fizikis kursi
fizikis kursi fizikis kursi
meqanikis fizikuri safuZvlebi 1. kinematika materiis moZraobis umartivesi saxea meqanikuri moZraoba. am moZraobis dros xdeba materialuri sxeulebis, an maTi nawilebis mdgomareobis Secvla (gadanacvleba) sivrceSi da droSi. klasikur (niutonis) meqanikaSi miRebulia, rom sivrces gaaCnia sami ganzomileba da masSi samarTliania evklides geometria. 1.1. aTvlis sxeuli. aTvlis sistema sxeulis mdebareobis gansazRvra SesaZlebelia mxolod sxva sxeulebis mimarT. sxeuls, romlis mimarTac ganisazRvreba mocemuli sxeulis mdebareoba, aTvlis sxeuli ewodeba. aTvlis sxeuli, masTan xistad dakavSirebuli koordinatTa sistema da drois gamzomi xelsawyo (saaTi), Seadgenen aTvlis sistemas. fizikaSi sargebloben dekartes marTkuTxa koordinatTa sistemiT (nax.1), romelSic nebismieri A wertili xasiaTdeba x,y,z koordinatebiT an radius _ veqtoriT. r = OA. radius- veqtori aerTebs erTmaneTTan O koordinatTa saTaves A wertilTan. nax. 1. 1.2. materialuri wertilis kinematika. traeqtoria meqanikis nawils, romelic Seiswavlis sxeulebis moZraobas gamomwvevi mizezebisagan damoukideblad, kinematika ewodeba. 11
sxeulis umartivesi fizikuri modelia materialuri wertili. materialuri, anu nivTieri wertili ewodeba iseT sxeuls, romlis zoma SeiZleba ugulvebelvyoT mocemuli amocanis pirobebSi. materialuri wertilis moZraobisas misi koordinatebi icvlebian drois ganmavlobaSi da drois yovel moments Seesabameba x, y, z-is garkveuli mniSvneloba, e.i. koordinatebi warmoadgenen drois funqciebs, rac Semdegnairad Caiwereba: x=f1(t), y=f2(t), z=f3(t), (1) radius-veqtori agreTve drois funqciaa r = r(t) (2) Tu cnobilia (1) funqciebis, an veqtoruli (2) funqciis saxe, maSin cnobili iqneba wertilis mdebareoba drois yovel momentSi, rac meqanikis ZiriTadi amocanaa. (1) sam gantolebas, an maT eqvivalenturs (2) kinematikuri gantolebebi ewodebaT. (1) gantolebebidan SeiZleba miviRoT traeqtoriis gantoleba, e.i. im mrudis gantoleba, romelsac aRwers materialuri wertili moZraobisas. traeqtoriis formis mixedviT moZraoba SeiZleba iyos wrfivi an mrudwiruli. damoukidebel koordinatTa ricxvs, romlebic gansazRvraven wertilis mdebareobas sivrceSi, Tavisuflebis xarisxi ewodeba. Tu materialuri wertili sivrceSi Tavisuflad moZraobs, maSin mas gaaCnia sami Tavisuflebis xarisxi (koordinatebi x,y,z), sibrtyeze moZraobisas _ ori, xolo wrfis gaswvriv moZraobisas _ erTi. ganvixiloT materialuri wertilis moZraoba nebismier traeqtoriaze, mag. (AB) (nax. 2). nax. 2 12
- Page 1 and 2: v. melaZe fizikis kursi (I nawili)
- Page 3 and 4: fizikis kursis pirveli nawili _ meq
- Page 5 and 6: molekuluri fizika 68 5. idealuri ai
- Page 7 and 8: fizikuri sidideebi, ganzomileba, er
- Page 9 and 10: ZiriTadi erTeulebis gansazRvra sigr
- Page 11: laTinuri anbani berZnuli anbani A,
- Page 15 and 16: es gamosaxulebebi gansazRvraven saS
- Page 17 and 18: 2 dv v1 a τ = τ , an = n dt R τ
- Page 19 and 20: unviTi moZraobis dros sxeulis yvela
- Page 21 and 22: 1 ω υ = = T 2π 1 [ ] = wm υ =wm
- Page 23 and 24: 2. dinamika 2.1. materialuri wertil
- Page 25 and 26: niutonis meore kanoni. sxeulze momq
- Page 27 and 28: klasikur (niutonis) meqanikaSi gani
- Page 29 and 30: inerciuli da arainerciuli sistemebi
- Page 31 and 32: nax. 16. k- drekadobis koeficientia
- Page 33 and 34: xaxunis Zalebi xaxunis Zalebi warmo
- Page 35 and 36: 4. Tu sxeuli raRac ZaliT ekroba ver
- Page 37 and 38: omelic SemosazRvrulia Fr (r) mrudiT
- Page 39 and 40: 2 2 k mv 2 mv1 A = ΔW = − 2 2 sa
- Page 41 and 42: Zala da potenciuri energia davuSvaT
- Page 43 and 44: Zalis momenti _ fsevdoveqtoria, mis
- Page 45 and 46: mTeli sxeulis inerciis momenti I ud
- Page 47 and 48: ar icvleba droSi ( I z = const). im
- Page 49 and 50: dros. iqneba: am formuliT gamoiTvle
- Page 51 and 52: d p dt = 50 ∑ sadac p sistemis im
- Page 53 and 54: 2.6 sxeulTa wonasworobis pirobebi.
- Page 55 and 56: Seeqmna masSi sinaTlis gavrcelebisa
- Page 57 and 58: 3. siCqareTa Sekrebis kanoni. galil
- Page 59 and 60: 4. rxevebi da talRebi. 4.1. rxeva.
- Page 61 and 62: mocemulia wanacvlebis, siCqaris da
meqanikis fizikuri safuZvlebi<br />
1. kinematika<br />
materiis moZraobis umartivesi saxea meqanikuri moZraoba. am<br />
moZraobis dros xdeba materialuri sxeulebis, an maTi nawilebis<br />
mdgomareobis Secvla (gadanacvleba) sivrceSi da droSi. klasikur<br />
(niutonis) meqanikaSi miRebulia, rom sivrces gaaCnia sami ganzomileba da<br />
masSi samarTliania evklides geometria.<br />
1.1. aTvlis sxeuli. aTvlis sistema<br />
sxeulis mdebareobis gansazRvra SesaZlebelia mxolod sxva<br />
sxeulebis mimarT. sxeuls, romlis mimarTac ganisazRvreba mocemuli<br />
sxeulis mdebareoba, aTvlis sxeuli ewodeba. aTvlis sxeuli, masTan<br />
xistad dakavSirebuli koordinatTa sistema da drois gamzomi xelsawyo<br />
(saaTi), Seadgenen aTvlis sistemas. fizikaSi sargebloben dekartes<br />
marTkuTxa koordinatTa sistemiT (nax.1), romelSic nebismieri A wertili<br />
xasiaTdeba x,y,z koordinatebiT an radius _ veqtoriT. r = OA.<br />
radius-<br />
veqtori aerTebs erTmaneTTan O koordinatTa saTaves A wertilTan.<br />
nax. 1.<br />
1.2. materialuri wertilis kinematika. traeqtoria<br />
meqanikis nawils, romelic Seiswavlis sxeulebis moZraobas<br />
gamomwvevi mizezebisagan damoukideblad, kinematika ewodeba.<br />
11
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