Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
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erovnuli cnobierebis asamaRleblad. yovelive es sazogadoebis did Zalsxmevas, farTo da<br />
nay<strong>of</strong>ier moRvaweobas moiTxovda.<br />
marTlac, 1870-iani wlebidan samcxe-javaxeTSi aSkarad SeimCneoda sxvadasxva saxis<br />
sazogadoebrivi moZraobebisa da erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis gamococxleba da<br />
gaaqtiureba. mxareSi imravla inteligenciis ricxvma. maTSi mtkicdeboda erovnuli<br />
cnobiereba; mravali maTgani Tergdaleulebis ideebis momxreni da mimdevrebi xdeboda. isini<br />
ufro da ufro energiulad da nay<strong>of</strong>ierad iwyebdnen moRvaweobas sxvadasxva sferoSi: xsnidnen<br />
sazogado Tu saeklesio saswavlo dawesebulebebs da zrunavdnen arsebuli saswavleblebis<br />
muSaobis gasaumjobeseblad, udides yuradRebas aqcevdnen maTSi mSobliur enaze swavlebas an<br />
qarTuli enis Seswavlas (mag., axalcixeSi qalTa ufaso skolis gaxsna ana RoRoberiZemusxeliSvilisas<br />
iniciativiTa da xelmZRvanelobiT, sazogadoebis mier ki misi Senaxva,<br />
kaTolike mRvdlebis (i. gvaramaZe, s. aslaniSvili,...) mier da moRvaweebis (mag., al. mefisaSvili)<br />
daxmarebiT mxareSi samrevlo skolebis gaxsna); mxareSi moRvawe da aqedan sxvagan wasuli<br />
kaTolike mwignobrebis mier saswavlo-sasuliero literaturis gamocema konstantinepolsa<br />
da monTobanSi, 1880-iani wlebidan qarTuli wignebisa da Jurnal-gazeTebis gavrceleba<br />
mxareSi, 1890-iani wlebis Sua xanebidan saxalxo biblioTekebis gaxsna; qarTuli Teatraluri<br />
warmodgenebis gamarTva 1870-iani wlebidan, rasac 1900-ian wlebis Sua xanebSi mohyva qarTuli<br />
Teatraluri dasis Camoyalibeba; adgilobrivi inteligentebi dainteresebulni iyvnen<br />
kulturiT da TviTonac cdilobdnen literaturasa da kulturis zogierT dargSi muSaobas;<br />
adgilobrivi moRvaweebi TergdaleulTa organoSi, gazeT `droebaSi~, Semdeg ki `iveriaSi~<br />
iwyebdnen xangrZlivad TanamSromlobas da publicistur saqmianobas (gansakuTrebiT i.<br />
gvaramaZe, i. alxaziSvili), sadac ayenebdnen mosaxleobis ganaTlebis, maT mier sakuTari<br />
kulturisa da istoriis gacnobis, kulturis ganviTarebisa da mecnierebis safuZvlis Cayris<br />
saWiroebas, xalxis socialur-ekonomiuri mdgomareobis gaumjobesebis aucileblobas, maTSi<br />
erovnuli cnobierebis amaRlebis sakiTxs da a. S. am amocanebis gadawyvetisaTvis aRniSnulma<br />
moRvaweebma seriozuli wvlili Seitanes. Tavis nay<strong>of</strong>ier saqmianobasTan erTad adgilobrivi<br />
qarTveli inteligentebi xmas imaRlebdnen da iwyebdnen zrunvas erovnuli problemebis<br />
gadasaWrelad, rodesac mTavroba an romelime mxare aZlierebda adgilobriv qarTvelTa<br />
erovnul Seviwroebasa da Cagvras (mag., `marTlmadidebeli qristianobis aRmdgeneli<br />
sazogadoebis~ Tu ganaTlebis saministros daqvemdebarebul skolebsa da saswavleblebSi,<br />
ebrZodnen qarTul enas qarTvel kaTolikeTa eklesiebSi, zRudavdnen qarTveli mrevlisaTvis<br />
mSobliur enaze RvTismsaxurebas marTlmadidebel eklesiebSi da a. S.). droTa ganmavlobaSi es<br />
pirovnebebi (saukunis dasasrulisaTvis maTi ricxvi sagrZnoblad izrdeboda) yalibdebodnen<br />
adgilobriv erovnul moRvaweebad da sazogadoebriv saqmeebSi organizebulad moqmed<br />
inteligenciad.<br />
samcxe-javaxeTSi moqmedi mravali qarTveli moRvawisTvisac ilia WavWavaZe<br />
avtoritetuli da didi pirovneba iyo, romlis ideebsa da mimarTulebebs Tavidanve did pativs<br />
scemdnen da misi mimdevrebi xdebodnen. xolo zogierT maTgansa da eris mamas Soris piradi<br />
kavSirebic myardeboda, hqondaT masTan mimowera da Sexvedrebic.<br />
iliasTan rogorc Tanamoazreoba, aseve masTan pirovnuli kavSiris damyarebis survili<br />
XIX saukunis II naxevaris samcxe-javaxeTis moRvaweebs Soris adreve gaaCnda ivane gvaramaZes.<br />
rogorc i. gvaramaZis mier ilia WavWavaZisadmi miZRvnili biografiuli naSromidan irkveva 1 ,<br />
1860-iani wlebis dasawyisSi TbilisSi ivanes iliasTan garkveuli urTierToba hqonia. aq<br />
gvaramaZe xalisiT monawileobda sazogadoebriv SekrebebSi, sadac ukve gamorCeviT Canda<br />
axalgazrda ilia. ivanec did pativs scemda mas da moswonda misi Semoqmedeba. xolo ilias<br />
STagonebiT ivane gvaramaZes samijnuro leqsic dauweria. amis Sesaxeb Tavad ivane ase ixsenebs:<br />
`sityva rom movidoda Cvens SeyrilobaSi me yovelTvis vaqebdi xolme (ilias _ g. m.), erTxel<br />
miTxra Ciqoanman agre, rom mogwons aba erTi Seaqe vinme misi mosiyvarule ymawvil qalisagan,<br />
vnaxoT marTalia Tqveni misi qeba guliT aris Tu piradiao. mec davswere ori-sami muxli mis<br />
gulisad ase, rogorc Tu mis mosiyvarules enaxos erTxel da ar dascalebodes Tavis<br />
siyvarulis gamocxadeba misTvis am rigad:<br />
ax! rad damagde lamazis saxe badris wamwamo.<br />
giSris qoCor ulvaSTa saros zrdilo tano lerwamo<br />
tyve vqmnil var Senis survilis, ra meTqmis an ra viwamo?<br />
momxede wyalobis TvaliTa, satrfovo gulis sawamo!<br />
mfrinvelad gaxdi an jeiranad, gamomiqrole midamod,<br />
dRe Ram guli maqvs darajad, sul warsuli vkrTo mis gamod<br />
Suqi Seni TvalTa wina, jerac midgia saamod<br />
TvalT mibneldeba, naTeli, uSenod miTqvams midamod.<br />
vera vZleb Wiris daTmobas, neta ra meqmen es are,<br />
1 g. leoniZis sax. literaturuli muzeumi, 10589-x, ivane gvaramaZe, ilia grigolis Ze WavWavaZe;<br />
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