fizikis kursi
fizikis kursi fizikis kursi
gravitaciuli Zalebi gansazRvrven planetebis, varskvlavebis da sxva makroobieqtebis moZraobas. mikroobieqtebis moZraobaSi isini praqtikulad ar monawileoben. simZimis Zala da wona. uwonadoba simZimis Zala aris msoflio mizidulobis gravitaciuli Zalis kerZo gamovlineba. igi aris Zala, romliTac dedamiwa izidavs sxeulebs, amitom P simZimis Zala moqmedi m masis sxeulze mM P = mg = F = G , 2 R sadac M – dedamiwis masaa. simZimis Zalis aCqareba g gamoiTvleba niutonis meore kanoniT: F M g = = G , 2 m R e.i. g simZimis Zalis aCqareba ar aris damokidebuli sxeulis masaze da yvela sxeulisaTvis erTnairia. mas xSirad Tavisufali vardnis aCqarebas uwodeben. simZimis Zala da Sesabamisad simZimis Zalis aCqareba icvleba geografiuli ganedis mixedviT, rasac ganapirobebs ori faqtori _ erTia dedamiwis dReRamuri brunva, meore ki _ dedamiwis elifsuri forma. ekvatorze simZimis Zalis aCqarebis sidide g ( ϕ = 0) =9,78 m/wm2 . xolo polusze 0 ( ϕ = 90 ) g = 9,83 m/wm g aCqareba mimarTulia simZimis Zalis veqtoris mimarTulebiT, amitom p = mg sxeulis wona ewodeba Zalas, romliTac sxeuli gravitaciuli Zalis gavleniT moqmedebs sayrdenze. sxeulis mdgomareobas, rodesac is moZraobs mxolod simZimis Zalis gavleniT, uwonadoba ewodeba. 27
inerciuli da arainerciuli sistemebi iseT sistemas, romelSic sruldeba niutonis pirveli kanoni, inerciuli sistema ewodeba. nebismieri sistema iqneba inerciuli, Tu is inerciuli sistemis mimarT uZravia, an moZraobs Tanabrad da wrfivad. sistema arainerciulia, Tu is moZraobs aCqarebulad nebismieri inerciuli sistemis mimarT (nax. 15). vTqvaT, sistema K (koordinatebiT x,y,z) inerciulia, xolo sistema K 1 (koordinatebiT x 1 y 1 z 1 ) moZraobs K-s mimarT v 0 siCqariT, ise rom x 1 y 1 z 1 RerZebi K sistemis Sesabamisi RerZebis paraleluria. nebismieri Tavisufali A wertilis radius-veqtori K sistemaSi aRvniSnoT r , xolo sistemaSi aRvniSnoT 0 1) Tu nax. 15 1 K sistemaSi 1 r -iT. 01 wertilis radius-veqtori K 1 r -iT. naxazidan miviRebT: r r + r0 28 = (1). 1 K sistema moZraobs K-s mimarT mudmivi v siCqariT, is xdeba inerciuli, radgan misi moZraoba K-s mimarT iqneba Tanabari da wrfivi. (1)-is droiT gawarmoeba mogvcems: 1 dr dr dr 0 1 = + , anu v = v + v 0 dt dt dt rac warmoadgens siCqareTa Sekrebis (galileis) kanons klasikur meqanikaSi. Tu miRebuls kvlav gavawarmoebT v = const) , miviRebT: 1 a = a ( 0
- Page 1 and 2: v. melaZe fizikis kursi (I nawili)
- Page 3 and 4: fizikis kursis pirveli nawili _ meq
- Page 5 and 6: molekuluri fizika 68 5. idealuri ai
- Page 7 and 8: fizikuri sidideebi, ganzomileba, er
- Page 9 and 10: ZiriTadi erTeulebis gansazRvra sigr
- Page 11 and 12: laTinuri anbani berZnuli anbani A,
- Page 13 and 14: sxeulis umartivesi fizikuri modelia
- Page 15 and 16: es gamosaxulebebi gansazRvraven saS
- Page 17 and 18: 2 dv v1 a τ = τ , an = n dt R τ
- Page 19 and 20: unviTi moZraobis dros sxeulis yvela
- Page 21 and 22: 1 ω υ = = T 2π 1 [ ] = wm υ =wm
- Page 23 and 24: 2. dinamika 2.1. materialuri wertil
- Page 25 and 26: niutonis meore kanoni. sxeulze momq
- Page 27: klasikur (niutonis) meqanikaSi gani
- Page 31 and 32: nax. 16. k- drekadobis koeficientia
- Page 33 and 34: xaxunis Zalebi xaxunis Zalebi warmo
- Page 35 and 36: 4. Tu sxeuli raRac ZaliT ekroba ver
- Page 37 and 38: omelic SemosazRvrulia Fr (r) mrudiT
- Page 39 and 40: 2 2 k mv 2 mv1 A = ΔW = − 2 2 sa
- Page 41 and 42: Zala da potenciuri energia davuSvaT
- Page 43 and 44: Zalis momenti _ fsevdoveqtoria, mis
- Page 45 and 46: mTeli sxeulis inerciis momenti I ud
- Page 47 and 48: ar icvleba droSi ( I z = const). im
- Page 49 and 50: dros. iqneba: am formuliT gamoiTvle
- Page 51 and 52: d p dt = 50 ∑ sadac p sistemis im
- Page 53 and 54: 2.6 sxeulTa wonasworobis pirobebi.
