Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature

ilia WavWavaZe da qarTuli emigracia
rusudan niSnianiZe
,,ilia WavWavaZe saqarTvelos naxevari saukunis istoriaa”, - am sityvebiT daiwyebs Tavis
werils cnobili qarTveli mecnieri, rusTvelologi viktor nozaZe parizSi gamomaval Jurnal
,,qarTlosis“ saiubileo (merve) nomerSi da iqve: kaci, ,,vinc” hqmnida istorias” (nozaZe 1937:3).
es ukve SefasebiTi kategoriidanaa. qveynis istoria — seriozuli Tema.
yoveli ganzogadeba mecnierul sifrTxiles iTxovs da TavisTavad, rTuli saqmea. miT
ufro im SemTxvevaSi, roca gansxvavebulia samoqmedo da saazrovno sivrce. isic
angariSgasawevia, rom adamianebi wlebis ganmavlobaSi icvlian azrs, pozicias, Sexedulebebs.
kvlevis procesSi sainteresoa imis garkveva, ramdenad logikuria (an gulwrfeli ) es ,,cvla’’.
ilia WavWavaZe — gamorCeuli saxeli XIX da XX saukuneebis gzasayarze. misadmi miZRvnili
publicisturi werilis Tu narkvevis araerTi avtori erTad aRmoCnda ucxoeTis miwaze. isini
sxvadasxva partiuli kuTvnilebis Tu inteleqtualuri SesaZleblobebis adamianebi iyvnen.
,,ilias Temam’’ kidev ufro gaamZafra maTi pirovnuli urTierTobebic; gansxvavebulma
msoflmxedvelobebma mkveTrad iCina Tavi. samSobloSi es ufskruli TiTqos ase Rrma ar iyo. es
polemika sazRvargareT ar dawyebula, iq gagrZelda mxolod. kontrastebis im sibrtyeze
dayvana — dadebiTia es Tu uaryofiTi, gaaubraloebs emigrantuli publicistikis paToss.
literaturis istoriisaTvis mniSvnelovania sazRvargareT moRvawe araerTi
politikosis, mecnieris da mwerlis mosazreba. statiebi, narkvevebi, leqsebi — es
mravalferovani masala msoflios sxvadasxva saxelmwifoSia dastambuli (gaz.,,TeTri giorgi”
9 1927, 16 1929, 13 1928, 27 1930, 31 1930, 80 1934, 81—82-83 1934, parizi J. ,,brZolis xma” 39 1934,
parizi, ,,kavkasioni” X 1965, parizi, r.gabaSvili ,,rac maxsovs”, miunxeni, 1959, noe Jordania
,,Cemi warsuli”, parizi, 1953, s.bereJiani ,,nawerebi”, berlini, 1943, gr. robaqiZe ,,krebuli”,
karlo inasariZis gamocema, miunxeni, 1984, al.sulxaniSvili ,,ra xdeboda metexis cixeSi
qarTveleb Soris 1923 da 1924 wlebSi da ilias mkvlelobis sinamdvile”, san francisko, 1985 da
mravali sxv.).
,,vinc dakarga samSoblo, man dakarga yvelaferi,”_ esaa sityvebi parizSi gamomaval
gazeTSi dabeWdili werilidan: ,,saxelmwifoebrioba Tu individualizmi.” avtori Tavis gvars
bolomde ar amxels (d. k_Svili). saintereso statia gamorCeul ganwyobas qmnis: ,,Cven
davkargeT samSoblo da misi dakargviT, rom Cven yvelaferi davkargeT amas gansakuTrebuli
simwvaviT vgrZnobT aq, emigraciaSi myofi da iq, rusul komunistur monobaSi myofi
qarTveloba”(k_Svili 1929:1).
epoqaluri faqtebis Sefaseba arcTu iSviaTad, drois distancias gulisxmobs, magram
arseboben movlenebi, romelTac maSinve daerqmevaT zusti saxeli. gaz. ,,TeTri giorgi”
farTod aSuqebs ilias Temas. v. emuxvaris werili saTauriT: ,,5 ivlisis kanoni”: ,,ilia WavWavaZe
iyo saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebriobis aRdgenis ideologi! xom faqtia, rom i. WavWavaZis mTeli
muSaoba iyo am saxelmwifoebriobisaTvis niadagis momzadeba!”(emuxvari 1928: 4). kontrasti
saxezea. statiaSi meore gvari amotivtivdeba: ,,xom faqtia, rom n. Jordania iyo ideologi
qarTveli eris nacionalur gadagvarebis... n. Jordania mTels mis moRvaweobis ganmavlobaSi
niadags uTxrida saqarTvelos politikur Tavisuflebis SesaZleblobas.”
werilis avtori am xelisuflebas sayvedurobda uzarmazari qonebis da udevrad
gaflangvas da magaliTad mohyavda is istoriuli faqti, roca 1917 wels erovnul yrilobaze
gamosul kote afxazs didxans usaubria saxelmwifoebriobis Sesaxeb, nacionalizmze da Turme
urCevda damswreT saqveyno saqmeebis gadawyvetisas ar exelmZRvanelaT mxolod partiuli
mosazrebebiT. aqve, ilias mier daarsebuli tfilisis guberniis saTavadaznauro bankis qoneba
,,30 oqros milioni maneTi” gadaucia. es ilias saqarTvelos mier Seqmnili qoneba ganadgurda
Jordaniasa da misi partiis mier, Tvlis avtori. istoriuli suraTis aRsadgenad davsZendi,
roca es werili iwereba kote afxazi _ didi erovnuli moRvawe, ilias diswuli saqarTveloSi
ukve daxvretilia.
sainteresoa saredaqcio werili ,,Cveni pasuxi ,,damoukidebel saqarTvelos” da 30
martis koloniis gmirebs,” romelic gamoqveynda gaz. ,,TeTri giorgis”27 nomerSi
(redaqciisagan 1930: 3). kategoriuloba marto toniT ar cnaurdeba, aramed leqsikoniT. ras da
rogor elaparakebian isini erTmaneTs: ,,Tqven... tyuilebis guda xarT. erTmaneTsac ki atyuebT.
raindi aravis cils ara swamebs. Tqven ki profesionaluri cilismwamlebi xarT.
gaixseneT, ra cili daswameT ilia WavWavaZes... raindi zurgidan, qurdulad aravis mohklavs,
Tqven ki teroristebis mTeli kasta SehqmeniT da saukeTeso qarTvelebs qurdulad xocavdiT.”
es araa TaobaTa Soris brZola. asakobrivi sxvaoba danaxvis sxvadasxva rakurss rom
gansazRvravs. es adamianebi, aw ukve miuxedavad RirebulebebTan damokidebulebis mkveTri
gansxvavebisa, erTad aRmoCndnen ,,sxva” miwaze. garemom gadamwyveti gavlena iqonia.
samSoblodan geografiulad Sors myofma adamianebma sityva ,,patriotizmi” ufro mtkivneul
konteqstSi gaiazres. ,,Tqveni patriotizmi _ klasTa brZolaa, kaenoba... Cven rom rusebs
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