fizikis kursi
fizikis kursi fizikis kursi
sadac x − talRis gavrcelebis mimarTulebaa, v - gavrcelebis siCqare talRuri gantolebis amoxsnaa: sadac k - talRuri veqtoria, α − rxevis sawyisi faza ξ ( r , t) = Acos( ωt − kr + α) 4.9. talRebis interferencia koherentuli talRebi erTnairi sixSiris talRebia, romelTa fazaTa sxvaoba drois mixedviT mudmivia ( Δϕ = const) koherentuli talRebis zeddebas interferencia ewodeba. interferenciis Sedegad rxevebi sivrcis zogierT wertilebSi Zlierdebian, zogierTSi ki _ asusteben erTmaneTs. ori erTnairi sixSiris da amplitudis Semxvedri sinusoidaluri talRebis zeddebis Sedegs mdgari talRa ewodeba (nax. 36) mdgari talRis gantolebaa amplituda burcobebi kvanZebi nax. 36. ⎛ x ⎞ ξ = ⎜2 Acos 2π ⎟ ⋅ cosωt ⎝ λ ⎠ x Amd = 2 Acos 2π = 2Acos kx λ wertilebisTvis, romlebSic kx = 0, π... Ak = 0 − warmoadgenen mdgari talRis kvanZebs, xolo wertilebisaTvis, romlebSic kx = π , 2 67
3π A = 2A 2... md amplituda maqsimaluria _ mdgari talRis burcobebia (nax. 36). umokles manZils mezobel kvanZebs (an burcobebs Soris mdgari talRis sigrZe ewodeba sadac λ − msrboli talRis sigrZea. λ = md mdgar talRaSi nawilakebis siCqare ganisazRvreba gantolebiT: 68 λ , 2 � ∂ξ ⎛ x ⎞ ξ = = −⎜2 Aω cos 2π ⎟sinωt = −( 2Aω cos kx) ⋅sinωt ∂t ⎝ λ ⎠ garemos deformacia ki toli iqneba: ∂ξ ⎛ 2π x ⎞ ε = = −⎜2 A cos 2π ⎟ ⋅cosωt = −( 2Ak cos kx) cosωt ∂x ⎝ λ λ ⎠ mdgari talRis SemTxvevaSi adgili ar aqvs energiis gadatanas. energia periodulad (2ω sixSiriT) burcobebidan, sadac kinetikuri energia k W maqsimaluria, gadaiqaCeba kvanZebSi potenciur molekuluri fizika p W energiad. molekuluri fizika (molekulur-kinetikuri Teoria) fizikis nawilia, romelic Seiswavlis sxeulTa fizikur Tvisebebs sxvadasxva agregatul mdgomareobaSi maTi molekuluri aRnagobis ganxilvis safuZvelze. molekulur-kinetikuri Teoria Camoyalibda XIX saukuneSi daltonis, klauziusis, maqsvelis da bolcmanis Sromebis ganviTarebiT. nivTierebis molekulur-kinetikur Teorias safuZvlad udevs Semdegi debulebebi: 1. nivTierebas gaaCnia diskretuli agebuleba, is Sedgeba molekulebisagan (atomebisagan). nivTierebis erTi moli agregatuli mdgomareobisgan damoukideblad Seicavs molekulas ( -s avogadros ricxvi ewodeba). 2. molekulebi nivTierebaSi imyofebian ganuwyvetel siTbur-qaosur moZraobaSi.
- Page 17 and 18: 2 dv v1 a τ = τ , an = n dt R τ
- Page 19 and 20: unviTi moZraobis dros sxeulis yvela
- Page 21 and 22: 1 ω υ = = T 2π 1 [ ] = wm υ =wm
- Page 23 and 24: 2. dinamika 2.1. materialuri wertil
- Page 25 and 26: niutonis meore kanoni. sxeulze momq
- Page 27 and 28: klasikur (niutonis) meqanikaSi gani
- Page 29 and 30: inerciuli da arainerciuli sistemebi
- Page 31 and 32: nax. 16. k- drekadobis koeficientia
- Page 33 and 34: xaxunis Zalebi xaxunis Zalebi warmo
- Page 35 and 36: 4. Tu sxeuli raRac ZaliT ekroba ver
- Page 37 and 38: omelic SemosazRvrulia Fr (r) mrudiT
- Page 39 and 40: 2 2 k mv 2 mv1 A = ΔW = − 2 2 sa
- Page 41 and 42: Zala da potenciuri energia davuSvaT
- Page 43 and 44: Zalis momenti _ fsevdoveqtoria, mis
- Page 45 and 46: mTeli sxeulis inerciis momenti I ud
- Page 47 and 48: ar icvleba droSi ( I z = const). im
- Page 49 and 50: dros. iqneba: am formuliT gamoiTvle
- Page 51 and 52: d p dt = 50 ∑ sadac p sistemis im
- Page 53 and 54: 2.6 sxeulTa wonasworobis pirobebi.
