebul zonebs 

mieniWoT Semdegi funqciebi: 

pirvel sarTulze ganlagdes mudmiv mcxovrebTa zona, Tavisi 

damxmare sameurneo nawiliT, sankvanZiTa da vizitorTa 

momsaxurebisTvis saWiro sxva damxmare saTavsebiT, aseve 

TavSeyris adgili (saerTo oTaxi). 

meore sarTulze – saZinebeli oTaxebi, vizitorTa da mudmiv 

mcxovrebTaTvis. 

mesame sarTulze _ dasasvenebeli zona-terasa. 

rekomendebulia aseve mowesrigdes sameurneo ezo. 

2. ”bankaloiani” saxlis is qvetipisaTvis, romelic 

a. Semonaxulia da masSi ar cxovroben, rekomendebulia Semdegi 

saxis funqciis miniWeba: 

SenobaTa garkveulma nawilma (mepatroneTa survilisamebr) 

rekomendebulia itvirTos erTgvari samxareTmcodneo- 

eTnografiuli centris funqcia, sadac SesaZlebelia moewyos 

mudmivi da droebiTi eqspoziciebi. es xels Seuwyobs MmaT 

”gacocxlebasa” da turistul infrastruqturaSi CarTvas. 

am mizniT unda SeirCes saxlebi maTi fizikuri mdgomareobis, 

adgilmdebareobisa da mxatvrul-arqiteqturuli faseulobis 

mixedviT. 

118

SenobaTa garkveul nawilSi (mepatroneTa surviliT) 

SesaZlebelia moewyos ojaxuri sastumro, sadac yvela piroba 

Seiqmneba droebiT mcxovrebTaTvis. 

saTavsebs, arsebuli dagegmarebis Seucvlelad, zonirebis 

vertikalurad gadanawilebis gziT, SeiZleba daekisroT Semdegi 

funqciebi: 

pirvel sarTulze ganlagdes sazogado zona - samzareulo, 

san-kvanZi, samrecxao da sxva damxmare saTavsebi; 

meore sarTulze – saZineblebi vizitorTaTvis; 

mesame sarTulze _ dasasvenebeli zona-terasa. 

mniSvnelovania, araturistul sezonze saxlSi gamouyenebeli 

zedmeti sivrcis izolaciis saSualeba. 

tradiciuli “bankaloiani” saxlebidan, romelic iseT or 

ZiriTad qvetips miekuTvneba, rogoricaa 


g. dangreuli. 

rekomendebulia maTi mxolod konservacia da am saxiT 

turproduqtad, im eqsponatad qceva, romelic Seva turistul 

marSrutSi. 

III. fSauri e.w.“sabZluri”tipis saxli, Tavis mxriv, iyofa or 

qvetipad: galereuli _ I da II qvetipi. 

isini, fizikuri mdgomareobis mixedviT, iyofa or jgufad: 


b. nawilobriv dangreuli. 

radgan mTlianad dangreuli saxlebi ar gvxvdeba. 

Semonaxuli saxlebis qvetipSi, sadac cxovroben, Cven mier 

rekomendebulia fasadisa da Senobis gare siluetis 

maqsimalurad SenarCuneba, dasaSvebia mxolod mciredi 

restavracia, ezoSi ganlagebuli sameurneo saTavsebis 

mowesrigeba da maTSi funqciebis racionalurad da Tanamedrove 

moTxovnebis Sesabamisad gadanawileba. saxlis interierSi 

damxmare saTavsebis (samzareulos, sankvanZis da sakuWnaoebis) 

mowyoba SesaZlebelia gegmarebiTi struqturis, umniSvnelo 

119

cvlilebebis xarjze ganxorcieldes. am tipis saxlebi 

vizitorTa gansaTavseblad naklebadaa mosaxerxebeli. 

Semonaxuli saxlebis qvejgufSi, sadac ar cxovroben. 

Cven mier rekomendebulia (mepatroneTa survilis SemTxvevaSi) 

ganxorcieldes aseTi sacxovrebeli saxlebis adaptaciia, Siga 

sivrcis vertikaluri zonirebis gziT. saTavsebi ganTavsdes 

Semdegi sistemiT: 

pirvel sarTulze ganTavsdes sameurneo zona, cxovelebis 

dasabinavebeli, maTTvis sakvebi maragis Sesanaxi da sxva damxmare 

saTavsebi. 

meore sarTulze ganTavsdes vizitorTa sacxovrebeli zona, 

Tavisi damxmare saTavsebiT. 

rekomendebulia Sesabamisad mowesrigdes sameurneo ezo. 

SesaZlebelia am tipis saxlebis sastumroTa erTian qselSi 

gaerTianeba da aqtiurad Cabma turistul infrastruqturaSi, 

riTac vizitorTa ganTavsebas organizebuli xasiaTi miecema, 

aseve uzrunvelyofili iqneba Senobis, rogorc kulturuli 

memkvidreobis, movla-patronobac. 

“fSauri e.w.“sabZluri” tipis saxlebi, romelic fizikuri 

mdgomareobis mixedviT nawilobriv dangreulia. 

rekomendebulia moxdes mxolod maTi konservacia da 

SesaZlebelia obieqti gadaiqces tur-produqtad, eqsponatad, 

romelic Seva turistul marSrutSi. 

XX saukinis 50-iani wlebis Semdgomi periodis ”axali tipis” 

saxli vuwodeT pirobiTad momdevno sami tipis saxls, romlebic 

erTi saTauris qveS davajgufeT. kerZod: 

IV. e.w. axali ”baruli” tipis saxli, romelSic ori qvetipi iqna 

gamovlenili: 

- galereuli saxlis qvetipi I; 

- galereuli saxlis qvetipi II; 

maTgan, fizikuri mdgomareobis mixedviT, saxlebis nawili aris 


b. nawilobriv dangreuli. 

120

V.Aunificirebuli e.w. “finuri saxli” _ xis saxlebi, romlebic 

90-ian wlebSi aSenda. 

maTgan, fizikuri mdgomareobis mixedviT, yvela saxli 

Semonaxulia. 

VI. “xevsureTisTvis 1972_1974 wlebSi daproeqtebuli”saxli. aseTi 

tipis saxlebi, regionSi amave wlebSi iqna aSenebuli. isini 

yvela Semonaxulia. 

rekreaciuli faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT, Cven mier 

SemuSavebulia rekomendaciebi im Casatarebeli samuSaoebisTvis, 

romelic am sami tipis saxlebSia SesaZlebeli. erT jgufSi 

gaerTianebuli saxlebis samive tipi, rogorc yvela sxva 

danarCeni, or ZiriTad qvejgufad iyofa: 

1. cxovroben; 

2. ar cxovroben. 

rekomendebulia es saxlebi adaptirdes saojaxo sastumroebad, 

rac SesaZlebelia ganxorcieldes Siga sivrcis Tanamedrove 

moTxovnebze morgebuli zonirebis meSveobiT. aseve, fasadebis 

mcire renovaciiT, mosapirkeTebeli tradiciuli elementebis 

gamoyenebiTa da stilis dacviT. rekomendebulia sameurneo 

ezoebis racionaluri dagegmareba ganxorcieldes mcxovrebis 

survilis, tradiciebisa da Tanamedrove moTxovnebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT. 

VIII. tipi _ “50-iani wlebis Semdgomi periodSi dawyebuli, 

dausrulebeli an nawilobriv dangreuli, axali tipis saxlebi”. 

rekomendebulia am tipis Senobebis/Senobis nawilebis: 

1. CarTva axali saxlebis daproeqtebisa da Semdom 

mSeneblobisas. am SemTxvevaSi saWiroa winaswar 

ganisazRvros nagebobebis, maTi nawilebis konstruqciuli 

mdgradoba da vargisianoba, axali saxlebis mSeneblobaSi 

CarTvis mizniT. 

2. demontaJi, im kategoriisTvis, romelic uvargisia ad ar 

eqvemdebareba ganaxlebas. 

amiT regionSi gadaiWreba ori problema: 

121

1. yovelgvar esTetikurobas moklebuli es dausrulebeli 

saxlebi/saxlebis nawilebi, romlebic garemos amaxinjebs, 

miiRebs arqiteqturulad dasrulebul, esTetikur iers da 

Hharmoniulad Caewereba landSaftis saerTo siluetSi; 

2. CaerTveba regionis sacxovrebel infrastruqturaSi da 

mosaxleTa utilitarul moTxovnebs daakmayofilebs. 

saxlebis gegmarebiTi struqturebis cvlilebisas 

sayuradReboa vizitorTa ganTavsebisa da mudmiv mcxovrebTa 

sayofacxovrebo-sameurneo funqciebis erToblivad Tanaarseboba, 

radgan adaptirebis mizania mowesrigdes da ufro mosaxerxebeli 

gaxdes mudmivi mcxovreblebis sayofacxovrebo da sameurneo 

pirobebi, aseve vizitorTaTvis Seiqmnas ganTavsebis komfortuli 

pirobebi, amavdroulad moxerxdes maTTvis gankuTvnili zonebis 

racionaluri urTierTkavSirisa da garkveuli izolaciis 

uzrunvelyofa. 

aRsaniSnavia is garemoebac, rom rig SemTxvevebSi am ori 

ZiriTadi zonis sruli izolacia arc iyos savaldebulo, radgan 

es Senobebi metwilad gaTvlilia turistis xanmokle vizitze e.w. 

”Ramis gasaTevi”. 

vlindeba, rom yvela CamoTvlili tipis sacxovrisSi, uSualod 

sacxovrebeli Senobis garda, gasaTvaliswinebelia axal 

funqciebs kargad morgebuli, amave dros tradiciul genezisze 

dafuZnebuli, sasoflo-sameurneo zonis mowyoba, radgan 

sacxovrisis erTian struqturas saxlTan erTad mimdebare kar- 

midamoc qmnis. 

tradiciulad, xevsurul dasaxlebebSi, ZiriTadi sacxovrebeli 

Senobis garda, kar-midamoSi ganTavsebuli iyo damxmare 

nagebobaTa mTeli kompleqsi, romelic sameurneo da sakulto 

daniSnulebis nagebobaTa erTobliobas warmoadgens: 

- sameurneo daniSnulebis nagebobebia: samWedlo, “buWula” 

(wisqvili), “bina” (sazafxulo nageboba mTaSi, ZroxebisaTvis), 

“samrevlo” (gansakuTrebuli daniSnulebis saTavsi qalebisTvis). 

122

- sakulto nagebobebia: “xatis koSki”, “samarxi koSki”, “xati,” 

aseve “beReli” da “salude”, romlebic calke nagebobis saxiT 

iSviaTadaa da “xatis” Senobis nawils warmoadgens. [66] 

xevsurul saxls hqonda terasulad miSenebuli mcire zomis 

sameurneo saTavsebi: “wingarda” (cxenebis misabmelad) da 

“gverdiTa” (sursaT-sanovagis dasabinaveblad). saxlis irgvliv 

ganlagebuli iyo ”saCadli” (tualeti), ”sanexve” (nakelis adgili, 

mis sasuqad gadawvamde). 

mniSvnelovania, rom saqonelsa da mesaqonleobis produqtebs 

didi adgili ekava sacxovrebeli nagebobis struqturaSi. 

mocemul saTavsTa ganawilebis tradiciuli gamocdileba 

racionaluria, amitom axali sacxovreblebisa da maTi ezoebis 

dagegmarebisas udavod gasaTvaliswinebelia. 

sameurneo zonebis mowyobisas gasaTvaliswinebelia xevsureTis 

regionisTvis damaxasiaTebeli tradiciebi da Taviseburebebi, 

kerZod: 

- sameurneo da sacxovrebel saTavsTa Soris uSualo kavSiris 

arseboba; 

- sameurneo daniSnulebis saTavsTa reliefze terasebad 

ganlageba, damoukidebeli SesasvlelebiT; 

- sameurneo zonaSi yvela tradiciuli sameurneo, damxmare, 

sakulto Tu sxva daniSnulebis (sabZeli, sanexve, Sinaur 

cxovelTa sadgomi, nedleulis gadasamuSavebeli da Sesanaxi 

saTavsebi, sakuWnaoebi, salude, sene, buWula-wisqvili, da a.S.) 

saTavsebis ganTavsebis uzrunvelyofa. 

garda amisa, dReisTvis SemorCenili sacxovreblebis im 

kategoriaSi, sadac jer kidev saxezea CamoTvlil Zvel 

saTavsTagan nawili mainc, SesaZlebelia maTi, rogorc 

eTnografiuli erTeulis konservacia da am saxiT CarTva 

kompleqsis dRevandel cxovrebaSi _ rogorc Zveli wesebisa da 

yofa-cxovrebis TvalsaCinoeba, erTgvari eTnografiuli, Ria cis 

qveS muzeumis saxiT. 

123

3.2 . rekomendaciebi da winadadebebi axali sacxovrisis 

formirebisTvis 

3.2.1. rekomendaciebi mciresarTuliani sacxovrebeli saxlebis 

tipebis SerCevisaTvis 

sadReisod arsebuli normativebis safuZvelze rTul 

reliefad iwodeba miwis zedapiri, romlis daxris kuTxe 10% 

aRemateba. es maxasiaTeblebi mSeneblobis gansakuTrebul xerxebs, 

aseve Senobebis gansakuTrebul tipebs moiTxovs. saxlebis 

dasaproeqteblad SesaZlebelia zogadi debulebebisa da 

miTiTebebis Camoyalibeba, amave normatiuli dokumentebis 

mixedviT. 

rTuli reliefisTvis amave dokumentebiT gansazRvrulia 

SenobaTa Semdegi ZiriTadi tipebi: 

xazovani tipi _ Sendeba mosworebul terasaze da ar moiTxovs 

moculobis cvlilebas. 

cokolis tipi – Sendeba grZivi da ganivi cokoliT. 

kaskaduri tipi – saxlis moculobiTi elementebis vertikaluri 

(safexurebad) wanacvlebiT, fasadis sibrtyeebis darRvevis 

gareSe da fasadebis sibrtyeebis wanacvlebiT. 

