Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature

waruvlen weli Zilis Jamisa~.
(T. XXX)
`warvlen es welni Zilis Jamisa~.
(T. XXXI)
baraTaSvilis `welni mosvenebisa~ da ilias `welni Zilis Jamisa~ identuri cnebebia, rac
qarTvel ers, samwuxarod, drodadro, xangrZlivad eufleba xolme.
gansakuTrebiT sayuradReboa `aCrdilis~ am avtografis XXVI da XXVIII Tavebi, romlebic
Tamar mefes eZRvneba (rogorc cnobilia, `aCrdilis~ saboloo variantSi es Tavebi da Tamar
mefe aRar moixsenieba). `didi Tamari~ `aCrdilis~ am teqstSi `qarTvlis dedad~ igulisxmeba:
`garna Tamaris Zlier saxelma
ganhfanta mtveri saukunebis...~
qarTveli dedis saxesTan erTad, `aCrdilis~ am avtografis naTesaobas `bedi qarTlisas~
teqstTan cxadyofs is faqtic, rom 1859 wels Jurnal `ciskarSi~ (# 10) gamoqveynda poemis
mxolod VI Tavi (`Cveno aragvo...~), saTauriT `aragvi~ (sakuTari poemidan `aCrdili~). ilias
striqonebi:
`ras veZebdi me?.. Cem qveynis warsuls,
Sen win daRupul Cem Zvelsa mamuls...~
iraklisa da solomonis droindeli aragvispiris aRdgenis cdaa. saqarTvelos, rogorc
satrfos, ise Sehyurebs aCrdili B avtografis mixedviT (T. VII):
sul saqarTvelo moCanda Sorsa...
da is moxuci, rogorc satrfosa,
TvaliTa sWamda, TrToliT umzerda
da ufro, ufro guli uZgerda...
es trfiali, rogorc m. niniZec miuTiTebs, samSoblos ekuTvnis, xolo leqsSi `s...s~,
rogorc Cven vfiqrobT, konkretul qaTvel qals, _ sofio leoniZes eZRvneba.
sofio, metaforulad, qarTvlis dedaa, misi konkretuli saxe. sxva saqmea, rom es
metafora Semdgom, XIX s. II naxevarsa da XX s-Si qarTvelma erma erTgvar simbolod aqcia, mas
sakuTari erovnuli TviTSegnebis gamoxatvis funqcia mianiWa.
qarTvelTa didi dedis — Tamaris — droindeli istoriuli suraTi cocxldeba ilias
dramatul poemaSi `qarTvlis deda~, romlis I variants `deda da Svili~ uwoda poetma.
`qarTvlis dedis~ saboloo variantSi (1871) Secvlilia am dramis epigrafic: `sjobs
sicocxlesa nazraxsa sikvdili saxelovani~ nacvlad, aris: `gagviZex, bero mindiav...~ albaT,
imitom, rom xalxis xma, jaris simReriT poemaSi gamoxatuli, gansakuTrebiT moswonda ilias.
avtors surda, xalxis xma gaeZlierebina da mkacri da sastiki bediswerisaTvis sikvdilis arad
Camgdebi xalxi daepirispirebina. ara mxolod zogadad idealia faseuli da saocnebo
avtorisaTvis, aramed, konkretulad, am idealis ganmaxorcielebeli qarTveli.
ilias dramatuli poema `qarTvlis deda~ klasicisturi dramaturgiis principebs
eyrdnoba da misi gmirebic: deda da kiazo saxe-ideebi arian, msjeloba-Sefasebaze
damyarebulni. amJamad Cven gvsurs yuradReba gavamaxviloT msxverplSewirvis obieqtis
Taviseburebaze, erTi mxriv, poema `qarTvlis dedisa~ da, meore mxriv, `aCrdilis~ avtografis
`ZRvnis~ mixedviT. Tu poemis gmiri dedis mier Svilis msxverplad Sewirvis motivacia emTxveva
kiazos mier TviTSewirvis motivacias — patriotizms, mamulis dacvas, momavlis gadarCenas,
`aCrdilSi~ poeti Seswiravs mkiTxvels Tavis Txzulebas. poetur sityvas, romelsac avtori
Tavis `pirmSos~, `Zes~ uwodebs. `aCrdili~ marTlac pirmSo, pirveli poemaa poetisa: pirveli
epikuri Txzuleba, romelic, Cveni azriT, `bedi qarTlisas~ sulieri ganwyobilebis
gagrZelebaa. `aCrdilis~ B avtografSi vkiTxulobT:
ZRvna
miiReT, Cemo megobrebo, pirmSo Ze Cemi
axlad Sobili, nugeSis da imedT momcemi!..
igi mogiTxrobT Cemsa tanjvas da Cemsa fiqrsa,
ra mamis cremli zed atyvia loyebzed Svilsa.
ueWvelia, rom `mama~ poetia, xolo _ `Svili~ _ Txzuleba. ToTxmetmercvledis 5/4/5
misadageba dramatuli SinaarsisaTvis iliam pirvelad `aCrdilis~ `ZRvnaSi~ 1859 wels scada,
xolo Semdeg am metriT dawera poema `qarTvlis deda~, sadac es sazomi aris `Sinaganad
motivirebuli da masalis specifikiT ganpirobebuli~ (doiaSvili 1999: 354). amave sazomiT aris
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