Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
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i. WavWavaZem publicistur werilebSi saTanado sisruliTa da obieqturobiT asaxa<br />
ruseT-TurqeTis 1877-1878 ww. omis mimdinareoba da Sedegebi. igi TanaugrZnobda balkaneTis<br />
Cagrul xalxebs maT samarTlian brZolaSi despoturi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, amave dros<br />
samarcxvino boZze akravda yvela juris mtacebel saxelmwifoebs, `mRvrie wyalSi Tevzis<br />
daWeris moyvarulT~, aaSkaravebda maT namdvil zraxvebs da amiT saerTaSoriso urTieTobebis<br />
saSiSi problemebis samarTlianad gadawyvetis momxred gamodioda (TvalavaZe 1981: 61).<br />
i. WavWavaZem araerTi werili miuZRvna gaerTianebul germaniaSi ZaliT moqceuli<br />
xalxebis polonelebisa da elzas-gorenis mosaxleobis brZolas ZaliT gagermanelebis<br />
winaaRmdeg (TvalavaZe 1981: 138).<br />
germaniis imperia raixskancleri bismarki misTvis Cveuli cbierebiTa da simkacriT<br />
cdilobda aRniSnuli mosaxleobis ZaliT gagermanelebas. polonelebiT dasaxlebul miwebze,<br />
maRal Tanamdebobebze germanelebs niSnavda, yovelnairad zRudavda mSobliur enaze<br />
swavlebas, administraciul da sasamarTlo warmoebas da sxv. aseTive meTodebs iyenebda igi<br />
elzas-gorenis aragermanuli mosaxleobis mimarT.<br />
gaerTianebul germaniaSi mcxovrebi aragermanuli mosaxleoba, TavianTi erovnuli<br />
TviTmpyrobelobis SenarCunebisaTvis, medgar winaaRmdegobas uwevda germanel Sovinistebs. i.<br />
WavWavaZes Zalian kargad esmoda, rom maT am brZolaSi didi daxmarebis gaweva SeeZlo<br />
ms<strong>of</strong>lios progresul sazogadoebas. swored amitom, igi gansakuTrebul yuradRebas iCenda<br />
maT mimarT.<br />
ms<strong>of</strong>lio istoriis Rrma codna igrZnoba i. WavWavaZis im werilebSi, romlebic man<br />
miuZRvna irlaindieli xalxis brZolas miwisa da TavisuflebisaTvis. amave dros, aRsaniSnavia<br />
isic, rom es werilebi dawerilia irlandieli xalxis megobris, misi interesebis erTguli<br />
damcvelis poziciebidan (donaZe 1970: 98). igive SeiZleba iTqvas ilias im werilebis mimarT,<br />
romlebic eZRvneba evropis didi kapitalisturi saxelmwifoebis koloniur politikas aziasa<br />
da afrikaSi (donaZe 1970: 127).<br />
ara marto Cagrul xalxTa erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebli brZolebi da didi<br />
saxelmwifoebis koloniuri politika ipyrobda ilias yuradRebas, aramed evropaSi Seqmnili<br />
iseTi `Tavsatexi problmebi~, rogorebic iyo italieli xalxis gamanTavisuflebli brZolebi<br />
j. garibaldis meTaurobiT, parizis komuna, safrangeT-germaniis 1870-1871 ww. omi da mis<br />
Semdeg evropaSi Seqmnili viTareba da a. S.<br />
1878 wlis berlinis kongresis Semdeg, ms<strong>of</strong>lio istoriuli mniSvnelobis movlena iyo<br />
`samTa kavSiris~ Seqmna da antantis~ safuZvlis Cayra. am kavSirebis Seqmnis mizezebi, istori<br />
uli foni da mosalodneli Sedegebi i. WavWavaZis werilebSi iseT maRal mecnierul donezea<br />
warmodgenili, rom bevr gamoCenil istorikossac ki SeSurdeba. rad Rirs Tundac imis<br />
mixevdra, rom am kavSirebis SeqmniT perspeqtivaSi mosalodneli ms<strong>of</strong>lio omi iyo (TvalavaZe<br />
1981: 115).<br />
ilias im publicisturi werilebis didi nawili, romlebic sazRvargareTis qveynebis<br />
axali istoriis da saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis sakiTxebs eZRvneba, xelmouwerelia, magram<br />
maTi stilisturi analizi, literaturis muzeumSi daculi xelnawerebi, agreTve `iveriis~<br />
zogierTi TanamSromlis (a. axnazari, g. lasxiSvili da sxv.) mogonebebi adastureben zogierTi<br />
maTganis iliasadmi kuTvnilebas. miuxedavad amisa, jer kidev bevria gasakeTebeli ara marto<br />
ilias ucnobi werilebis gamomzeurebisaTvis, aramed, saerTod, misi publicisturi<br />
moRvaweobis SeswavlisaTvis.<br />
ilia avtobiografiaSi, romelic brokhauz-efronis rusuli enciklopediuri<br />
leqsikonisTvisaa dawerili, CamoTvlis poemebs, moTxrobebs, naTargmn mxatvrul<br />
literaturas da bolos wers: `amas garda bevri wvrili werilia kidev Cem mier dawerili<br />
sapolitiko, sapublicisto, sakritikso da sapolemiko Sinaarsisa, agreTve werilebi<br />
sapedagogo sagnebis Sesaxeb~. swored aseTi `wvrili werilebi~ aris Sesuli i. WavWavaZis<br />
Txzulebebis axal akademiur gamocemaSi. dReisaTvis mxolod ramdenime tomia dabeWdili.<br />
imedia, SoTa rusTavelis literaturis institutis TanamSromlebi am saSur saqmes bolomde<br />
miiyvanen.<br />
ilias zogierTi mosazreba da daskvna, imdroindel ms<strong>of</strong>lioSi mimdinare movlenebis<br />
Sesaxeb, SeiZleba ewinaaRmdegebodes mecnierebis Tanamedrove miRwevebs, magram es odnavadac<br />
ar Crdilavs mis damsaxurebas qarTveli xalxis winaSe.<br />
ilia WavWavaZis dauRalavma moRvaweobam sazRvargareTis qveynebis axali istoriis<br />
kvlevis sferoSi Tavisi nay<strong>of</strong>i gamoiRo. is razmavda qarTvel xalxs saqarTveloSi carizmis<br />
koloniuri, rusifikatoruli politikis winaaRmdeg, is mouwodebda xalxs samSoblos,<br />
mSobliuri enis, kulturisa da damoukideblobis adsacavad; manve Seuqmna qarTveli xalxis<br />
erovnul-gamanTavisuflebel moZraobas jansaRi ideologia-programa, romelsac safuZvlad<br />
diadi sakaciobrio da kacTmoyJvaruli principebi edo.<br />
damowmebani:<br />
baluevi 1971: Балуев Б. П. Политическая реакция 80-х годов XIX века и русская журналистика. М.: 1971.<br />
77
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