124

sqema # rTuli reliefisTvis gansazRvrul SenobaTa 

ZiriTadi tipebi. 

terasuli tipi – saxlis moculobiTi elementebis (sarTuli, 

bloki, seqcia) wanacvleba horizontis mimarT, sadac TiToeuli 

binis (donisTvis) Sesasvleli damoukidebelia. 

yvela es ZiriTadi tipi Tavis TavSi aerTianebs, ramdenime 

saxis qvetips. (ix. sqema # ) 

sayuradsaReboa aseve ssi ”saqqalaqproeqtSi” 1991 wels 

damuSavebuli samecniero-kvleviTi naSromi Temaze: ”meToduri 

rekomendaciebi da winadadebebi saqarTvelos sakurorto 

raionebSi mciresarTuliani sacxovrebeli saxl-pansionatebis 

daproeqtebisTvis” (SemdegSi ”meToduri rekomendaciebi”), sadac 

mocemulia mTian dasaxlebebSi gamosayenebeli mciresarTuliani 

sacxovrebeli saxl-sastumroebis tipebis nomenklatura 

(saxlebis sarTulianobis, moculobiT-gegmarebiTi struqturis, 

binebis tipebis, sakarmidamo nakveTebis saorientacio 

125

farTobebis, sakurorto-klimaturi vertikaluri zonirebisa da 

qalaqgegmarebiTi parametrebis gaTvaliswinebiT). (ix. nax. #) 

Semdgomi etapisaTvis, yvela zemoganxiluli normatiuli da 

meToduri dokumentebis Seswavlisa da ZiriTad debulebebze 

dayrdnobiT, Cven mier Camoyalibebul iqna winadadebebi da 

rekomendaciebi xevsureTis regionSi iseTi tipis sacxovrisis 

formirebisTvis, romlis moculobiT-gegmarebiTi struqtura, 

sakarmodamo nakveTis farTobi da dagegmareba maqsimalurad 

upasuxebs mudmiv mcxovrebTa srulfasovani cxovrebisa da 

rekreantTa ganTavsebisTvis saWiro funqciur moTxovnebs da 

organulad miesadageba garemos. 

saqarTvelos maRalmTiani regionis _ xevsureTis (mcire 

masStabis) ganaSenianebisTvis, Cven mier rekomendebulia 

mciresarTuliani saxlebis ramdenime tipi: 

1. sakarmidamo tipi; 

2. blokirebuli (horizontalur-safexurebrivi) tipi; 

3. terasuli tipi. 

TiToeuli gansakuTrebuli sivrciT-moculobiTi gadawyvetiTa 

da arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi struqturiT xasiaTdeba da 

ramdenime saxeobas aerTianebs: 

sakarmidamo tipi – aseTi tipis sacxovrebeli calke mdgomi 

nagebobaa, romelic Tavis struqturiT ori ZiriTadi da erTi 

damatebiTi funqciis mqone binisagan Sedgeba. 

saxlis funqciebi SeiZleba aseTi saxiT Camoyalibdes: 

I. ZiriTadi: sacxovrebeli da vizitoris miReba-dabinavebis 

funqciebi, damatebiTi _ sameurneo-sayofacxovrebo funqcia; 

II. ZiriTadi: sacxovrebeli da sameurneo-sayofacxovrebo funqcia, 

damatebiTi _ vizitoris miReba-dabinavebis funqcia. 

im mizezis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom maRalmTian soflis 

dasaxlebebSi, Cveulebrivi yofa-cxovrebis pirobebSi, sameurneo 

saqmianobas didi adgili ukavia, Sesabamisad, Cven mier zemoT 

mocemuli sacxovrisis funqciuri diferencirebiT sameurneo- 

126

sayofacxovrebo funqcia gamokveTilia, rogorc ojaxis 

prioritetuli saqmianoba. 

sakarmidamo tipis erTbinian saxlebs aqvs miwis nakveTi an ezo, 

maRali izolirebis xarisxiT xasiaTdebian, da SedarebiT metad 

pasuxobs kerZo sakuTrebis formas. 

”meTodur rekomendaciebSi” mocemul nomenklaturaSi, 

sakarmidamo nakveTis/ezos/ farTobis zomis mixedviT, 

warmodgenili sami saxis sakarmidamo tipidan, xevsureTis 

regionSi gamosayeneblad, ganaSenianebisTvis vargisi 

teritoriebis simwiris gamo, Cven mier rekomendebulia ori: 

sakarmidamo tipis saxli, saSualo zomis sakarmidamo miwis 

nakveTiT (400_600 kvm); 

sakarmidamo tipis saxli, patara zomis sakarmidamo nakveTiT 

(300_400 kvm); 

saxlis ganTavseba sakarmidamo miwis nakveTze da quCis xazis 

mimarT (aseTis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi) dasaxlebis konkretul 

qalaqgegmarebiT pirobebs unda Seesabamebodes. aseve 

gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnes samSeneblo raionisTvis 

damaxasiaTebeli adgilobrivi bunebriv-klimaturi Tavisebureba 

da sanitariul-higienuri moTxovnebi. kerZod, saTavsTa 

aucilebeli insolacia, binis ormxrivi ganiaveba, arasasurveli 

bunebrivi Tu garemo faqtorebisagan (xmauri, mtveri, qarebi, 

daxrili wvimebi da sxva) dacva da sxva. (ix. nax. # ) 

dasaxlebis sakarmidamo tipis sacxovrebeli saxlebiT 

ganaSenianebisas SesaZlebeli unda iyos arsebuli ganaSenianebis 

e.w. `TviTSemWidroeba~ iseTi gegmarebiTi xerxebis gamoyenebiT, 

rogoricaa axali Senobebis, arsebul SenobasTan, quCis xazis 

gaswvriv an mis marTobulad miSeneba; arsebul Senobaze axali 

sarTulis mTlian perimetrze an mis nawilze daSeneba (banis 

tradiciis gaTvaliswinebiT) da sxva. (ix. nax. # ) 

blokirebuli tipi _ blokirebuli tipis mciresarTuliani 

sacxovrebeli saxli aris ori an meti, izolirebuli binisagan 

Semdgari nageboba. blokirebuli tipis saxli inarCunebs im 

127

ZiriTad upiratesobas, rac damaxasiaTebelia sakarmidamo tipis 

saxlebisaTvis: sakarmidamo nakveTTan (ezosTan) binebis 

damoukidebeli da uSualo kavSiri, iq damxmare meurneobisa da 

dasasvenebeli zonebis mowyobis saSualebebis arseboba da sxva. 

blokirebuli tipis sacxovrebeli saxlis ZiriTadi Semadgene- 

li elementi _ bloki SesaZlebelia iyos erTbiniani e.w. blok- 

bina an Seicavdes horizontalurad, an vertikalurad ganlage- 

bul ramdenime binas da warmoadgendes blok-seqcias (ix. nax. # ) 

“meTodur rekomendaciebSi” warmodgenil nomenklaturaSi 

sxvadasxva pirobebSi (rTuli reliefi, gansakuTrebuli 

qalaqgegmarebiTi pirobebi da sxva) mSeneblobisTvis 

rekomendebulia blokirebis sami ZiriTadi sistemis gamoyeneba: 

erTriga blokireba (400_600 kv m sakarmidamo nakveTiT); 

orriga blokireba (200_400 kv m sakarmidamo nakveTiT); 

terasuli blokireba (60_100 kv m sakarmidamo nakveTiT, 

ganaSenianebis gareSe). 

blokirebis am sistemebis gamoyeneba rekomendebulia Semdegi 

pirobebisaTvis: 

erTriga blokireba (400_600 kv m saorientacio farTobis mqone 

sakarmidamo nakveTiT). am xerxis gamoyeneba rekomendebulia 

SuamTian zonebSi, patara, saSualo, didi masStabis dasaxlebebis 

ganaSenianebisaTvis. erTriga blokirebis dros, blokebi (blok- 

binebi, blok-seqciebi) sakarmidamo miwis nakveTze SesaZlebelia 

ganlagdes sakarmidamo nakveTis (ezos) siRrmeSi erT rigad. (ix. 

nax. # ) 

erTriga blokirebisas, ganaSenianebis simWidrovis 

regulirebis mizniT, rekomendebulia sxvadasxva arqiteqturul- 

gegmarebiTi da konstruqciuli xerxebis gamoyeneba, rogoricaa 

Senobis siRrmis gazrda, mis struqturaSi Ria da naxevrad Ria 

terasebis mowyobis gziT. am tipis blokireba da Sesabamisi 

zomis nakveTebze mSenebloba, SesaZlebelia mxolod naklebi 

qanobis reliefis mqone dasaxlebebSi (sof. yorSa, barisaxo da 

a.S.). 

128

orriga blokireba – (200_400 kv m saorientacio farTobis 

mqone sakarmidamo miwis nakveTiT). orriga blokirebisas, or 

monakveTs an paralelur quCas (aseTis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi) 

Soris ganaSenianebisaTvis, mizanSewonilia SedarebiT didi zomis 

miwis nakveTis gamoyeneba, vidre erTriga blokirebisas ise, rom 

sacxovrebeli blokebis (Cven SemTxvevaSi blok-binebis an blok- 

seqciebis) ganlageba SesaZlebeli iyos, or rigad, sakarmidamo 

nakveTis siRrmeSi an `Wadrakulad~. (ix. nax. # ) 

orriga blokirebisas, ganaSenianebis simWidrovis gazrdis 

mizniT, rekomendebulia Senobis saxuravebis gamoyeneba 

mansardebis, terasebis Tu sxva saxis Ria da naxevrad Ria 

adgilebis mosawyobad. 

xevsureTis regionSi aseTi tipis blokirebis xerxis gamoyeneba 

rekomendebulia, erTriga blokirebis msgavsi reliefis 

SemTxvevebSi. 

terasuli blokireba (ganaSenianebis gareSe 60_100 kv m 

saorientacio farTobis sakarmidamo nakveTiT). aseTi tipis 

blokirebis xerxi rekomendebulia gamoyenebul iqnes xevsureTis 

rogorc SuamTian, aseve maRalmTiani zonebis patara, saSualo, 

didi masStabis dasaxlebebis ganaSenianebisaTvis. 

reliefis 28%-ze meti daxrilobis SemTxvevaSi blokebi (blok- 

binebi an blok-seqciebi) SesaZlebelia ganlagdes terasulad _ 

uSualod erTmaneTis saxuravze an blokebs Soris, miwis 

nakveTebze moewyos patara terasebi an ezoebi. (ix. nax. # ) 

reliefis 35%-ze meti daxrilobis SemTxvevaSi, binebis 

ormxrivi ganiavebis uzrunvelyofis mizniT, garda zemoT 

SemoTavazebuli blokirebis xerxebisa, mizanSewonilia blokire- 

bis sxvadasxva sistemis gamoyenebac, kerZod `xaliCisebri~, 

`safexurovani~, àcdenili~, `jvrisebri~ da sxva (nax. 67). 

reliefis 50%-ze meti daxrilobis SemTxvevaSi ganaSenianeba 

rekomendebulia ganxorcieldes erTriga blokirebiT terasebis 

saxiT, rac binebis aucilebel ganiavebas da insolacias 

uzrunvelyofs. nax. 78, 79. 

129

lokirebis aseTi saxiT ganlageba miesadageba tradiciuli 

“bankaloiani” saxlebis struqturas da erTgvarad mis 

genetikur saxesac warmoadgens. (ix. nax. # ) 

blokirebuli tipis sacxovrebeli saxlebis sakarmidamo 

nakveTebis, ezoebisa da terasebis zomebi unda SeirCes 

konkretuli samSeneblo teritoriisTvis damaxasiaTebeli 

moTxovnebis (qalaqgegmarebiTi, bunebriv-klimaturi, landSaftis 

da reliefis Taviseburebebis da sxva) gaTvaliswinebis 

safuZvelze. 

ganaSenianebis maRali simWidrovis uzrunvelsayofad 

rekomendebulia blokirebuli saxlis arqiteqrul-gegmarebiTi 

sturqutris siRrmiTi ganviTareba, rac maRali ekonomikuri 

efeqtianobiT xasiaTdeba, am dros mniSvnelovnad mcirdeba 

sainJinro-sakomunikacio qselebis (wyalsadeni, kanalizacia, 

centraluri gaTboba, gazi, quCebi, trotuarebi, moednebi da sxva) 

mowyobasTan dakavSirebuli samuSaos moculobebi. 

terasuli tipis sacxovrebeli saxlis ZiriTadi Semadgeneli 

moculobiTi elementia ori an ramdenimedoniani (sarTuliani) 

terasuli blok-bina an blok-seqcia, romelTa blokirebiTac 

aris kombinirebuli sacxovrebeli saxli. 

“meToduri rekomendaciebSi” warmodgenil nomenklaturaSi 

SemoTavazebulia terasuli tipis saxlis ori saxeoba: 

1. terasuli blokseqciuri saxli; 

2. terasuli blokbiniani saxli. 

saxlis orive saxeoba mocemulia 60_200 kv m saorientacio 

farTobis miwis nakveTiT ganaSenianebis, an sakarmidamo miwis 

nakveTis gareSe. 

maTi ZiriTadi Semadgeneli elementia: 

1. blokseqciurSi - terasuli struqturis 2_4 sarTuliani 

(doniani), or da met biniani blok-seqcia. 

2. blokbinianSi - terasuli struqturis 2_4 sarTuliani 

(doniani) blok-bina. 

