Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature

ilia WavWavaZis “osmalos saqarTvelo”:
erovnuli erTianobis koncefcia
ilia WavWavaZis biografiaSi (1914) grigol yifSiZe (1856-1921) wers:
merab RaRaniZe
“lazistanis interesi ki maSin amtydarma rus-osmalos omma gamoiwvia. am omma sxva
imedebic aRZra, magram bolos im “imedisa didisa” Zirs didi aRara darCa-ra.
saintereso iyo JurnalSi [igulisxmeba: “iveria”] werilebi TviT iliasi. erTs maT
Soris TviTonac gaixsenebda xolme aTasSi erTxel. iq gamoTqmulia, sxvaTa Soris, is
azri, romelic Semdeg, sami-oTxi wlis ukan renanma ganmarta Tavis wignakSi: [“]ra aris
eri[”]. werili gul-Tbilad aris dawerili, gaxsenebulia warsuli, roca mesxni da taoklarjni
CvenTan iyvnen Zmurad erTs ferxulSi Cabmulni da mesveurobdnen,
pirvelobdnen kidec saqarTvelos kulturis aRorZinebaSi” (yifSiZe 1987: 69).
amis mohyveba mozrdili amonaweri xsenebuli werilidan, ris Semdegac ilias pirveli
biografi ganagrZobs:
“renanis wignakis deda-azric es iyo. eris damaxasiaTebeli Tviseba arc erT tomobaa, arc
erT sarwmunoeba, arc erT enianobao. erTis eris erad Semqmneli, erT erad gardamqcevi saerTo
warsulia, im warsulSi gamovlili Wiri da lxiniao” (yifSiZe 1987: 70).
rogorc grigol yifSiZis mier moyvanili citatidan dasturdeba, avtori gulisxmobs
publicistur werils “osmalos saqarTvelo”, romelic anonimurad gamoqveynda 1877 wels
yovelkvireuli “iveriis” 9-e nomerSi (cenzuris nebarTva gacemulia im wlis 28 aprils).
pirvel yovlisa, unda ganisazRvros, ras uwyebas gvawvdis ilias biografi am teqstis
Sesaxeb?
a) atribucia: anonimurad gamoqveynebuli teqstis avtoria ilia WavWavaZe 1 ;
b) istoriuli garemo: teqsti ganapiroba ruseT-TurqeTis omma (1877-1878) da masTan
dakavSirebulma imedebma qarTvelTa Soris, rac gulisxmobs osmaleTis SemadgenlobaSi myof
qarTul miwaTa dabrunebas 2 ;
g) avtorismieri damokidebuleba: sakuTar teqsts ilia gamoarCevda _ “gaixsenebda
xolme”, e. i. mniSvnelovnad miaCnda da daimowmebda;
d) Sinaarsi: samcxisa da tao-klarjeTis mkvidr qarTvelTa monawileoba mTliani
qarTvelobis adrindel istoriul, saxelmwifoebriv da kulturul cxovrebaSi, romlebic
erT dros “pirvelobdnen kidec kulturis aRorZinebaSi”;
e) koncefcia: eris (= erovnuli mTlianobis) ganmsazRvreli niSani araa arc
tomobrivoba, arc sarwmunoeba da arc ena, aramed istoriis erToba;
v) evropuli inteleqtualuri konteqsti: teqstis koncefcia enaTesaveba ernest renanis
Semdgomdroindel koncefcias eris Sesaxeb.
ra Tqma unda, werilis arsis gasagebad yvelaze mniSvnelovani am CamonaTvalidan ilias
koncefciis yifSiZiseuli interpretaciaa (renanTan mimarTebaSi), magram mis gasaazreblad da
misi adekvaturobis Sesafaseblad, pirvel yovlisa, im citatis wakiTxvaa aucilebeli,
romelic biografs mohyavs. es citata amgvaria 3 :
“yoveli eri Tvisis istoriiT suldgmulobs. igia saganZe, saca eri poulobs
Tvisis sulis Rones, Tvisis sulis bgeras, Tvis zneobiTs da gonebiTs aRmatebulebas,
Tvis vinaobas, Tvis Tvisebas. Cvenis fiqriT, arc erToba enisa, arc erToba
sarwmunoebisa da gvar-tomobisa ise ar SeamsWvalebs xolme adamians erTmaneTTan,
rogorc erToba istoriisa. eri, erTis Rvawlis damdebi, erTs istoriuls uRelSi
1 saxelwodebiT “osmalos saqarTvelo” im xanebSi “iveriaSi” cxra teqsti gamoqveynda, magram teqstologebi
iliaseulad mxolod am erT maTgans miiCneven. teqstis atribuciis Sesaxeb ix. WavWavaZe 1955: 395-397; WavWavaZe
1997: 616-617.
2 ilias damokidebulebis Sesaxeb ruseT-TurqeTis omis, masSi qarTvelTa monawileobisa da misi meSveobiT
qarTul miwaTa dabrunebis mimarT ix. ingoroyva 1957: 128-133.
3 teqsti mogvyavs ilias akademiuri octomeulis mixedviT, radgan yifSiZiseuli damowmeba oriod adgilas
ramdenadme gansxvavdeba misgan metad arsebiTi cnebebis mowodebisas: “yoveli eri Tvisis istoriiT
suldgmulobs. igia saganZe, saca eri poulobs Tvisis sulis Rones, Tvisis gulis bgeras, Tvisis zneobiTs da
gonebiTs aRmatebulebas, Tvis vinaobas, Tvis TviTebas. Cvenis fiqriT, arc erToba enisa, arc erToba
sarwmunoebisa da gvartomobisa ise ar SeamsWvalebs xolme adamianT erTmaneTTan, rogorc erToba istoriisa.
eri erTis Rvawlis damdebi, erTs istoriuls uRelSi bmuli, erTad mebrZoli, erTsa da imave Wirsa da lxinSi
gamotarebuli erTsulobiT, erTgulobiT, Zlieria” (yifSiZe 1987: 70-71, _ gansxvavebani xazgasmulia; Sdr.
WavWavaZe 1955: 9)
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