Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
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ak. gawerelia s. dodaSvilis gramatikuli sistemis didi zegavleniT xsnis (gawerelia 1978: 168).<br />
s. dodaSvilis azriT, Sorisdebuli aris `sulis grZnobelobis anu moZraobis~ gamomxatveli<br />
`nawili sityvisa~. Cveni azriT ki, baraTaSvilis poeziaSi ufro himnografebis enisa da<br />
metyvelebis anarekli unda iyos es Sorisdebulebi da poeturi mimarTvebi.<br />
`qarTvlis deda~ ilias poeziaSi, xTonuri `didi dedis~ analogiurad, sicocxlis<br />
momniWebelic aris da sikvdilis ufalic, rogorc berZnul miTologiasa da literaturaSi<br />
heras saxeSi moiazreboda (canava 2005: 96).<br />
gmiri wminda msxverplia, xolo `qarTvlis deda~ _ am msxverplis aRmzrdeli — es aris<br />
Cveni eris uwmindesi tradicia da vali, romelsac ukve didi xania miTis mniSvneloba mieniWa.<br />
sulieri kavSiri ki enasa da miTs Soris swored metaforiT iqmneba. metaforis saTaves ki xan<br />
enaSi, xan ki miTologiis fantaziaSi eZieben, amitomac aRiarebdnen metaforis Seqmnis or gzas:<br />
logikur-diskursulsa da lingvo-miTologiurs (kasireri 1990: 8). `qarTvlis dedis~<br />
metaforis Seqmnis SemTxvevaSi orive gza igulisxmeba: logikur-sityvieri, semanti kuri<br />
Sinaarsi `dedisa~ gautolda mis uZveles, miTologiur, `didi dedis~ mniSvnelobas, rogorc<br />
sikvdil-sicocxlis gamaerTianebels, gmiris mSobels.<br />
80-ian wlebSi ilia, qarTul Teatrze saubrisas, sagangebod aRniSnavda: `gmiroba, ra<br />
saxisac unda iyos, sulis Ronea da ara xorcisa da amitom gmiris siyvaruli marto suliTve<br />
Roniers SeuZlian. aq xorciels Tvals ver gaaWrevinebT, sulieri Tvali unda~ (`qarTuli<br />
Teatri~, 1886). `poeziis mixvedra aris sulis saqme~, _ werda ilia, romelic `qarTlis dedis~<br />
metaforas ukavSirebda s<strong>of</strong>ios, qarTvel dedebs da amiT baraTaSvilis poeturi sulis<br />
Tanaziari xdeboda.<br />
1858 wlis 15 dekembriT aris daTariRebuli ilias leqsi `qarTvlis dedas~, xolo imave<br />
dRoT leqsi `s...s~ pirveli varianti: `leqsi `s...s~ daweridan male, 30 dekembers, imave<br />
saTauriT dawera man TiTqmis axali leqsi, romelic ilias akademiur gamocemaSi poetis mier<br />
dawunebul leqsebSia Setanili. am leqsis (`s...s~) qaragmis gaxsna da adresatis Zieba karga xania,<br />
sagonebelSi agdebs ilias lirikis mkvlevarT: zogi mas poetis imdroindeli satrfos<br />
aleqsandra (saSa) Caikovskaiasadmi (saSensakasadmi) miZRvnilad miiCnevs, maia niniZe ki ase ar<br />
fiqrobs, rasac savsebiT samarTlianad, damajereblad asabuTebs. misi azriT, es leqsi<br />
`samSoblos~, `saqarTvelos~ eZRvneba da ara satrfos, qaragmiTac am ori sityvidan erT-erTi<br />
unda iyos daqaragmebuli (niniZe 1997: 131).<br />
mogvianebiT mweralma am leqsis avtografi gadaxaza da miawera: `ritorika~. amgvarive<br />
minaweriT: `ritorika~ gadaxazulia 1858 wels dawerili: `pavlovskis parkisaTvis~; aseve<br />
uary<strong>of</strong>iTi konteqstiT moixseniebs sityva `ritorikas~ ilia 1864 wels kirile<br />
lorTqifaniZisadmi miweril baraTSi poema `qarTvlis dedis~ adreuli redaqciis Sefasebisas.<br />
`kacia-adamianSic?!~ axsenebs ilia `ritorikas~ da Tavis sadebiuto kritikul werilSic, 1861<br />
wlis `ciskris~ aprilis nomerSi. vfiqrobT, 1858-1861 wlebSi ilia intensiurad fiqrobs<br />
qarTvel mkiTxvelTan salaparako, saTqmeli masalis ara marto Sinaarsze (`ras vetyvi me Cems<br />
qveyanas?~), aramed — formaze. am formis Ziebisas `bedi qarTlisas~ sada metyveleba, sasaubro<br />
intonacia, dialoguroba, gadaWarbebuli ritorobisagan sruliad Tavisufali, kritikuli,<br />
miukerZoebeli gansja. 1858 wlis Semdeg, nik. baraTaSvilis `bedi qarTlisas~ teqstis<br />
STagonebasa da zemoqmedebas ilias sulze gvidasturebs `aCrdilis~ avtografi, romelic 1859<br />
wlis 26 ianvriT aris daTariRebuli.<br />
`aCrdilis~ cnobili, saboloo, II variantis avtografisagan gansxvavebiT, B avtografs<br />
axlavs `ZRvna~ da bolosityva: `qarTvelTadmi~, romelic Taviseburad exmianeba `bedi<br />
qarTlisas~ miZRvnas: `kaxTa mimarT~. versifikaciuli Tanxvedrac TvalsaCinoa orive<br />
teqstisa: ZiriTadi teqsti orive poemisa 5/4/5-iT aris Sesrulebuli: miZRvna `aCrdilSi~<br />
5/4/5-iT, `bedi qarTlisaSi~ ki _ 5/5/5-iT.<br />
aqve gvinda SevniSnoT sazomis 5/4/5-is Taobaze: ilias mier baraTaSvilisaTvis am erTerTi<br />
sayvareli sazomis, dramatuli SinarsiT datvirTvis Taobaze sagangebod miuTiTeben: ak.<br />
gawerelia, ak. xinTibiZe, T. doiaSvili. 5/4/5 — e. w. `besikuri~ sul sxva Sinaarsis gadmosacemad<br />
iyo momarjvebuli besarion gabaSvilis lirikaSi, baraTaSvilma ki mas sxva datvirTva mianiWa,<br />
magram iqneb isic vifiqroT, rom es sazomi besikis poeziaSic sasuliero mwerlobidan<br />
aRmoCnda: e. w. `abukurasa~ da `ninos sagaloblis~ striqonebis meSveobiT:<br />
`da abukura / axalnergi / sabawmidisaÁ~.<br />
an: `romelsa Sina / mgalobelni / ganmaZlieren~.<br />
an iqneb: baraTaSvilma, qarTuli himnografiisa da sasuliero mwerlobis saukeTeso<br />
mcodnem, TviTon miagno am sazoms besikisagan damoukideblad~?<br />
`aCrdilis~ B avtografSi ramdenimegzis meordeba striqonebi, romelic `bedi<br />
qarTlisas~ cnobili taepis `warvidnen welni mosvenebisa~ perifrazi unda iyos:<br />
`nu SiSob, velo! Sens mSvenier xalxs<br />
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