130

sacxovrebeli saxlis kombinireba SesaZlebelia orive saxeo- 

bis _ blok-seqciebis an blok-binebis terasuli ganlagebiT. (ix. 

nax. # ) 

Cveni rekomendaciiT, terasuli tipis sacxovrebeli saxli 

yvelaze xelsayreli tipia, xevsureTis regionis im rTuli 

reliefis mqone teritoriebis ganaSenianebisaTvis, romelTa 

daxriloba 15_20%-is aRwevs. maTi ganaSenianebaSi gamoyeneba 

saSualebas iZleva aTvisebuli iqnes e.w. `mSeneblobisaTvis 

gamosadegi~ teritoriebi. 

terasuli tipis sacxovrebeli saxlebiT ganaSenianebisas, 

sakarmidamo ezoebisa da terasebis mowyobis meSveobiT, 

SesaZlebelia ganaSenianebis simWidrovis maCveneblis `brutos~ 

sasurveli regulireba. garda amisa, maTi gamoyeneba 

ganaSenianebis simWidrovis gazrdis mizniT efeqturia imitomac, 

rom SesaZlebelia aTvisebul iqnes SenobaTa saxuravebi (banebi) 

da miwisqveSa sivrceebi, sadac moewyoba sxvadasxva daniSnulebis 

saTavsebi, kerZod: 

saxuravze (banze) _ dasaSvebia ganTavsdes sameurneo da 

dasasvenebeli terasebi. Cven SemTxvevaSi, sameurneo 

daniSnulebisaa e.w. “kalo”, sadac tradiciulad xevsurebi 

xorbals lewaven da iqve e.w. “maRalbanze” arsebul sabZelSi 

inaxaven. 

miwisqveSa sivrceebSi _ garaJebi, sainJinro-komunikaciebi, 

sxvadasxva sayofacxovrebo da sameurneo daniSnulebis saTavsebi. 

maRali qalaqgegmarebiTi manevrirebis uzrunvelyofisa da 

ganaSenianebis simWidrovis regulirebis mizniT, sxvadasxva 

pirobebSi ganaSenianebisas, yvela zemoT xsenebuli blokirebuli 

da terasuli tipis saxlebisTvis rekomendebulia sxvadasxva 

konfiguraciis blok-seqciebisa da blok-binebis gamoyeneba, 

kerZod: sworkuTxa, kvadratuli, T-sebri, I-sebri, П-sebri, Ш- 

sebri, X-sebri, Z-sebri da sxva. maTi saSualebiT kombinirdeba 

naxevrad Ria Sigaezoiani an terasuli (baniani) blokTa jgufebi, 

131

iTac mniSvnelovnad umjobesdeba sacxovrebeli saxlebis 

mikrogaremo da esTetikuri saxe (nax. 69). 

aRniSnuli tipis sacxovrisis mimdebare sakarmidamo nakveTi 

or funqcias iTavsebs: Tavisi pirveladi daniSnulebis _ 

sasoflo-sameurneo da sabaRe-sabostne nakveTebis mowyobis 

garda, meore funqciac eniWeba, kerZod warmoebs mudmiv 

mcxovrebTa da vizitorTaTvis dasasveneblis (wynari dasvenebis, 

sasporto kuTxeebis, sasadilo, TavSeyrisa da sxva adgilebis) 

organizeba. 

sakarmidamo nakveTis farTobi SesaZlebelia iyos sxvadasxva 

sididis da warmodgenili iyos terasis, Ria ezos, atriumis, 

naxevrad Ria an Siga ezos saxiT. 

am qveTavebis ganxilvis Semdeg sabolood SeiZleba 

davaskvnaT, rom mciresarTuliani sacxovrebeli saxl- 

sastumroebis aSenebamde, winaswari monacemebis, mSeneblobis 

saxisa Tu organizebis formebis, regionalur da adgilobriv 

TaviseburebaTa kompleqsis, menaSenis ZiriTad moTxovnaTa da 

eqspluataciis pirobebis gaTvaliswinebiT, yoveli konkretuli 

SemTxvevisaTvis, sacxovrisis formirebisas ganisazRvreba: 

arsebul dasaxlebasTan mimarTebaSi Senobis ganTavsebis 

adgilmdebareoba; 

ganaSenianebis tipi; 

sakarmidamo nakveTis /ezos/ funqciuri zonebi da maTi 

urTierTkavSiri; 

saxlis tipi da misi sarTulianoba; 

sacxovrebeli, damxmare, sameurneo da sxva daniSnulebis 

saTavsTa nomenklatura, Sedgeniloba da farTobebi; 

saTavsTa funqciuri zonireba, maTi urTierTkavSirisa da 

izolirebis formebi. 

132

3.2.2. rekomendaciebi SenobaSi saTavsTa nomenklaturis, funqciuri 

zonirebis, zonaTa kavSirebisa da regionaluri 

sarTulianobis gansazRvrisTvis 

xevsureTis regionSi mSeneblobisaTvis, yovel konkretul 

SemTxvevaSi, qalaqgegmarebiTi da sxva specifikuri pirobebis 

TaviseburebaTa kompleqsis gaTvaliswinebis garda, rekreaciuli 

faqtorebidan gamomdinare, sacxovreblis arqiteqturul- 

gegmarebiT gadawyvetas Semdegi ZiriTadi monacemebi ganapirobebs: 

mudmiv mcxovrebTa ojaxis demografiuli Semadgenloba; 

ojaxis ZiriTadi sayofacxovrebo-sameurneo saqmianoba da 

moculoba; 

droebiT mcxovrebTa SesaZlebeli raodenoba da demografiuli 

Semadgenloba. 

xevsureTis regionSi mSeneblobisaTvis gamosayenebeli 

mciresarTuliani sacxovrebeli saxlebis funqciuri zonireba da 

zonaTa Soris urTierTkavSirebi mudmiv mcxovrebTa da 

vizitorTa Tanacxovrebisas uzrunvelyofs komfortuli 

mikrogaremos Seqmnas. am mizniT, saWiroa, sacxovrebeli saxlis 

saerTo farTobis mudmiv mcxovrebTa, vizitorTa da damatebiT 

damxmare sameurneo zonad diferencireba. 

mudmiv mcxovrebTa zona – masSi gaerTianebulia 

sacxovrebeli, damxmare, sameurneo da sazafxulo saTavsebi. es im 

saTavsoTa erTobliobaa, romelic aucilebelia saxlSi mudmivad 

mcxovrebi ojaxis srulfasovani yofa-cxovrebis, Sromisa da 

dasvenebis mikrogaremos SeqmnisaTvis. maTi saTavsTa 

nomenklatura unda Seesabamebodes konkretuli ojaxis 

demografiul Semadgenlobas. (ix. nax. # ) 

sameurneo zonaSi saTavsTa nomenklatura rekomendebulia 

sasoflo-sameurneo saqmianobis, mecxoveleobisa da tradiciuli 

agraruli meurneobis sawarmoeblad, kerZod cxovelebis 

gansaTavsebeli da maTi sakvebi maragisTvis gankuTvnili 

saTavsebi, meurneobis warmoebiT miRebuli nedleulis 

133

gadasamuSavebeli da Sedegad miRebuli produqtis Sesanaxi 

saTavsebi. 

vizitorTa sacxovrebeli zona – aq erT adamianze 

gansazRvruli minimaluri sacxovrebeli farTobis raodenoba, 

sanhigienuri pirobebidan da arsebuli normatiuli (rsn) 

aqtebidan gamomdinare, rekomendebulia ganisazRvros minimaluri 

9 kv m-iT. vizitorTa sacxovrebeli zonis saerTo farTobi am 

normativebis dacviT unda Seesabamebodes maT ricxvs (ix. nax. # ) 

Cven mier rekomendebulia vizitorTa cxovrebisaTvis 

gankuTvnili saTavsebisaTvis saorientacio minimaluri 

farTobebi da saTavsTa nomenklatura: 

sacxovrebeli, damxmare da sazafxulo saTavsebi. (ix. nax. # ) 

maT Soris 

sacxovrebeli _ saZinebeli oTaxi, saerTo oTaxi da sxv. 

sazafxulo – lojia (Seminuli da Seuminavi), terasa, veranda, 

aivani da sxva. 

damxmare _ samzareulo, samzareulo-niSa, samzareulo- 

sasadilo, derefani, winkari, holi, foie, sauTao-samrecxao da 

sxva (sankvanZebis garda) SesaZlebelia saerTo iyos orive 

zonisaTvis. 

rekomendebulia funqciur zonaTa ganTavsebis sami xerxi: 

horizontaluri, vertikaluri da kombinirebuli. nax. 73 

horizontaluri zonireba – aseT SemTxvevaSi mudmiv 

mcxovrebTa da vizitorTa sacxovrebeli zonebi ganlagebulia 

erT sarTulze (doneze). (ix. nax. # ) 

vertikaluri zonireba – aseT SemTxvevaSi mcxovrebTa da 

vizitorTa sacxovrebeli zonebi ganlagebulia sxvadasxva 

sarTulze (doneze). (ix. nax. # ) 

vertikaluri zonirebisas vizitorTa sacxovrebeli zona, dRis 

ganmavlobaSi wynari dasvenebisaTvis saWiro pirobebis 

uzrunvelyofis mizniT, rekomendebulia ganTavsdes zeda (2_3_4) 

sarTulebze (doneebze) ise, rom ar Seferxdes mudmiv mcxovrebTa 

yofa-cxovrebis Cveuli procesebi. 

134

kombinirebuli zonireba – aseT SemTxvevaSi mudmiv mcxovrebTa 

da vizitorTa sacxovrebeli zonebi ganlagebulia yvela 

sarTulze (doneze). (ix. nax. # ) 

sacxovrebel saxlSi mudmiv mcxovrebTa da vizitorTa 

sacxovrebeli zonebis urTierTganlageba unda uzrunvelyofdes 

erT saxlSi/binaSi/ erTdrouli cxovrebis sxvadasxva 

formisaTvis (izolirebuli, nawilobriv izolirebuli, 

araizolirebuli) aucilebeli pirobebs. 

izolirebuli cxovreba – aseT SemTxvevaSi erT sacxovrebel 

saxlSi/binaSi/ Seqmnili unda iyos orive mxarisTvis 

izolirebuli cxovrebis aucilebeli pirobebi. izolirebuli 

cxovrebisas vizitorTaTvis gamoyofili unda iyos sacxovrebeli 

saxlis izolirebuli nawili (sasurvelia damoukidebeli 

SesasvleliT), sadac ganTavsebuli iqneba maTTvis aucilebeli 

sacxovrebeli, damxmare da sazafxulo saTavsebi. (ix. nax. # ) 

nawilobriv izolirebuliA cxovreba – aseT SemTxvevaSi erT 

sacxovrebel saxlSi orive mxaris nawilobriv izolirebuli 

cxovrebisaTvis aucilebeli pirobebia Seqmnili. igulisxmeba 

vizitorTaTvis gamoyofilia zona, romelic dakavSirebulia 

saerTo sargeblobis sxvadasxva daniSnulebis saTavsebTan. 

saerTo sargeblobisTvis SesaZlebelia gamoyenebul iqnes erTi 

an ramdenime sacxovrebeli (saZinebeli oTaxis da sankvanZebis 

garda), damxmare, sameurneo da sxva daniSnulebis saTavso. 

aucilebelia zonebs Soris moxerxebuli binisSiga kavSirebis 

organizeba, Siga kibeebis, koridorebis, gasasvlelebis, 

Sliuzebis da tamburebis meSveobiT (ix. nax. # ) 

izolirebuli da nawilobriv izolirebuli cxovrebis 

formebi rekomendebulia vizitorTa rogorc xanmokle, aseve 

xangrZlivi cxovrebisaTvis. (ix. nax. # ) 

araizolirebuli cxovreba – aseT SemTxvevaSi sacxovrebel 

saxlSi mudmiv mcxovrebTa da vizitorTaTvis calke gamoyofilia 

mxolod saZinebeli oTaxebi, romelTac aqvs moxerxebuli 

kavSirebi yvela sxva saerTo sargeblobis _ sacxovrebel, 

135

damxmare, sameurneo, sazafxulo da sxva daniSnulebis 

saTavsebTan. aseT dros saxlis or ZiriTad zonad diferencireba 

ar aris mkveTrad gamoxatuli da rekomendebulia vizitorTa 

xanmokle cxovrebisaTvis. (ix. nax. # ) 

zemoTqmuli mravali faqtoridan gamomdinare, xevsureTis 

regionis ganaSenianebisas rekomendebulia ZiriTadad gamoyenebul 

iqnes terasuli tipis nagebobebi: 

1. terasuli tipi _ saTavsebi ganlagebulia oTx doneze, naxevari 

sarTulis simaRlis sxvaobiT. aq I da II doneebze SesaZlebelia 

ganlagebul iqnes mudmiv mcxovrebTa da vizitorTa zonebi, 

cxovrebis nawilobriv izolirebuli formis Sesabamisad, zonaTa 

kombinirebuli ganTavsebis principiT. zonaTa Soris kavSirebi 

Siga kibeebiT da gasasvlelebiT xorcieldeba. 

Senobis sxvadasxva doneze terasulad ganlagebis 

arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi struqtura, saTavsTa optimaluri 

ganawilebis, zonirebis dacvisa da saTanado insolaciis 

saSualebas iZleva. (ix. nax. # ) 

terasuli tipi _ e.w. “tripleqsi”. igi saerTo Sesasvlelis 

mqone, reliefis sxvadasxva doneze ganTavsebuli, 

urTierTdamoukidebeli zonebisgan Semdgari struqturaa. 

gaTvaliswinebulia mudmiv mcxovrebTa da vizitorTa 

izolirebuli cxovrebisa da sameurneo saqmianobis 

warmoebisTvis. 

I doneze rekomendebulia saqonlis sadgomis ganTavseba; 

II doneze (0.00m), horizontaluri zonirebis principis 

gaTvaliswinebiT, rekomendebulia orive ZiriTadi zonis 

saTavsoTa ganlageba; 

III doneze (3.30m), horizontaluri zonirebis principiT, 

rekomendebulia ganTavsdes mudmiv mcxovrebTa da damsvenebelTa 

saTavsebi: sami, or_or-adgiliani saZinebeli oTaxi, sankvanZi da 

terasa. am doneze ganlagebuli orive zona ukavSirdeba Siga 

ezos, sadac dasasvenebeli adgilia organizebuli. 

