g. surgulaZe, g. janeliZe, i. xuciSvili
g. surgulaZe, g. janeliZe, i. xuciSvili g. surgulaZe, g. janeliZe, i. xuciSvili
C iTvleba sistemuri programirebis enad, aRiareba moipova, rogorc UNIX operaciuli sistemis enam. dReisaTvis praqtikulad yvela ZiriTadi operaciuli sistema dawerilia C-ze da/an C++-ze. C-s uwodeben saSualo donis daprogramebis enas, radganac masSi ganxorcielebulia maRali donis algoriTmuli enebis yvela saukeTeso Tviseba da kompiuteris aparaturasTan uSualo wvdomis SesaZlebloba, magaliTad, TiToeul bitze wvdoma (rac, Cveulebriv, SesaZlebelia asemblerze daprogramebisas). enis pirveli aRwera – denis riCis da braian kerniganis wigni “The ‘C’ Programming Language” – gamovida 1978 wels, da didi xnis manZilze es iyo enis erTaderTi aRwera (standarti). C-s upiratesobaTagan unda aRiniSnos, rom misi Sesruleba SesaZlebelia sxvadasxva arqiteqturis manqanebze, sxvadasxva operaciul sistemebSi. radganac C-s aqvs maRali donis algoriTmuli enis yvela damaxasiaTebeli komponenti, igi maleve gaxda popularuli agreTve rogorc gamoyenebiTi programirebis ena. C-s gamoyenebam sxvadasxva tipis kompiuterebze, rogorc amboben – sxvadasxva platformaze, gamoiwvia enis versiebis gaCena, rac xSirad uSlida programebis Tavsebadobas. amitomac, 1983 wels amerikis standartebis nacionalurma komitetma informaciis damuSavebisa da kompiuterebis dargSi daawesa teqnikuri komisia, romelsac daevala calsaxa da manqanur-damoukidebeli C-enis gansazRvra, anu standartis SemuSaveba. standarti sabolood damtkicebulia 1989 wels, xolo 1988 wels gamovida kerniganis da riCis wignis meore gamocema, romelSic aRwerilia C-s bolo versia. es versia cnobilia rogorc ANSI C da farTod gamoiyeneba msoflioSi. 80-ani wlebis dasawyisSi igive Bell Laboratory-Si bern straustrupis mier iyo SemoTavazebuli C-enis gafarToeba, romelsac Tavidan ewodeboda “C klasebiT” da romelic sinamdvileSi iyo axali obieqtze orientirebuli ena. mas mogvianebiT daerqva C++. C++-Si SesaZlebelia programireba C-s stilSic, obieqtze orientirebul 9
stilSic da orive stilSi erTdroulad. me-20 saukunis 90-iani wlebis dasawyisidan C++ gaxda msoflioSi erT-erTi yvelaze aRiarebuli ena. 1.2.1. C-s anbani 1. inglisuri enis asoebi (mTavruli da patara asoebi gansxvavdebian) da qveda xazis simbolo A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z _ 2. arabuli cifrebi 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3. specialuri simboloebi da ariTmetikuli operaciebis aRmniSvneli simboloebi , . ; : ? ' ! | / \ ~ * + - ) ( } { < > [ ] # % & ^ « da sxva gadasvlis 4. gamyofi da mmarTveli simboloebi esenia: Hhari, tabulaciis simboloebi, axal striqonze simbolo da sxva 5. amas garda gamoiyeneba e.w. mmarTveli mimdevrobebi, anu simboloebis specialuri kombinaciebi. zogierTi maTgania: \a (zari); \b (erTi poziciiT dabruneba); \t (horizontaluri tabulacia); \n (axal striqonze gadasvla); \0 (nulovani simbolo); \r (kursoris gadatana striqonis dasawyisSi) da sxva. 10
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- Page 19 and 20: operaciis marjvena mxares. magaliTa
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- Page 23 and 24: int a=3, b=4; float fartobi_1, fart
- Page 25 and 26: } a=a*2; b=b+3; fartobi_2=0.5*a*b;
- Page 27 and 28: urSi misi tipi ar mieTiTeba, maSin
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C iTvleba sistemuri programirebis enad, aRiareba moipova,<br />
rogorc UNIX operaciuli sistemis enam. dReisaTvis praqtikulad<br />
yvela ZiriTadi operaciuli sistema dawerilia C-ze da/an C++-ze. C-s<br />
uwodeben saSualo donis daprogramebis enas, radganac masSi<br />
ganxorcielebulia maRali donis algoriTmuli enebis yvela<br />
saukeTeso Tviseba da kompiuteris aparaturasTan uSualo wvdomis<br />
SesaZlebloba, magaliTad, TiToeul bitze wvdoma (rac, Cveulebriv,<br />
SesaZlebelia asemblerze daprogramebisas).<br />
enis pirveli aRwera – denis riCis da braian kerniganis wigni<br />
“The ‘C’ Programming Language” – gamovida 1978 wels, da didi xnis<br />
manZilze es iyo enis erTaderTi aRwera (standarti). C-s<br />
upiratesobaTagan unda aRiniSnos, rom misi Sesruleba SesaZlebelia<br />
sxvadasxva arqiteqturis manqanebze, sxvadasxva operaciul sistemebSi.<br />
radganac C-s aqvs maRali donis algoriTmuli enis yvela<br />
damaxasiaTebeli komponenti, igi maleve gaxda popularuli agreTve<br />
rogorc gamoyenebiTi programirebis ena. C-s gamoyenebam sxvadasxva<br />
tipis kompiuterebze, rogorc amboben – sxvadasxva platformaze,<br />
gamoiwvia enis versiebis gaCena, rac xSirad uSlida programebis<br />
Tavsebadobas. amitomac, 1983 wels amerikis standartebis<br />
nacionalurma komitetma informaciis damuSavebisa da kompiuterebis<br />
dargSi daawesa teqnikuri komisia, romelsac daevala calsaxa da<br />
manqanur-damoukidebeli C-enis gansazRvra, anu standartis SemuSaveba.<br />
standarti sabolood damtkicebulia 1989 wels, xolo 1988 wels<br />
gamovida kerniganis da riCis wignis meore gamocema, romelSic<br />
aRwerilia C-s bolo versia. es versia cnobilia rogorc ANSI C da<br />
farTod gamoiyeneba msoflioSi.<br />
80-ani wlebis dasawyisSi igive Bell Laboratory-Si bern<br />
straustrupis mier iyo SemoTavazebuli C-enis gafarToeba, romelsac<br />
Tavidan ewodeboda “C klasebiT” da romelic sinamdvileSi iyo axali<br />
obieqtze orientirebuli ena. mas mogvianebiT daerqva C++. C++-Si<br />
SesaZlebelia programireba C-s stilSic, obieqtze orientirebul<br />
9
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