g. surgulaZe, g. janeliZe, i. xuciSvili
g. surgulaZe, g. janeliZe, i. xuciSvili g. surgulaZe, g. janeliZe, i. xuciSvili
igi ganixileba rogorc ricxvis sididis Casawerad gamoyofili kidev erTi biti (anu ricxvis sididis Casawerad gamoiyeneba 16-ve biti), da maSin am ricxvis cvlilebis diapazoni iwyeba 0-dan da izrdeba 2-jer. tipebi float da double aRweren namdvil ricxvebs, amboben – ricxvebs “mcocavi wertiliT”. es niSnavs, rom xdeba ricxvis masStabireba wertilis gadacocebiT marcxniv an marjvniv. am dros ricxvis mniSvneloba rom ar Seicvalos, mas amravleben 10-is Sesabamis xarisxze (E=10). magaliTad, 123.456789=1.23456789 * E+2= 12345678.9 * E-5. aq +2 da -5 aris 10-is xarisxebi. float ikavebs mexsierebaSi 4 baits, double ki – 8 baits. amasTan double tipis cvlads uwodeben “mcocavi wertiliT ormagi sizustis” cvlads, radganac misi wiladi nawilis Sesanaxad gamoiyofa 52 biti, xolo float tipis cvladis wilad nawils eTmoba 23 biti. double tipTan SeiZleba gamoviyenoT modifikatori long. long double mexsierebaSi ikavebs 10 baits. cxrilSi moyvanilia yvela SesaZlo tipi modifikatorebis sxvadasxva kombinaciebiT tipi zoma baitebSi (bitebSi) mniSvnelobaTa diapazoni char 1 (8) -128 - dan +127-mde unsigned char 1 (8) 0 - dan +255-mde signed char 1 (8) -128 - dan +127-mde int 2 (16) -32768 - dan +32767-mde unsigned int 2 (16) 0 - dan +65535-mde signed int 2 (16) -32768 - dan +32767-mde short int 2 (16) -32768 - dan +32767-mde unsigned short int 2 (16) 0 - dan +65535-mde signed short int 2 (16) -32768 - dan +32767-mde long int 4 (32) -2147483648-dan +2147483647-mde signed long int 4 (32) -2147483648-dan +2147483647-mde unsigned long int 4 (32) 0 -dan +4294967295-mde float 4 (32) 3.4E-38-dan 3.4E+38-mde double 8 (64) 1.7 E-308-dan 1.7 E+308-mde long double 10 (80) 3.4E-4932-dan 3.4E+4932-mde 15
ezervirebuli sityva void ANSI C standartSi SemoRebulia C++- dan. void tipis cvladi ar arsebobs. es tipi gamoiyeneba sxva daniSnulebisaTvis, rasac SevityobT mogvianebiT. 1.3.3. konstantebi C enaSi konstanta (mudmivi) aris fiqsirebuli sidide, romelic programis bolomde ar icvlis mniSvnelobas. ganvixiloT 4 tipis konstantebi: mTeli konstantebi, konstantebi mcocavi wertiliT, simboluri da striqonuli konstantebi. mTeli konstanta SeiZleba iyos: aTobiTi, rvaobiTi an 16-obiTi ricxvi, romelic warmogvidgens mTel sidides Sesabamisad aTobiT, 8- obiT an 16-obiT formatSi. aTobiTi konstanta Seicavs erTs an ramdenime aTobiT cifrs, ar iwyeba 0-iT (Tu Tavad 0-is toli ar aris). 8-obiTi konstanta aucileblad iwyeba 0-iT, romlis Semdeg modis erTi an ramdenime 8-obiTi cifri (0-7). 16-obiTi ki iwyeba 0x an 0X da Seicavs erTs an ramdenime 16-obiT cifrs (0-9, A-F). mTeli konstantebis magaliTebia: 10-obiTi 8-obiTi 16-obiTi 16 01 0x2BA 127 055 0XFFFF -346 07657 0x10 konstantis tipi ganimarteba misi cvlilebis diapazoniT. magaliTad, Tu mTeli tipis cvladis mniSvneloba [ − 32 768 + 32 767 ] 16 ∈ , , misi tipia int; Tu es mniSvneloba udris 39 000 – konstanta unsigned tipisaa, Tu ki mniSvneloba >65 535, konstantis tipia long. C-Si arsebobs SesaZleb-loba konstantebis tipis cxadi mocemisa H, h, L, l, u da U asoebis gamoyenebiT. Tu konstantas boloSi miwerili aqvs h an H, misi tipia short int: 123h, 14H. mudmivebi: -123L, 78l, 0X2C7L – long int tipisaa; 37Lu, 76ul, 12Ul, 123UL – unsigned long tipisaa; 53uh –unsigned short tipisaa.