136

ogorc ukve aRvniSneT, sacxovrebeli saxlis gegma unda 

pasuxobdes ZiriTad funqciur moTxovnebs, uzrunvelyofdes 

racionalur dagegmarebas da mcxovrebTaTvis komfortuli 

pirobebis Seqmnas. 

gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos Senobis Semdgomi reorganizaciis 

SesaZleblobac. es gulisxmobs, rom saxlebi, eqspluataciis 

reJimis mixedviT, pirobiTad SeiZleba daiyos or saxeobad: 

1. mTeli wliT datvirTuli; 

2. sezonurad datvirTuli. 

saxlis dagegmarebisas aseve gasaTvaliswinebelia dagegmarebis 

operatiuli cvlilebebis saSualeba, rac niSnavs am Senobebis 

garkveuli nawilis droebiTi izolirebisa Tu SemoerTebis 

SesaZleblobas. es SeiZleba moxdes rogorc karis, aseve moZravi 

tixrebis montaJiT da demontaJiT. es ki SesaZlebels gaxdis, 

saWiroebis mixedviT, dagegmarebis Secvlas eqspluataciis 

sxvadasxva reJimisaTvis, wlis sezonebis mixedviT. 

xevsureTis regionSi mSeneblobisTvis mciresarTuliani 

sacxovrebeli saxlebis sarTulianobis gansazRvrisas, 

rekreaciuli da sxva pirobebidan gamomdinare, rekomendebulia 

gaTvaliswinebul iqnes Semdegi faqtorebi: 

konkretuli samSeneblo raionis bunebriv-klimaturi 

Taviseburebani (seismuroba, reliefisa da gruntis 

Taviseburebebi, klimati, cxovrebisa da saqmianobis specifika 

da sxva); 

sacxovrebeli saxlebis moxerxebuli qalaqgegmarebiTi 

manevrireba; 

bunebriv garemosTan (miwasTan, ezosTan, mwvane nargavebTan) 

mobinadreTa maqsimalurad miaxloebis uzrunvelyofa; 

mSeneblobis organizebis formebi da misi teqnikur- 

ekonomikuri SesaZleblobebi: 

- regionSi mZlavri samSeneblo teqnikis da meqanizmebis 

gamoyenebis SezRuduloba; 

137

- mcire meqanizaciis da mciregabaritiani samSeneblo teqnikis 

gamoyeneba; 

- arameqanizebuli da xelis Sromis mniSvnelovani xvedriTi 

wili; 

- adgilobrivi samSeneblo masalis (qva, fiqali, xe) gamoyenebis 

didi xvedriTi wili da sxva. 

garda amisa, rac yvelaze mniSvnelovania, sarTulianobis 

SerCevisas aucilebelia gaTvaliswinebul iqnes: 

- mocemuli dasaxlebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli qalaqgegmarebiTi 

da istoriulad Camoyalibebuli mxatvrul-arqiteqturuli, 

esTetikuri garemos xasiaTi; 

- regionisTvis tradiciuli sameurneo, sayofacxovrebo 

saqmianobis specifikis Taviseburebani. 

rogorc cnobilia, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos maRalmTiani 

regioni maRali seismurobiT (8_9 bali), zvavebisa da mewyerebis 

sixSiriT, haerisa da gruntis normaluri tenianobiT xasiaTdeba. 

am pirobebis gaTvaliswinebiT, xevsureTSi mSeneblobebisaTvis 

rekomendebulia gamoyenebul iqnes maRali seismomedegobis 2_3- 

sarTuliani blokirebuli da terasuli tipis, kompaqturi 

sacxovrebeli saxlebi, sacxovrebeli da sameurneo daniSnulebis 

pirveli sarTulebiT. 

3.2.3. winadadebebi sacxovrisis mxatvrul-arqiteqturuli ieris da 

interieris formirebisTvis 

regionisTvis damaxasiaTebeli tradiciuli kompoziciuri 

principebi, romelic saukuneebis manZilze Camoyalibda bunebrivi 

garemosa da ganaSenianebis urTierTgavlenis Sedegad, SemdegSi 

gamovlinda: 

konkretuli adgilis landSaftis bunebrivi formebis da masze 

arsebuli gamwvanebis maqsimalurad SenarCunebaSi. 

sameurneo-sayofacxovrebo da sacxovrebeli nagebobebis 

reliefis formebTan masStabur TanafardobaSi. 

138

sacxovrebeli ganaSenianebis garemosa da landSaftTan 

koloritul mTlianobaSi. 

sacxovrebeli ganaSenianebis bunebriv garemocvasTan vizualur 

kavSirSi. 

mTlianad, qveynis masStabiT, miuxedavad calkeuli kuTxeebis 

da, zogadad, dasaxlebebis sivrciT-moculobiTi 

gadawyvetilebebis farTo nairferobisa da arqiteqturuli 

saxis individualurobisa, maTi gegmarebiTi struqturebis 

formireba eqvemdebareboda garkveul moTxovnebsa da 

kanonzomierebebs, romelTa ZiriTadi ganmsazRvreli mocemuli 

teritoriis reliefi iyo. swored mis safuZvelze yalibdeboda 

kompoziciuri struqturebi, mag., sworxazovani, kompaqturi, 

sxivisebri da sxv. 

Tanamedrove moTxovnebs, mTiani regionebis ganaSenianebas, 

swored es struqturebi daedo safuZvlad, amitom xevsureTis 

regionis ganaSenianebis drosac gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos 

Semdegi ZiriTadi mxatvrul-arqiteqturul moTxovnaTa 

kompleqsi: 

sacxovrebeli saxlis mxatvrul-arqiteqturuli gadawyveta 

unda Seesabamebodes istoriulad ukve Camoyalibebuli garemos 

yvela ZiriTad Taviseburebas. 

istoriulad Camoyalibebul qalaqgegmarebiT garemoSi 

ganaSenianebis mTliani mxatvrul-arqiteqturuli saxe ukve 

formirebul, erTian xasiaTs unda Seesabamebodes da 

uzrunvelyofdes ganaSenianebis qalaqgegmarebiTi struqturis 

erTian vizualur aRqmas. 

axali saxlebis daproeqtebisas gasaTvaliswinebelia am 

regionis tradiciuli esTetika. rekomendebulia adgilobrivi 

da tradiciuli samSeneblo da mosapirkeTebeli masalebis 

gamoyeneba, rac nagebobas individualur xasiaTs aniWebs (mag., 

fleTili qva, xe da sxva). 

139

Zveli xuroTmoZRvrebi faqizad grZnobdnen TavianTi qmnilebis 

bunebasTan erTobas, amitom qalaqis dagegmarebisas intuitiurad 

iyenebdnen arqiteqturisa da bunebrivi plastikuri formebis 

urTierTdamokidebulebis principebs, iTvaliswinebdnen 

landSaftis bunebriv formebs. 

amdenad, Tanamedrove arqiteqtorebsac udavod marTebT, 

mTiani teritoriebis Tanamedrove pirobebSi aRmSeneblobisas, 

xalxuri intuiciisa da erTgvari gaucnobiereblobis principebis 

gardaqmna gaazrebul, Camoyalibebul mxatvrul meTodad. 

aqedan gamomdinare, ganaSenianebuli teritoriebis 

tradiciulad arsebuli zonireba, kerZod, sacxovrebel da 

sameurneo zonebad dayofa, Tanamedrove sanitariuli normebidan 

gamomdinare, misaRebia Tanamedrove pirobebSic. 

odiTganve mTiani dasaxleba individualur arqiteqturul 

xasiaTs Tavisi sazogadoebrivi centris gadawyvetidan 

gamomdinarec iZenda, amitom Tanamedrove ganaSenianebis sivrciT- 

moculobiTi kompoziciis centrze aqcentireba potenciurad 

kidev erT saSualebas iZleva am tradiciuli xerxis 

aRorZinebisa, adgilis metyveli da individualuri saxis 

Sesaqmnelad. 

arqiteqturuli memkvidreobis Seswavlam gamoavlina 

dasaxlebebSi xalxuri sacxovrisis formaTwarmoqmnis zogierTi 

tipologiuri kanonzomierebac, kerZod: 

mTis mkacr pirobebSi yovelTvis idga is amocana, rom 

sacxovrisis formirebis meSveobiT gaeneitralebinaT 

araxelsayreli bunebrivi faqtorebi da uSualod sacxovrebel 

sivrceSi SeeqmnaT maqsimalurad optimaluri pirobebi. 

mocemul situaciaSi es miiRweoda xelmisawvdomi 

arqiteqturuli kompoziciuri xerxebiT, Tanac ise, rom garemo 

pirobebi gamoeyenebinaT TavianT sasargeblod, sacxovrisis 

komfortuli Tvisebebis asamaRleblad. 

swored amis TvalsaCino magaliTia is, rom mTis sacxovrisis 

gegmarebiTi struqturis erT-erTi ganmsazRvreli da 

140

amavdroulad wamyvani elementi mocemuli teritoriis reliefis 

xasiaTia da es vlindeba sacxovreblis sivrciT da siluetur 

gadawyvetaSic, kerZod saxlis moculobiTi elementebis (Tvali) 

safexurovan ganawilebaSi. sxvadasxva saxis sacxovrebeli, 

sameurneo-sayofacxovrebo moculobis organizebisas aqtiurad 

iyenebdnen qanobs da utilitaruli daniSnulebiT Tu miwis 

ekonomiidan gamomdinare, iWreboda mTis daqanebul ferdebSic. 

daskvna. sadReisod sacxovrisis formirebis Tanamedrove 

tendenciebis SeTanxmeba adgilobriv progresul samSeneblo 

tradiciebTan safuZvelia mTiani raionebis sacxovrebeli 

garemos infrastruqturis Semdgomi ganviTarebisTvis. 

Tanamedrove kompleqsuri mSeneblobebis pirobebSi Znelia 

landSaftis xeluxeblad SenarCuneba, magram amocanis warmatebiT 

gadaWra mdgomareobs imaSi, rom sacxovrebeli garemos Seqmnisas 

uzrunvelyofil iqnes yvela komponentis urTierTkavSiri 

rogorc arqiteqturulisa da samSeneblos, ise landSaftis. 

vfiqrobT, qvemoTCamoTvlili Zveli tradiciebi gansakuTrebiT 

progresulia da isini saqarTvelos Tanamedrove arqiteqturuli 

praqtikis SemoqmedebiTi mimarTulebiT ganxorcielebisas 

novatoruli Ziebis stimulirebas uwyobs xels, kerZod: 

teritoriuli resursebis racionaluri gamoyeneba. rac 

gulisxmobs ganaSenianebas soflis meurneobis warmoebisTvis 

gamousadegar miwebze; 

sacxovrebeli ganaSenianebis garemo landSaftsa da bunebriv 

garemosTan harmoniuli kavSiri; garemos masStabis SenarCuneba; 

bunebrivi warmonaqmnebis wyobis ucvlelad SenarCuneba; 

landSaftis bunebrivi elementebis aqtiuri CarTva 

ganaSenianebis saerTo sivrciT-moculobiT struqturaSi; 

mimdebare ferdobis bunebrivi monacemebis maqsimalurad 

gamoyeneba kaskaduri or-samsarTuliani saxlebisa da gruntSi 

SeWrili sameurneo Tu sacxovrebeli nagebobebis 

mSeneblobisas; 

141

sxvadasxva qanobisa da eqspoziciis mqone ferdobebze 

terasuli ganaSenianebis organizeba, kompaqturobis principis 

gamoyenebiT; 

calkeuli nagebobebis individualuri arqiteqturuli ieris 

Camoyalibeba im pirobebSi, rodesac ganaSenianebis vizualuri 

erTianobis dacva, sacxovreblebis kompleqsuri gegmarebisas, 

principulad wamyvan moTxovnad rCeba. es ki SenobaTa 

moculobiTi elementebisa da proporciebis Sefardebis 

mravalferovani varirebiT miiRweva; 

tradiciulad sacxovreblis Sida struqturis gare saxeze 

asaxva. arqiteqturuli moculobisa da fasadebis kompoziciuri 

ageba, Senobis xasiaTisa da saTavsebis daniSnulebis mixedviT; 

sacxovrisis dagegmarebiTi erTianoba, misi nawilebisa da 

zonebis Rrmad gaazrebuli funqciuri urTierTkavSirebi, 

sadac sacxovrebeli da sayofacxovrebo daniSnulebis 

nagebobebi bunebriv, srulyofil, erTian arqiteqturul 

organizms qmnis; 

mTis sacxovrisis sazafxulo saTavsebis e.w. kompoziciuri da 

funqciuri kvanZebis diferenciacia, lokaluri klimaturi 

Taviseburebidan gamomdinare; 

adgilobrivi samSeneblo masalebis (qva, Tixa, xe da sxva) 

mdidari dekoratiuli, plastikuri Tvisebebisa da faqturis 

farTod gamoyeneba. sacxovreblis konstruqciuli elementebis 

(svetebis, koWebis, fanjris alaTebis da sxva) mxatvrul- 

dekoratiuli damuSaveba, rac amaRlebs sacxovrebeli garemos 

esTetikur gamomsaxvelobas. 

xalxuri xuroTmoZRvrebis Seswavlisas gamovlenili, 

zemoCamoTvlili, mTeli rigi progresuli tradiciebis 

gaanalizebasa da Sedegad Camoyalibebuli rekomendaciebis 

gaTvaliswinebas mivyavarT mTiani teritoriebis aTvisebis 

problemis gadaWramde – isini gansakuTrebiT faseulia rogorc 

mxatvrul-arqiteqturul, aseve qalaqgegmarebiT aspeqtebze 

142

yuradRebis gasamaxvileblad. es ki adgilobrivi 

mosaxleobisTvis niSnavs am specifikur pirobebSi sacxovrisis, 

igive harmoniuli qalaqgegmarebiTi, sacxovrebeli, saqmiani 

garemos organizebas mis dauzianeblad. 

winaparTa tradiciebi da gamocdileba mxedvelobaSi miiReba 

sacxovrebeli saxlebis interieris sivrciTi organizebisa da 

misi mxatvrul-dekoratiuli gadawyvetisas. 

amavdroulad sayuradReboa, rom axali mSeneblobebisas 

gamoyenebulma tradiciulma elementebma ar miiRos e.w. „fsevdo- 

eTnikuri stilis“ an mdare butaforiis saxe. 

interieris TiToeul elementsa Tu detals gamarTlebuli 

konstruqciuli, yofiTi Tu utilitaruli datvirTva unda 

hqondes. 

udavoa, rom dRes Secvlilia Tanamedrove yofa-cxovrebis 

pirobebi, rac Sesabamis moTxovnebsac ganapirobebs, magram am 

SemTxvevaSic, sasurvelia interierSi SenarCundes sivrcis 

organizebisa Tu dekorirebis avTentikuri da tradiciuli 

xasiaTi. mniSvnelovani amocanaa interieris sivrciTi Tu 

dekoratiuli xasiaTis ganviTareba Sesabamisi genezisis 

matarebeli iyos, radganac is Taobebis mier gamomuSavda da 

aswleulebis manZilze daixvewa. interieris organizebis 

principebi xom, rogorc zemoT vnaxeT, bunebriv-klimaturi 

pirobebidan, reliefis da adgilobrivi samSeneblo- 

mosapirkeTebeli masalebis Taviseburebidan gamomdinareobs da 

yofaze maqsimaluradaa morgebuli. 

didi sifrTxiliTaa saWiro interierSi gamoyenebuli 

mosapirkeTebeli masalebis feris, faqturis, teqsturisa Tu sxva 

maxasiaTeblebis SerCeva. sasurvelia, rom interieris sxvadasxva 

elementis mosapirkeTeblad upiratesoba adgilobriv masalebs 

mieniWos, kerZod: 

WerisaTvis: SesaZloa gamoyenebul iqnes fiqali qva, romelic 

TviTmzidi konstruqciaa, xis koWebi da uxeSad damuSavebuli 

SebaTqaSebuli Werebi. 

