Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
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ilias ucnobi werilebi Tbilisel somexTa Sesaxeb<br />
juli gaboZe<br />
sazogadoebisaTvis cnobilia, rom XIX saukunis 90_ian wlebSi ilia WavWavaZem didi<br />
kamaTi gamarTa im somex vai mecnierebTan, romlebic urcxvad, aTasi xrikebiT cdilobdnen<br />
saqarTvelos istoriis gayalbebas da Cveni erovnuli siamayis daCemebas. ilia Zalian<br />
principulad gamoexmaura maT am mcdelobas da uZRvna werilebis mTeli cikli saTauriT:<br />
somexTa mecnierni da “qvaTa RaRadi”,(WavWavaZe, iveria: 1899 64_76 ) esaris asgverdiani<br />
naSromi, romelic imave wels calke broSuradac daibeWda( iveria 1899). da Semdgom wlebSic<br />
ara erTgzis gamoqveynda. es naSromi amjerad ilia WavWavaZis TxzulebaTa octomeulis XIV<br />
tomSi daibeWda.( WavWavaZe 2007 b: 177) Tumca, rogorc irkveva, ilias kidev ufro adre<br />
dauwyia eris Rirsebis dacva. jer kidev maSin, rodesac Tbiliselma somxebma qalaqis<br />
TviTmmarTvelobaSi moiyares Tavi da gamoacxades: “Tbilisi Cveniao”!<br />
albaT, advili warmosadgenia, rogor daicavda ilia qarTvelTa am siwmindes, aRniSnuli<br />
polemika 1897 wlis gazafxulze daiwyo da “iveriaSi” gaCnda ilias morigi xelmouwereli da<br />
usaTauro werilebi. Cveni kvlevis interess swored es meTaurebi warmoadgens, romlebic<br />
pirvelad qveyndeba ilia WavWavaZis TxzulebaTa octomeulis XIII tomSi. (tomi Seadgines da<br />
komentarebi daurTes eTer SaraSeniZem da julieta gaboZem). dadgenilia, rom “iveriis” yvela<br />
xelmouwereli meTauri werili ilias kalams ekuTvnis. dRemde arsebul yvela<br />
bibliografiaze dayrdnobiT mecnierma levan WrelaSvilma Seiswavla “iveriis”<br />
xelmouwereli meTaurebis atribuciis sakiTxi, ris Sedegadac ilias Txzulebani ramdenime<br />
aTeuli tomiT gamdidrda.( WrelaSvili :43 ). Tbiliseli somxebisadmi miZRvnili werilebi<br />
ilia WavWavaZis TxzulebaTa XIII tomSi ibeWdeba. (WavWavaZe2007 a: 300_356) somexTa sakiTxs<br />
iliam 12 werili miuZRvna. isini erTmaneTis miyolebiT ibeWdeboda da bevr maTgans Tavad<br />
avtori imowmebs momdevno werilebSi. am meTaurebis atribuciis sakiTxs Cven sagangebod<br />
ganvixilavT. amjerad, gvinda SevniSnoT ilias polemikis is saocari manera, rac albaT, bevr<br />
mecniersa da politikoss daamSvenebda. patriotizmi da humanizmi, didi codna da ufro<br />
didi gansjisa da analizis unari. mouridebloba mowinaaRmdegesTan da imavdroulad saocari<br />
taqti da TavSekaveba. ilia erTsa da imave dros aris bralmdebelica da damcvelic,<br />
Wirisufalica da kargi mezobelic. igi didi ostatobiT axerxebs yvela sakiTxis siRrmiseul<br />
analizs da mxolod amis Semdeg akeTebs saTanado daskvnebs problemis Sesaxeb.<br />
“gvetyvian, rom aq mTels somxobaze aris laparaki da ara calke kacze, marTalia,<br />
