Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature
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gazeTi „iveria“ da osTa sakiTxi<br />
naira bepievi<br />
„sakuTari keTildReoba Cvenis mezoblis keTildReobazea damokidebuli, mezoblis<br />
ubedurebaze Cveni bedniereba ver dafuZndeba, ver aSendeba,“ _ werda didi ilia gazeT „iveriis“<br />
furclebze 1886 wels („iveria“ 1886: 16. 10).<br />
gazeT „iverias“ imTaviTve miznad hqonda dasaxuli aesaxa ara marto qarTvelTa, aramed<br />
saerTod, kavkasiel xalxTa cxovreba, igi yurs ugdebda mezobeli eris sunTqvas, mis majiscemas.<br />
swored am gazeTis furclebze isaxeboda kavkasiel erTa kulturis, ganaTlebis, y<strong>of</strong>is amsaxveli<br />
masalebi, riTic xels uwyobda qarTveli xalxisa da kavkasiaSi mcxovreb sxva xalxTa<br />
TviTgamorkvevas, TviTmy<strong>of</strong>adobas, urTierTobis ganmtkicebas, maT Soris megobruli, Zmuri<br />
urTierTobis gamyarebas. ilias natvra xom mis sityvebSic naTlad mJRavndeba: „mTeli kavkasi...<br />
erTisa azriT, erTis grZnobiT“ gamsWvaluli exila.<br />
unda aRiniSnos, rom mravali masala qveyndeboda gazeT „iveriaSi“ osTa y<strong>of</strong>a-cxovrebis, maTi<br />
kulturis, ganaTlebisa Tu religiis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT.<br />
gazeTi „iveria“ aqveynebda masalebs ara mxolod saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi, aramed kavkavSi<br />
mcxovrebi osebis Sesaxeb. iSviaTi iyo nomeri, romelSic ar iqneboda masala kavkavidan. gazeTi<br />
amyarebda sainformacio kavSirs CrdiloeT kavkasiasTan, kerZod, CrdiloeT oseTTan, exmaureboda<br />
yovel saintereso siaxles, aSuqebda TiToeul mniSvnelovan movlenas da mxars uWerda yovel<br />
sasikeTo wamowyebas. gazeTi nergavda da zrdida am xalxis mimarT Tanadgomas, pativiscemas,<br />
siyvaruls.<br />
gazeT „iveriis“ furclebze isaxeboda yoveli moZraoba, kulturuli winsvla osi erisa,<br />
gazeTi Tvals adevnebda osTa cxovrebas, cdilobda SeumCneveli ar darCenoda maTi cxovrebis<br />
amsaxveli detalebi, yovel movlenas aucileblad exmaureboda da Taviseburi wvlili Sehqonda am<br />
eris winsvlasa da ganviTarebaSi.<br />
sagulisxmoa is faqti, rom gazeTma „iveriam” pirvelma miaqcia sagangebo yuradReba osTa<br />
swavla-ganaTlebis sakiTxebs. am gazeTs SeumCneveli ar rCeba sul patara warmatebac ki „ganaTlebis<br />
gzazed” damdgari am erisa: „erTi sasiamovno moZraoba aRiniSna Cvens mosazRvre xalxSi,<br />
romelTanac saqarTvelos ucxovria mravali saukune da es moZraoba gulisxmieria CvenTvisac. me<br />
mogaxsenebT osebis ganaTlebis Sesaxeb“, _ werda didi qarTveli mamuliSvili al. xaxanaSvili gaz.<br />
„iveriis“ furclebze („iveria“ 1899: 136).<br />
cnobilia, Tu ra didia sakuTar, mSobliur enaze saxelmZRvaneloebis arsebobis mniSvneloba.<br />
„iveria“ wuxiliT aRniSnavda, rom osebis swavla-ganaTlebas xels didad uSlida is garemoeba, rom<br />
ar arsebobda mSobliur enaze Seqmnili saxelmZRvaneloebi. es mtkivneuli sakiTxi aqvs win<br />
wamoweuli Tavis statiaSi al.xaxanaSvils: „Tumca skolebi sakmarisia, mainc am ukanasknel dromdis<br />
ganaTlebam ver moikida fexi oseTSi, mizezi is iyo, rom ar arsebobda osurs enazed<br />
sakiTxavi wigni saRmrTo werilis garda da skolidan gamosuli bavSvi advilad iviwyebda imasac, rac<br />
SeiZina saswavlebelSi rusuls enazed Sedgenili saxelmZRvaneloebis SemweobiT“ („iveria“ 1899:<br />
136).<br />
sakuTari enis Rrmad dauflebis gareSe, sxvaTa enaze Sedgenili saxelmZRvaneloebiT<br />
mecnierebis Seswavla urTulesi saqmea. amitomac pr<strong>of</strong>. al xaxanaSvili miuTiTebda im<br />
aucileblobaze, rom saWiro iyo mSobliur, osur enaze y<strong>of</strong>iliyo Sedgenili sxvadasxva saxis<br />
saxelmZRvanelo. rac dRemde ganuxorcielebeli rCeboda: „saWiroa Sedgenil iqmnas osurs enazed<br />
geografiuli, istoriuli, sameurneo da sxva sakiTxavi wignebi, radganac saswavlebelSi rusuls<br />
imdenad vera swavloben, rom am enazed SeiTvison saWiro cnobani. erTis sityviT, saWiroa samSoblo<br />
enazed mwerlobis Seqmna“ („iveria“ 1899: 136) (xazgasma Cemia, n. b.)<br />
Tumca unda aRiniSnos, rom marTalia, upirvelesad mSobliuri, osuri enis swavlebis<br />
aucileblobaze miuTiTebda gazeTi, magram aqve sxva enebis Seswavlis saWiroebasac ar iviwyebda.<br />
imisaTvis, rom os bavSvebs mSobliurTan erTad rusulic SeeTvisebinaT, statiis avtors saWirod<br />
miaCnda bilingvuri swavlebis SemoReba da amisaTvis did upiratesobas aniWebda orenovan<br />
gamocemebs: „osebis saukeTeso warmomadgenelni (amaTi moTave aris iuristi Rappo baevi) zrunaven<br />
am Jamad iseT saswavlo wignebis Sedgenas, romlebic erTsa da imave dros aswavlides rusulsa da<br />
osurs enebs. amisaTvis saWiroa gverdigverd moyvanili iyos rusuli da osuri teqstebi, anu<br />
moTxroba.“ („iveria“ 1899: 136).<br />
osi xalxis yovel winsvlas, yovel nabijs ganaTlebisa da kulturis gzaze „iveria“<br />
Taviseburad exmianeboda. swored gazeTi “iveria” iyo pirveli, romelmac aRniSna kosta<br />
xeTagurovis “iron fandiris” gamosvlis didi mniSvneloba. swored didi ilias dakveTa iyo, rom<br />
gamoCenili osi mwerlis, osi xalxis sulieri megzuris kosta xeTagurovis leqsTa krebulis<br />
gamocemis mniSvneloba sagangebod aRniSnuliyo.. al. xaxanaSvili dadebiTad afasebs im faqts, rom<br />
osur enaze gamoica saero Sinaarsis wignebi, rac erTgvar movlenad miiCnia osTa ganaTlebisa da<br />
saerTod winsvlis saqmeSi. igi gansakuTrebuli sixaruliT aRniSnavs kosta xeTagurovis wignis<br />
“iron fandiris” gamosvlis mniSvnelobas: “axla pirvelad ibeWdeba osurs enazed saekklesio<br />
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