143

iatakisaTvis: pirvel sarTulze SesaZloa bunebrivi qvis didi 

filebis e.w. ”sipis”, aseve keramikuli da granitis filebis 

gamoyeneba, xolo saZinebel oTaxebSi daumuSavebeli xis 

ficruli iatakis gamoyeneba. 

kedlebisaTvis: mosapirkeTeblad SesaZlebelia gamoyenebul 

iqnes adgilobrivi bunebrivi qva – fiqali. kedlis zedapirebi, 

maT Soris gamownuli kedlebic (tixrebi), uxeSad (TixiT) 

gailesos. 

saxlebis sankvanZebis kedlebic sasurvelia mopirkeTdes sada, 

bunebrivi an bunebrivTan maqsimalurad miaxloebuli faqturis 

mqone mosapirkeTebeli masaliT. SesaZlebelia qvisa da xis 

detalebis fragmentulad CarTva. 

aseT garemos gansakuTrebiT organulad exameba interieris e.w. 

”brutaluri” stili, romelic „bungaloebSi,“ “ranCoebSi”, 

“xiJinebsa”da”SaleebSi” gamoiyeneba. 

interieris sxva detalebi: sayrdeni svetebi, koWebi, fanjris 

alaTebi, karebi da sxva sasurvelia Sesruldes uxeSad 

damuSavebuli xis masaliT. 

sayuradReboa, rom, rogorc wesi, tradiciuli ieris 

interierebis mosapirkeTeblad araa rekomendebuli Tanamedrove 

sinTetikuri masalebis, aluminisa Tu qromirebuli liTonis 

detalebis gamoyeneba. 

interieris mniSvnelovani elementi avejia. is, yvelaferTan 

erTad, qmnis interieris erTian saxes, amitom sasurvelia, rom 

tradiciuli, bunebrivi masaliT iyos damzadebuli da 

adgilobrivi dekoratiuli elementebiT Semkuli. SesaZlebelia 

gakeTdes tradiciuli stilis xevsuruli e.w. “Cafebis” (mogrZo 

formis dawnuli kalaTebi, romlebSic qalebi da bavSvebi 

iZinebdnen) an „laWnebis“ (grZeli taxti, romelzec sigrZeze 

wveba ori adamiani) msgavsi sawolebi, ornamentirebuli xis 

taxtebi. Cveulebriv karadebTan erTad SesaZloa gamoyenebul 

iqnes e.w. “qandarebi” _ xis xarixebi, razec xevsurebi, 

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tradiciisamebr, TavianT tanisamos ”talavars” da fardagebs 

kidebdnen. 

produqtisa da inventaris Sesanaxad SesaZlebelia godrebis 

da kidobnebis e.w. xevsuruli “tagrucis” (erTgvari xis patara 

uTavsaxuro kidobani) gamoyeneba. 

interiers ganumeorebel saxes aZlevs Zveleburi skivrebi, 

Taroebi, magida-tabla, xis dabali skamebi da xevsuruli 

fardagebi. 

saerTo (e.w. ”samyofo”) oTaxSi SesaZlebelia gakeTdes keria 

(Sua cecxli) da mis Tavze e.w. ”asayarze” gadebul xeze 

Camoikidos sakideli kauWiT. 

avejTan erTad, gansakuTrebuli sifaqiziT, unda SeirCes 

loginis TeTreuli, saZineblis aqsesuarebi da WurWeli. 

winamdebare masalis safuZvelze SesaZlebelia Camoyalibdes 

daskvna. im sacxovrebeli saxlis daproeqtebisas, romelic 

SesaZlebelia vizitorTaA misaRebad transformirdes, 

racionaluri moculobiT-gegmarebiTi gadawyvetis garda, 

rekomendebulia aqcenti gadatanil iqnes, garemosTan 

harmoniulad Serwymul, saintereso, tradiciul sawyisebze 

aRmocenebul, nagebobis Siga da gare, arqiteqturuli ieris 

Camoyalibebaze. rac plastikis, proporciebis, formebis swori 

kompoziciuri dalagebiTa da diferencirebiT, tradiciuli da 

axali elementebis erTmaneTTan mxatvruli misadagebiT, 

adgilobrivi bunebrivi samSeneblo da mosapirkeTebeli 

masalebis, avejisa da aqsesuarebis sworad SerCeviT miiRweva. 

3.3. zogadi moTxovnebi xevsureTis regionSi sacxovrisis 

ganaSenianebisTvis 

ZiriTadi qalaqgegmarebiTi moTxovnebiT arsebuli 

sacxovrebeli ganaSenianebisaTvis teritoriebis gamoyeneba da 

regulireba unda ganxorcieldes ganaSenianebis ZiriTadi 

debulebebis, kulturuli memkvidreobisa da garemos dacviTi 

kanonmdeblobis moTxovnaTa gaTvaliswinebiT (saqarTveloSi 

dasaxlebaTa teritoriebis gamoyenebisa da ganaSenianebis 

145

egulirebis ZiriTadi debulebebi 08.07.08, Tavi II, muxli 4, 

punqti 4, gv. 5). 

mniSvnelovania is garemoeba, rom dasaxlebis ganaSenianebaSi 

gamosayenebeli, Cven mier rekomendebuli, sacxovrisis tipi 

konkretul qalaqgegmarebiT pirobebs racionalurad moergos da 

dasaxlebis sxvadasxva xarisxis qalaqgegmarebiTi Rirebulebis 

zonebis Sesaferisi simWidrove (maRali, saSualo, dabali) 

uzrunvelyos (muxli 13. punqti 1. gv. 15). 

dasaxlebis unikaluri saxis SenarCunebis da dausaxlebeli 

adgilebisTvis Seqmnis mizniT aRniSnuli saxlebis mSenebloba 

rekomendebulia individualuri proeqtebiT ganxorcieldes. 

Tumca, ar gamoiricxeba sabaziso-etalonuri proeqtebis seriebis 

damuSaveba da gamoyenebac, romlebic SemuSavebuli iqneba 

sanitariul-higienuri, arqiteqturul-konstruqciuli, 

qalaqgegmarebiTi, xanZarsawinaaRo da sxva normatiuli 

moTxovnebis, aseve moqmedi samSeneblo normebis da wesebis 

dacvisa da winamdebare naSromSi Camoyalibebuli 

rekomendaciebisa da miTiTebebis safuZvelze. 

istoriulad Camoyalibebul garemoSi ganxorcielebuli 

revitalizaciis Tu samSeneblo samuSaoebi unda uzrunvelyofdes 

Semdeg zogad qalaqgegmarebiT moTxovnebs: 

ganaSenianebis formebisa da parametrebis SenarCuneba; 

saSualo sarTulianobis dacva; 

ganaSenianebul da Tavisufal sivrceTa monacvleobis ritmis 

dacva; 

erTiani vizualuri kavSiris SenarCuneba; 

arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, wiTeli xazis frontis dacva da sxva. 

arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis revitalizaciisa da axali 

mSeneblobis sawarmoeblad, rekomendebulia gamoyenebul iqnes 

xevsureTis regionSi arsebuli teritoriuli rezervebis sami 

ZiriTadi jgufi: 

1. dasaxlebis sazRvrebSi arsebuli gauSenebeli teritoria; 

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2. dasaxlebis sazRvrebSi arsebuli ganaSenianebuli teritoria; 

3. soflisa Tu dasaxlebis sazRvrebs gareT arsebuli 

Tavisufali teritoria. 

aRniSnul teritoriul rezervebze mSeneblobis sawarmoeblad 

SesaZlebelia SeirCes sxvadasxva moculobiT-gegmarebiTi 

struqturis Senobebi, kerZod: 

1. dasaxlebis sazRvrebSi arsebuli gauSenebel teritoriaze 

rekomendebulia orientacia aRebuli iqnes Semdeg zonebze: 

regionis soflisa Tu dasaxlebis sazRvrebSi arsebuli, 

mSeneblobisTvis gamouyenebuli Tavisufali teritoriebi 

(rTuli reliefi, reliefis maRali daxriloba da sxva). am 

zonaSi mSeneblobebisTvis SesaZlebelia Semdegi tipis saxlebis 

gamoyeneba: 

a. blokirebuli tipi _ sakarmidamo miwis nakveTebis farTobi 

_ patara da saSualo dasaxlebebisTvis, SesaZloa, ganaSenianebis 

farTobis CaTvliT, iyos 200_600 kv m farglebSi, xolo 

ganaSenianebis farTobis CauTvlelad _ 100_300 kv.m.-mde. 

b. terasuli tipi – sxvadasxva moculobiT-gegmarebiTi 

struqturis or da metbiniani blok-seqciebisa an blok-binebisgan 

Semdgari sacxovrebeli saxlebi, sakarmidamo miwis nakveTis 

gareSe. maTi gamoyeneba rekomendebulia didi daxrilobis (28-50%) 

mqone teritoriebis ganaSenianebisaTvis. (ix. nax. # ) 

g. kombinirebuli sturqturis tipi – sxvadasxva moculobiT- 

gegmarebiTi struqturis, ori da met biniani blok-seqciebiT 

kombinirebuli sacxovrebeli saxlebi, naxevrad Ria Siga ezoebiT 

an terasebiT. 

2. dasaxlebis sazRvrebSi arsebuli ganaSenianebuli teritoria. 

SesaZlebelia orientacia aRebul iqnes Semdeg teritoriul 

zonebze: 

a. arsebul sakarmidamo nakveTebze ganaSenianeba; 

b. sakarmidamo miwis nakveTebis gareSe ganaSenianeba. 

aRniSnul teritoriaze SesaZlebelia Semdegi tipis saxlebis 

gamoyeneba: 

147

- sakarmidamo tipi; 

- blokirebuli tipi; 

- terasuli tipi. 

3. dasaxlebis sazRvrebs gareT arsebuli Tavisufali teritoria. 

igulisxmeba teritoriuli zonebi: 

a. rekriaciuli resursisa da unikaluri landSaftis mqone 

teritoriebi; 

b. teritoriebi axali ganaSenianebisaTvis; 

g. arsebuli dasaxlebebis ganviTarebisTvis gamoyofili 

teritoriebi. 

aRniSnuli tradiciuli dasaxlebisa Tu soflis sazRvrebs 

gareT arsebul yvela zemoCamoTvlil gauSenebel teritoriaze 

mSeneblobisTvis SesaZlebelia gamoyenebul iqnes sxvadasxva 

tipis saxlebi. maTi tipis SerCeva da sakarmidamo miwis 

nakveTebis farTobebi ganisazRvreba saproeqto davalebidan 

gamomdinare, kerZod: 

I. sakarmidamo tipi - sxvadasxva gegmarebiTi struqturis erT- 

biniani sacxovrebeli saxli. misi sakarmidamo miwis nakveTis 

farTobi damokidebulia konkretul pirobebze _ patara masS- 

tabis dasaxlebebisaTvis sakarmidamo nakveTis farTobi SesaZle- 

belia, ganaSenianebis farTis CaTvliT, meryeobdes 400_600 kv m 

Soris. nax. 76 

II. blokirebuli tipi - sxvadasxva dagegmarebiTi struqturis 

blok-binebi, ganawilebuli (erTriga, orriga, terasuli da sxva) 

xerxiT. misi sakarmidamo nakveTis farTobi rekomendebulia, rom 

Seadgendes 600-dan 800 kv m-mde, ganaSenianebis farTobis CaTvliT 

da 100_300 kv m-mde ganaSenianebis farTobis CauTvlelad. 

III. kombinirebuli struqturis tipi – sxvadasxva moculobiT- 

gegmarebiTi struqturis, ori da metbiniani blok-seqciebiT 

kombinirebuli sacxovrebeli saxli, naxevrad Ria Siga ezoTi an 

terasiT. (ix. nax. # ) 

dasaxlebisTvis damatebiTi funqciis miniWebis mizniT, 

SesaZlebelia gamoyenebul iqnes garkveuli qalaqgegmarebiTi 

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xerxebi, kerZod: SenobaTa pirvel sarTulebze sazogadoebrivi, 

sayofacxovrebo, kvebis obieqtebis, sxvadasxva saxelosnos 

ganTavseba. 

vinaidan, jerjerobiT ar ikveTeba konkretuli 

saxelmwifoebrivi pozicia xevsureTis regionTan mimarTebaSi, 

SesaZlebelia uaxloes momavalSi mizanSewonilad iqnes miCneuli 

regionSi fragmentulad adgil-adgil aSendes an restavrirdes 

sasignalo ramdenime obieqti, romelic erTgvari msubuqi 

lentiviT gadauvlis mTel xevsureTs. moewyoba droebiTi 

TavSesafrebi, turistebis kvebis, sadResaswaulo da tradiciuli 

kulturuli TavSeyris punqtebi da es gaxdeba regionis 

rekreaciuli resursebis gamoyenebis SesaZleblobis erTgvari 

mosinjva. 

zogadi miTiTebebi konstruqciuli gadawyvetebisaTvis 

xevsureTis mTiani regionis specifikur garemoSi 

mSeneblobisTvis, sacxovrebeli saxlebis kostruqciuli 

gadawyvetebi, mizanSewonilia ganisazRvros Senobis moculobiT- 

gegmarebiTi struqturis, adgilobrivi bunebriv-klimaturi (mTis 

mkacri kontinenturi havis) pirobebis, samSeneblo-sawarmoo bazis 

mdgomareobis, teqnologiebisa da mSeneblobis organizebis 

TaviseburebaTa gaTvaliswinebis safuZvelze. 

amasTan, Senobis konstruqciuli gadawyvetebi damuSavebuli 

unda iqnes kompleqsurad: Senobis arqiteqturul-gegmarebiTi 

gadawyvetebis, sainJinro keTilmowyobis da masala-nakeTobaTa, 

TaviseburebaTa da sxva sakiTxebTan urTierTkavSirSi. 

aqve gasaTvaliswinebelia is garemoeba, rom regionSi 

mSeneblobis warmoeba mZlavri samSeneblo meqanizmebisa da 

teqnikis gamoyenebiT ar aris SesaZlebeli, amitom daproeqtebisas 

yuradReba unda gamaxvildes konstruqciebis wonis Semcirebazec. 

saeqspluatacio Tvisebebis gaumjobesebis mizniT, samSeneblo 

konstruqciebis SerCeva da maTi srulyofa rekomendebulia 

ganxorcieldes Semdegi faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT: 

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kedlebis dacva atmosferos mavne zegavlenisgan, rac bunebrivi 

pirobebis (mag., didTovloba) gaTvaliswinebiT gulisxmobs 

tradiciuli formis gadaxurvis konstruqciebis srulyofas. 

mniSvnelovania regionisTvis damaxasiaTebeli rTuli seismuri 

da klimaturi (miwisZvra, Zlieri qari, zvavebi, mewyerebi da sxva) 

pirobebisTvis konstruqtiuli sistemebis mdgradobis 

uzrunvelyofa ise, rom, avariis SemTxvevaSi, calkeuli mzidi 

konstruqciebis lokalurma dazianebam danarCeni sxva 

konstruqciebis progresuli (momentaluri) Camoqceva ar 

gamoiwvios. 

aseve yuradReba unda gamaxvildes saZirkvlebis 

konstruqciebis gaumjobesebaze, sxvadasxva gruntis (kldovani, 

mcocavi, Tixa niadagebi da a.S.) SemTxvevaSi, usafrTxoebis 

uzrunvelyofis mizniT. 

xevsureTis regionSi, sadac reliefis sirTulis gamo 

mSenebloba ZiriTadad mZlavri teqnikis gareSea SesaZlebeli, 

mniSvnelovania, rom samuSao maRali kvalifikaciis mqone 

specialistebis mier iqnes Sesrulebuli. 

xevsureTSi arsebuli adgilobrivi samSeneblo tradiciebis 

Sesabamisad, mciresarTuliani saxlebis sxvadasxva 

elementebisaTvis, mizanSewonilad migvaCnia gamoyenebul iqnes 

Semdegi saxis samSeneblo konstruqciuli gadawyvetebi da 

mosapirkeTebeli masalebi: 

gare kedlebi – bunebrivi qvis wyoba, wvrili samSeneblo 

bloki mopirkeTebuli adgilobrivi fiqaliT, aguri da sxva. 