somxobaze aris, magram ara mTels somxobaze. sxva somexTan, romelnic vin icis sad ar arian<br />
dasaxlebulni, Cven ra xeli gvaqvs! RmerTma imaTs kacurkacobas da adamianurs sulTa<br />
swrafvas xeli moumarTos yvelgan. Cven pirvelni guliTadis sixaruliT mivegebebiT am<br />
marTla-da sasixarulo ambavs. aqaur somxobaze Tu vilaparakebT an sxvani hlaparakoben, eg<br />
sul sxva saqmea. aq mTels erTan saqme aravis ara aqvs ra. yvelam kargad icis, rom ar aris<br />
qveyanaze imisTana eri, romel Sorisac kargic ar iyos da avic. ueWvelia, somxebsac eyolebaT<br />
imisTana kacni, romlis winaSe Cvenc quds movixdiT pativiscemis niSnad. aq Cven vlaparakobT<br />
marto Cvens somxobaze, romelic, Cvenda samwuxarod, raRac calke razmad daewyo da imisTana<br />
moZRvrebas adgia, rom TviT gonebagaxsnil somexsac ki unda eTakilebodes, ar moswondes.”(<br />
WavWavaZe.a2007a: 304).<br />
pirveli werilis pirobiTi saTauri aseTia: “TbilisSi somxobam xelT igdo qalaqis<br />
marTveloba” (igive) ilias sawuxari swored isaa, rom Tbilisis TviTmmarTveloba mxolod<br />
somxebiT dakompleqtda da xmosnebs im niSniT ki ar irCevdnen, vin risi gamkeTebeli iyo,<br />
aramed imiT, somexia Tu ara. ilia imasac aRniSnavs, rom Tbilisis mosaxleobis 53%<br />
araqarTulia “gagvibatondnen tfilisis TviTmarTvelobaSi, qalaqi xelT igdes da TiTqo<br />
siciliT gveubnebian: Tu cxonebaa, Cven, somxebic kargad gacxonebTo.” ( iqve).<br />
ilia Tanmimdevrulad cdilobs am sakiTxis analizs. is mSvenivrad xvdeba, rom somxebis<br />
ase dajgufeba da mmarTvelobaSi gamoketva sulac araa ganpirobebuli qalaqis ukeTesad<br />
movlis mizniT. maT programac ar gaaCniaT, erTaderTi survili aqvT: “ qalaqi Cveniao..<br />
tfilisi romeli somxeTia an sazRvarmdebareobiT an xelmwifebiT rom ase kadnierad<br />
Cemuloben somxebi, _ Cveniao? saidam sada? sad somexi da somxeTi da sad tfilisis qalaqi?<br />
saidam sad iwvdian xelsa! kidev vityviT, aq marto saxlebia somxebisa, isic, vin icis, ramdenad,<br />
da ara qalaqi, romelic saqarTvelos miwa-wyalzea da saqarTvelosTan erTad ekuTvnis<br />
ruseTsa. aq somexs, rogorc erovnebas somxobisas, krintic ar SeuZlian dasZras, somxis<br />
saxeliT aq droSas ver gaSlis da somxobiT ver ibatonebs. aq somxisa ara aris ra, aq yvelani<br />
tfilisis Tanaswori mkvidrni arian, ganurCevlad qarTvelisa, somexisa, rusisa da sxvisa da<br />
sxvisa. aq laparaki qalaqis mkvidris saxeliT aris marto Sesawynarebeli da ara somexisiT, da<br />
nametnavad somexisiT, romelic aq xizania da sxva arara.”<br />
ilias es werilic 1897 wels daibeWda xelmouwerelad da da dasaTaurebulia ilias<br />
fraziTve; “sad somxeTi da sad Tbilis qalaqi? (WavWavaZe 2007a: 309) es werilic imis dasturia<br />
Tu, rogor wuxs ilia qveynis bedze, Tumca rogorc Cans, mezobel erTan amgvari saubari arc<br />
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