- Page 55 and 56: Seeqmna masSi sinaTlis gavrcelebisa
- Page 57 and 58: 3. siCqareTa Sekrebis kanoni. galil
- Page 59 and 60: 4. rxevebi da talRebi. 4.1. rxeva.
- Page 61 and 62: mocemulia wanacvlebis, siCqaris da
- Page 63 and 64: sadac A da B sawyisi amplitudebia,
- Page 65 and 66: sadac A 0 sawyisi amplitudaa milevi
- Page 67: α − talRis sawyisi faza ⎛ x
- Page 71 and 72: sxeulis simkvrive _ ewodeba sxeulis
- Page 73 and 74: _ molekulebis saSualo kvadratuli si
- Page 75 and 76: -s damokidebuleba -ze mocemulia nax
- Page 77 and 78: ganawilebis funqcia eqvemdebareba n
- Page 79 and 80: Tavisufali gadarbenis gamoTvla mart
- Page 81 and 82: sadac da Sinagani energiis mniSvnel
- Page 83 and 84: e.i. kuTri siTbotevadoba siTbos is
- Page 85 and 86: adiabaturi gafarToebis muSaoba sada
- Page 87 and 88: ciklis dros. _ siTburi manqanis mie
- Page 89 and 90: nebismieri ciklisaTvis Termodinamik
- Page 91 and 92: entropiis warmodgena, rogorc damouk
- Page 93 and 94: maxloblobaSi. Tu nivTiereba imyofeb
- Page 95 and 96: temperaturis gadidebiT grafiki iwev
- Page 97 and 98: cdomilebaTa sruli Teoriis ganxilva
- Page 99 and 100: sadac , , - pirdapiri gazomvebis ab
- Page 101 and 102: diferencialebi Secvlilia fizikur si
3π A = 2A<br />
2...<br />
md amplituda maqsimaluria _ mdgari talRis burcobebia<br />
(nax. 36).<br />
umokles manZils mezobel kvanZebs (an burcobebs Soris mdgari<br />
talRis sigrZe ewodeba<br />
sadac λ − msrboli talRis sigrZea.<br />
λ =<br />
md<br />
mdgar talRaSi nawilakebis siCqare ganisazRvreba gantolebiT:<br />
68<br />
λ<br />
,<br />
2<br />
� ∂ξ<br />
⎛<br />
x ⎞<br />
ξ = = −⎜2<br />
Aω<br />
cos 2π<br />
⎟sinωt<br />
= −(<br />
2Aω<br />
cos kx)<br />
⋅sinωt<br />
∂t<br />
⎝<br />
λ ⎠<br />
garemos deformacia ki toli iqneba:<br />
∂ξ<br />
⎛ 2π<br />
x ⎞<br />
ε = = −⎜2<br />
A cos 2π<br />
⎟ ⋅cosωt<br />
= −(<br />
2Ak<br />
cos kx)<br />
cosωt<br />
∂x<br />
⎝ λ λ ⎠<br />
mdgari talRis SemTxvevaSi adgili ar aqvs energiis gadatanas.<br />
energia periodulad (2ω sixSiriT) burcobebidan, sadac kinetikuri<br />
energia<br />
k<br />
W maqsimaluria, gadaiqaCeba kvanZebSi potenciur<br />
molekuluri fizika<br />
p<br />
W energiad.<br />
molekuluri fizika (molekulur-kinetikuri Teoria) <strong>fizikis</strong><br />
nawilia, romelic Seiswavlis sxeulTa fizikur Tvisebebs sxvadasxva<br />
agregatul mdgomareobaSi maTi molekuluri aRnagobis ganxilvis<br />
safuZvelze. molekulur-kinetikuri Teoria Camoyalibda XIX saukuneSi<br />
daltonis, klauziusis, maqsvelis da bolcmanis Sromebis ganviTarebiT.<br />
nivTierebis molekulur-kinetikur Teorias safuZvlad udevs Semdegi<br />
debulebebi:<br />
1. nivTierebas gaaCnia diskretuli agebuleba, is Sedgeba<br />
molekulebisagan (atomebisagan). nivTierebis erTi moli agregatuli<br />
mdgomareobisgan damoukideblad Seicavs molekulas ( -s<br />
avogadros ricxvi ewodeba).<br />
2. molekulebi nivTierebaSi imyofebian ganuwyvetel siTbur-qaosur<br />
moZraobaSi.
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