fizikis kursi
fizikis kursi fizikis kursi
energiis Senaxvis kanoni da drois erTgvarovneba sxeulebis (nawilakebis) sruli meqanikuri energia konservatorul ZalTa velSi gamoisaxeba Semdegnairad: sadac W + k p p = W + W W gare , k W _ sistemis kinetikuri energiaa p W _ sxeulebis (nawilakebis) urTierTqmedebis energia erTmaneTTan, k W g _ nawilakebis (sxeulebis) urTierTqmedebis potenciuri energia gare sxeulebTan. davuSvaT, sistemaSi Semaval sxeulebze garda konservatoruli Zalebisa, moqmedeben agreTve arakonservatoruli Zalebic. arakonservatoruli Zalebis muSaoba tolia sruli energiis cvlilebis: dA = dW , sadac dA - arakonservatoruli Zalebis muSaobaa, dW − sruli energiis cvlileba. rodesac dA = 0 , dW = 0 da miviRebT: k p p W + W + W = const p Tu sistema Caketilia, W = 0 da energiis Senaxvis kanoni miiRebs k p saxes W = W + W = const gare da gamoiTqmeba: Caketilis sistemis sruli meqanikuri energia mudmivi sididea _ ar icvleba droSi. energiis mudmivobis kanoni bunebis fundamentaluri kanonia, dakavSirebulia drois erTgvarovnebasTan. magaliTad, Tavisufali vardnis dros simZimis ZalTa velSi, sxeulis siCqare da Tavisufali vardnis xangrZlivoba damokidebulia sxeulis sawyis siCqareze da ara im drois momentze, roca is iwyebs vardnas (diliT Tu saRamos). impulsis Senaxvis kanoni da sivrcis erTgvarovneba sxeulebis (nawilakebis) sistemis moZraobis gantolebas, romelzec moqmedeben gareSe Zalebi, aqvs saxe 49 gare
d p dt = 50 ∑ sadac p sistemis impulsia, ∑ gare i Zalebis tolqmedi. ∑ gare i F gare i F - sistemaze momqmedi gareSe Tu sistema Caketilia, F = 0, p = const , rac warmoadgens impulsis Senaxvis kanons, romelic Semdegnairad gamoiTqmeba: Caketili sistemis impulsi mudmivi sididea. impulsis mudmivobis kanoni bunebis fundamentaluri kanonia. is Sedegia sivrcis erTgvarovnebis, rac dakavSirebulia im faqtTan, rom Caketili sistemis fizikuri Tvisebebi da misi moZraobis kanonebi ar aris damokidebuli koordinatTa sistemis saTavis mdebareobis arCevaze. reaqtiuli moZraoba impulsis mudmivobis kanonis damtkicebas teqnikaSi warmoadgens reaqtiuli moZraoba. sxeulis moZraobas, romelic aRiZvreba misgan gamotyorcnili nawilakebis reaqciis xarjze, reaqtiuli moZraoba ewodeba. gamotyorcnili nawilakebis (gazebis) nakadis reaqciis Zala sxeuls (raketas) aniWebs aCqarebas, romelic mimarTulia gamotyorcnili gazebis moZraobis sawinaaRmdegod. meSCerskis mier miRebuli cvladi masis sxeulis moZraobis gantolebaa: sadac F - gareSe Zalaa, xolo Tu F = 0, vRebulobT m a = F + dv dm m = −u , dt dt saidanac reaqtiuli moZraobis siCqare Fn dm F n = −u -s reaqtiuli Zala ewodeba. dt dm v = −u∫ = −u ln m + c m sawyisi pirobebis gamoyenebiT C = u lnm0 ( m0 − sastarto masaa), da
- Page 1 and 2: v. melaZe fizikis kursi (I nawili)
- Page 3 and 4: fizikis kursis pirveli nawili _ meq
- Page 5 and 6: molekuluri fizika 68 5. idealuri ai
- Page 7 and 8: fizikuri sidideebi, ganzomileba, er
- Page 9 and 10: ZiriTadi erTeulebis gansazRvra sigr
- Page 11 and 12: laTinuri anbani berZnuli anbani A,
- Page 13 and 14: sxeulis umartivesi fizikuri modelia
- Page 15 and 16: es gamosaxulebebi gansazRvraven saS
- Page 17 and 18: 2 dv v1 a τ = τ , an = n dt R τ
- Page 19 and 20: unviTi moZraobis dros sxeulis yvela
- Page 21 and 22: 1 ω υ = = T 2π 1 [ ] = wm υ =wm
- Page 23 and 24: 2. dinamika 2.1. materialuri wertil
- Page 25 and 26: niutonis meore kanoni. sxeulze momq
- Page 27 and 28: klasikur (niutonis) meqanikaSi gani
- Page 29 and 30: inerciuli da arainerciuli sistemebi
- Page 31 and 32: nax. 16. k- drekadobis koeficientia
- Page 33 and 34: xaxunis Zalebi xaxunis Zalebi warmo
- Page 35 and 36: 4. Tu sxeuli raRac ZaliT ekroba ver
- Page 37 and 38: omelic SemosazRvrulia Fr (r) mrudiT
- Page 39 and 40: 2 2 k mv 2 mv1 A = ΔW = − 2 2 sa
- Page 41 and 42: Zala da potenciuri energia davuSvaT
- Page 43 and 44: Zalis momenti _ fsevdoveqtoria, mis
- Page 45 and 46: mTeli sxeulis inerciis momenti I ud
- Page 47 and 48: ar icvleba droSi ( I z = const). im
- Page 49: dros. iqneba: am formuliT gamoiTvle
- Page 53 and 54: 2.6 sxeulTa wonasworobis pirobebi.