- Page 55 and 56: Seeqmna masSi sinaTlis gavrcelebisa
- Page 57 and 58: 3. siCqareTa Sekrebis kanoni. galil
- Page 59 and 60: 4. rxevebi da talRebi. 4.1. rxeva.
- Page 61 and 62: mocemulia wanacvlebis, siCqaris da
- Page 63 and 64: sadac A da B sawyisi amplitudebia,
- Page 65 and 66: sadac A 0 sawyisi amplitudaa milevi
- Page 67 and 68: α − talRis sawyisi faza ⎛ x
- Page 69 and 70: 3π A = 2A 2... md amplituda maqsim
- Page 71 and 72: sxeulis simkvrive _ ewodeba sxeulis
- Page 73 and 74: _ molekulebis saSualo kvadratuli si
- Page 75 and 76: -s damokidebuleba -ze mocemulia nax
- Page 77 and 78: ganawilebis funqcia eqvemdebareba n
gravitaciuli Zalebi gansazRvrven planetebis, varskvlavebis da sxva<br />
makroobieqtebis moZraobas. mikroobieqtebis moZraobaSi isini<br />
praqtikulad ar monawileoben.<br />
simZimis Zala da wona.<br />
uwonadoba<br />
simZimis Zala aris msoflio mizidulobis gravitaciuli Zalis kerZo<br />
gamovlineba. igi aris Zala, romliTac dedamiwa izidavs sxeulebs, amitom<br />
P simZimis Zala moqmedi m masis sxeulze<br />
mM<br />
P = mg = F = G , 2<br />
R<br />
sadac M – dedamiwis masaa.<br />
simZimis Zalis aCqareba g gamoiTvleba niutonis meore kanoniT:<br />
F M<br />
g = = G , 2<br />
m R<br />
e.i. g simZimis Zalis aCqareba ar aris damokidebuli sxeulis masaze da<br />
yvela sxeulisaTvis erTnairia. mas xSirad Tavisufali vardnis aCqarebas<br />
uwodeben. simZimis Zala da Sesabamisad simZimis Zalis aCqareba icvleba<br />
geografiuli ganedis mixedviT, rasac ganapirobebs ori faqtori _ erTia<br />
dedamiwis dReRamuri brunva, meore ki _ dedamiwis elifsuri forma.<br />
ekvatorze simZimis Zalis aCqarebis sidide g ( ϕ = 0)<br />
=9,78 m/wm2 . xolo<br />
polusze 0<br />
( ϕ = 90 )<br />
g = 9,83 m/wm<br />
g aCqareba mimarTulia simZimis Zalis veqtoris mimarTulebiT, amitom<br />
p = mg<br />
sxeulis wona ewodeba Zalas, romliTac sxeuli gravitaciuli Zalis<br />
gavleniT moqmedebs sayrdenze.<br />
sxeulis mdgomareobas, rodesac is moZraobs mxolod simZimis Zalis<br />
gavleniT, uwonadoba ewodeba.<br />
27
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