Siga kedlebi _ bunebrivi qvis wyoba, xis panelebi, gamownuli 

xis tixrebi da sxva. 

gadaxurva – monoliTuri rkinabetoni xis koWebiT da 

nivnivebze mowyobili datkepnili miwis safari da a.S. 

saburveli _ konstruqciebis SerCeva sasurvelia moxdes 

adgilobrivi tradiciebis gaTvaliswinebiT da saburvelisTvis 

SeirCes adgilobrivi bunebrivi qva-fiqali tradiciuli wyobiT, 

romelic TviTmzidi konstruqciaa, kramiti da sxva. 

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saZirkvlebi _ konstruqciuli gadawyvetebi ganisazRvreba 

samSeneblo raionisTvis damaxasiaTebeli gruntis saxeobidan 

gamomdinare. ximinjebiani da wertilovani saZirkvlebis mowyoba 

mizanSewonili ar aris horizontalurad mcocavi gruntis 

pirobebSi. aseT SemTxvevebSi, aseve kedlebisa da gadaxurvis mZime 

konstruqciebis gamoyenebisas, upiratesoba unda mieniWos 

lenturi saZirkvlebis mowyobas. lenturi saZirkvlebi 

rekomendebulia sardafis mowyobis drosac. (ix. nax. # ) 

am SemTxvevaSi mizanSewonilia gamoyenebul iqnes saZirkvlebis 

sxvadasxva konstruqcia _ monoliTuri betoni, rkinabetoni, 

bunebrivi qva da sxva. 

warmodgenili yvela tipis sacxovrebeli saxl-sastumros 

konstruqciuli gadawyveta SemoTavazebulia zogadad. maTi 

mSeneblobisaTvis aseve SesaZlebelia gamoyenebul iqnes 

qarxnuli wvrili samSeneblo blokebi, rkinabetonis karkasi 

msubuqi SemavseblebiT an adgilobrivi samSeneblo masalebi 

(fleTili qva, xe). (ix. nax. # ) 

zogadi miTiTebebi sainJinro keTilmowyobisaTvis 

SenobaTa sainJinro keTilmowyoba unda pasuxobdes mudmiv 

mcxovrebTa da vizitorTa maRalkomfortuli sacxovrebeli 

sameurneo saqmianobis moxerxebulad warmoebas da aseve 

dasasvenebeli pirobebis Seqmnas, rac gulisxmobs, Senobebis 

saTanado wyalmomaragebiTa da sakanalizacio qselebiT 

uzrunvelyofas. maTi Sesruleba SesaZlebelia Semdegi saxiT: 

decentralizebuli wyalmomarageba (Saxturi WaburRilebi) 

erTi an ramdenime saxlisaTvis; 

decentralizebuli Camrecxi kanalizaciis sistema 

SemgrovebeliTa da asanizatoruli transportiT gataniT, erTi 

an ramdenime saxlisaTvis; 

decentralizebuli Camrecxi kanalizacia saTanado 

biologiuri, qimiuri an Termuli mowyobilobiT (sqemiT: 

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Canarecxebis Semgrovebeli – gaCereba da gauvnebloba, 

gamoyeneba _ miwis nakveTis sarwyavad); 

wyalmomaragebisa da sakanalizacio sistemebis garda, es 

Senobebi uzrunvelyofili unda iyos gaTbobiT (adgilobrivi 

generatori, mzis elementebi, eleqtroRumeli), ventilaciiT, 

eleqtromomaragebiT (centaluri an adgilobrivi), susti 

denebiTa da sxva aucilebeli sainJinro mowyobilobiT. 

mniSvnelovania, rom es saxlebi iyos e.w. “TviTkmari” da 

SeeZlos TavianTi moTxovnilebebis maqsimalurad avtonomiuri 

uzrunvelyofa. rac SesaZlebelia mzis elementebiTa da 

akumulatorebis gamoyenebiT, romlebic am pirobebisTvis erT- 

erTi yvelaze misaRebi formaa. 

sacxovrebeli saxlis gaTbobisa da ganiavebis sistemebi unda 

uzrunvelyofdes saTavsebSi mikroklimatisa da aeraciis 

saTanado pirobebs. 

bunebrivi ganiaveba SesaZlebelia ganxorcieldes haeris 

nakadis SemodinebiT sarkmlidan, fanjridan an saventilacio 

arxis meSveobiT. samzareuloSi, saabazanosa da saSrob 

saTavsebSi gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos gamwovi Saxtebi. 

rac Seexeba insolaciis pirobebs, sacxovrebel oTaxebsa da 

samzareulos unda hqondes bunebrivi ganaTeba(bgk) da misi 

koeficienti ar unda iyos 0,5%-ze naklebi saTavsis Sua nawilSi. 

(mSeneblobis nebarTvis gacemis wesi da sanebarTvo pirobebi. #57, 

2009 w. 24 marti. Tavi XXIII. muxli 98). 

garda Cven mier SemoTavazebuli rekomendaciebisa da 

winadadebebisa, aucilebelia aseT sacxovrebel saxlebSi, 

ZiriTadi sanitariul-higienuri da xanZarsawinaaRo moTxovnaTa 

dacva Sesrulebul iqnes, saqarTveloSi dReisTvis moqmedi, 

Sesabamisi normatiuli (mSeneblobis nebarTvis gacemis wesi da 

sanebarTvo pirobebi. #57, 2009w. 24 marti. Tavi XXIII. muxli 98) 

aqtebis gaTvaliswinebiT. 

mciresarTulian sacxovrebel saxlebSi saerTo sargeblobis 

saTavsTa daproeqtebisas, erTdroulad momxmarebel adamianTa 

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maqsimaluri raodenoba, sanitariuli moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, 

mizanSewonilia ganisazRvros 2_6 adamianiT. 

aseve ”saqarTveloSi dasaxlebaTa teritoriebis gamoyenebisa 

da ganaSenianebis regulirebis ZiriTadi debulebebiT” /08.07.08/ 

gansazRvruli zogierTi amJamad moqmedi samSeneblo normis 

Tanaxmad: 

Senobis miwiszeda sarTulianobis gansazRvrisas vxelmZRvane- 

lobT (muxli 3. punqti 14, gv. 4) mocemuli normativiT. 

Senobis sxvadasxva nawilis gansxvavebuli sarTulianobis 

SemTxvevaSi, aseve qanobian miwis nakveTze Senobebis 

ganTavsebisas, rodesac qanobis xarjze izrdeba sarTulianobis 

ricxvi, maSin sarTulianoba Senobis TiToeuli nawilisaTvis 

cal-calke ganisazRvreba (muxli 3. punqti 14, 15, 16; gv. 4); 

sacxovrebeli saTavsis simaRle – iatakidan Weramde 

ganisazRvreba muxli 3, punqti 24, gv. 5-is Tanaxmad; 

sacxovrebeli saxlisa da kibis ujredis farTobebi saWiroa 

daangariSdes /muxli3, punqti24, gv. 5 /-is Tanaxmad; 

terasis (bani) gansazRvra mocemulia muxli 3, punqti 27, gv. 5-ze; 

Senobis saangariSo zedapiri ganisazRvreba muxli 3, punqti 7, 

gv. 3-is Tanaxmad; 

mciresarTuliani sacxovrebeli saxl-sastumroebis 

keTilmowyobis da mikroklimatis ganmsazRvreli sxva 

parametrebi (gaTboba, ganaTeba, insolacia, sainJinro 

keTilmowyoba, ventilacia da sxva) aseve rekomendebulia 

Seesabamebodes samSeneblo normebiTa da wesebiT gansazRvrul 

moTxovnebs. 

samSeneblo samuSaoebis saxeebi, romlis mizania kulturuli 

memkvidreobis uZravi Zeglebis movla-patronoba. gansazRvrulia 

saqarTvelos kanonSi ,,kulturuli memkvidreobis Sesaxeb” (muxli 

3 punqti 61. gv. 7); 

a) Senoba-nagebobis rekonstruqcia – Senoba-nagebobebze axali 

sarTul(eb)is daSeneba an arsebuli sarTul(eb)is demontaJi, 

153

agreTve misi nebismieri sarTulis ganaSenianebis farTobis 

Secvla 1 m 2- ze metad (Tavi II, mux. 4. punq. 3-a) gv. 10); 

b) eqsterieris rekonstruqcia – eqsterieris (Senobis fasadis, 

saxuravis) arqiteqturuli nawilebis/elementebis gabaritebis 

Secvlis normebi (Tavi II; mux. 4. punq. 3-b; gv. 10) (12.08.2011 #315). 

g) mzidi elementebis rekonstruqcia – mzidi konstruqciis 

axliT an/da sxva tipis konstruqciiT Secvla, gamagreba, 

moSoreba, mzid konstruqciaSi Riobis gamoWra (mux. 4. punq. 3-g; 

gv. 10); 

d) remonti-SekeTeba, mopirkeTeba/aRWurva (12.08.2011 N#315) iseTi 

mSeneblobaa, romlis drosac defeqtebi aRmoifxvreba ise, rom 

ar icvleba mzidi konstruqciebi, kerZod: 

_ Senobis interierSi tixrebis gadaadgileba, axlis damateba 

an/da mokleba, aseve maTSi Riob(eb)is gamoWra (mux. 4. punq. 3gv. 10); 

_ Senoba-nagebobebis individualuri sargeblobis sainJinro- 

komunaluri qselebis SekeTeba (mux. 4, punq. 3, gv. 10). 

e) Senoba-nagebobis yvela saxis saremonto da mosapirkeTebeli, 

maT Soris fasadisa da saxuravis samuSaoTa Sesruleba, 

gabaritebisa da ieris arsebiTad Secvlis gareSe (garda kul- 

turuli memkvidreobis uZravi Zeglebisa) (mux. 4. punq. 3 gv. 10). 

mciresarTuliani saxlebis mSeneblobis sawarmoeblad 

Casatarebeli damatebiTi RonisZiebebi 

saqarTvelos maRalmTiani xevsureTis regionisTvis im 

sacxovrebeli saxlebis, romelTa transformireba 

SesaZlebelia sastumroebad, saTanado moculobiTi 

mSeneblobis uzrunvelsayofad, aucileblia SemuSavdes da 

praqtikaSi dainergos mTeli rigi kompleqsuri RonisZiebebi, 

kerZod: 

dasaxlebul adgilebsa da maT mimdebare teritoriebze 

mSeneblobisaTvis gankuTvnili miwis nakveTebis gamoyofa- 

rezervacia; 

gamoyofil nakveTebze Tanamedrove moTxovnebis Sesabamisad 

sainJinro-sakomunikacio qselebis mowyobis organizeba; 

154

mciresarTuliani sabinao mSeneblobis industriis Seqmna _ 

axali Semsubuqebuli konstruqciebis, racionaluri 

samSeneblo teqnologiebis, adgilobrivi samSeneblo 

masalebisa da msubuqi, mobiluri samSeneblo meqanizaciis 

gamoyenebis saSualebiT; 

xevsureTis maRalmTiani regionisTvis mciresarTuliani 

saxlebis, etalonur-sabaziso proeqtebis garkveuli 

asortimentis SemuSaveba da katalogis gamocema. 

im wesebis, normebis Tu sakanonmdeblo aqtebis srulyofa, 

romelTa safuZvelzec SesaZlebeli gaxdeba mciresarTuliani 

axali saxlebis daproeqteba da mSenebloba, aseve arsebuli 

sacxovrebeli fondis revitalizacia. 

sacxovrebeli saxlebis eqspluataciis savaraudo socialurekonomikuri 

efeqti 

rogorc ukve iTqva, ganxiluli tipis Senoba ormagi funqciis 

mqone sacxovriss warmoadgens, romlis struqtura saSualebas 

iZleva erT saxlSi komfortulad icxovron rogorc mudmivma 

mcxovreblebma, aseve vizitorebmac. regionaluri Taviseburebidan 

gamomdinare, am sacxovrebelSi aqcenti gakeTebulia aseve 

sameurneo-agraruli saqmianobis warmoebis SesaZleblobazec. 

saqarTveloSi, kerZod maRalmTian xevsureTis regionSi, 

stumris (turisti, eqskursanti, damsvenebeli da sxva) 

momsaxurebis donis asamaRleblad mizanSewonilia maTi 

sayofacxovrebo, sakurorto, kulturuli, samedicino, savaWro, 

satransporto da sxva saxis momsaxurebis koordinaciis sakiTxis 

gadawyvetac. kerZod, sasurvelia Seiqmnas erTiani momsaxurebis 

sistema, romelic aseTi tipis saxlebs gaaerTianebs da maT yvela 

saxis momsaxurebas (kvebis produqtebi, naxevarfabrikatebi, 

TeTreuli) gauwevs. 

maTi am saxiT koordinacia da erTiani momsaxurebis sistemis 

Seqmna xels Seuwyobs adgilobrivi sabinao fondis rezervebis 

gamoyenebas da maT turistul infrastruqturaSi CarTvas. aseve, 

turistuli momsaxurebis sferoSi SesaZlebeli gaxdeba ara 

155

marto mosaxleobis SromiTi resursebis gamoyeneba, aramed 

adgilobrivi, tradiciuli sasoflo-sameurneo warmoebiT 

miRebuli produqciis realizaciac, radgan ojaxuri meurneobis 

Sedegad miRebuli bunebrivi, ekologiurad sufTa produqtebiT 

turistebis uzrunvelyofa mniSvnelovnad zrdis momsaxurebis 

speqtrs da regionSi nameti produqtis gasaRebis bazars qmnis. 