- Page 1 and 2: g. surgulaZe, g. janeliZe, i. xuciS
- Page 3 and 4: uak 681.3.06 saxelmZRvaneloSi warmo
- Page 5 and 6: 2.3. mimTiTeblebi. mimTiTeblis gamo
- Page 7 and 8: I Tavi. martivi monacemTa tipebi. e
- Page 9 and 10: funqciebze). obieqturi modulis damu
- Page 11 and 12: stilSic da orive stilSi erTdroulad.
- Page 13 and 14: 1.2.4. komentari C-Si C-ze daweril
- Page 15: signed short int aRwers niSnian mok
- Page 19 and 20: operaciis marjvena mxares. magaliTa
- Page 21 and 22: a=b++; Sesrulebis Sedegad a-s mniSv
- Page 23 and 24: int a=3, b=4; float fartobi_1, fart
- Page 25 and 26: } a=a*2; b=b+3; fartobi_2=0.5*a*b;
- Page 27 and 28: urSi misi tipi ar mieTiTeba, maSin
- Page 29 and 30: == - udris; != - ar udris. Sedarebi
- Page 31 and 32: daabrunebs 0-s. rogorc vxedavT, Caw
- Page 33 and 34: mzimiT gamoiyofa gamosaxulebebi, xo
- Page 35 and 36: wesebi gviCvenebs, rom gamosaxulebi
- Page 37 and 38: 1.6. failis CarTva #include saTao f
- Page 39 and 40: 1.7. ganStoebis operatorebi if, if-
- Page 41 and 42: 40 else printf("udidesi= %f", b); u
- Page 43 and 44: a++; aq mocemulia if operatoris Sem
- Page 45 and 46: { d=b; b=c; c=d; } if(a>b) { d=a; a
- Page 47 and 48: { } case 1: z=3*x-y; break; case 2:
- Page 49 and 50: if(nishani=='+') z=x+y; else if(nis
- Page 51 and 52: marTvis gadacemas WdiT moniSnul ope
- Page 53 and 54: ciklis tani ar Sesruldeba, marTva g
- Page 55 and 56: #include /* evklides algoriTmi */ m
- Page 57 and 58: programis muSaobis Sedegebi: 1). Se
- Page 59 and 60: Sesruleba (1/0)? "); romlis Semdega
- Page 61 and 62: 3. Tu gamosaxuleba_2-s mniSvneloba
- Page 63 and 64: for( ; ; ) printf("usasrulo cikli\n
- Page 65 and 66: if(b) printf("martivia"); else prin
ezervirebuli sityva void ANSI C standartSi SemoRebulia C++-<br />
dan. void tipis cvladi ar arsebobs. es tipi gamoiyeneba sxva<br />
daniSnulebisaTvis, rasac SevityobT mogvianebiT.<br />
1.3.3. konstantebi C enaSi<br />
konstanta (mudmivi) aris fiqsirebuli sidide, romelic<br />
programis bolomde ar icvlis mniSvnelobas. ganvixiloT 4 tipis<br />
konstantebi: mTeli konstantebi, konstantebi mcocavi wertiliT,<br />
simboluri da striqonuli konstantebi.<br />
mTeli konstanta SeiZleba iyos: aTobiTi, rvaobiTi an 16-obiTi<br />
ricxvi, romelic warmogvidgens mTel sidides Sesabamisad aTobiT, 8-<br />
obiT an 16-obiT formatSi. aTobiTi konstanta Seicavs erTs an<br />
ramdenime aTobiT cifrs, ar iwyeba 0-iT (Tu Tavad 0-is toli ar<br />
aris). 8-obiTi konstanta aucileblad iwyeba 0-iT, romlis Semdeg<br />
modis erTi an ramdenime 8-obiTi cifri (0-7). 16-obiTi ki iwyeba 0x an<br />
0X da Seicavs erTs an ramdenime 16-obiT cifrs (0-9, A-F). mTeli<br />
konstantebis magaliTebia:<br />
10-obiTi 8-obiTi 16-obiTi<br />
16 01 0x2BA<br />
127 055 0XFFFF<br />
-346 07657 0x10<br />
konstantis tipi ganimarteba misi cvlilebis diapazoniT.<br />
magaliTad, Tu mTeli tipis cvladis mniSvneloba [ − 32 768 + 32 767 ]<br />
16<br />
∈ , ,<br />
misi tipia int; Tu es mniSvneloba udris 39 000 – konstanta unsigned<br />
tipisaa, Tu ki mniSvneloba >65 535, konstantis tipia long. C-Si<br />
arsebobs SesaZleb-loba konstantebis tipis cxadi mocemisa H, h, L, l,<br />
u da U asoebis gamoyenebiT.<br />
Tu konstantas boloSi miwerili aqvs h an H, misi tipia short int:<br />
123h, 14H. mudmivebi: -123L, 78l, 0X2C7L – long int tipisaa; 37Lu, 76ul, 12Ul,<br />
123UL – unsigned long tipisaa; 53uh –unsigned short tipisaa.
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