- Page 55 and 56: Seeqmna masSi sinaTlis gavrcelebisa
- Page 57 and 58: 3. siCqareTa Sekrebis kanoni. galil
- Page 59 and 60: 4. rxevebi da talRebi. 4.1. rxeva.
- Page 61 and 62: mocemulia wanacvlebis, siCqaris da
- Page 63 and 64: sadac A da B sawyisi amplitudebia,
- Page 65 and 66: sadac A 0 sawyisi amplitudaa milevi
- Page 67 and 68: α − talRis sawyisi faza ⎛ x
- Page 69 and 70: 3π A = 2A 2... md amplituda maqsim
- Page 71 and 72: sxeulis simkvrive _ ewodeba sxeulis
- Page 73 and 74: _ molekulebis saSualo kvadratuli si
- Page 75 and 76: -s damokidebuleba -ze mocemulia nax
- Page 77 and 78: ganawilebis funqcia eqvemdebareba n
- Page 79 and 80: Tavisufali gadarbenis gamoTvla mart
- Page 81 and 82: sadac da Sinagani energiis mniSvnel
- Page 83 and 84: e.i. kuTri siTbotevadoba siTbos is
- Page 85 and 86: adiabaturi gafarToebis muSaoba sada
- Page 87 and 88: ciklis dros. _ siTburi manqanis mie
- Page 89 and 90: nebismieri ciklisaTvis Termodinamik
- Page 91 and 92: entropiis warmodgena, rogorc damouk
- Page 93 and 94: maxloblobaSi. Tu nivTiereba imyofeb
- Page 95 and 96: temperaturis gadidebiT grafiki iwev
- Page 97 and 98: cdomilebaTa sruli Teoriis ganxilva
- Page 99 and 100: sadac , , - pirdapiri gazomvebis ab
d p<br />
dt<br />
=<br />
50<br />
∑<br />
sadac p sistemis impulsia, ∑ gare<br />
i<br />
Zalebis tolqmedi.<br />
∑ gare<br />
i<br />
F<br />
gare<br />
i<br />
F - sistemaze momqmedi gareSe<br />
Tu sistema Caketilia, F = 0,<br />
p = const , rac warmoadgens<br />
impulsis Senaxvis kanons, romelic Semdegnairad gamoiTqmeba:<br />
Caketili sistemis impulsi mudmivi sididea. impulsis mudmivobis<br />
kanoni bunebis fundamentaluri kanonia. is Sedegia sivrcis<br />
erTgvarovnebis, rac dakavSirebulia im faqtTan, rom Caketili sistemis<br />
fizikuri Tvisebebi da misi moZraobis kanonebi ar aris damokidebuli<br />
koordinatTa sistemis saTavis mdebareobis arCevaze.<br />
reaqtiuli moZraoba<br />
impulsis mudmivobis kanonis damtkicebas teqnikaSi warmoadgens<br />
reaqtiuli moZraoba. sxeulis moZraobas, romelic aRiZvreba misgan<br />
gamotyorcnili nawilakebis reaqciis xarjze, reaqtiuli moZraoba<br />
ewodeba. gamotyorcnili nawilakebis (gazebis) nakadis reaqciis Zala<br />
sxeuls (raketas) aniWebs aCqarebas, romelic mimarTulia gamotyorcnili<br />
gazebis moZraobis sawinaaRmdegod.<br />
meSCerskis mier miRebuli cvladi masis sxeulis moZraobis<br />
gantolebaa:<br />
sadac F - gareSe Zalaa, xolo<br />
Tu F = 0,<br />
vRebulobT<br />
m a = F +<br />
dv dm<br />
m = −u<br />
,<br />
dt dt<br />
saidanac reaqtiuli moZraobis siCqare<br />
Fn<br />
dm<br />
F n = −u<br />
-s reaqtiuli Zala ewodeba.<br />
dt<br />
dm<br />
v = −u∫<br />
= −u<br />
ln m + c<br />
m<br />
sawyisi pirobebis gamoyenebiT C = u lnm0<br />
( m0 − sastarto masaa), da