Sesabamisad, garemosTan morgebuli sacxovrisis, romelSic, 

garda vizitoris dabinavebisa, kargadaa gamokveTili sameurneo- 

agraruli da mecxoveleobis sawarmoeblad gaTvlili funqciac, 

revitalizaciiT Tu axali Senobebis, xevsureTis regionis 

ganaSenianebaSi gamoyenebiTa da maTi Semdgomi eqspluataciiT, 

garkveuli socialuri, ekonomikuri da ekologiuri efeqti 

miiRweva, rogoricaa: 

regionisTvis damaxasiaTebeli sameurneo da socialur- 

kulturuli tradiciebis aRorZineba da Zveli sameurneo 

funqciis dabruneba. es umniSvnelovanesi faqtoria, radgan 

xevsureTi odiTganve erT-erTi wamyvani iyo saqarTvelos 

mravaldargovani mecxoveleobis racionaluri formebiTa da 

sistemebiT. es xels Seuwyobs, dReisTvis krizisul 

mdgomareobaSi myofi, regionis soflis meurneobis 

gamococxlebas. 

mcire da saSualo biznesisa da mewarmeobis ganviTareba 

adgilobrivi, bunebrivi da SromiTi resursebis racionaluri 

gamoyenebis gziT. rac dReisTvis saxelmwifoebrivi politikis 

erT-erTi mTavari mimarTulebaa; 

turistul infrastruqturaSi sxvadasxva profesiisa da 

asakis adgilobrivi mosaxleobis SromiTi resursebis CarTva da 

dasaqmeba, rac mniSvnelovnad Seuwyobs xels funqciis gareSe 

darCenili mkvidri mosaxleobis mentalur reabilitacias da 

mTel rig iseT sasikeTo procesebs ganapirobebs, rogorcaa: 

migraciis procesis SeCereba; 

TiTqmis ukve daclili regionis xelaxali aRorZineba; 

156

mTeli rigi socialur-ekonomikuri Tu demografiuli 

problemebis mogvareba; 

regionSi gamavali saxelmwifo sasazRvro zolis dacvis 

gaZliereba (rac aranakleb mniSvnelovania). 

regionSi arsebuli sacxovrebeli fondis revitalizacia xels 

Seuwyobs, rom mosaxleobam kidev ufro naTlad gaacnobieros, 

Tu ra faseulobas warmoadgens maTi kuTvnili, Zveli, 

tradiciuli saxlebi da sakulto nagebobebi, rom swored isini 

qmnian mTis soflisa Tu mTlianad maTi kuTxis individualur 

saxes. isini ara marto “mkvdari” kulturuli memkvidreoba, 

aramed, Tavis mxriv, vizitorebis didi interesis sagania. 

aseTi da gegmarebis mqone erT saxlSi, izolirebulad Tu 

sasurveli urTierTkavSiriT, komfortulad icxovrebs da 

sameurneo saqmianobas awarmoebs erTi ojaxis ramdenime (ori, 

sami) Taoba, rac, Tavis mxriv, saqarTvelos yofisTvis 

damaxasiaTebel, mravalTaobiani ojaxebis, tradiciis 

SenarCunebasac Seuwyobs xels. 

mciresarTulian sacxovrebel saxlebSi vizitorTa 

Tanacxovreba maspinZlis ojaxTan erTad, xSir SemTxvevaSi, 

damatebiTi dadebiTi faqtoria, romelic turistTa im kategorias 

izidavs, romelTac ojaxur, Tbil garemoSi yofnisa da 

urTierTobebis moTxovnileba aqvT. es xels uwyobs: 

mudmiv mcxovrebTa cxovrebis pirobebis mniSvnelovnad 

gaumjobesebas; 

vizitorTaTvis dasvenebis Sesabamisi pirobebis Seqmnas: 

saSualo materialuri SeZlebis damsvenebelTa komfortuli 

dasasvenebeli pirobebiT uzrunvelyofas. 

sayuradReboa is garemoebac, rom aseTi tipis momsaxurebisas 

sxvadasxva kuTxis da qveynis warmomadgenlebi, ufro axlos 

ecnobian erTmaneTis tradiciebs, yofa-cxovrebas, rac zrdis 

maTi msoflmxedvelobas, agreTve bunebrivad xsnis im 

”gaucxoebis” faqtors, romelic urbanizaciis process axlavs. 

157

aseTi tipis saxlebis turistul infrastruqturaSi CarTvas, 

rogorc biujetSi erT-erTi savaluto Semosavlebis wyaros, 

qveynisTvis mniSvnelovani ekonomikuri efeqtis motana SeuZlia. 

xevsureTis regionis, garemosTan kargad morgebuli 

sacxovrisis ganaSenianebaSi gamoyeneba xels Seuwyobs iseTi 

faqtorebis SenarCunebas, rogoricaa: 

regionis TviTmyofadobisa da unikaluri landSaftis 

SenarCuneba; 

bunebrivi sistemis, garemosa da ekologiuri balansis 

SenarCuneba; 

saerTo arqiteqturuli saxis SenarCuneba. 

mniSvnelovani faqtoria regionis turistuli 

infrastruqturis ganviTareba, rac TavisTavad eko (faqizi), 

agro, sasporto, saxelovnebo, eTno Tu sxva mravali saxeobis 

turizmis ganviTarebis sawindaria, romelic, Tavis mxriv, xels 

uwyobs: 

eTnokulturuli memkvidreobis Seswavla-popularizacias; 

regionSi arsebuli sakurorto-rekreaciuli da turistuli 

resursebis racionalur gamoyenebas da mitovebuli 

teritoriebis gegmazomier, normirebul aTvisebas. 

daskvnebi 

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom, pirvel etapze, SedarebiT martivi 

procesia, xevsureTSi arsebul sacxovrebel fondSi Semavali 

saxlebis, maT Soris: ”bankaloiani”da ”axali tipis” saxlebis 

revitalizacia ojaxuri tipis saxl-sastumroebad, radgan maTSi, 

met-naklebad, jer kidev SenarCunebulia sacxovrebeli pirobebi. 

rac Seexeba saxl-koSks e.w. ”qvitkirs” da cixe-koSks, isini am 

mimarTebiT gansxvavebul midgomas saWiroebs. 

am qveTavebis ganxilvis Semdeg SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom 

mciresarTuliani sacxovrebeli saxl-sastumroebis aSenebamde, 

winaswari monacemebis, mSeneblobis saxisa Tu organizebis 

formebis, regionalur da adgilobriv TaviseburebaTa 

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kompleqsis, menaSenis ZiriTad moTxovnaTa da eqspluataciis 

pirobebis gaTvaliswinebis safuZvelze, yoveli konkretuli 

SemTxvevisaTvis, sacxovrisis formirebisas ganisazRvreba: 





urTierTkavSirebi; 




saTavsTa funqciuri zonireba, maTi urTierTkavSirebisa da 


daskvna. sacxovrisis formirebis Tanamedrove tendenciebis 

SeTanxmeba adgilobriv progresul samSeneblo tradiciebTan 

mniSvnelovani safuZvelia mTiani raionebis sacxovrebeli 

garemos infrastruqturis Semdgomi ganviTarebisTvis. 

ra Tqma unda, Tanamedrove kompleqsuri mSeneblobebis 

pirobebSi Znelia landSaftis xeluxleblad SenarCuneba, magram 

dReisTvis amocanis warmatebiT gadaWra mdgomareobs imaSi, rom 

sacxovrebeli garemos Seqmnisas uzrunvelyofil iqnes yvela 

komponentis urTierTkavSiri rogorc arqiteqturulisa da 

samSeneblos, ise landSaftis. 

vinaidan, jerjerobiT ar ikveTeba konkretuli saxelmwifoeb- 

rivi pozicia xevsureTis regionTan mimarTebaSi, SesaZlebelia 

uaxloes momavalSi mizanSewonilad iqnes miCneuli regionSi 

fragmentulad aSendes an restavrirdes ramdenime sasignalo 

obieqti, romelic erTgvari msubuqi lentiviT gadauvlis mTel 

xevsureTs, sadac moewyoba droebiTi TavSesafrebi, turistebis 

kvebis, sadResaswaulo da tradiciuli kulturuli TavSeyris 

159

punqtebi da es SesaZloa gaxdes regionis rekreaciuli 

resursebis gamoyenebis SesaZleblobis erTgvari mosinjva. 

xalxuri xuroTmoZRvrebis Seswavlisas gamovlenili, mTeli 

rigi progresuli tradiciebis gaanalizebis Sedegad 

Camoyalibebuli rekomendaciebis gaTvaliswinebas mivyavarT 

mTiani teritoriebis aTvisebis problemis gadaWramde. isini 

gansakuTrebiT faseulia rogorc mxatvrul-arqiteqturul, aseve 

qalaqgegmarebiT aspeqtebze yuradRebis gasamaxvileblad. es 

adgilobrivi mosaxleobisTvis niSnavs am specifikur pirobebSi 

sacxovrisis, igive harmoniuli qalaqgegmarebiTi, sacxovrebeli, 

saqmiani garemos organizebas, mis dauzianeblad. 

3.2.2 daskvna. im sacxovrebeli saxlis daproeqtebisas, 

romelic SesaZlebelia vizitorTaA misaRebad transformirdes, 


rekomendebulia aqcenti gadatanil iqnes garemosTan 



Camoyalibebaze. es plastikis, proporciebis, formebis swori 

kompoziciuri dalagebiTa da diferencirebiT, tradiciuli da 

axali elementebis erTmaneTTan mxatvruli misadagebiT, 



sabolood SeiZleba iTqvas, rom: 

Cven mier Camoyalibebuli rekomendaciebi, winadadebebi da 

miTiTebebi, rekreaciuli faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT, 

warmoadgens Teoriul safuZvels xevsureTSi mciresarTuliani 

axali tipis sacxovrisis formirebisa da mSeneblobisaTvis. 

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom mTiani regionebis aRorZinebis 

nacionaluri programa saqarTveloSi qalaqmgegmareblebis, 

sociologebis, ekonomistebis da sxva specialistebis winaSe 

seriozul amocanebs ayenebs, radgan mTebi arc erT uzustobas 

da Secdomas ar patiobs, amitom Cveni upirvelesi amocanaa, 

bunebisa da garemos mimarT lmobieri, humanuri damokidebuleba, 

160

masStabis dacva. Tavad mTebi frTxili da windaxedulia 

yovelgvari radikaluris mimarT, maTTvis Zvirfasia yovelive 

tradiciuli, radgan istoriasTan pirdapiri kavSiri aqvs. 

SesaZloa, xeluxlebeli bunebiT, Sua saukuneebidan momzirali 

xevsureTi ufro sulieri da axlobelia, magram unda gamoinaxos 

Sualeduri midgoma. bunebis silamazisken, misi 

xelSeuxeblobisken unda mivideT sxva gziT, unda 

gavufrTxildeT, movuaroT, CavwvdeT mas, rogorc istoriis da 

kulturis Zeglebs, magram ar mivatovoT da SevinarCunoT misi 

eTnografiuli, TviTmyofadi ieri. 

udavoa, rom araswori mimarTulebiT aRdgena-ganaxlebas kidev 

ufro didi zianis miyeneba SeuZlia, vidre obieqtis 

xeluxleblad datovebas. xSirad ismis mosazrebac, rom 

“davelodoT ukeTes droebas” da am teritoriebs nakrZalis 

statusi mivaniWoT”, rac zogjer erTad-erTi gamosavalia aseT 

situaciebSi, magram, Cven sinamdvileSi, umjobesia…swori gzis 

SerCeva samomavlo ganviTarebisTvis, radgan saqarTvelos ar aqvs 

imis fufuneba, Seinaxos mkvdari teritoriebi. 

aqedan gamomdinare, mTaSi Tanamedrove arqiteqtura unda 

ganviTardes axleburi poziciidan _ tradiciebisa da novatoro- 

bis faqizi sinTezis meTodiT. 

avtoriseuli: “uyureb am aqa-iq Semonaxul dacarielebul 

xevsurTa saxlebs da Zalian Tbili, magram sevdiani grZnoba 

geufleba. Tvalwin Caivlis maTi TavgadasavlebiT, yoveldRiuri 

sazrunaviT, siciliT da tiriliT, mtrobiT, siyvaruliT aRsavse 

cxovreba. raRac diadi, laRi, marTali, cota amoucnobi, cotac 

veluri, magram myudro da saocrad axlobelia yvelaferi, TavSi 

ki gitrialebs azri _ ar gamomecalos xelidan!... 

saerTo daskvnebi 

1. saqarTvelosTvis, rogorc mciremiwiani qveynisTvis, 

gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania, qveynis turistuli industria 

161


principiT ganviTardes. 

2. mTiani soflis Tanamedrove moTxovnebis Sesabamisad 

reabilitacia-keTilmowyoba metad rTuli da specifikuri 

sakiTxia; radgan aq wlebis manZilze yofiTi Tu socialuri 

procesebi qaosurad mimdinareobda da did siZneleebTan iyo 

dakavSirebuli, es garemoeba sakiTxis mravalmxrivi Seswavlis 

aucileblobas da mniSvnelobas ufro metad warmoaCens. gv3 

3. regionaluri ganviTarebis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani amocanaa 


racionaluri da, amave dros, esTetikuri sacxovrebeli- 

sameurneo Tu dasasvenebeli garemos formireba, raSic erT- 

erTi wamyvani roli arqiteqturas eniWeba. 

4. xevsureTi saqarTvelos erT-erTi sasazRvro da amavdroulad 

amJamad erT-erTi yvelaze savalalo mdgomareobaSi myofi 

regionia, rac ganpirobebulia socialur-demografiuli Tu 

ekonomikuri faqtorebiT. es garemoeba, aq arsebuli istoriul- 

kulturuli Tu arqiteqturuli Zeglebis mZime mdgomareobasac 

ganapirobebs, rac gadaudebel da swraf reagirebas saWiroebs. 

5. xevsureTis regions didi turistul-rekreaciuli resursi 

gaaCnia, romelic turizmis sxvadaxsva saxeobis ganviTarebis 

SesaZleblobas iZleva. mniSvnelovania, rom am resursebis 

racionalurad gamoyeneba moxdes arsebuli ekosistemis da 

landSaftis dauzianeblad. 

6. qveyanaSi turistuli industriis ganviTarebasTan erTad, 

aucilebeli piroba regionebis ekologiuri wonasworobis, misi 

TviTmyofadobisa (kulturuli memkvidreobis, adgilobriv 

mosaxleobaSi gavrcelebuli tradiciuli xalxuri rewvis 

dargebis) da garemo landSaftze datvirTvis regulirebis 

sakiTxis yovelmxrivi uzrunvelyofaa, kvalificiuri 

specialistebis erToblivi, SeTanxmebuli, kvlevebsa da 

analizze damyarebuli moqmedebiT. konfliqti, mTebis dacvis 

162

aucileblobasa da samTo turizms Soris, unda gadawydes 

garemos dacvis normebis farglebSi. 

7. globalizaciis epoqaSi, mTis soflebis aRdgena-SenarCunebasa 

da iq arsebuli resursebis infrastruqturaSi integrirebis 

process mniSvnelovania, rom safuZvlad daedos kulturuli 

da yofiTi tradiciebisa Tu sameurneo saqmianobis ganaxleba 

da SenarCuneba, risi miRwevac SesaZlebelia revitalizaciis 

procesiT, rac Zvelis safuZvelze ara marto arqiteqturuli 

garemos, aramed ekonomikuri, fizikuri, socialuri 

struqturebis ganaxlebasac gulisxmobs. 

8. xevsureTis qveynis sameurneo industriaSi, mis turistul 

infrastruqturaSi CarTvisaTvis erTerTi realuri gzaa: 

turistTa da sxva vizitorTa droebiTi komfortuli 


regionis mudmiv mcxovrebTa yofa-cxovrebisa da sameurneo 


amisTvis mizanSewonilia regionis sacxovrebeli fondis 

aqtiuri gamoyeneba. amaSi, erTi mxriv, regionis TaviseburebaTa 

kompleqsis gaTvaliswinebis safuZvelze, iseTi axali 

sacxovrebeli saxlebis mSenebloba da, meore mxriv, arsebuli 

sacxovrebeli fondis revitalizacia, nawili arsebuli 

Senobebis saojaxo saxl-sastumroebad adaptireba moiazreba, 

sadac amavdroulad SesaZlebeli iqneba tradiciuli sameurneo 

saqmianobis srulyofilad warmarTvac, ise, rom 

uzrunvelyofili iqnes orive mxaris _ mudmiv mcxovrebTa da 

vizitorTa srulfasovani yofa-cxovrebisa da dasvenebis 

pirobebi. 

9. turistulad ganviTarebuli sazRvargareTis qveynebis 

praqtikis Seswavla-analizi gviCvenebs, kurortebze da Zveli 

dasaxlebebis revitalizaciisas, didi xania farTodaa 

gavrcelebuli arsebuli saxlebis mcire saojaxo e.w. saxl- 

sastumroebad adaptaciis praqtika, maTi keTilmowyoba, 

damatebiTi meurneobis warmoebisa da turistul momsaxurebaSi 

163

CarTvis SesaZleblobiT. samamulo praqtikaSic arsebobs am 

Temis momcveli samecniero baza, magram aris bevri sakiTxi, 

romelic moiTxovs ufro safuZvlian da Rrma Seswavlas. 

10. mocemuli sferos aTvisebisas, rogorc arsebuli ucxouri, 

aseve samamulo mecnieruli da praqtikuli gamocdilebis 

gacnoba-gaziareba aucilebel pirobas warmoadgens, problemis 

gadaWrisa da Sesabamisi Sedegis misaRwevad. 

11. istoriuli, eTnografiuli adgilis saTuTi ganaxleba 

(revitalizacia) ar niSnavs, rom is ar daicva dangrevis, Tu 

misi mowyobisadmi araprofesiuli midgomisagan. es, pirvel 

rigSi, niSnavs gaisarjo diferencirebuli samSeneblo 

kulturisaTvis. xolo samSeneblo kultura awmyoSi 

ganisazRvreba imiT, Tu rogor vudgebiT da vepyrobiT Cven 

Zeglebs, maT individualobasa da im mniSvnelobas, romelic am 

adgilmdebarobisaTvis gaaCniaT. 

12. arsebuli dasaxlebebis aRSenebisas yvela Zvel, Semadgenel 

nawilTan SeTanxmeba, maTi xasiaTis gaTvaliswineba da 

SenarCuneba ufro met samuSaos moiTxovs, vidre axal adgilas 

maTi daproeqteba da aSeneba, magram, amavdroulad, es ufro 

faseulia. 

13. Zvel ganaSenianebaSi axlad Seqmnili sivrceebi, arsebulis 

monaTesaveni unda iyon da ara klonebi, rac restavracia- 

revitalizaciisas erT-erT yvelaze mniSvnelovan Sedegad 

moiazreba. 

14. sadReisod maRalmTiani regionebisadmi saxelmwifoebrivi 

midgoma radikalurad da sasikeTod aris Secvlili, rac 

udavod realuri perspeqtivaa maTi ganviTarebisTvis. magram 

konkretulad xevsureTis regionSi es procesi jerjerobiT 

naklebad SeiniSneba, Tumca saxelmwifos mxridan erTeuli 

mcdelobebi mainc saxezea. 

15. regionis mxardasaWerad saxelmwifosaA Tu sxva jgufebis 

iniciativebi da qmediTi nabijebi warmatebul Sedegs iZleva da 

regionSi mosaxleobis mxridan jerjerobiT mcire ricxvis, 

164

magram mainc dabrunebis precedents qmnis da momavlis imeds 

saxavs. 

16. xevsureTis regionSi vizitorTa stacionarulad ganTavsebis 

erTaderT adgils, miuxedavad imisa, rom arsebuli saxlebis 

umetes nawilSi /90%/ Seqmnili pirobebi nawilobriv an 

absoluturad ver uzrunvelyofs vizitorTa cxovrebisaTvis 

aucilebel moTxovnebs, mainc regionSi arsebuli 

sacxovrebeli fondi warmoadgens. arsebuli viTarebidan 

gamomdinare, swored sacxovrebels aqvs dakisrebuli axali 

damatebiTi da metad mniSvnelovani funqcia _ vizitoris 

miReba-dabinaveba. 

17. mTis soflebSi mosaxleobis mxridan, rigi mizezebis gamo, 

mTis regionis specifikis gauTvaliswineblad mimdinareobs 

saxlebis TviTneburi mSenebloba-adaptirebis procesi, es 

isedac savalalo mdgomareobaSi myofi, istoriuli- 

eTnografiuli ganaSenianebis kidev ufro aqtiur 

gauferulebasa da rRvevas iwvevs, amitom aRniSnuli sakiTxi 

profesiul doneze Seswavla-damuSavebas da swraf reagirebas 

moiTxovs. 

18. xevsureTis regionSi amJamad arsebuli sacxovrebeli saxlebi 

SesaZlebelia daiyos rva gansxvavebul tipad, romelTagan 

nawili warmoadgens Zvel tradiciul xevsurul sacxovriss 

(koSkebi, “qviTkiri”, “bankaloiani” da “fSauri” (sabZluri) 

saxlebi). isini TavianTi gegmarebiTi struqturiT organuladaa 

morgebuli regionisTvis damaxasiaTebel, bunebriv-klimatur 

Tu sameurneo pirobebs, xolo nawili SedarebiT axalia 

(“baruli”, unificirebuli-e.w. ”finuri” da a.S.), gadmotanilia 

sxva regionebidan da naklebadaa adaptirebuli konkretuli 

regionis TaviseburebaTa kompleqsis mimarT. 

19. regionSi amJamad arsebuli tradiciuli saxlebis tipebi, maTi 

dRevandeli fizikuri mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT miCneulia 

Sesabamis obieqtad, raTa SemdgomSi SesaZlebeli gaxdes maTi 

ara mxolod rogorc saintereso eTnografiuli Zeglis 

165

(turproduqtis), aramed turistul infrastruqturaSi CarTvis 

mizniT gamoyeneba, maTi revitalizaciis Sedegad. 

20. yvela tipis sacxovrisSi, uSualod sacxovrebeli Senobis 

garda, gasaTvaliswinebelia axal funqciebs kargad 

morgebuli, amave dros tradiciul genezisze dafuZnebuli, 

sasoflo-sameurneo zonis mowyoba, radgan sacxovrisis 

erTian struqturas saxlTan erTad mimdebare kar-midamoc 

qmnis. 

21. mciresarTuliani sacxovrebeli saxl-sastumroebis 

aSenebamde, winaswari monacemebis, mSeneblobis saxisa Tu 

organizebis formebis, regionalur da adgilobriv 

TaviseburebaTa kompleqsis, menaSenis ZiriTad moTxovnaTa da 

eqspluataciis pirobebis gaTvaliswinebiT, yoveli 

konkretuli SemTxvevisaTvis, sacxovrisis formirebisas 

ganisazRvreba: 





urTierTkavSiri; 




saTavsTa funqciuri zonireba, maTi urTierTkavSirisa da 


22. im sacxovrebeli saxlis daproeqtebisas, romelic 

SesaZlebelia vizitorTaA misaRebad transformirdes, 


rekomendebulia aqcenti gadatanil iqnes, garemosTan 



Camoyalibebaze. rac plastikis, proporciebis, formebis swori 

166

kompoziciuri dalagebiTa da diferencirebiT, tradiciuli 

da axali elementebis erTmaneTTan mxatvruli misadagebiT, 



23. xalxuri xuroTmoZRvrebis Seswavlisas gamovlenili, mTeli 

rigi progresuli tradiciebis gaanalizebasa da Sedegad 

Camoyalibebuli rekomendaciebis gaTvaliswinebas mivyavarT 

mTiani teritoriebis aTvisebis problemis gadaWramde – isini 

gansakuTrebiT faseulia rogorc mxatvrul-arqiteqturul, 

aseve qalaqgegmarebiT aspeqtebze yuradRebis 

gasamaxvileblad. es ki adgilobrivi mosaxleobisTvis niSnavs 

am specifikur pirobebSi sacxovrisis, igive harmoniuli 

qalaqgegmarebiTi, sacxovrebeli, saqmiani garemos organizebas 

mis dauzianeblad. 

24. sadReisod sacxovrisis formirebis Tanamedrove tendenciebis 

SeTanxmeba adgilobriv progresul samSeneblo tradiciebTan 

safuZvelia mTiani raionebis sacxovrebeli garemos 

infrastruqturis Semdgomi ganviTarebisTvis. 

25. araswori mimarTulebiT aRdgena-ganaxlebas kidev ufro didi 

zianis miyeneba SeuZlia, vidre obieqtis xeluxleblad 

datovebas. xSirad ismis mosazrebac, rom “davelodoT ukeTes 

droebas” da am teritoriebs nakrZalis statusi mivaniWoT”, 

rac zogjer erTad-erTi gamosavalia aseT situaciebSi; 

magram, Cven sinamdvileSi, umjobesia…swori gzis SerCeva 

samomavlo ganviTarebisTvis, radgan saqarTvelos ar aqvs imis 

fufuneba, Seinaxos mkvdari teritoriebi. 

gamoyenebuli literatura 

1 «Восточное Причерноморье» Стиль по ГОСТ 7.1—2003 и ГОСТ 7.82—2001 

(библиографическая запись)., 

2 Ксенофонт, «Анабазис» http://www.vehi.net/istoriya/grecia/ksenofont/anabazis/index.html 

3 Страбон География / пер. с др.-греч. Г. А. СтратановскогоКнига XI 

4 У Казобона — с. 490—533. Описание Кавказа, Гиркании, Парфии, 

Бактрии, Мидии, Армении. 

167

5 . (.»Из истории средневекового исскусства Грузии»Г. Чубинашвили, Д. 

Туманишвили 1990 gv 135.) 

6 cit. «Наследие древней Грузии» О. Лордкипанидзе 1989б gv. 9, 30, 224, 

324. 

7 ( Л.Сумбадзе. Типология грузинского народного жилища - тбилиси 2008 

стр.20) 

8 masala momawoda eTnograf-istorikosma iv. wiklaurma, 

risTvisac uRrmes madlobas vuxdi. 

9 Джавахишвили А.И., 1973. 122. 

10 b. gamyreliZe. xevsureTis sofeli da misi sameurneo 

tradiciebi. Tbilisi: mecniereba, 1989, gv. 64. 

11 (Л. Сумбадзе «Грузинское искусство»(Ars Georgia), Сборник работ 

институт истории Грузинского искусства АН ГСС, № 2, 1948, Тбилиси, 

Жилые дома Имерети», gv. 123-146. 

12 l. sumbaZe. krebulSi “kulturis Zeglebis megobrebi” № 25, 

1971 w. 

13 l. sumbaZe. rumineTis mecnierebaTa akademiis reviuSi 

“xelovnebis istoria”. 1972w. I wigni, IX tomi) 

14 s. makalaTia. fSavi _ saqarTvelos geografiuli 

sazogadoebis Sromebi, yofis damaxasiaTebeli realebi. 1939w 

15 g. Citaia. xevsuruli saxlis sene-analebi. iv. javaxiSvilis 

sax. istoriis institutis Sromebi, I. Tbilisi, 1947. 

16 vaxuSti (aRwera samefoisa saqarTveloisa. qarTlis 

cxovreba t. IV. Tb, 1973). 

17 

М.М. Джандиер и, Г.И. Лежава. Архитектура горных районов грузии. 

1940. gv 4. 

18 S. arabuli. ìstoriuli Tavgadasavali xevsurTa". Tb.: 2006. 

gamomc.”codna” gv. 5, 40, 41. 

19 С. Макалатия. Хевсуретия. 1940. c.11. 

20 cit. S. arabuli. ìstoriuli Tavgadasavali xevsurTa". Tb.: 

codna, 2006. gv. 5, 40, 41. 

fridrix ebertis fondi. ojaxuri turistuli biznesi, misi 

organizaciis da marTvis Taviseburebani. `Семейный туристический 

бизнес. Особенности организации и управления”. wigni gamocemulia 

saqarTvelos mTis moyvarulTa kavSiris mxardaWeriT. 

materialuri cvlileba da aramaterialuri kultura 

londonis istoriul gareubanSi 

uiliam mani 

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168

(avt. vladimer (lado) vardosaniZe, “ras da ratom ar vicavT 

`Zvel TbilisSi~ proeqti „urbanuli memkvidreobis SenarCuneba: 

konferenciis Tema 

„adgilis suli” 2010 wlis 3-6 ivnisi) 

169

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